国家勋章和国家荣誉称号-2024年初中英语中考话题热点阅读训练（含解析）

2024年初中英语中考话题热点阅读训练
话题07国家勋章和国家荣誉称号
(一)
Here are four great doctors who got 2020 the Medal of the Republic(共和国勋章) and the national honorary title(国家荣誉称号), “the People’s Hero”(人民英雄) .
Picture ① Name: Zhong Nanshan Age: 85 From: Xiamen, Fujian Look: wide mouth, short and white hair, strong Picture ② Name: Zhang Boli Age: 73 From: Ningjin, Hebei Look: big nose and ears, short and white hair
Picture ③ Name: Zhang Dingyu Age: 58 From: Queshan, Henan Look: round face, small mouth, little hair Picture ④ Name: Chen Wei Age: 55 From: Lanxi, Zhejiang Look: round face, small eyes, short black hair
1．Who got 2020 The Medal of the Republic
A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Zhang Boli. C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
2．Where does Zhang Boli come from
A．Fujian. B．Hebei. C．Henan. D．Zhejiang.
3．What does Zhang Dingyu look like
A．He has a wide mouth. B．He has a big nose.
C．He has little hair. D．He has short black hair.
4．Among them, who has short and white hair
A．①② B．②④ C．①④ D．②③
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A
【分析】本文向我们介绍了四位伟大的医生,分别获得了共和国勋章和国家荣誉称号,他们都是人民英雄.
1．细节理解题.根据常识可知,钟南山获得了共和国勋章,故选A.
2．细节理解题.根据“Name: Zhang Boli From: Ningjin, Hebei”可知,张伯礼来自河北,故选B.
3．细节理解题.根据“Look: round face, small mouth, little hair”可知,张定宇有着圆脸,小嘴巴,有很少的头发,故选C.
4．细节理解题.根据“Name: Zhong Nanshan Look: wide mouth, short and white hair, strong”和“Name: Zhang Boli Look: big nose and ears, short and white hair”可知,钟南山和张伯礼都留着白色短发.故选A.
(二)
In the fight against COVID-19, many national heroes have become well known to the public.
On August 11, 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping commended (表彰) four of them for their outstanding contribution (杰出的贡献).
Zhong Nanshan was given the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). He has been leading the Chinese government’s efforts in the fight against COVID-19. The old expert got a result that COVID-19 could be spread between humans.
“The People’s Hero” was given to three others. They are Zhang Boli. Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei.
Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.
Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an illness in 2018. However, he chose to stay with his partners in Wuhan to save lives.
Chen Wei is a professor. She has made great achievements in the research on COVID-19. She is also one of the key leaders in China’s Ebola vaccine (埃博拉疫苗) research.
The purpose of giving the nation’s top honors to these people was to show the great courage and the spirit of working together of the Chinese people.
1．How many people was given “the People’s Hero” by Chinese President Xi Jinping
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．Who got an illness in 2018 according to the passage
A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Zhang Boli. C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
3．The underlined phrase “in charge of” in the passage means “_________” in Chinese.
A．负责 B．控制 C．减轻 D．批评
4．According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．Chen Wei is the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital.
B．Zhang Dingyu is a traditional Chinese medicine expert.
C．Zhong Nanshan got a result that COVID-19 could not be spread between humans.
D．Zhang Boli has been in charge of the research connecting TCM with Western medicine.
5．Where can we probably read the passage
A．On a map. B．In a textbook. C．In a travel book. D．On the Internet.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文介绍在与新冠肺炎战斗中涌现了许多民族英雄,其中四位杰出的贡献者收到了国家主席的表彰.
1．细节理解题.根据“‘The People’s Hero’ was given to three others.”可知,“人民英雄”奖颁给了另外三人.故选C.
2．细节理解题.根据“Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an illness in 2018.”可知,张定宇在2018年生病了.故选C.
3．词句猜测题.根据“Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.”可知,张伯礼是一位中医专家,一直负责中西医结合治疗新冠肺炎的研究.所以in charge of的意思是“负责”,故选A.
4．细节理解题.根据“Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.”可知,张伯礼是一位中医专家,一直负责中西医结合治疗新冠肺炎的研究.故选D.
5．推理判断题.本文介绍在与新冠肺炎战斗中涌现了许多民族英雄,结合选项,推测可能在网上看到这篇文章,故选D.
(三)
National medals(奖章)and honorary titles(荣誉称号)are usually awarded once every five years. As part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary(周年)of the founding of the People's Republic of China(PRC．,President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and national honorary titles.They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people.All have made big contributions(贡献)to the nation's construction and development. Here are some of the people we'll know.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin(抗疟药物青蒿素),is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovations(创新)in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the country's development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017,led the research and development of China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope(FAST,500米口径球面射电望远镜),the world's largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contributions to hinese astronomy(天文)earned him the title," the people's scientist".
Also receiving awards are six foreign friends who have lent their hands to assist with China. Former French Prime Minister(总理)Jean-Pierre Raffarin, one member of the Friendship Medal, is a supporter of the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)Having worked to strengthen the friendship between French and Chinese people in the past few years, he is" sincerely pleased” with the honor."To work for this friendship is to work for peace," Raffarin said.
Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.
1．Different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except__________
A．doctors B．artists C．scientists D．foreigners
2．_________people won the Medal of the Republic according to the passage.
A．5 B．8 C．6 D．42
3．What do we know about Tu Youyou
A．She is the only woman for the Medal of the Republic.
B．She won a Nobel Prize in 2017.
C．She has saved millions of people around the world.
D．She has made traditional Chinese medicine enter all the countries.
4．Nan Rendong was awarded for his contributions in the field of_________.
A．law B．agriculture C．education D．astronomy
5．What of the following description for Jean-Pierre Raffarin is true
A．He introduced Chinese education to France.
B．He has helped improve the friendship between China and France.
C．He has organized many cultural activities in China.
D．He was pleased to live in China peacefully.
6．What's the main purpose of the article
A．To express thanks to national heroes.
B．To tell readers what makes a good role model.
C．To describe how to get the national honorary titles.
D．To introduce some of the people who won national awards.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A
【分析】短文大意:本文是新闻类阅读,介绍了中华人民共和国成立70周年之际,习近平主席将授予为国家的建设和发展做出了巨大贡献的42人共和国勋章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉称号.他们来自不同的背景,包括科学家、立法者、教育家、艺术家、劳动模范和六位非华裔人士.
1．题意:除了医生,文章中提到了不同的背景.考查细节理解.根据“They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. 他们来自不同的背景,包括科学家、立法者、教育家、艺术家、劳动模范和六位非华裔人士”可知没有提及医生,故选A.
2．题意:根据这篇文章,有8人获得了共和国勋章.考查细节理解.根据“Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic中国科学家屠呦呦是获得共和国勋章的八名科学家之一”可知选B.
3．题意:关于屠呦呦,我们知道些什么 考查细节判断.A. 她是唯一获得共和国勋章的女性;根据“Tu…is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine”可知说法错误.B. 她在2017年获得了诺贝尔奖;根据“Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize”可知说法错误.C. 她拯救了世界上数百万人的生命;根据“She has saved millions of lives worldwide”可知说法正确.D. 她使中医进入了所有的国家;根据“She has also made important scientific innovations in traditional Chinese medicine”可知说法错误.综合以上分析,故选C.
4．题意:南仁东因其在天文学领域的贡献而获奖.考查细节理解.law法律;agriculture农业;education教育;astronomy天文学.根据His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, "the people's scientist" 他对中国天文学的贡献为他赢得了“人民科学家”的称号,可知,故选D.
5．题意:下面关于Jean-Pierre Raffarin的描述是正确的吗 考查细节判断.A. 他把中国的教育引进法国.B. 他帮助增进了中法之间的友谊.C. 他在中国组织了许多文化活动.D. 他很高兴在中国和平地生活.根据“Former French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin, one member of the Friendship Medal, is a supporter of the Belt and Road Initiative Having worked to strengthen the friendship between French and Chinese people in the past few years, he is "sincerely pleased”with the honor法国前总理让-皮埃尔·拉法兰是友谊勋章的获得者之一,他是一带一路倡议的支持者,过去几年来,他致力于增进法中两国人民的友谊,他对获得这一荣誉由衷地感到高兴”可知B项说法正确,故选B.
6．题意:这篇文章的主要目的是什么 考查文意理解.根据最后“Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country多亏了这些伟人的努力,我们才能生活在一个和平的国家”可知表达的是感激之情,To express thanks to national heroes(向民族英雄们表示感谢)符合文意,故选A.
【点睛】本文是新闻类阅读,虽然篇幅较长,难度较高,但各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据.只要认真阅读短文,注意前后联系,就能顺利完成阅读.主要考查细节理解,做题关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查小题和原文的异同.例如小题2,问有多少人获得了共和国勋章,考查细节理解.根据“Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic中国科学家屠呦呦是获得共和国勋章的八名科学家之一”可知选B.
(四)
In the fight against COVID-19, many national heroes have become well-known to the public. On August 11, 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping commended (表彰) four of them for their outstanding contribution (杰出的贡献).
Zhong Nanshan was given the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). He has been leading the Chinese government’s efforts in the fight against COVID-19. The old expert got a result that COVID-19 could be spread between humans.
“The People’s Hero” was given to three others. They are Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei.
Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.
Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an illness in 2018. However, he chose to stay with his partners in Wuhan to save lives.
Chen Wei is a professor. She has made great achievements in the research on COVID-19.She is also one of the key leaders in China’s Ebola vaccine (埃博拉疫苗) research.
The purpose of giving the nation’s top honors to these people was to show the great courage and the spirit of working together of the Chinese people.
1．How many people was given “the People’s Hero” by Chinese President Xi Jinping
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．Who got an illness in 2018 according to the passage
A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Zhang Boli.
C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
3．The underlined phrase “in charge of” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．负责 B．控制 C．减轻 D．批评
4．According to this passage,which of the following is TRUE
A．Chen Wei is the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital.
B．Zhang Dingyu is a traditional Chinese medicine expert.
C．Zhong Nanshan got a result that COVID-19 could not be spread between humans.
D．Zhang Boli has been in charge of the research connecting TCM with Western medicine.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文介绍了在与新冠肺炎的战斗中,涌现出许多民族英雄,其中四位杰出的贡献者受到了国家主席的表彰.
1．细节理解题.根据第二个表格“‘The People’s Hero’ was given to three others. They are Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei.”可知,“人民英雄”奖颁给了另外三个人,他们是张伯礼、张定宇和陈薇.故选C.
2．细节理解题. 根据第四个表格中的“Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an ilness in 2018.”可知是张定宇生病了.故选C.
3．词句猜测题. 第三个表格中“the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.”意为“新冠治疗与中西医结合的研究”.结合“Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert.”可知,张伯礼是一名中医专家,则可推断出,本句意为:他负责新冠治疗与中西医结合的研究,则此处“in charge of”意为“负责”.故选A.
4．细节理解题.根据第三个表格中“Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of the research of COVID-19 treatments connecting TCM with Western medicine.”可知,张伯礼负责新冠治疗与中西医结合的研究.故选D.
(五)
Not long ago, President Xi Jinping signed the presidential order to award Zhong Nanshan with the “the Medal of the Republic” and awarded Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei with the honorary titles of “People’s Hero”. The CPC Central Committee has decided to recognize a number of advanced people and organizations in the fight against COVID-19. “They are the role models of all Chinese people and the heroes of the country and the people,” said a netizen. The spiritual home of the Chinese nation is highlighted by a large number of advanced examples in the fight against COVID-19.
Zhong Nanshan is one of them. At the age of 84, he could have rested, but he felt the responsibility was on his shoulders and he had to shoulder it. “Wearing this uniform, I should do everything for the country,” said Chen Wei. Although Zhang Dingyu learned that his wife was infected(感染)with COVID-19, he fought in the front line of the epidemic(疫情)for more than 30 days. And he led the medical team to treat thousand of patients.
Although everyone has different position, industries, abilities and levels, he can create great achievement in ordinary positions. That is because he has heroic dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero. The heroic Chinese people will surely create newer and greater Chinese miracles(奇迹).
1．Who has been given the “the Medal of the Republic” by President Xi
A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Zhang Boli. C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
2．Which of the following is true about Zhang Dingyu
A．His son was infected with COVID-19.
B．His fought against epidemic for over 300 days.
C．His medical team saved thousand of patients.
D．This year, he is eight-four years old.
3．What can people with different positions, industries, abilities and levels create together
A．Huge incomes. B．Great achievements. C．Wonderful feelings. D．Excellent states.
4．From this passage, we can infer _________.
A．China can overcome all the difficulties because she has so many ordinary heroes
B．in the fight against COVID-19, Chinese people spent a lot of money
C．COVID-19 is a very terrible disease that can kill a lot of people
D．Zhang Dingyu joined the fight 30 days after COVID-19
5．What is the best title of the passage
A．Chinese People’s Great Achievements
B．Hard Work of the Medical Workers Day and Night
C．The Big Dreams from Some Ordinary Heroes
D．For the Fright Against the Epidemic Heroes Thumb up
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文简略介绍获得“共和国勋章”和“人民英雄”称呼的抗疫卓越贡献者钟南山、张伯礼、张定宇和陈微的一些情况.
1．细节理解题.根据第一段“ President Xi Jinping signed the presidential order to award Zhong Nanshan with the ‘the Medal of the Republic’”．可知,钟南山是被授予“共和国勋章”.故选A.
2．推理判断题.根据第二段“And he led the medical team to treat thousand of patients.”可知,张定宇和他的团队救治了几千人.故选C.
3．细节理解题.根据第三段“Although everyone has different position, industries, abilities and levels, he can create great achievement in ordinary positions.”可知,不同的职位、行业、能力和水平人都可以在普通岗位上做出巨大的贡献.故选B.
4．推理判断题．根据第三段“That is because he has heroic dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero. The heroic Chinese people will surely create newer and greater Chinese miracles(奇迹).”可知,因为有这么多普通的英雄,中国可以克服所有的困难.故选A.
5．主旨大意题,根据短文第一段可知短文的主要目的就是,弘扬英雄事迹,为英雄点赞.故选D.
(六)
The people’s Republic of China (PRC) celebrated its 70th founding anniversary last year. Over the past decades(几十年), many people have made great contributions to the country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept.17, in 2019, ahead of National Day on Oct.1, eight people received the Medal of the Republic(共和国勋章).
Here are four of the eight recipients(接受者)of the Medal of the Republic.
Yu Min 于敏, 1926-2019 Nuclear physicist On June 17, 1967, China detonated(引爆)its first hydrogen bomb(氢弹). It took only 32 months to go from its first atomic bomb(原子弹)to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist(核物理学家), Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories and models he created were key to the successful test.
Sun Jiadong 孙家栋, 1929－ Aerospace engineer Sun made great contributions towards developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer(总设计师)of both the Beidou navigation(导航)system and China’s lunar exploration project.
Yuan Longping 袁隆平, 1930－ “Father of hybrid rice” Yuan devoted himself to agricultural(农业的)education and research. He was the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain. His research on higher rice yields helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world.
Tu Youyou 屠呦呦, 1930－ Scientist Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin(青蒿素), a medicine that can be used to treat malaria(疟疾). Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
1．When did the eight people receive the Medal of the Republic
A．On Sept.17, 2019 B．On Oct.1, 2019
C．On Sept. 17, 1949 D．On Oct.1, 1949
2．Who is called “father of hybrid rice” by Chinese people
A．Yu Min B．Sun Jiadong C．Yuan Longping D．Tu Youyou
3．Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize in ________.
A．Physics B．Aerospace C．Literature D．Medicine
4．________ was dead in 2019.
A．Yu Min B．Sun Jiadong C．Yuan Longping D．Tu Youyou
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了八位获得共和国勋章中的四位,分别是:于敏、孙家栋、袁隆平和屠呦呦.文章介绍了他们的重要研究成果及做出的重大贡献.
1．细节理解题.根据第一段“On Sept.17, in 2019…eight people received the Medal of the Republic”可知,2019年9月17日,八人被授予共和国勋章.故选A.
2．细节理解题.根据第三个表格“Yuan Longping 袁隆平, 1930－…‘Father of hybrid rice’”可知,袁隆平被中国人成为“杂交水稻之父”.故选C.
3．细节理解题.根据第四个表格“Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.”可知,屠呦呦因获得诺贝尔医学奖而闻名.故选D.
4．细节理解题.根据第一个表格“Yu Min 于敏, 1926-2019”可知,于敏于2019年逝世.故选A.
(七)
The year 2020 is unforgettable(难忘的)for everyone. We are at home for a long time because of the COVID-19(新冠肺炎). But many people still go out and help people in need. Zhong Nanshan is one of them. This year, we can always hear his name on TV. On August 11th, Chairman Xi Jinping gave him the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章)to thank him for his hard work.
Zhong Nanshan is a very famous doctor. He comes from a family of doctors. His parents are both doctors. When he was young, his dream(梦想)was to be a doctor. He is 84 years old this year. But he still goes to Wuhan and helps the people there. During that time, he visited patients(病人) every day. When his family call him, he always says, '' Don't worry about me. I am healthy. , ^
We should learn from him and help the people around us. He is a hero(英雄)of China. We all thank him for what he has done for us.
1．People have to be at home because of _________.
A．the COVID-19 B．the food C．the money D．the dreams
2．Zhong Nanshan got the Medal of the Republic on _________.
A．July 11th B．August 11th C．September 11th D．October 11th
3．Zhong Nanshan's parents are both ________.
A．teachers B．office workers C．doctors D．actors
4．What's the best title(标题)of this passage
A．My Dream B．COVID-19
C．The Medal of the Republic D．Zhong Nanshan -A Hero of China
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D
【分析】本文讲述了因为COVID-19,所以2020年对我们来说是难忘的一年,详细地介绍了钟南山对全国人民的帮助和为防疫工作作出的贡献.
1．细节理解题.根据文中的句子“We are at home for a long time because of the COVID-19(新冠肺炎).”可知,因为COVID-19,人们必须待在家里.故选A.
2．细节理解题.根据文中的句子“On August 11th, Chairman Xi Jinping gave him the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章)to thank him for his hard work.”可知,钟南山于8月11日获得共和国勋章,故选B.
3．细节理解题.根据文中的句子“ His parents are both doctors.”可知,钟南山的父母都是医生.故选C.
4．最佳标题题.本文主要介绍了中国的英雄-钟南山,我们应该向他学习并且帮助我们周围的人.故选项D. Zhong Nanshan -A Hero of China“钟南山-中国的英雄”为最佳标题.故选D.
(八)
On Oct 1, or National Day, the People ’s Republic of China (PRC) celebrates its birthday. The PRC is turning 70 this year. Over the past decades, many people have helped China grow and develop through their hard work. China awarded (授予) 42 people as heroes of 70 years of the PRC, including both Chinese and foreigners, national medals (国家勋章) and honorary titles for the contributions (贡献) they have made toward the country’s success. Eight people were received the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章), six foreigners were received the Friendship Medals, and 28 people were received the National Honorary Titles (国家荣誉称号). For example, Yuan Longping is known as the Father of Hybrid Rice. Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素), a group of drugs used to combat malaria, is the first Chinese woman to win the prize.

1．How many people were awarded the Medal of the Republic
A．6 B．8 C．42 D．70
2．Scientist Yuan Longping is known as ______ .
A．the winner of Nobel Prize B．the Father of Hybrid Rice
C．the contributions (贡献)of Friendship D．discovery of artemisinin
3．Who is the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize
A．Yuan Longping B．Song Qingling C．Gong Li D．Tu Youyou
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D
【分析】10月1日是中华人们共和国成立70周年.在过去的几十年里,许多人为祖国的繁荣富强努力拼搏,在国庆前夕,授予包括国内外42个人国家勋章,例如杂交水稻之父袁隆平和获得诺贝尔奖的屠呦呦.
1．细节理解题.根据“Eight people were received the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章)…”可知总共有8个人获得共和国勋章.故选B.
2．细节理解题.根据“For example, Yuan Longping is known as the Father of Hybrid Rice.”可知袁隆平作为杂交水稻之父而闻名.故选B.
3．细节理解题.根据“Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素), a group of drugs used to combat malaria, is the first Chinese woman to win the prize. ”可知屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女士.故选D.
(九)
China’s top defense engineering (国防工程) expert Qian Qihu was awarded the Order of August the First (八一勋章) last year for what he had done for national defense.
Born in October 1937 in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, Qian has spent over 60 years studying protection engineering, helping China to build the “Underground Great Wall”. If the ground buildings are in trouble, the underground “cities” can hide people and store the basic things needed for life.
Qian spent more than half a century working for national defense and made great effort to build many defense buildings lying deep inside mountains.
Qian has played an important role in many national projects such as the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and the Souh-to-North Water Transfer Projcct.
Qian is also the winner of China’s top scientifie honor — the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award (国家最高科学技术奖) in 2018. He gave away all the money awarded to help poor children get education, which was 8 million yuan in total. However, Qian himself lives a simple life all the time.
1．What honor did Qian receive in 2022
A．The State Preeminent Science and Technology Award.
B．The Order of August the First
C．The Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.
D．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.
2．How long has Qian spent studying protection engineering
A．More than 60 years. B．Less than 60 years.
C．More than 50 years. D．Less than 50 years.
3．What can underground “cities” do
A．Help poor children receive education.
B．Build defense buildings lying deep inside mountains.
C．Provide a good environment where people can study protection engineering.
D．Protect people and the basic things needed for life.
4．The writer supports his opinion by ______.
A．making comparisons B．asking questions C．listing facts D．telling stories
5．What is Qian like according to the passage
A．Helpful and humorous. B．Friendly and honest.
C．Confident and creative. D．Hard-working and kind.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最高军事荣誉“八一勋章”的获得者钱七虎对国防基础建设作出的杰出贡献.
1．细节理解题.根据“China’s top defense engineering expert Qian Qihu was awarded the Order of August the First last year for what he had done for national defense.”可知钱七虎去年即2022年获得了“八一勋章”.故选B.
2．细节理解题.根据“Born in October 1937 in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, Qian has spent over 60 years studying protection engineering, helping China to build the ‘Underground Great Wall’.”可知钱七虎花费了60多年的时间从事防护工程研究.故选A.
3．细节理解题.根据“If the ground buildings are in trouble, the underground ‘cities’ can hide people and store the basic things needed for life.”可知地下城市能够保护人民和生活所需的基本物品.故选D.
4．细节理解题.根据“Qian has played an important role in many national projects such as the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and the Souh-to-North Water Transfer Projcct.”可知作者通过列举事实来支持自己的观点.故选C.
5．推理判断题.根据“Born in October 1937 in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, Qian has spent over 60 years studying protection engineering, helping China to build the ‘Underground Great Wall’.”可知花费60多年从事防护工程研究,他是刻苦工作的,再由“He gave away all the money awarded to help poor children get education, which was 8 million yuan in total. However, Qian himself lives a simple life all the time.”可知把奖金捐出去而自己过着朴素的生活,由此可知是个善良的人.故选D.
(十)
On Sept. 8, 2020, President Xi Jinping presents medals to the recipient(接受者)of the Medal of the Republic(共和国勋章)Zhong Nanshan, and recipients of the national honorary(荣誉的)title “the People’s Hero,” Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, at a meeting commending(表彰)role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic(流行病)at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Zhong Nanshan is one of them. He led his team to Wuhan to fight against the illness. He made the important decision to cut off Wuhan from other cities to stop the virus. Thanks to him, the disease is under control day by day.
“Wearing this uniform, I should do everything for the country,” said Chen Wei, a key figure behind the vaccine(疫苗). She made great achievements in COVID-19 related basic research and development of vaccine and protective medicine.
Zhang Dingyu, head of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, learned that his wife was infected(感染)with COVID-19, but he still fought in the front line of the epidemic for more than 30 days. And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients.
Although people have different positions, industries, abilities and levels, they can create great achievements in common positions. That’s because they have heroic(英雄的)dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero. The heroic Chinese people will surely create newer and greater Chinese miracles(奇迹).
1．Who has been given the “the Medal of the Republic” by President Xi
A．Zhang Boli. B．Zhong Nanshan. C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu
A．His son was infected with COVID-19.
B．He fought in the front line of the epidemic for over 300 days.
C．His medical team saved thousands of patients.
D．This year, he is eighty-four years old
3．According to the passage, the recipients are honored because they are all _________.
A．role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic
B．making great achievements in science
C．key figures behind the vaccine
D．developing vaccine and protective medicine in 2020
4．According to the passage, what mainly makes common people create great achievements
A．High positions. B．Good abilities and high levels.
C．Great feelings. D．Heroic dreams and heroic deeds.
5．What is the best title of the passage
A．China’s Great Achievements B．Development of Vaccine
C．The Heroic Dreams of People D．Give the Epidemic Heroes Thumb(大拇指)up
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D
【分析】本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员.
1．细节理解题.根据“On Sept. 8, 2020, President Xi Jinping presents medals to the recipient(接受者)of the Medal of the Republic(共和国勋章)Zhong Nanshan”可知,钟南山获得了共和国勋章,故选B.
2．推理判断题.根据“And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients”可知,他领导的团队救治了成千上万的病人,C表述正确,故选C.
3．细节理解题.根据“…at a meeting commending(表彰)role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic(流行病)at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing”可知,因为他们都是抗击新冠肺炎疫情的楷模,故选A.
4．细节理解题.根据“That’s because they have heroic(英雄的)dreams and do heroic deeds”可知,那是因为他们有英雄的梦想,有英雄的事迹,故选D.
5．最佳标题.通读全文可知,本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员,所以D选项“给疫情英雄点赞”符合本文标题,故选D.
National medals and honorary titles (荣誉称号) are usually awarded (颁奖) to those who have got great achievements for our country every five years. As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and National Honorary Titles. They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and 6 non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions(贡献) to the nation’s construction and development. Here are some of the people we’ll know.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin (抗疟药物青蒿素), is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovations (创新) in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the country’s development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China’s FAST (Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope 500米口径球面斑电望远镜), the largest radio telescope on the earth, which is ready to receive radio waves in space like alien signals. He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, “the people’s scientist”.
45．________ Chinese people were rewarded by Xi jinping according to the passage.
A．48 B．6 C．36 D．42
46．People of different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except ________.
A．pilots B．artists C．scientists D．foreigners
47．The underlined word in the third paragraph “astronomy” means ________.
A．气象学 B．天文学 C．地质学 D．军事学
48．What do we know about Tu Youyou
A．She won a Nobel Prize 2017.
B．She has saved millions of people around the world.
C．She is the only woman for the Medal of the Republic .
D．She has made traditional Chinese medicine enter all the countries.
49．The main purpose of the passage is ________.
A．to express thanks to national heroes
B．to describe how to get the national honorary titles
C．to tell readers what makes a good role model
D．to introduce some of the people who won national awards
【答案】45．D 46．A 47．B 48．B 49．A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻类阅读,主要介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为代表的科学家、教育家、艺术家等对国家的建设和发展做出了巨大贡献,他们被授予共和国奖章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉等称号,他们是时代的伟人,是民族的英雄.
45．细节理解题.根据“President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and National Honorary Titles”可知,国家主席习近平向42人授予共和国勋章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉称号.故选D.
46．细节理解题.根据“They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and 6 non-Chinese people.”可知,文中提到了科学家、立法者、教育家、艺术家、劳模和6位非华裔人士,唯独没有提到飞行员.故选A.
47．细节理解题.根据“She has saved millions of lives worldwide.”可知,屠呦呦拯救了全世界数百万人的生命.故选B.
48．词句猜测题.根据“Nan Rendong…(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope 500米口径球面斑电望远镜), the largest radio telescope on the earth”可知,南仁东领导研制了世界上最大的射电望远镜,故他对中国天文学作了巨大的贡献,故划线部分astronomy意为“天文学”.故选B.
49．主旨大意题.根据“Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.”可知,本文介绍了为中国的建设和发展做出了巨大贡献的科学家、教育家等时代的伟人,意在表达对这些民族英雄的感谢.故选A.
In the fight against COVID-19, many national heroes have become well-known to the public. On August 11, 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping commended(表彰)four of them for their outstanding contribution(杰出的贡献).
Zhong Nanshan was given the Medal of the Republic(共和国勋章). He has been leading the Chinese government’s efforts in the fight against COVID-19. The old expert got a result that COVID-19 could be spread between humans.
“The People’s Hero”was given to three others. They are Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei.
Zhang Boli is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expert. He has been in charge of(负责) the research of COVID-19 treatments(治疗)connecting TCM with Western medicine.
Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an illness in 2018. However, he chose to stay with his partners in Wuhan to save lives.
Chen Wei is a professor. She has made great achievements in the research on COVID-19. She is also one of the key leaders in China’s Ebola vaccine(埃博拉疫苗)research.
The purpose of giving the nation’s top honors to these people was to show the great courage and the spirit of working together of the Chinese people.
50．How many people was given “The People’s Hero” by Chinese President Xi Jinping
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
51．Who got an illness in 2018 according to the passage
A．Zhang Dingyu. B．Zhang Boli. C．Zhong Nanshan.
52．What was the purpose of giving the nation’s top honors to these people
A．To make them become well-known to the public.
B．To encourage more people to be doctors.
C．To show the great courage and the spirit of working together of the Chinese people.
【答案】50．B 51．A 52．C
【导语】本文介绍了在与新冠肺炎的战斗中,涌现出了许多民族英雄,其中四位杰出的贡献者受到了国家主席的表彰.
50．细节理解题.根据“The People’s Hero was given to three others.”可知,“人民英雄”的称号送给另外三个人.故选B.
51．细节理解题.根据“Zhang Dingyu was the head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital in 2020. He got an illness in 2018.”可知,张定于在2018年生病了.故选A.
52．细节理解题.根据“The purpose of giving the nation’s top honors to these people was to show the great courage and the spirit of working together of the Chinese people.”可知,把国家最高荣誉给这些人的目的是展现了中国人民的伟大勇气和同舟共济的精神.故选C.
“Pure love, only for the country”—this is a sentence from the diary of Chen Xiangrong, a 19-year-old Chinese soldier who was stationed at the border of Galwan Valley. Unfortunately, Chen died during a border clash(边境冲突)between Chinese and Indian troops in June 2020.
Last June, Indian soldiers illegally crossed to the Chinese side of the Galwan Valley and set up tents, which forced the Chinese troops to react, Xinhua said.
Regimental commander Qi Fabao, 41, led several of his soldiers to negotiate(协商)with the Indian side. However, they were then attacked by Indian soldiers with steel pipes and rocks. Chen Hongjun, 33, Chen Xiangrong, 19, Wang Zhuoran, 24 and Xiao Siyuan, 24, died during the clash. Qi was the only one left alive, but was seriously injured.
It was the first time the Chinese military has made public the number of deaths, the names of the fallen soldiers and details since the clash happened. According to Defense Ministry spokesman Wu Qian, responsibility for the Galwan Valley clash falls on India.
On Feb. 19, the Central Military Commission(CMC)honored the two officers and three soldiers for defending the border. Four of them received awards after death. The awards include honorary titles and first-class merit.
In China, an honorary title is the highest award given to a service member in military. A first-class merit is second-highest.
The country has also offered pensions(抚恤金)to the four martyrs’ families. A team will stay in touch with the family members and help them if needed. The martyrs’ children will also get extra points on the gaokao.
53．Pure love, only for the country comes from ________.
A．a book of Chen Xiangrong B．a diary of Chen Xiangrong
C．a book of Qi Fabao D．a diary of Qi Fabao
54．________was badly wounded during the border clash.
A．Chen Hongjun B．Wang Zhuora C．Qi Fabao D．Xiao Siyuan
55．The border clash happened because ________.
A．a Chinese soldier died B．Indian soldiers lost many tents
C．Chinese troops were training in the valley D．Indian soldiers illegally crossed the border
56．What did the Chinese soldiers plan to do at first
A．Fight the Indian soldiers with rocks. B．Make the clash public.
C．Deal with the clash peacefully. D．Help injured Indian soldiers.
57．What do we know from the last three paragraphs
A．China has shown great respect for the four martyrs.
B．The four martyrs had received honorary titles before death.
C．The martyrs’ families received donations from around the country.
D．The martyrs’ children can go to any of China’s top universities.
【答案】53．B 54．C 55．D 56．C 57．A
【分析】本文讲述了加勒万河谷中印冲突及在冲突中牺牲的中国四位战士,国家对四位战士进行了表彰以及对四位烈士家属的待遇.
53．细节理解题.根据第一段第一句““Pure love, only for the country”—this is a sentence from the diary of Chen Xiangrong,…”可知,“Pure love, only for the country”这句话来自陈向荣的日记;故选B.
54．细节理解题.根据第3段最后一句“Qi was the only one left alive, but was seriously injured.”可知齐法宝在边境冲突中受了重伤.故选C.
55．细节理解题.根据第2段“Last June, Indian soldiers illegally crossed to the Chinese side of the Galwan Valley and set up tents, which forced the Chinese troops to react, Xinhua said.”可知,边境冲突发生是因为印度士兵非法越境.故选D.
56．细节理解题.根据第3段第1句“Regimental commander Qi Fabao, 41, led several of his soldiers to negotiate(协商)with the Indian side.”可知,中国士兵一开始打算和平处理冲突.故选C.
57．主旨大意题.最后三段讲述了中央军委对中印冲突中牺牲的官兵进行表彰以及对四烈士家属的待遇.表明了中国对这四位烈士表示了极大的敬意.故选A.
In Cixi, Zhejiang Province, every family was enjoying the May Day holiday. A middle-aged man put down his chopsticks and went out with a tool bag, leaving his wife at home. He is Qian Haijun who won the title of “Model of the Times (时代楷模)” on May 6th 2022.
Qian Haijun is a worker who deals with electric problems. In the past 23 years, he has spent all his spare time in helping a number of families with electricity. Qian Haijun has made 500 cards with his name and telephone number and handed them out so that people would know who to call when a problem comes. He answers every call at any time and values them very much. He also pays much attention to the group of elderly people over 60 who live on their own. He realizes that the elderly need companionship (陪伴) more than anything else. Over the past few years, he has become the “good son” of more than 100 elderly people.
His stories were made into a mini movie, and even the Ningbo and Cixi Volunteer Service Centers are named after him. Under his leadership, more than 1,200 volunteers have joined the project for the disabled (残疾的). And they have provided help more than 30,000 times.
“I am a common people. I will never think about stopping offering help to people in need, and I will try my best to bring beauty to the world,” he said.
62．What is Qian Haijun’s job
A．A driver. B．A worker. C．A policeman. D．A doctor.
63．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The problems. B．The phone calls. C．His name cards. D．The mini movies.
64．Who does Qian pay much attention to according to the passage
A．People over 60 who are homeless. B．People over 60 without children.
C．People over 60 who live alone. D．People over 60 who are seriously ill.
65．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The problem that Qian Haijun has solved.
B．The mini movie of Qian Haijun’s story.
C．The introduction of two volunteer service centers.
D．The influence of Qian Haijun has brought to others.
66．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To tell us to help others. B．To let us pay more attention to the old.
C．To lead us to solve problems by ourselves. D．To show us how to use electricity properly.
【答案】62．B 63．C 64．C 65．D 66．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了“时代楷模”钱海军的故事.
62．细节理解题.根据“Qian Haijun is a worker who deals with electric problems.”可知,钱海军是一名电工.故选B.
63．词句猜测题.根据“Qian Haijun has made 500 cards with his name and telephone number and handed them out so that people would know who to call when a problem comes.”可知,钱海军做了500张卡片,上面有他的名字和电话号码,并分发出去,这样人们就知道有问题时该给谁打电话.them指代的是他的名片.故选C.
64．细节理解题.根据“He also pays much attention to the group of elderly people over 60 who live on their own.”可知,钱海军很重视60岁以上独居的人.故选C.
65．主旨大意题.根据细读第三段可知,第三段主要讲钱海军给别人带来的影响.故选D.
66．主旨大意题.根据通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了“时代楷模”钱海军的故事.这是为了告诉我们要帮助别人.故选A.