(共25张PPT)
新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空分析
临朐中学
CONTENTS
1
2
3
理论指导
试题分析
教学建议
理论指导
注重考查考生对英语词法、句法以及语篇知识的掌握运用情况。要求在正确理解语篇主旨大意的基础上,重点关注具体语境中不同词语、句子与整个篇章结构之间的联系。
《中国考试》教育部教育考试院 2023英语学科高考命题原则
坚持“方向是核心,平稳是关键”,以新课标为纲,注重对核心素养的考查,突出考查语篇意识、语言综合运用能力和思辨能力,特别是真实语境中发现问题、解决问题的能力。
通过考查批判性思维和辩证思维的高阶思维能力,引导学生增强思维的逻辑性、批判性和创新性。
完形填空
一
一
思维品质四个层面 及 完形填空具体考察方式
一词多义
词汇外延内涵
文化差异
逻辑推理
熟词生义
派生词
生活常识
整体语篇
辨识与分类
分析与推断
批判与创新
概括与建构
理论指导
近3年新高考I卷完形填空主题&话题
试卷 名称 考试 年份 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 篇章
词数
新高考 Ⅰ卷 2023 记叙文 人与自我 越野赛跑 226
2022 记叙文 人与自我 家庭野 营奇遇 238
2021 记叙文 人与社会 假期打 工经历 210
文体【记叙文】
试题分析
二
试卷 名称 考试 年份
实词 虚词
动词 名词 形容词 副词 介词 连词
新高考 Ⅰ卷 2023 5 8 2 0 0 0
2022 5 5 3 1 1 0
2021 9 4 2 0 0 0
近3年新高考I卷完形填空考点分布
始终聚焦: 动词&名词
今年新特点:名词>动词
试题分析
二
完形策略
解题步骤
解题技巧
1. 读各段首句和尾句,了解文章大意
2. 瞻前顾后 先易后难
3. 回文阅读 查漏补缺
逻辑推理
同词复现
固定搭配
背景知识
上下文暗示
原词复现、近(反)义词复现、派生词复现
俗语或短语的固定用法
文化背景知识以及生活常识
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,属于“人与自我”主题语境范畴。文章主要讲述了一个跑步运动员放弃自己赢得比赛的机会,背着受伤的对手冲过终点线的故事,充分体现了人性的善良。
2023年完形填空
文章来源: 选自体育网站Kens5, 这篇文章原文发表于2014年10月18日,标题为
unner carries injured competitor over finish line。
【1】On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
【2】As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
【3】Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
【4】As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
【5】Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
首段点题:越野赛跑运动员在比赛中将受伤的运动员背至终点就医。
事件的结果
事件的过程
事件的评价
Step 1: 读各段首句和尾句,了解文章大意
【1】On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
41. A. designed B. followed C. changed
42. B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate
联系上下文
finished the course 完成比赛
D. finished
A. delay
D. competitor
解析:根据第一段上下文可知,Melanie Bailey要不是因为背着和自己同时参赛的“43. 竞争者”一起穿过终点线本可以早点41. 完成比赛,结果因此还“42. 推迟了”到达终点的时间。在“比赛”进行到3三分之二的路程时,她发现了前面的跑步者在痛苦地叫喊。选race
延迟
机会
麻烦
借口
裁判员
志愿者
同班同学
竞争者
Step 2: 瞻前顾后 先易后难
44. B. school C. town D. training
A. race
解题技巧:原词复现
【2】As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She
45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
【3】Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees....
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside
48. B. public C. constant D. equal
medical attention 医疗关注
47. 根据下文let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line可推知,Bailey弯下腰让 Lenoue爬到自己的背上。选bent down。
48. 根据下文Once there, Lenoue was .... and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. 可推知,Bailey背着Lenoue走到了可以得到医药救助的地方。选medical。
弯腰
Step 2: 瞻前顾后 先易后难
D. bent down
A. medical
解题技巧:生活常识
【3】Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
49. A. interrupted C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger C. cold D. tiredness
49. 根据本句后半句where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees可推知,Lenoue在被送去医院之前做了伤情评估。选assessed。
50. 根据上文where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees可推知,要是没有Bailey的帮助,她就得带着极度的疼痛挣扎到援助救助站。选pain。
评估
Step 2: 瞻前顾后 先易后难
B. assessed
B. pain
【4】As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,”Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
51. A. worried B. ashamed D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson
53. B. cure C. bother D. understand
解析:根据本段末句I feel like I was just doing the right thing.可推知,Bailey面对采访感到很困惑为什么大家都认为她做了一件大事,而她觉得自己只是做了对的事情而已,“她当时正在哭,我不能把她留在那儿不管”。
Step 2: 瞻前顾后 先易后难
困惑的
a big deal 大事情
C. confused
D. deal
A. leave
解题技巧:上下文暗示
完形填空会保留原汁原味的英文,了解英美文化和“跨文化意识”有助于对文章的深层理解,体现英语学科核心素养的文化意识。
美国“福布斯”杂志在公布400名家产几十亿美国富翁名单“It’s a big deal that it’s all billionaires”(名单上全是家产几十亿的富翁真是了不得),了解过这个文化常识,52题选deal就是轻而易举的事情。另外,47题C. step aside(让位、靠边站) D. bend down(弯腰)都是非常地道的表达。
本文是一篇记叙文,属于“人与自我”主题语境范畴。文章主要讲述了作者回忆两次和家人一起露营的经历,虽然很惊险,但最后都平安度过危机,因此一家人很享受一起露营所带来的未知的乐趣和冒险。
2022年完形填空
文章来源:
http://www./camp-styles73/1313-reflections-of-family-camping-trips
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 -he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 53 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
Topic
Step 1: 读各段首句和尾句,了解文章大意
首段点题
两次露营经历
期待下一次的旅行
解题技巧: 寻找关键信息,找出相同或同义单词。
同义或同词复现
I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years…Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek.
42 . A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
平行 因果 转折
解释 举例
注意连词
逻辑关系
解题技巧
I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 uncomfortable , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
解题技巧:多记高频词汇,总结其用法并注意熟词生义
词义辨析
The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip.
47. A. signed up(报名) B. calmed down(冷静下来)
C. checked out(结账离开) D. headed off(出发)
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
以2023年为例,部分题目得分率低于70%
根据学情调研,学生出错的原因如下:
1. 存在汉式思维,主观意志参与其中。
2. 词汇量少,有些词汇看似熟悉,却不知道意思。比如49题B.assess
3. 不了解文化背景与生活常识,a big deal。
4. 单词意思记忆片面,忽略一词多义现象。
教学建议
三
教学建议
(一)精选语篇材料
语篇要以“人与社会”与“人与自我”主题语境为主,体裁以记叙文为主,兼顾夹叙夹议文、议论文、说明文,通过恰当的选材,熟悉语篇结构,根据句内层次、句间层次和语篇层次,通过对文章总体框架的理解和思辨能力,破解问题。诵读一些地道的英文美篇和经典文章,对英语语言知识、思维品质、文化意识等学科素养进行渗透。
1.根据构词法猜测词义
campfire
campground
camping
campsite
camp 家族
camper
野营地
野营者;露营者
篝火
野营地
n.露营,野营
camp n.营地 v.扎营
Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
camper van 野营车
2.一词多义,根据语境猜测词语
A:捡起、拿起;B接电话;C增强,变大;D慢慢站起来(爬起来);
E(开车)接人;F 学会;
A:捡起、拿起;
E(开车)接人
B接电话
F 学会
D慢慢站起来(爬起来)
C(风)增强,变大
8.experience v/n.经历→ 有经验的adj. ______________
9.relief n.缓解→ v. 缓解,减轻______________
10.annoy v.使恼怒→ adj. 恼怒的__________→ adj. 令人恼火的________
12. disappoint v.→adj.感到失望的______________→adj.令人失望的失望的______________→ n.失望______________
13.doubt v.怀疑→ adj.怀疑的______________
3.高频词汇词性转换
1.memory 记忆n.→ v.记住 ________→ adj.难忘的,值得纪念的 ________
2.comfortable adj.→ n./v.安慰__________→adj.不舒服的 _________
3.patient 耐心的 adj→ n.耐心__________→adj. 不耐烦的 ___________
4.discover v.发现→ n.发现_________________
5.interrupt 打断,打扰v.→ n. 打断_________________
6.fail 失败v.→ n.失败____________
7.complete v.完成→ n.完成______________
memorize
comfort
uncomfortable
patience
impatient
discovery
interruption
failure
completion
experiened
relieve
annoyed
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
doubtful
memorable
annoying
4.提高逻辑理解能力。重视对上下文语境的理解,以及上下文逻辑关系的分析,要读懂读透文章,理解上下文语境,将词语与语境相结合,理解出题人设计的教育意义。根据题目的不同,结合常识、文化背景、词汇复现等技巧合理推断句中、句间、段内逻辑关系。
5.养成良好的阅读习惯,培养熟练的阅读技巧。阅读时要控制时间,并着眼于对整句的理解、整段的把握。切忌遇到生词就查词典,这样会影响阅读速度。
6.注意分析错题,避免出现类似的错误。每做完一篇完形填空之后,都应对所错之处进行分析,总结出错的原因,找出正确的解题思路,以逐步养成良好的解题习惯。
Thanks!