Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化重要语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用过去将来时。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. vt.使可能;使能够→ adj.能够的→ n. 能力
2. n.方便;便利→ adj.方便的
3. n.效应;影响→ vt.影响
4. adj.上瘾的;沉迷的→ vt.对……着迷 n.对……入迷的人
5. n.建议;提议;推荐→ vt.建议
6. vt.探究;探讨;探索→ n.探究;探索
7. n.多样化;变化→ v.变化
8. n.身份;特征→ v.确认(身份);认出
9. n.创造力;独创性→ vt.创造
10. adv.显而易见地;明显地→ adj.明显的
答案 1.enable; able; ability 2.convenience; convenient 3.effect; affect 4.addicted; addict
5.recommendation; recommend 6.explore;
exploration 7.variety; vary 8.identity; identify
9.creativity; create 10.obviously; obvious
构词规律
en-+adj.→v. v.+-ation→n.
enlarge v.使扩大 enrich v.充实;使丰富 exploration n.探索 recommendation n.建议
Step 2 短语记诵
1.be addicted to
2.a variety of
3.instant messenger
答案 1.沉迷 2.各种各样的 3.即时通信
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like.(what引导宾语从句)
翻译 他们还尝试了一些事物,比如不同的发型,这也许很能说明他们想要看起来什么样子。
仿写 Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from a few years ago.
我们的家乡变化很大,它现在的样子与数年前(的样子)完全不同。
2.Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.(“so...that...”句式)
翻译 一些网民担心自己在虚拟世界里沉溺太久,以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人交往。
仿写 When the fans saw Fan Zhendong,they got they cried out.
当球迷们看到樊振东的时候,他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。
答案 1.what it used to be 2.so excited that
【合作探究】
新知探究
(仅供教师参考)
When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.(1)
当你在线时,你可以是任何人或任何事物。你可以创造自己的形象和一种新的个性。这些被称为虚拟形象的数字身份是人们如何使用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
【助读点拨】
(1)句中的known as avatars为动词-ed形式作后置定语,修饰identities;how引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语。
The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats.
When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.(2)They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar:a sensible one for work;a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people;and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity.
20世纪80年代,角色扮演游戏中出现了第一个简单的二维虚拟形象。但是,几乎没有人想到,虚拟形象在未来居然有如此多样的形式并得到如此广泛的应用。到了20世纪90年代后期,它们已经被应用于网络聊天中。
当人们开始创造自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现他们将有能力创造新的身份,这些新的身份和他们真实的外表或行为完全不同。他们可以给自己的虚拟形象穿上奇装异服,或者试着成为一个异性,称呼自己为“安迪”而不是“安娜”!当网民意识到自己的虚拟形象不但朋友可以看到,而且其他很多人也可以看到时,他们开始使用不止一个虚拟形象:一个朴素实用的虚拟形象用于工作;一个友好的、好看的虚拟形象用于结交朋友;还有一个傻气的虚拟形象用于搞笑。虚拟形象让你表达自己,给你许多的创造空间。
【助读点拨】
(2)when引导时间状语从句,第一个that引导宾语从句,作discovered的宾语;第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词new identities。
Of course, the avatar you choose(3)says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat(4), your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I'm a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like.
当然,你选择的虚拟形象很能体现你的个性。如果你的博客虚拟形象是一张可爱的猫的照片,你传达的信息是“我喜欢放松和玩耍”。著名的卡通人物或大笑的猴子表达的是“我是一个非常有趣的人”。大多数人创造和他们的个性有相似特征的虚拟形象,看起来或多或少像他们,并且表现得像他们。然而,几乎所有的虚拟形象都高大、年轻、漂亮,所以显然,人们使他们的虚拟形象看上去比自己实际生活中的样子更好。他们还尝试了一些事物,比如不同的发型,这也许很能说明他们想要看起来什么样子。
【助读点拨】
(3)此处为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the avatar。
(4)此处是if引导的条件状语从句。
Nowadays, avatars are everywhere. In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images. You can also use avatars that move around and talk when you type in your message. The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes.
如今,虚拟形象无处不在。在大多数网络聊天中,人们从一组现成的图片中选择一个虚拟形象,或者创造自己的形象。你输入信息时也可以使用能移动或说话的虚拟形象。网络世界中的虚拟形象可以聊天、散步、飞行、认识人、购物和上课。
The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns. Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online. However, other users view avatars in a more positive light. They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.
虚拟形象的使用也已经引起了一些担忧。一些网民担心自己在虚拟世界里沉溺太久,以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人交往。使用多个虚拟形象也有风险,因为人们可以使用虚拟形象在网上欺骗他人。然而,其他用户以更积极的眼光来看待虚拟形象。他们期待着有朝一日,自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 convenience n.方便;便利;便利的事物 *convenient adj.方便的;便利的*inconvenient adj.不方便的;不便利的 *inconvenience n.不便;困难
(P6)I love exploring new technologies, because they provide convenience.
我喜欢探索新技术,因为它们提供便利。
知识拓展
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for one's convenience =for the convenience of sb 为了某人的方便
for convenience 为了方便起见
convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店
it is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事
图解释义
Sometimes I eat instant noodles for convenience.
有时为了方便,我会吃泡面。
名师点拨
convenient作表语时,不可用人作主语,要用物作主语或用it充当形式主语。表达“如果你方便的话”和“在你方便的时候”时,要分别用if it is convenient for you和when it is convenient for you。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)These gates are always open the convenience of visitors.
(2)Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply your convenience.
(3)Will it be convenient you to start work tomorrow
(4)To enjoy the (convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
答案 (1)for (2)at (3)for (4)convenience
知识点2 enable vt.使可能;使能够 *able adj.有能力的 *ability n.能力 *disability n.残疾;缺陷 *disabled adj.残疾的;丧失能力的 n.残疾人
(P6)I also like chatting online.It enables people to communicate better.
我也喜欢网上聊天。它使人们能够更好地进行交流。
知识拓展
enable sb to do sth 使某人有能力做某事;使某人能够做某事
enable better communication 使沟通更顺畅
be able to do sth 能够做某事
have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事
经典佳句
The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.
这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Only teamwork will (able)us to get the job done on time.
(2)History enables pupils (learn)about their culture, which helps them understand the society they live in.
(3)While it is expected that students come to university with the (able)to take good care of themselves, this is not always the case.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)His good health .
他的健康使他能够努力工作。
(5)Airplanes great distances rapidly.
飞机使人们能够快速地长途旅行。
(6)The support from the university .来自大学的支持使得教授能够探索新技术。
答案 (1)enable (2)to learn (3)ability
(4)enables him to work hard (5)enable people to travel (6)enabled the professor to explore new technologies
知识点3 effect n.效应;影响;效果 *effective adj.有效的
(牛津词典)Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect on the environment.
现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成负面影响。
知识拓展
come into effect 生效;开始实施
take effect 生效;开始起作用
have an effect on/upon... 对……有影响
side effect 副作用
cause and effect 因果
经典佳句
The medicine is an effective cure for a headache.
这种药治头痛很有效。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)New controls will come effect next month.
(2)Lack of money will have an adverse effect our research program.
(3)One of the most (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·河南郑州一中月考)While online shopping has changed our life, .
虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活,但不是所有的影响都是积极的。
答案 (1)into (2)on/upon (3)effective (4)not all of its effects have been positive
知识点4 addicted adj.对……着迷的;沉迷的 *addict vt.使沉溺;使上瘾 n.有瘾的人;入迷的人 *addiction n.嗜好;上瘾
(P6)Well,too much chatting online makes us addicted to it.
不过,网上聊天太频繁会使我们对它上瘾。
知识拓展
be/become/get addicted to sth/doing sth 沉溺于……;专心做……
addict oneself to sth 沉溺于……
经典佳句
There are millions of people in our country who are addicted to smoking, which is extremely dangerous to public health.
我国有数百万人沉迷于吸烟,这对公众健康危害极大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Now many children addict (them)to computer games.
(2)It doesn't take a long time to become addicted these books.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)很多孩子沉迷于上网,因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。
→Many kids surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
→Many kids surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.
→ , many kids have lost interest in study.
答案 (1)themselves (2)to (3)are/become/get addicted to; addict themselves to; Addicted to surfing the Internet
知识点5 recommendation n.建议;提议;推荐;介绍 *recommend vt.推荐;建议;劝告;介绍
(P99)Do you have any recommendation
你有什么建议吗
知识拓展
recommend sb sth=recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to be/as... 推荐某人当……
recommend that sb (should)do sth 建议某人做某事
图解释义
The owner of the hotel recommended a good restaurant to the tourists.
旅馆老板向游客们推荐了一家不错的餐馆。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it any friend of mine who is going to Beijing.
(2)He recommended us (see) the film Lost in Thailand.
(3)It's strongly recommended that the machine (repair)every year.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·福建厦门二中月考)I would like to the leader of the basketball club.
我想推荐李华为篮球俱乐部的负责人。
答案 (1)to (2)to see (3)(should)be repaired (4)recommend Li Hua to be/as
知识点6 admit vt.& vi.承认 vt. 容许;接纳;容纳 *admission n.承认;许可;门票费;接纳;允许进入
(P99)Well,I admit it.
好吧,我承认。
知识拓展
admit (to) (doing/having done) sth 承认(做)某事
be admitted to/into 被允许进入
admit...as... 接纳……作为……
经典佳句
She cheerfully admitted that she had no experience at all.
她坦然承认了自己毫无经验。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Little Jack admitted (steal) in the shop, promising that he wouldn't do that again.
(2)He studies very hard in order to get himself admitted a key university.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)他承认无证驾驶。
→He admitted without a driving license.
→He admitted without a driving license.
答案 (1)having stolen (2)into/to (3)having driven;that he had driven
知识点7 trick n.骗局;把戏;花招;技巧 vt.欺骗;诱骗;哄骗
(牛津词典)The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher.
孩子们总是戏弄他们的老师。
知识拓展
play a trick/tricks on sb 欺骗/捉弄/戏弄某人
trick sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事
trick sb out of sth 从某人那里骗走某物
经典佳句
Children love to play tricks on Halloween.
孩子们喜欢在万圣节那天搞恶作剧。
名师点拨
表示“玩弄某人;拿某人开玩笑”的短语还有make fun of sb、 play a joke/jokes on sb。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)By tradition, in some countries,people can play tricks each other before noon on April 1, but they'll be foolish if they do it in the afternoon.
(2)Today,a fall guy is a person who is tricked taking the blame for the crime or wrongdoing of someone else.
(3)The old woman was tricked of her golden earrings.
答案 (1)on (2)into (3)out
知识点8 sensible adj.朴素实用的;明智的;合理的;认识到的 *sensibly adv.明智地;得体地
(P9)...they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly,good-looking one for meeting people;and a silly one for having fun.
……他们开始使用不止一个虚拟形象:一个朴素实用的虚拟形象用于工作;一个友好的、好看的虚拟形象用于结交朋友;还有一个傻气的虚拟形象用于搞笑。
知识拓展
be sensible of 意识到;认识到
It's sensible (of sb) to do sth. (某人)做某事是明智的。
behave sensibly 举止得体
经典佳句
The sensible thing is to leave them alone.
别去管他们才是明智的。
Are these shoes sensible for walking
这些鞋便于走路吗
sensible和sensitive的用法区别:
(1)sensible 意为“明智的;理智的”,涉及判断;
She gave me some very sensible advice.
她给了我一些非常合理的建议。
It wasn't very sensible to go out on your own so late at night.
这么晚单独外出是不太明智的。
(2)sensitive意为“敏感的;感觉敏锐的”,涉及反应和洞察力。
This movie may upset a sensitive child.
这部影片可能使敏感的孩子感到难过。
Teachers must be very sensitive to children's needs.
教师必须对孩子的需求非常敏感。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Some plants light. They prefer shade.
有些植物对光敏感。他们更喜欢阴凉处。
(2) keep a note of your passport number.
把你的护照号码记下来是明智的。
(3) your umbrella yesterday.
昨天你带雨伞很明智。
答案 (1)are sensitive to (2)It's sensible to (3)It was very sensible of you to bring
知识点9 selection n.可供选择的事物;选择 *select vt.选择;挑选
(P9)In most web chats,people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images,or create their own images.
在大多数网络聊天中,人们从一组现成的图片中选择一个虚拟形象,或者创造自己的形象。
知识拓展
make a selection 做出选择;进行选拔
selection criteria 挑选标准
the selection process 选拔过程
select sb for sth 挑选某人做某事
select sb/sth as/for...(从……中)选出……作为……
图解释义
Our nursery offers a selection of spring flowers in many different colors.
我们的苗圃里有许多不同颜色的春季花卉可供挑选。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The final team (select)will be made tomorrow.
(2)He hasn't been selected the team.
答案 (1)selection (2)for
知识点10 concern n.担忧;忧虑 vt.与……有关;涉及;使担心 *concerned adj.担心的;关注的;忧虑的 *concerning prep.关于;涉及
(P9)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.
虚拟形象的使用也已经引起了一些担忧。
知识拓展
show concern for 对……表示关心
be concerned about/for 关心/挂念……
be concerned with/in 与……有关/有牵连
as far as I am concerned 就我而言
经典佳句
Besides doing his research work,Professor Lee concerns himself with social work.For example,he is concerned about/for world peace andhuman progress.He also made it clear that his research work should be concerned with the farmers' income.
李教授除了从事研究工作外,还从事社会工作。例如,他关心世界和平和人类进步。他还明确表示,他的研究工作应该与农民的收入相关。
名师点拨
concerned充当前置定语时,意为“关心的;挂念的”;如果表示“有关的”,作定语时要后置。
a concerned father 一位担心的父亲
all the people concerned 所有的相关人员
融会应用
Ⅰ.用concern的适当形式填空
(1)More and more Chinese people are about wildlife conservation and environmental protection.
(2)As far as I am ,parents show too much for the future of their children.In other words,they are too about their children's future.
(3)Many teenagers are interested in the novels the World War Ⅱ.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)As is known to all, her latest documentary (与……有关) unemployment.
(5)I once believed that he (和……有牵连)all those matters you mentioned.
(6) (就我而言), reading English newspapers is of great use.
答案 (1)concerned (2)concerned; concern; concerned (3)concerning (4)is concerned with
(5)was concerned in (6)As far as I am concerned
知识点11 cheat vt.欺骗;欺诈 n.骗子;欺诈行为 *cheater n.骗子;欺诈者
(P9)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.
使用多个虚拟形象也有风险,因为人们可以使用虚拟形象在网上欺骗他人。
知识拓展
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb out of sth 骗取某人某物;阻止某人得到某物
经典佳句
On no occasion should you try to cheat others,for if they find you dishonest,they will never believe you any more.
你在任何场合都不要欺骗别人,因为他们一旦发现你不诚实,就再也不会相信你了。
Many people feel cheated by the local government's refusal to hold a referendum.
由于当地政府拒绝举行公民投票表决,许多人觉得被欺骗了。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The handsome man (试图诱骗学生加入)the illegal organization.
(2)Tom was caught (考试作弊)and was punished by the teacher.
(3)Two young men (骗取了老妇人的项链) and then got away.
答案 (1)tried to cheat the students into joining (2)cheating in the exam
(3)cheated the old lady out of her necklace
知识点12 view vt.查看;观看;把……视为 n.风景;视野;观点;见解
(P9)However,other users view avatars in a more positive light.
然而,其他用户以更积极的眼光来看待虚拟形象。
知识拓展
view...as... 把……看作……
in one's view=from sb's point of view 在某人看来
get/have a good view of 清楚地看到;饱览
come/burst into view 突然出现在眼前
in view 在视野之内;看得见
out of view 看不见;在视野之外
at first view 一见(就……)
in view of 鉴于……
经典佳句
Jane Elizabeth was born in the countryside of England, where the view was amazing.At that time, marrying well is viewed as the only goal for girls. However, Elizabeth's view is different and she loves reading and marries love finally.This is the brief story of Pride and Prejudice,which is viewed as a great work.
简·伊丽莎白出生于英格兰的乡村,那里风景如画。在那个时候,嫁得好被看作是女孩的唯一目标。然而,伊丽莎白有不同的观点。她喜欢读书,最终嫁给了爱情。这就是《傲慢与偏见》的故事简介。这本书被认为是一部伟大的作品。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)We kept the other car view for a while,but then lost sight of it.
(2)Something that I had never seen before burst view.
(3)Imagination is often viewed the key to creativity.
答案 (1)in (2)into (3)as
短 语 句 式
知识点13 a variety of 各种各样的
(P9)Yet,very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.
但是,几乎没有人想到,虚拟形象在未来居然有如此多样的形式并得到如此广泛的应用。
知识拓展
varieties of 各种各样的
the variety of... ……的品种
vary with... 随着……而变化
vary from...to... 在……和……之间变化
图解释义
Here are a variety of pumpkins.
这儿有各种各样的南瓜。
名师点拨
the variety of后面跟名词复数作主语,谓语用单数形式。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)There are (vary)of plants in the forest.
(2)A baby's need for food can vary from day day.
(3)These data have been collected from (vary) sources.
答案 (1)varieties (2)to (3)various
知识点14 instead of代替;作为……的替换;而不是
(P9)They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes,or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”!
他们可以给自己的虚拟形象穿上奇装异服,或者试着成为一个异性,称呼自己为“安迪”而不是“安娜”!
经典佳句
The islanders use a system of barter instead of money.
岛上的居民实行的是以物易物制度,而不是用货币。
Now I can walk to work instead of driving.
现在我可以走路去上班,而不是开车。
名师点拨
(1)instead of意为“代替;作为……的替换;而不是”,为介词短语,其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,也可以接what引导的宾语从句。
(2)instead是副词,意为“代替;顶替”。
Mr Wang is ill.I will take his class instead.
王老师病了,我将代替他上课。
融会应用
Ⅰ.选词填空(instead/instead of)
(1)Jack didn't study law. ,he decided to become an actor.
(2)I want to fly to Beijing taking a train.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
(3)He didn't answer me;instead,he asked me another question.
→He asked me another question answering me.
答案 (1)Instead (2)instead of (3)instead of
知识点15 look forward to期望;盼望
(P9)They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger,more exciting virtual worlds.
他们期待着有朝一日,自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。
知识拓展
look into 往……里看;调查
look out 向外看;当心;小心
look up to 仰视;尊敬;赞赏
look down on/upon 俯视;轻视;看不起
look through 浏览;仔细查看
图解释义
Harry is looking forward to seeing his girlfriend after receiving her reply.
在收到他女朋友的回复后,哈利就一直盼望着见到她。
名师点拨
look forward to 中的to是介词。常见的含有介词to的短语还有:
be/get used to 习惯于
devote...to... 把……专注于……
get down to 着手做
lead to 导致
stick to 坚持
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He was already looking forward to (practise) the new music.
(2)He usually looks newspapers on the sofa in the morning.
(3)All his students look up him because of his unique personalities.
答案 (1)practising (2)through (3)to
知识点16 动词-ed形式作后置定语
(P8)These digital identities,known as avatars,are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.
这些被称为虚拟形象的数字身份是人们如何使用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
知识拓展
句中的known as avatars作后置定语,修饰digital identities,前后都有逗号,其意义相当于一个非限制性定语从句,可改为which are known as avatars。
名师点拨
动词-ed形式作后置定语且前后没有逗号时,其意义相当于一个限制性定语从句。
The ship battered by the storm crept into the harbour.=The ship which/that was battered by the storm crept into the harbour.
被暴风雨击打的那只船慢慢驶入港口。
The concert given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.=The concert which/that was given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.
由该交响乐团举行的音乐会大获成功。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The meeting (hold) last Sunday was a success.
(2)Hangzhou, (know) to the nation for its West Lake,has changed greatly.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
(3)The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.
→The book, , tells the struggle of the miners.(非限制性定语从句)
答案 (1)held (2)known (3)which was written in 1957
知识点17 what引导宾语从句
(P9)They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot,perhaps,about what they want to look like.
他们还尝试了一些事物,比如不同的发型,这也许很能说明他们想要看起来什么样子。
知识拓展
句中的what they want to look like为what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中作宾语。
You can imagine what it would be like driving a car into a brick wall at 30 miles an hour.
你可以想象汽车以每小时30英里的速度撞向一堵砖墙结果会怎样。
名师点拨
what除了可以引导宾语从句外,还可以引导主语从句、表语从句,但不能引导定语从句。
What precisely caused yesterday's riot is still unclear.
究竟是什么引发了昨天的骚乱还不清楚。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I don't know I should buy for Father's Day.
(2)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)They don't know .
他们不知道发生了什么。
(4)You can't imagine
.
你无法想象他10年前是个什么样的人。
(5)I don't know
.
我不知道他喜欢读什么书。
答案 (1)what (2)what (3)what happened
(4)what he was like ten years ago (5)what books he likes reading
知识点18 so...that...引导结果状语从句
(P9)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
一些网民担心自己在虚拟世界里沉溺太久,以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人交往。
知识拓展
(1)so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。其常见形式为:
so+
He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation.
他太傻了,以至于接受了她的邀请。
It is so good a camping spot that I'd like to go there again.
这个露营地点太好了,以至于我想再去一次。
There were so few guests that the host felt sad.
宾客太少了,以至于主人感到伤心。
(2)such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,其常见形式为:
such++that...
It is such a heavy box that I can't lift it.
这个箱子如此重以至于我搬不起来。
It was such fine weather that they all went swimming.
天气这么好,以至于他们都去游泳了。
They are such lovely children that we all love them.
这些孩子非常可爱,以至于我们都喜欢他们。
名师点拨
当“so+形容词/副词”放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.选词填空(so/such)
(1)But the look on her face is mad that I think she might hit me if I open my mouth.
(2)It was a hot day that nobody wanted to go out.
(3)I have made rapid progress in English that my parents are proud of me.
(4)You can't imagine little birds can eat many insects in a short time.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5) that you can never imagine what it will be like tomorrow.
这个城市发展得如此之快,你永远想象不到它明天会是什么样子。
答案 (1)so (2)such (3)such (4)such; so; such (5)So fast is the city developing/The city is developing so fast
语法探究
过去将来时
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的时态。
1.He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.
2.They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.
3.I wish I would go with him to the cinema tonight.
4.I was told that he was going to return home.
5.He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.
我的发现
过去将来时是由“ ”或“ ”构成的。
答案 should/would+动词原形; was/were going to+动词原形
探究点1 过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“should/would+动词原形”或“was/were going to+动词原形”的形式。
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
每当我们有困难时,他总会来帮助我们。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard.
老师说,如果不努力学习的话,我就很难取得进步。
We were going to go to the cinema when the phone rang.
我们正要去电影院,这时电话响了。
注意:
(1)条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
(2)was/were going to do表示在过去某一时间打算、计划做某事,但是有可能最终并没有实现。
(3)表示过去的某种习惯性行为,只用would。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Xiao Ming said he (be) happy if Brian (come) to China the next month.
(2)Mr Black was fifty-six. In two years he (be) fifty-eight.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)She hoped that they again someday.
她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。
(4)Last Sunday we ,but it rained.
上周日我们本打算去游览长城,但是下雨了。
答案 (1)would be;came (2)would be (3)would meet (4)were going to visit the Great Wall
探究点2 过去将来时的其他结构
1.“was/were about to +动词原形”表示“正要/即将做某事”;was/were on the point of doing表示“正要……时”。
2.go、come、leave、take off等少数动词(短语)可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况。
3.was/were to do表示“曾计划做某事”。
4.was/were supposed to do和was/were meant to do可以表示“过去计划做但没有做的事”。
I couldn't go to Tom's birthday party as I was about to go to hospital.
我不能参加汤姆的生日派对,因为我要去医院。
He was on the point of leaving when we came in.
我们进来时,他正要离开。
A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks.
有许多人要来看烟花。
She told her mother that she was going to a dance with Tom.
她告诉她母亲,她要和汤姆一起去参加一个舞会。
She said she was to take up the position.
她说她要接任这个职务。
The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
火车本应在半小时之前到达。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Li Lei told us Tom soon.
李雷告诉我们汤姆很快就会到达。
(2)He when the bell rang.
他刚要离开,这时铃响了。
答案 (1)was arriving (2)was about to leave/was on the point of leaving
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Miss Zhang said she (visit) the Great Wall the next summer.
2.She told him that she (not stay) here for long.
3.The scientists said the world's population (slow) down in the future.
4.I wasn't sure whether he (lend) me his book.
5.It was supposed (be) a valuable chance to get promoted, but he missed it.
6.This morning Alice was about (go) out when the door opened and in came some strangers.
7.We decided that we (fly) to Canada the next month.
8.Our teacher said that there (be) an English exam the next week.
9.My aunt (come) to see us and she would be here soon.
答案 1.was visiting/would visit 2.would not stay
3.would slow 4.would lend 5.to be 6.to go
7.were flying 8.was going to be 9.was coming
Ⅱ.选词填空
more than one;at all;more or less;a variety of;become afraid of
1.Sectors in the economy can be viewed in ways.
2.Really I had no business to be there .
3. person has been concerned in this affair.
4.What you have done will be helpful to us.
5.Fears that we don't talk about may make us all things.
答案 1.a variety of 2.at all 3.More than one 4.more or less 5.become afraid of
Ⅲ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
根据下列材料,观察提示词,然后完成一篇英语小作文。
现在(nowadays),各种各样的 (a variety of)即时通信 (instant messenger)正在变得越来越流行,这使人们交流起来非常方便。人们也可以运用虚拟的身份 (virtual identities)在网上自由地表达自己的看法。很显然 (obviously),多元化的选择给人们带来了便利。然而,花哨的 (fancy)网络形象 (image)也欺骗 (trick)了人们。因此,很多人把网络看作(view)是危险的来源 (source)。就我而言 (concern),我们应该把网络当作一个有用的工具,用我们的创造力 (creativity) 使它变得更加合理 (sensible)。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Nowadays,a variety of instant messengers are becoming more and more popular, which makes it very convenient for people to communicate with each other.People can also use virtual identities to freely express themselves online.Obviously, varieties of choices bring convenience to people.However, the fancy images trick people as well.Therefore, many people view the Internet as a source of danger.As far as I'm concerned, we should regard the Internet as a useful tool and make it more sensible with our creativity.
2(共94张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化重要语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用过去将来时。（语言能力）
1._______vt.使可能；使能够→_____ adj.能够的→_______ n. 能力
enable
able
ability
2.____________ n.方便；便利→__________ adj.方便的
convenience
convenient
3.______ n.效应；影响→ ______ vt.影响
effect
affect
4.________ adj.上瘾的；沉迷的→_______ vt.对……着迷 n.对……入迷的人
addicted
addict
5._______________ n.建议；提议；推荐→___________ vt.建议
recommendation
recommend
6.________ vt.探究；探讨；探索→___________ n.探究；探索
explore
exploration
7._______ n.多样化；变化→_____ v.变化
variety
vary
8.________ n.身份；特征→________ v.确认（身份）；认出
identity
identify
9._________ n.创造力；独创性→______vt.创造
creativity
create
10.__________ adv.显而易见地；明显地→________ adj.明显的
obviously
obvious
构词规律
en-+adj.→v. v.+-ation→n.
enlarge v.使扩大 enrich v.充实；使丰富 exploration n.探索
recommendation n.建议
1.be addicted to ______
沉迷
2.a variety of ____________
各种各样的
3.instant messenger __________
即时通信
1.They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps,
about what they want to look like.（what引导宾语从句）
翻译他们还尝试了一些事物，比如不同的发型，这也许很能说明他们想要看起来什么
样子。
仿写Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from
__________________a few years ago.
我们的家乡变化很大,它现在的样子与数年前（的样子）完全不同。
what it used to be
2.Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they
are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.（“so...that...”句式）
翻译一些网民担心自己在虚拟世界里沉溺太久，以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与
人交往。
仿写When the fans saw Fan Zhendong,they got ______________they cried out.
当球迷们看到樊振东的时候,他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。
so excited that
核 心 单 词
知识点1 convenience n.方便；便利；便利的事物＊convenient adj.方便的；便利的＊inconvenient adj.不方便的；不便利的 ＊inconvenience n.不便；困难
（P6）I love exploring new technologies， because they provide convenience.
我喜欢探索新技术，因为它们提供便利。
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for one's convenience =for the convenience of sb 为了某人的方便
for convenience 为了方便起见
convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店
it is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事
Sometimes I eat instant noodles for convenience.
有时为了方便，我会吃泡面。
convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，要用物作主语或用it充当形式主语。表达“如果你方便的话”和“在你方便的时候”时，要分别用if it is convenient for you和when it is convenient for you。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）These gates are always open ____ the convenience of visitors.
for
（2）Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply ___
your convenience.
at
（3）Will it be convenient ____ you to start work tomorrow
for
（4）To enjoy the ____________ （convenient） of digital payment， many senior
citizens started to use smart phones.
convenience
知识点2 enable vt.使可能；使能够＊able adj.有能力的 ＊ability n.能力 ＊disability n.残疾；缺陷 ＊disabled adj.残疾的；丧失能力的 n.残疾人
（P6）I also like chatting online. It enables people to communicate better.
我也喜欢网上聊天。它使人们能够更好地进行交流。
enable sb to do sth 使某人有能力做某事；使某人能够做某事
enable better communication 使沟通更顺畅
be able to do sth 能够做某事
have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事
The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.
这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Only teamwork will_______（able）us to get the job done on time.
enable
（2）History enables pupils________ （learn）about their culture, which helps them
understand the society they live in.
to learn
（3）While it is expected that students come to university with the _______ （able）
to take good care of themselves, this is not always the case.
ability
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）His good health ________________________.
他的健康使他能够努力工作。
enables him to work hard
（5）Airplanes _____________________ great distances rapidly.
飞机使人们能够快速地长途旅行。
enable people to travel
（6）The support from the
university_____________________________________________.来自大学的支持使得教
授能够探索新技术。
enabled the professor to explore new technologies
知识点3 effect n.效应；影响；效果 ＊effective adj.有效的
（牛津词典）Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect on the environment.
现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成负面影响。
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 生效；开始起作用
have an effect on/upon... 对……有影响
side effect 副作用
cause and effect 因果
The medicine is an effective cure for a headache.
这种药治头痛很有效。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）New controls will come _____ effect next month.
into
（2）Lack of money will have an adverse effect ________ our research program.
on/upon
（3）One of the most _________ （effect） ways to reduce stress is to talk about
your feelings with someone you trust.
effective
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·河南郑州一中月考）While online shopping has changed our
life,____________________________________.
虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但不是所有的影响都是积极的。
not all of its effects have been positive
知识点4 addicted adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的＊addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾 n.有瘾的人；入迷的人 ＊addiction n.嗜好；上瘾
（P6）Well，too much chatting online makes us addicted to it.
不过，网上聊天太频繁会使我们对它上瘾。
be/become/get addicted to sth/doing sth 沉溺于……；专心做……
addict oneself to sth 沉溺于……
There are millions of people in our country who are addicted to smoking, which is extremely dangerous to public health.
我国有数百万人沉迷于吸烟，这对公众健康危害极大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Now many children addict ___________（them）to computer games.
themselves
（2）It doesn't take a long time to become addicted ___these books.
to
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）很多孩子沉迷于上网,因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。
→Many kids ________________________surfing the Internet, so they have lost
interest in study.
→Many kids ___________________surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in
study.
→_____________________________, many kids have lost interest in study.
are/become/get addicted to
addict themselves to
Addicted to surfing the Internet
知识点5 recommendation n.建议；提议；推荐；介绍＊recommend vt.推荐；建议；劝告；介绍
（P99）Do you have any recommendation？
你有什么建议吗？
recommend sb sth=recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to be/as... 推荐某人当……
recommend that sb （should）do sth 建议某人做某事
The owner of the hotel recommended a good restaurant to the tourists.
旅馆老板向游客们推荐了一家不错的餐馆。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it ___ any friend of mine who
is going to Beijing.
to
（2）He recommended us _______（see） the film Lost in Thailand.
to see
（3）It's strongly recommended that the machine____________________（repair）
every year.
（should）be repaired
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·福建厦门二中月考）I would like to __________________________the
leader of the basketball club.
我想推荐李华为篮球俱乐部的负责人。
recommend Li Hua to be/as
知识点6 admit vt.& vi.承认 vt. 容许；接纳；容纳＊admission n.承认；许可；门票费；接纳；允许进入
（P99）Well,I admit it.
好吧,我承认。
admit （to） （doing/having done） sth 承认（做）某事
be admitted to/into 被允许进入
admit...as... 接纳……作为……
She cheerfully admitted that she had no experience at all.
她坦然承认了自己毫无经验。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Little Jack admitted _____________ （steal） in the shop， promising that he
wouldn't do that again.
having stolen
（2）He studies very hard in order to get himself admitted _______ a key university.
into/to
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）他承认无证驾驶。
→He admitted _____________ without a driving license.
→He admitted __________________ without a driving license.
having driven
that he had driven
知识点7 trick n.骗局；把戏；花招；技巧 vt.欺骗；诱骗；哄骗
（牛津词典）The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher.
孩子们总是戏弄他们的老师。
play a trick/tricks on sb 欺骗/捉弄/戏弄某人
trick sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事
trick sb out of sth 从某人那里骗走某物
Children love to play tricks on Halloween.
孩子们喜欢在万圣节那天搞恶作剧。
表示“玩弄某人;拿某人开玩笑”的短语还有make fun of sb、 play a joke/jokes on sb。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）By tradition， in some countries，people can play tricks ____ each other before
noon on April 1， but they'll be foolish if they do it in the afternoon.
on
（2）Today，a fall guy is a person who is tricked _____ taking the blame for the
crime or wrongdoing of someone else.
into
（3）The old woman was tricked ____ of her golden earrings.
out
知识点8 sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的；合理的；认识到的＊sensibly adv.明智地；得体地
（P9）...they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly,good-looking one for meeting people;and a silly one for having fun. ……他们开始使用不止一个虚拟形象：一个朴素实用的虚拟形象用于工作;一个友好的、好看的虚拟形象用于结交朋友；还有一个傻气的虚拟形象用于搞笑。
be sensible of 意识到；认识到
It's sensible （of sb） to do sth. （某人）做某事是明智的。
behave sensibly 举止得体
The sensible thing is to leave them alone.
别去管他们才是明智的。
Are these shoes sensible for walking
这些鞋便于走路吗？
sensible和sensitive的用法区别：
（1）sensible 意为“明智的；理智的”，涉及判断；
She gave me some very sensible advice.
她给了我一些非常合理的建议。
It wasn't very sensible to go out on your own so late at night.
这么晚单独外出是不太明智的。
（2）sensitive意为“敏感的；感觉敏锐的”，涉及反应和洞察力。
This movie may upset a sensitive child.
这部影片可能使敏感的孩子感到难过。
Teachers must be very sensitive to children's needs.
教师必须对孩子的需求非常敏感。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Some plants_______________light. They prefer shade.
有些植物对光敏感。他们更喜欢阴凉处。
are sensitive to
（2）______________keep a note of your passport number.
把你的护照号码记下来是明智的。
It's sensible to
（3）_________________________________your umbrella yesterday.
昨天你带雨伞很明智。
It was very sensible of you to bring
知识点9 selection n.可供选择的事物；选择＊select vt.选择；挑选
（P9）In most web chats,people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images,or create their own images.
在大多数网络聊天中,人们从一组现成的图片中选择一个虚拟形象，或者创造自己的形象。
make a selection 做出选择；进行选拔
selection criteria 挑选标准
the selection process 选拔过程
select sb for sth 挑选某人做某事
select sb/sth as/for...（从……中）选出……作为……
Our nursery offers a selection of spring flowers in many different colors.
我们的苗圃里有许多不同颜色的春季花卉可供挑选。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The final team _________（select）will be made tomorrow.
selection
（2）He hasn't been selected____the team.
for
知识点10 concern n.担忧；忧虑 vt.与……有关；涉及；使担心＊concerned adj.担心的；关注的；忧虑的 ＊concerning prep.关于；涉及
（P9）The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.
虚拟形象的使用也已经引起了一些担忧。
show concern for 对……表示关心
be concerned about/for 关心/挂念……
be concerned with/in 与……有关/有牵连
as far as I am concerned 就我而言
Besides doing his research work，Professor Lee concerns himself with social work. For example，he is concerned about/for world peace andhuman progress. He also made it clear that his research work should be concerned with the farmers' income.
李教授除了从事研究工作外，还从事社会工作。例如，他关心世界和平和人类进步。他还明确表示，他的研究工作应该与农民的收入相关。
concerned充当前置定语时,意为“关心的;挂念的”;如果表示“有关的”,作定语时要后置。
a concerned father 一位担心的父亲
all the people concerned 所有的相关人员
融会应用
Ⅰ.用concern的适当形式填空
（1）More and more Chinese people are __________ about wildlife conservation and
environmental protection.
concerned
（2）As far as I am __________,parents show too much ________ for the future of
their children. In other words,they are too __________ about their children's future.
concerned
concern
concerned
（3）Many teenagers are interested in the novels ___________ the World War Ⅱ.
concerning
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）As is known to all, her latest documentary _________________（与……有关）
unemployment.
is concerned with
（5）I once believed that he _________________（和……有牵连）all those matters
you mentioned.
was concerned in
（6）________________________（就我而言）, reading English newspapers is of
great use.
As far as I am concerned
知识点11 cheat vt.欺骗；欺诈 n.骗子；欺诈行为＊cheater n.骗子；欺诈者
（P9）The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.
使用多个虚拟形象也有风险,因为人们可以使用虚拟形象在网上欺骗他人。
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb out of sth 骗取某人某物；阻止某人得到某物
On no occasion should you try to cheat others，for if they find you dishonest，they will never believe you any more.
你在任何场合都不要欺骗别人，因为他们一旦发现你不诚实，就再也不会相信你了。
Many people feel cheated by the local government's refusal to hold a referendum.
由于当地政府拒绝举行公民投票表决，许多人觉得被欺骗了。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The handsome man___________________________________（试图诱骗学生加入）
the illegal organization.
tried to cheat the students into joining
（2）Tom was caught ____________________（考试作弊）and was punished by the
teacher.
cheating in the exam
（3）Two young men _____________________________________（骗取了老妇人的项
链） and then got away.
cheated the old lady out of her necklace
知识点12 view vt.查看；观看；把……视为 n.风景；视野；观点；见解
（P9）However,other users view avatars in a more positive light.
然而,其他用户以更积极的眼光来看待虚拟形象。
view...as... 把……看作……
in one's view=from sb's point of view 在某人看来
get/have a good view of 清楚地看到;饱览
come/burst into view 突然出现在眼前
in view 在视野之内;看得见
out of view 看不见;在视野之外
at first view 一见（就……）
in view of 鉴于……
Jane Elizabeth was born in the countryside of England, where the view was amazing. At that time, marrying well is viewed as the only goal for girls. However， Elizabeth's view is different and she loves reading and marries love finally. This is the brief story of Pride and Prejudice，which is viewed as a great work.
简·伊丽莎白出生于英格兰的乡村,那里风景如画。在那个时候，嫁得好被看作是女孩的唯一目标。然而,伊丽莎白有不同的观点。她喜欢读书,最终嫁给了爱情。这就是《傲慢与偏见》的故事简介。这本书被认为是一部伟大的作品。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）We kept the other car___view for a while，but then lost sight of it.
in
（2）Something that I had never seen before burst _____ view.
into
（3）Imagination is often viewed ___ the key to creativity.
as
短 语 句 式
知识点13 a variety of 各种各样的
（P9）Yet，very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.
但是，几乎没有人想到，虚拟形象在未来居然有如此多样的形式并得到如此广泛的应用。
varieties of 各种各样的
the variety of... ……的品种
vary with... 随着……而变化
vary from...to... 在……和……之间变化
Here are a variety of pumpkins.
这儿有各种各样的南瓜。
the variety of后面跟名词复数作主语，谓语用单数形式。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There are ________（vary）of plants in the forest.
varieties
（2）A baby's need for food can vary from day ___day.
to
（3）These data have been collected from ________（vary） sources.
various
知识点14 instead of代替；作为……的替换；而不是
（P9）They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes,or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”!
他们可以给自己的虚拟形象穿上奇装异服,或者试着成为一个异性,称呼自己为“安迪”而不是“安娜”!
The islanders use a system of barter instead of money.
岛上的居民实行的是以物易物制度，而不是用货币。
Now I can walk to work instead of driving.
现在我可以走路去上班，而不是开车。
（1）instead of意为“代替;作为……的替换；而不是”,为介词短语,其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以接what引导的宾语从句。
（2）instead是副词,意为“代替;顶替”。
Mr Wang is ill. I will take his class instead.
王老师病了,我将代替他上课。
融会应用
Ⅰ.选词填空（instead/instead of）
（1）Jack didn't study law._______,he decided to become an actor.
Instead
（2）I want to fly to Beijing __________taking a train.
instead of
Ⅱ.同义句转换
（3）He didn't answer me;instead,he asked me another question.
→He asked me another question __________answering me.
instead of
知识点15 look forward to期望；盼望
（P9）They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger，more exciting virtual worlds.
他们期待着有朝一日，自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。
look into 往……里看；调查
look out 向外看；当心；小心
look up to 仰视；尊敬；赞赏
look down on/upon 俯视；轻视；看不起
look through 浏览；仔细查看
Harry is looking forward to seeing his girlfriend after receiving her reply.
在收到他女朋友的回复后，哈利就一直盼望着见到她。
look forward to 中的to是介词。常见的含有介词to的短语还有：
be/get used to 习惯于
devote...to... 把……专注于……
get down to 着手做
lead to 导致
stick to 坚持
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He was already looking forward to __________ （practise） the new music.
practising
（2）He usually looks ________ newspapers on the sofa in the morning.
through
（3）All his students look up ___ him because of his unique personalities.
to
知识点16 动词-ed形式作后置定语
（P8）These digital identities，known as avatars,are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.
这些被称为虚拟形象的数字身份是人们如何使用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
句中的known as avatars作后置定语,修饰digital identities，前后都有逗号,其意义相当于一个非限制性定语从句,可改为which are known as avatars。
动词-ed形式作后置定语且前后没有逗号时,其意义相当于一个限制性定语从句。
The ship battered by the storm crept into the harbour.=The ship which/that was battered by the storm crept into the harbour.
被暴风雨击打的那只船慢慢驶入港口。
The concert given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.=The concert which/that was given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.
由该交响乐团举行的音乐会大获成功。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The meeting _____（hold） last Sunday was a success.
held
（2）Hangzhou, _______（know） to the nation for its West Lake,has changed
greatly.
known
Ⅱ.同义句转换
（3）The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.
→The book, _________________________, tells the struggle of the miners.（非限制
性定语从句）
which was written in 1957
知识点17 what引导宾语从句
（P9）They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot，perhaps，about what they want to look like.
他们还尝试了一些事物，比如不同的发型，这也许很能说明他们想要看起来什么样子。
句中的what they want to look like为what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中作宾语。
You can imagine what it would be like driving a car into a brick wall at 30 miles an hour.
你可以想象汽车以每小时30英里的速度撞向一堵砖墙结果会怎样。
what除了可以引导宾语从句外,还可以引导主语从句、表语从句,但不能引导定语从句。
What precisely caused yesterday's riot is still unclear.
究竟是什么引发了昨天的骚乱还不清楚。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I don't know ______ I should buy for Father's Day.
what
（2）Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for ______ Doris Lessing had
achieved in literature.
what
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）They don't know ______________.
他们不知道发生了什么。
what happened
（4）You can't imagine_____________________________.
你无法想象他10年前是个什么样的人。
what he was like ten years ago
（5）I don't know __________________________.
我不知道他喜欢读什么书。
what books he likes reading
知识点18 so...that...引导结果状语从句
（P9）Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
一些网民担心自己在虚拟世界里沉溺太久,以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人交往。
（1）so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。其常见形式为：
so+
adj./adv.+that...
adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that...
many/few/much/little...+n.+that...
He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation.
他太傻了,以至于接受了她的邀请。
It is so good a camping spot that I'd like to go there again.
这个露营地点太好了,以至于我想再去一次。
There were so few guests that the host felt sad.
宾客太少了,以至于主人感到伤心。
（2）such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,其常见形式为:
It is such a heavy box that I can't lift it.
这个箱子如此重以至于我搬不起来。
It was such fine weather that they all went swimming.
天气这么好,以至于他们都去游泳了。
They are such lovely children that we all love them.
这些孩子非常可爱,以至于我们都喜欢他们。
当“so+形容词/副词”放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.选词填空（so/such）
（1）But the look on her face is ____ mad that I think she might hit me if I open
my mouth.
so
（2）It was _____ a hot day that nobody wanted to go out.
such
（3）I have made _____ rapid progress in English that my parents are proud of me.
such
（4）You can't imagine _____ little birds can eat ____ many insects in _____ a
short time.
such
so
such
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）______________________________________________________ that you can
never imagine what it will be like tomorrow.
这个城市发展得如此之快,你永远想象不到它明天会是什么样子。
So fast is the city developing/The city is developing so fast
过去将来时
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的时态。
1.He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.
2.They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.
3.I wish I would go with him to the cinema tonight.
4.I was told that he was going to return home.
5.He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.
过去将来时是由“______________________”或“__________________________”构成的。
should/would+动词原形;
was/were going to+动词原形
探究点1 过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“should/would+动词原形”或“was/were going to+动词原形”的形式。
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
每当我们有困难时,他总会来帮助我们。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard.
老师说,如果不努力学习的话,我就很难取得进步。
We were going to go to the cinema when the phone rang.
我们正要去电影院,这时电话响了。
注意：
（1）条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
（2）was/were going to do表示在过去某一时间打算、计划做某事,但是有可能最终并没有实现。
（3）表示过去的某种习惯性行为,只用would。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Xiao Ming said he__________（be） happy if Brian______（come） to China
the next month.
would be
came
（2）Mr Black was fifty-six. In two years he__________ （be） fifty-eight.
would be
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）She hoped that they ____________again someday.
她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。
would meet
（4）Last Sunday we________________________________，but it rained.
上周日我们本打算去游览长城，但是下雨了。
were going to visit the Great Wall
探究点2 过去将来时的其他结构
1.“was/were about to +动词原形”表示“正要/即将做某事”;was/were on the point of doing表示“正要……时”。
2.go、come、leave、take off等少数动词（短语）可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况。
3.was/were to do表示“曾计划做某事”。
4.was/were supposed to do和was/were meant to do可以表示“过去计划做但没有做的事”。
I couldn't go to Tom's birthday party as I was about to go to hospital.
我不能参加汤姆的生日派对,因为我要去医院。
He was on the point of leaving when we came in.
我们进来时,他正要离开。
A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks.
有许多人要来看烟花。
She told her mother that she was going to a dance with Tom.
她告诉她母亲,她要和汤姆一起去参加一个舞会。
She said she was to take up the position.
她说她要接任这个职务。
The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
火车本应在半小时之前到达。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Li Lei told us Tom____________soon.
李雷告诉我们汤姆很快就会到达。
was arriving
（2）He ___________________________________________ when the bell rang.
他刚要离开，这时铃响了。
was about to leave/was on the point of leaving
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Miss Zhang said she ______________________（visit） the Great Wall the next
summer.
was visiting/would visit
2.She told him that she ______________（not stay） here for long.
would not stay
3.The scientists said the world's population ____________（slow） down in the future.
would slow
4.I wasn't sure whether he ___________（lend） me his book.
would lend
5.It was supposed ______（be） a valuable chance to get promoted, but he missed it.
to be
6.This morning Alice was about ______（go） out when the door opened and in
came some strangers.
to go
7.We decided that we ___________（fly） to Canada the next month.
were flying
8.Our teacher said that there ________________（be） an English exam the next
week.
was going to be
9.My aunt ____________（come） to see us and she would be here soon.
was coming
Ⅱ.选词填空
more than one；at all；more or less；a variety of；become afraid of
1.Sectors in the economy can be viewed in ____________ ways.
a variety of
2.Really I had no business to be there ______.
at all
3.______________ person has been concerned in this affair.
More than one
4.What you have done will ____________ be helpful to us.
more or less
5.Fears that we don't talk about may make us ________________ all things.
become afraid of
Ⅲ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
根据下列材料,观察提示词,然后完成一篇英语小作文。
现在（nowadays）,各种各样的 （a variety of）即时通信 （instant messenger）正在变得越来越流行,这使人们交流起来非常方便。人们也可以运用虚拟的身份 （virtual identities）在网上自由地表达自己的看法。很显然 （obviously）,多元化的选择给人们带来了便利。然而，花哨的 （fancy）网络形象 （image）也欺骗 （trick）了人们。因此,很多人把网络看作（view）是危险的来源 （source）。就我而言 （concern）,我们应该把网络当作一个有用的工具,用我们的创造力 （creativity） 使它变得更加合理 （sensible）。
__
参考范文
Nowadays,a variety of instant messengers are becoming more and more popular, which makes it very convenient for people to communicate with each other. People can also use virtual identities to freely express themselves online. Obviously, varieties of choices bring convenience to people. However, the fancy images trick people as well. Therefore, many people view the Internet as a source of danger. As far as I'm concerned, we should regard the Internet as a useful tool and make it more sensible with our creativity.
