2024年牛津深圳·广州版中考英语解题技巧点拨课件—阅读理解 (二)（细节题）

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阅读理解
解题技巧点拨 (二)
牛津深圳·广州版 九年级
细节理解题主要考查学生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章主要事实的理解能力。
阅读理解——细节理解题
命题形式
5W＋1H细节题主要考查学生对文章中发生什么事，事件的主要人物，事件发生的时间、原因、过程、结果的理解。此类题目题干中的关键词是解题的关键，学生需将题干中的关键词代入原文中进行比对，得出正确答案。
命题形式
5W＋1H细节题
此类题目主要是对某个点的全面考查或是对全文细节的考查，学生需对全文的细节有全面的了解和把握，用排除法得出正确答案。
常见的设问方式：
According to the passage, the followings are… EXCEPT ______.
Which of the following is true
EXCEPT/TRUE题
数字计算题多以 how many进行设问，考察某个关键点下包含多少个小点，学生需弄懂文章中各要点间的逻辑关系；或是考察年份、月份或金钱的计算，文章中经常会出现多个数字，学生需对它们进行比对、分析、计算得出正确答案。
数字计算题
解题技巧
第一步：根据题干关键词定位到原文，锁定答案所在段落。
第二步：根据选项关键信息，在文章中找到对应文字部分作为验证。
细节理解题中，部分题目的干扰选项往往是正确细节与非正确细节的混杂，学生需将选项与原文进行比对，排除干扰选项，得出正确答案。
排除干扰项法
(　　)Which sport is popular in Asia 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. Man vs. Horse Marathon. B. Dragon Boat Racing.
C. Caber Toss. D. Chess Boxing.
(2020年广州阅读理解C篇节选) Man vs. Horse Marathon
This race takes place in a small town in Wales, about 200 miles from London．…　
威尔士位于英国(欧洲)，排除A项。
例题导读
Camel Wrestling
In Turkey, camel(骆驼) wrestling is a very old sport.…
Dragon Boat Racing
Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races.…
Caber Toss
…Visitors to the UK can check it out.
Chess Boxing
…The sport is more popular in England and Germany.
中国为亚洲国家，故B项正确。
英国为欧洲国家，排除C项。
英国和德国均为欧洲国家，排除D项。
　　　　　
(　　)Which sport is popular in Asia 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. Man vs. Horse Marathon.
B. Dragon Boat Racing.
C. Caber Toss.
D. Chess Boxing.
答案定位：在亚洲国家流行的运动
B
(2022广东阅读A篇节选) Now your kids can try these devices at the smart home show in our community science center from August 1st to August 14th…
Opening Hours: 1：00 p．m.—9：00 p．m., from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.
根据题干中关键词enter the science center定位到第三段
例题导读
(　　) When can a visitor enter the science center
A. On Monday morning. B. On Sunday morning.
C. On Monday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon.
根据题干中关键词enter the science center定位到第三段，由此可知科学中心的开放时间为周一至周日下午一点到晚上九点，周一不对外开放，排除干扰选项可得出，一位游客可以在周日下午进入科学中心，故选D。
D
同义转换法
细节理解题主要考查同义转换，即题干关键词与选项关键信息对原文信息进行了同义转换，同义转换的部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子。因此，做题时需要比对选项与原文的意义是否一致。
(　　)What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine
A. He didn't like seeing blood.　　　　　
B. He found the studies too difficult.
C. He was pushed to give up by his family.
D. He was advised to study natural science.
(2022年广州阅读理解C篇节选)…His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn't be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals…
例题导读
(　　)What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine
A. He didn't like seeing blood.　　　　　
B. He found the studies too difficult.
C. He was pushed to give up by his family.
D. He was advised to study natural science.
同义转换：study medicine→study of medicine，
同义转换：hated to see blood→didn't like seeing blood，
故选A。
定位到原文第一段
A
这类题目不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语，学生需根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等对文章细节进行推敲，得出正确答案。
细节推敲法
(　　) Which of the following would Dave most probably agree with
A. People should treat robots as humans.
B. Robots need to express their own feelings.
C. Robots shouldn't look too much like humans.
D. People can easily accept robots with a human face.
(2023年广州阅读理解C篇节选) Dave feels differently. He believes that although at first we might be afraid when seeing a robot with a lifelike face, we may soon get used to it. If robots are going to work closely with humans, they should look as much like us as possible.After all, faces are an important part of the way we communicate.
例题导读
(　　) Which of the following would Dave most probably
agree with
A. People should treat robots as humans.
B. Robots need to express their own feelings.
C. Robots shouldn't look too much like humans.
D. People can easily accept robots with a human face.
由第一、二句可知，Dave认为，尽管机器人有人形脸可能一开始看起来令人害怕，但是我们会很快适应。由此可知，Dave认为人们能轻松地接受人形脸的机器人，故选D。
定位到原文第三段
D
语篇训练1
During the 16th century, Europe got rich developments in science, medicine and art. People had to “invent” words to express new ideas. They want to make their ideas or feelings known to the public. Many of these new English words were borrowed from foreign languages. There was also a renewed interest in ancient languages. Some new English words had roots in languages like Latin and Hebrew.
The general public, however, had difficulty understanding these new words. At that time, few girls would go to school. Only rich parents were able to afford professional teachers. Robert Cawdrey, an English schoolteacher, wanted to help. In 1604, he published A Table Alphabetical in London. Cawdrey hoped his dictionary would be able to help more people learn to read and write “properly”.
( ) Why did Robert Cawdrey publish A Table Alphabetical
A. To help more girls to be able to attend school.
B. To help his own students to read and write quickly.
C. To help people become interested in learning new things.
D. To help people understand newly invented English words.
D
语篇训练2
The Japanese school system is different from other countries in the world.
Most schools in Japan have a three term system with new school years starting every April. There are six grades in the elementary school(小学). Japan has one of the longest school days in the world. Even after the school ends, children still have other homework to keep them busy.
School holidays are six weeks long during the summer break and about two weeks long in winter break.
Every class has its own classroom. During elementary education, in most cases, one teacher teaches all of the subjects in each class. The number of the students in one class is usually under 40.
Here are some interesting facts about Japanese schools: Nearly all junior high schools require their students to wear school uniforms. Most students in Japan really feel happy in school. Students spend 205 minutes on language classes and 165 minutes on science classes every week(in other countries, 215 and 200 minutes), but they spend more time on math classes—235 minutes every week(in other countries, 218 minutes)．
( )1. How many weeks do Japanese students have for their school holidays in a year
A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. D. Eight.
( )2. What do Japanese students spend more time on
A. Language classes. B. Science classes.
C. Math classes. D. Sports classes.
( )3. What can you know from the passage
A. Junior high school students don't have to wear uniforms.
B. The number of the students in one class is usually less than 40.
C. After the school ends, children don't have other homework to do.
D. One teacher teaches one subject in each class during elementary education.
D
C
B
语篇训练3
China's National Forest Parks
Dreams Tour Company
Introduction Come to China and visit our amazing parks!
Read about two of our popular parks in China.
Jiuzhai Valley National Park
About the park
Jiuzhai Valley National Park is a beautiful park in the southwest of China. It's famous for Jiuzhai Valley. It is named after the nine Tibetan villages in the park. Every year, many visitors come here to visit its great mountains, waterfalls and colourful lakes. If you're lucky, you can also see some animals such as giant pandas!
When to visit
With warmer weather, you can enjoy the sunlight on the beautiful lakes in spring. Autumn is the best time to visit because the area becomes especially colourful in that time of year!
How to get there
You can fly to Jiuzhai Valley National park from Chengdu in about an hour. Another popular way is by coach from Chengdu to Jiuzhai Valley National park.
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park
About the park
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is in the northwest of Hunan Province, Central China. It is the first national forest park in China. You can see many amazing rocks, valleys, mountains and caves(洞穴)! The park is also famous for Tianmen Mountain. While climbing up the mountain, tourists can experience a breathtaking journey brought by the longest passenger cableway(空中索道) in Asia.
When to visit
The best time to visit the park is spring or autumn. The weather is the most comfortable in these two seasons.
How to get there
Traveling by air is the most convenient way for visitors from big cities of China. High-speed train is also recommended for travelers who don't want to spend too much.
( )1.What can you see in both parks according to the text
A. Giant pandas.　　　 B. Great mountains.　　　
C. Tibetan villages.　　　 D. Colourful lakes.
B
( ) 2.When does Jiuzhai Valley National Park become especially colourful
A. In spring.　　　B. In summer.　　　C. In autumn.　　　D. In winter.
( ) 3.Which park is the first national forest park in China
A. Giant Panda National Park. B. Jiuzhai Valley National Park.
C. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
D. Tianmen Mountain National Forest Park.
( ) 4.How can you get to Zhangjiajie from Shanghai if you want to save money
A. By plane.　　　 B. By taxi.　　　
C. By ship.　　　 D. By high-speed train.
C
C
D
语篇训练4
Ever since the 19th century, people's search for improved ways of producing electricity has never stopped. Now a UK company has developed a new kind of floor. It is very special. There is a system that can produce a certain amount of electricity very cheaply using the energy from footsteps. When people step on this special floor, electricity is produced.
The inventor of the floor came up with the idea when he was a student and worked in an energy business. The business asked him to find ways to power up street lights in the city center using the energy from the sun, but it soon became clear that this might not work because many city centers don't get enough sunlight because of tall buildings. Then he thought of a better plan.
Why not use the energy produced by people who walk past the street instead The right technology could be used to convert this energy into electricity—right under people's feet.
The floor could actually be very efficient (效率高的). This is especially true when it is used in very busy areas. And the reason is that a lot of energy is produced simply because of large numbers of people walking across the floor.
The floor can have other uses too, such as recording how many people visit a particular (特定的) place at particular times. This kind of information is very useful for certain people. For example, shop owners near the place would be interested in knowing what time of the day they have the highest customer numbers. So the next time you visit a big shopping center, have a careful look at the floor that you're walking across!
( ) 1.What is special about the new kind of floor
A. It can be used in many busy areas in cities.
B. It depends on sunlight to produce electricity.
C. It can provide customers' information about shopping.
D. It produces electricity with the energy from footsteps.
( ) 2.Why do many city centers fail to get enough sunlight
A. Because the buildings are tall.
B. Because the skies aren't clear.
C. Because the traffic is always busy.
D. Because the environment is polluted.
D
A
( ) 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. It is really difficult to produce electricity by using sunlight.
B. The use of the floor may help solve the problem of climate change.
C. The more people walk on the floor, the more electricity can be produced.
D. The floor could be of little help to the shop owners near the street using it.
C
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