牛津深圳·广州版中考英语解题技巧点拨课件—阅读理解 (三)（词义猜测题）

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阅读理解
解题技巧点拨 (三)
牛津深圳·广州版 九年级
词义猜测题考查学生对一定的词汇在特定的语言环境中的意义的理解，要求学生对文中个别难词、关键词作出解释。解答这类题目，学生需要利用上下文的关键信息点来确定其确切含义。考查的方式为选项的单词解释题目的单词(英文→中文；英文→英文)。对代词的指代考查是选出代词指代的人或物。
阅读理解——词义猜测题
命题形式
解题技巧
实词或短语的词义猜测题都可以通过上下文语境推断出答案。学生可以根据上下文之间的并列关系、已知信息与生词的同义关系、反义关系等逻辑关系推断出生词的意思。
语境推断法
(　　)What does the underlined word “creepy” mean in Paragraph 2
A. Uncomfortable to look at. B. Impossible to touch
C. Boring to talk to. D. Difficult to understand
例题导读
(2023年广州阅读理解C篇节选) For Mary, she wants to make sure that her new robot doesn't look too much like a human.She wants people to just treat it as a machine-person.If it looks more like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary also believes that robot faces don't need to look a lot like ours.
feel afraid 与 creep并列，得知creepy描述不太好的情绪。
(　　)What does the underlined word “creepy” mean in
Paragraph 2
A. Uncomfortable to look at. B. Impossible to touch
C. Boring to talk to. D. Difficult to understand
由画线词所在句提及看起来更像一个人类和感到害怕可知，此处指她认为使用者可能会发现它看起来有点令人不舒服，故选A。
A
定义法
此类题目中，文中的一个句子或段落给生词定义；用破折号、冒号、分号后的内容或引号、括号中的内容对生词加以解释或定义。
(　　)The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence” in the last paragraph is ________.
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
例题导读
(2019广东阅读B篇节选) Intelligence A robot needs some kind of “smarts” . A programmer is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
(　　)The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence” in the last paragraph is ________.
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
由下文“一个机器人需要某种‘智能’”可知，这句话是对Intelligence的解释，可知，这句话是对Intelligence的解释，可推测intelligence意为“智能”，故选C。
4
指代关系法
文章中的代词it, that, this, he, him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和 that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。注意选项与原文的同义转换。
(　　)The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to______.
A. the moving air B. the closed room
C. the space journey D. the space garden
(2020年广州阅读理解D篇节选) Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms. Dr.Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move. The plants loved it.
They flowered and even produced more seeds. …
astronaut George completed the first seed-to-seed experiment in space, and moved one plant closer to a garden in space．
“And this, ” says Dr.Williams, “is good news for long-term space travel. ”
例题导读
选项B 干扰项
选项D干扰项
选项C干扰项(travel→journey)
(　　)The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refersto______.
A. the moving air B. the closed room
C. the space journey D. the space garden
由上文可知，Williams博士尝试了一种新的温室，里面有一个风扇让空气保持流动。由此可推知，植物喜欢的是“流动的空气”(keep the air move→the moving air)，故选A。
A
语篇训练1
My neighbour Stu loves cars.He drives his new Range Rover with such pride. It‘s like a member of the family. On most days, rainy or sunny days, you can find him working on his car. We’ve always had a neighbourly relationship. As we talk about cars, music and boats, we are excited. Stu likes things that go fast, and I appreciate(欣赏) the rush.
Finding things in common makes for good relationships, and from that, you can establish a friendship. That couple of hours was a great connecting experience.
I’ve dropped off a thank-you note because I want him to know that he has made a difference in my life. My day was better because he opened himself to me. I look forward to seeing how our friendship develops.
At last, the two boys worked in the library.Shawn felt strong when carrying boxes.And Thomas felt he was useful again.One day, Thomas said, “It is happy to work with you!” Shawn smiled and agreed.They became good friends again.
( ) What does the underlined word “establish” mean in Paragraph 2
A. Give up. B. Look for.
C. Keep away from. D. Set up.
D
语篇训练2
For kids growing up in today's cashless(不用现金的) society, the piggy bank is going digital(数字的).
Roland Hall, a father of two children, turned to a digital pocket money app because his kids were too young to get bank cards from traditional banks. Now there are some digital money apps for kids as young as six.
These apps are popular today. They usually ask users to pay some money every month or year. They are powerful money management and saving tools that take the place of old-fashioned piggy banks. Some say they can help users achieve a better understanding of money as cashless payments grow.
( ) What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Bank cards. B. Cashless payments.
C. Digital money apps. D. Traditional piggy banks.
C
语篇训练3
Some people believe that procrastination will make them work more successfully. But researchers disapprove. “I did a study several years ago, asking procrastinators to finish a task in a certain period of time,” says Stone. “They did worse than non procrastinators. They made more mistakes and they took longer. But they thought they did better.” No matter what the cause is, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. For example, bedtime procrastination can lead to sleeplessness, which in turn can cause many other health problems.
( )What does the underlined word “disapprove” in the passage mean
A. Accept. B. Disagree.
C. Discover. D. Worry.
B
语篇训练4
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
(　　)What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Satisfied. B. Lonely. C. Patient. D. Worried.
A
语篇训练5
Why not use the energy produced by people who walk past the street instead The right technology could be used to convert this energy into electricity—right under people's feet.
(　　) What does the underlined word “convert” probably mean in this passage
A. Carry.　　　 B. Change.　　　
C. Collect.　　　 D. Avoid.
B
When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract(吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flower.
语篇训练6
(　) The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “　　”.
A. dangerous to feed B. easy to get close to
C. hard to raise D. safe to reach
B
语篇训练7
Since the 1980s, the clothing industry in Shenzhen has flourished (繁荣). And scissors are one of the indispensable tools for making clothes. However, with fewer and fewer clothing factories left now and changes in lifestyle, people tend to buy classier knives and scissors rather than keeping old ones. Knife and scissors sharpeners are therefore rarely to be found in the city today.
(　 ) What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Useless. B. Different.
C. Interesting. D. Necessary.
D
语篇训练8
The craft originated during the Han Dynasty and entered its golden age during the Qing Dynasty. Many cities in China like Tianjin and Beijing are well-known for such gourds. Take the craft from Beijing as an example. As the family's fourth-generation inheritor (继承人) of Beijing's gourd-pyrography craft, Niu Chengguo has been working hard on the craft for over 40 years. With his great love for beautiful things, Niu has kept improving his art skills and created many works of art.
( ) What does the underlined word “originated” mean in Paragraph 2
A. returned.　　　 B. appeared.　　　
C. spread.　　　 D. stopped.
B
语篇训练9
2023 is set to be a very promising year for physical bookstores, according to Cao Yu, the general manager of a bookstore in Shenzhen. He said that in recent weeks his bookstore has had a full schedule of offline events, such as book signings.
( )What does the underlined word “promising” in the last paragraph mean
A. Being the same as the year before.
B. Showing signs of being successful.
C. Aiming to become helpful to readers.
D. Becoming necessary for the managers.
B
语篇训练10
( )The underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refers to “ 　”.
A. the change　　　 B. the bill　　　
C. the order　　　 D. the note
She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it, “Somebody once helped me the way I'm helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.” Under the note were nine more $100 bills.
D
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