(共91张PPT)
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用关系副词引导的定语从句。（语言能力）
1.________ adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的→________ n.火山
volcanic
volcano
2.________ n.爆发→______ v.爆发
eruption
erupt
3._________ adj.拥挤的； 挤满人的→_______ n.人群；观众；一伙人 v.挤满；塞满
crowded
crowd
4.______ adj.活的；活着的→_____v.住；居住adj.活的；现场直播的
living
live
5.________ vi.&vt.活下来； 幸存→________ n.幸存→________n.幸存者
survive
survival
survivor
6._____adj.潮汐的；潮水的→_____n.潮汐
tidal
tide
7.________ n.神秘事物；难以理解的事物→__________ adj.神秘的
mystery
mysterious
8.__________ adj.受惊的；害怕的→________ v.使惊吓；使惊恐
frightened
frighten
9.________ adj.好奇的→_________ adv.好奇地→_________ n.好奇心；求知欲
curious
curiously
curiosity
10.___________ n.观察；观察结果→________ v.看到；注意到；观察到
observation
observe
11.______ adj.相等的； 相同的→________ adv.平等地；同样地
equal
equally
构词规律
v.+-ation→n. v.+-ed→adj.
observation n.观察；观察结果 adaptation n.改编本；适应 frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的
interested adj.感兴趣的
moved adj.感动的
pleased adj.满意的
1.all at once________
突然间
2.in the direction of ________________
朝着……的方向
3.at great speed______________
以很快的速度
4.equal extent__________
同样面积
5.be shaped like ____________
形状像……
6.pick up____________
（开车）接
7.对……好奇________________
be curious about
8.对……置之不理；对……撒手不管___________________________
turn one's back （on sb/sth）
9.在……边缘；某事快要发生（尤指不好的事）_______________
on the edge of
1.The momentI heard the word I became very frightened.（the moment引导时间状语
从句）
翻译 一听到那个词，我就变得非常害怕。
仿写 He was so sleepy that he fell asleep __________________________.他非常困,以
至于一上床就睡着了。
the moment he went to bed
2.The first， the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...（the+比较级，
the+比较级）
翻译 第一，物体越大，它们的下降速度越快……
仿写 __________________ the car is, _________________it is to handle.
汽车的功率越大,它就越难操控。
The more powerful
the more difficult
3.As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right
decision.（the reason why...is/was that...）
翻译 如你所见，我在这里讲这个故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。
仿写 The reason _________________________we were notified too late.
我们没有去是因为我们太晚得到通知。
why we didn't go was that
核 心 单 词
知识点1 comment n.评论；批评；意见 vi.& vt.表达意见；评论
（牛津词典）I don't feel I can comment on their decision.
我觉得我无法对他们的决定做出评论。
She is reading the comments on her selfie.
她正在看自拍的评论。
No comment！无可奉告！
make comments/a comment on/about...对……做出评论
comment on...对……发表评论
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The teacher often makes comments_________how different the two boys are.
on/about
（2）To enable us to further improve our service, please feel free to make
__________（comment） and suggestions.
comments
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）他是一个直言不讳的人，喜欢对周围的事情发表意见。
→He is an outspoken man and prefers to ____________________________ around
him.
→He is an outspoken man and prefers to _____________________ around him.
make comments on the things
comment on the things
知识点2 crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 ＊crowd n.人群；一伙人 v.聚集；群集
（牛津词典）Never before has a summit had such a crowded agenda.
以前从来没有一次峰会的日程会排得这么满。
be crowded with... 挤满/塞满……
crowd into 挤进；涌入
the crowd 人群；群众
a crowd of=crowds of 一群；许多
The great hall was crowded with audience.
大厅里挤满了观众。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The shop was crowded _____ people.
with
（2）All the passengers crowded _____ a bus.
into
（3）Yesterday the place _____________ （crowd） with skiers.
was crowded
（4）________（crowd） of people poured out into the street.
Crowds
（5）We have a very _________ （crowd） schedule.
crowded
Ⅱ.同义句转换
（6）The audience crowded into the stadium.
→The stadium _________________ audience.
was crowded with
知识点3 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n.震惊 ＊shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 ＊shocking adj.令人震惊的
（P29）The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.
这两名学生对这个关于自然的讲座感到震惊。
a great shock to sb 令某人极为震惊的事
come as a shock to sb 让某人很震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊
To my shock， he refused my offer. When I met him again， I was shocked at his situation.It is shocking that he lost all his possessions in such a short time.
令我震惊的是，他拒绝了我的提议。当我再次见到他时，我对他的处境感到震惊。他在这么短的时间内失去了他所有的财产，真令人震惊。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The news ________（shock） the public, leading to great concern about
students' safety at school.
shocked
（2）The news of his sudden death is so _________ that everyone is very ________
at it.（shock）
shocking
shocked
（3）I was shocked ________ （hear） that he had already resigned.
to hear
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·福建宁德月考）The news of the scientist's sudden death is
_____________________________________________.
那位科学家突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。
so shocking that everyone is terribly shocked at it
知识点4 overuse vt.过度使用；滥用 n.滥用
（P29）They learnt that we overused nature.
他们知道我们过度利用自然。
overuse是由前缀over-加use构成的，前缀over-含有“过度”之意。类似的词还有：
overpopulation 人口过剩
overcooked 煮过头的
overweight 超重的
He also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse.
他还经常访问一个用户们讨论过度使用互联网的网站。
over-作前缀的用法：
（1）表示“过度；过分”，如overwork、 overact。
We don't like the actor because we believe he has overacted in this film.
我们不喜欢这个演员，因为我们认为他在这部电影里的表演过于夸张。
（2）表示“越过；在……之上”，如overlook。
Pretty and comfortable rooms overlook a flower-filled garden.
在漂亮、舒适的房间可以看到一个满是鲜花的花园。
（3）表示“推翻；打倒”，如overthrow。
Can you believe that they want to overthrow the government It's too crazy.
你会相信他们想要推翻政府吗？真是太疯狂了。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Students tend to ____________________.
学生们往往会滥用某些词语。
overuse certain words
（2）The steak is __________________，and the vegetables are a little undercooked.
牛排做得太老了，蔬菜做得有点生。
a little overcooked
知识点5 survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存 ＊survivor n.幸存者 ＊survival n.幸存；幸免
（P30）A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
一个渔夫正努力挺过一场风暴。
survive （from） sth 从……中存活下来/留存下来
survive on sth 靠……存活
survive as sth 作为……继续存在
survive sb by...years 比某人多活……年
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors in the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.
在地震中幸存下来之后，这位老人成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
survive 表示“幸免于难”时,是及物动词,其后不需要加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）A plane crashed yesterday,and there were no _________（survive）.
survivors
（2）Amy's only chance of ________（survive） was a liver transplant.
survival
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）They did not know how they could _____________________（挨过这个寒冷之
夜）.
survive the cold night
（4）He _____________________________（比他的妻子多活了两年）.
survived his wife by two years
知识点6 risk v.使……冒风险（或面临危险）；冒……的风险（或危险）；冒险做 n.危险；风险；危险人物；会带来风险的事物
（P30）One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
有一天,我们兄弟三人正从岛上回来,我们经常冒着风险去那些岛,捕到比别人更多的鱼。
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事
at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险；无论如何
at the risk of 冒……危险
take/run a risk/risks 冒险
take/run the risk of doing sth 冒着做某事的危险
at risk （=in danger） 处于危险之中
The fireman risks his life by rushing into the fire.
消防员冒着生命危险冲进火场。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）To find the lost sheep,he even risked _______（get） caught in a storm,which
was dangerous.
getting
（2）The disease is spreading and all young children are ___ risk.
at
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）（2023·河南驻马店一中月考）We are struggling to change human behaviour
_________________________.
我们正在努力改变人类行为以减少风险和威胁。
to reduce risks and threats
知识点7 frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 ＊frighten vt.使惊恐；使惊吓 ＊frightening adj.令人害怕的
（P31）The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
一听到那个词，我就变得非常害怕。
be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事（表示习惯）
be frightened to do sth 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that... 害怕……
frighten sb/sth away 把……吓跑
She was frightened of falling into the swimming pool.
她害怕掉进游泳池。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）What __________ （frighten） us was that two of our students were lost in the
forest.
frightened
（2）I want to travel to Paris，but I'm frightened _________ （travel） alone.
to travel
（3）You frightened me ___ death，staying out all night!
to
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Mary was ____________________ her family about ___________________,
because it _____________________.
玛丽吓得不敢告诉她的家人那令人害怕的场面， 因为那场面把她吓得要死。
too frightened to tell
the frightening scene
frightened her to death
知识点8 edge n.边缘 v.缓慢地移动
（P31）We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.
我们不停地旋转，离可怕的漩涡边缘越来越近。
at the edge of 在……边缘处
on the edge of 濒于；在……边缘；某事（尤指坏事）快要发生
on edge 紧张不安的
edge towards/along... 朝/沿……缓慢移动
She edged a little closer to me.
她慢慢地向我靠近了一些。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Many new buildings have been put up____the edge of the city.
on
（2）Mary seemed a little____edge when she was on the stage.
on
（3）The little boat ______ （edge） away quietly, while no one was looking.
edged
知识点9 calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 v.使平静 ＊calmly adv.平静地 ＊calmness n.平静
（P31）...I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. ……我感到比当我们朝它移动时更镇静。
keep/remain calm 保持冷静
calm down 平静下来
calm sb/oneself down 使某人（自己）镇静下来
Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.
尽量保持冷静，告诉我出了什么事。
Have some tea；it'll calm your nerves.
喝点茶吧，这会让你神经放松。
calm、quiet、still和silent的用法辨析：
calm “镇静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或者人的心情不激动
quiet “安静的；宁静的”，指无声音、不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑
still “不动的；静止的”，指无动作或运动的状态
silent “寂静的；沉默的；无语的”，指没有声音或不讲话
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He is terribly excited. We must try to calm him ______.
down
（2）The television announcer read the news _______（calm）.
calmly
（3）Do not have a drink or smoke to calm ________（you） down.
yourself
知识点10 curious adj.好奇的 ＊curiosity n.好奇心 ＊curiously adv.好奇地
（P31）After a while，I became curious about the whirlpool itself.
过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。
be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
out of curiosity 出于好奇
meet one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
If a boy is curious, he is always asking questions.
一个好奇的男孩总是会不断地问问题。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Some Chinese students are curious ______ the school life of American students.
about
（2）Out of _________（curious）, the man followed the guide into the hall.
curiosity
（3）The people looked at the strange boy _________（curious）.
curiously
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）The little boy _________________________ he meets with.
这个小男孩对他遇到的每件事都很好奇。
is curious about everything
知识点11 equal adj.相等的；相同的 n.同等的人；相等物 ＊equally adv.同样地；平等地
（P31）...the second, between two objects of equal extent,round objects fell down more rapidly... ……第二,两个相同面积的物体,圆形物体下落得更快……
be equal to 等于；相当于
be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任（做）某事
without equal 无与伦比
of equal value/importance 同等价值/重要性
The weight of the apple is equal to that of the pear.
这个苹果和这个梨一样重。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I don't think Tom is equal to ______ （do） this kind of work.
doing
（2）As far as I'm concerned, men and women must be treated ________ （equal）
in education.
equally
（3）The government should regard nationalities as _______ （equal）.
equals
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·福建福州模拟）Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，
should ___________________.
任何人，无论他是官员还是公交车司机，都应该被平等地尊重。
be equally respected
知识点12 float vi.浮；漂 vt.使漂浮；使漂流 ＊floating adj.流动的；浮动的；不固定的
（P31）So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.
所以我把自己绑在一个木桶上来帮助我漂浮。
float along/down 沿着……漂流
float past 从……漂过
float in/on 在……中/上漂浮
float in the sky 在空中飘浮
float down from 从……飘落
float around 四处飘浮
Wood floats on water.
木头浮在水面上。
The boy floated his toy boat in the shallow water.
那男孩把他的玩具船放在浅水中漂浮。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）A couple of broken branches ___________ （从……漂过） us.
floated past
（2）I looked up at the clouds __________________ （在空中飘浮）.
floating in the sky
（3）Leaves ___________________（轻轻地飘落） from the trees.
floated down gently
（4）The five-star red flags are ______________ （四处飘扬） in the city.
floating around
短 语 句 式
知识点13 turn one's back （on sb/sth） 对……置之不理；对……撒手不管
（P102）Nature got hurt, felt pain, and finally turned its back on us.
大自然受伤了，感觉疼痛，最后对我们置之不理。
turn against 背叛
turn around 转身；好转
turn down 关小；调低（音量）；拒绝
turn in 交出；上交
turn off 关掉；关闭
turn on 打开；发动
turn to 向……求助；转向
turn up 调高（音量）；出现；露面
turn out 结果是；生产；制造
turn over 翻身；翻转
Every time I ask you for help，you turn your back on me. Why
每次我向你求助，你都对我置之不理，为什么？
He turned his back on me and refused to lend me any money when I lost my job.
当我失业时，他对我置之不理，一分钱都不愿意借给我。
融会应用 用适当的介词或副词填空
（1）She didn't answer，and turned her back ____ him.
on
（2）They turn ___ you because they trust you.
to
（3）Her name constantly turns ____ in art circles.
up
（4）At first，they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned ____ to be.
out
知识点14 at...speed 以……的速度
（P31）The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.
船在巨大的漩涡里面，我们以极快的速度原地打转。
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at the speed of light/sound 以光速/音速
at a speed of 以……的速度
speed up （使）加快；加速
The course allows students to progress at their own speed.
本课程允许学生按各自的速度学习。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Once outside the station，the Fuxing high-speed train began to speed ____.
up
（2）A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are
driving ___ high speed.
at
（3）This flight is now heading for Paris at ___ speed of 1,000 kilometres an hour.
a
知识点15 pick up捡起；学会；结识；（用车）接（人）；好转；恢复；收听；购买
（P31）In the end, a boat picked me up.
最后,一艘船把我救了起来。
pick at 挑挑拣拣地吃；挑剔
pick out 挑选；挑出
pick over 仔细挑选
pick through 搜查；搜寻
融会应用 写出下列句子中pick up的含义
（1）You dropped the plate on the floor； now you can pick it up.______
捡起
（2）You can walk or ride one mile or two to the crossroads where the school bus
will pick you up.____________
接（某人）
（3）You'll soon pick up after a day or two in bed.______
恢复
（4）She isn't quick at picking up the language.______
学会
（5）It should have been possible to pick up signals telling us more about the moon
itself.______________
接收（信号）
知识点16 the moment引导时间状语从句
（P31）The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
一听到那个词，我就变得非常害怕。
在本句中，The moment用作连词，引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”,意义上和as soon as相近。有相同用法的还有the minute、the second等。
I'll tell him the news the moment he comes.
他一来我就会告诉他这个消息。
He stood up the moment I called his name.
我一叫他的名字,他就站了起来。
The moment I saw him,I knew that he was angry with me.
我一见到他,就知道他在生我的气。
常用作连词的名词短语还有every time、each time、the first/last time、next time等。
Every time we make mistakes in our homework,he will ask us to correct them.
每次我们在作业中出错,他就会让我们把它们改正过来。
They greet each other each time they meet.
每次见面时，他们都会互相打招呼。
He liked the place the first time he came here.
他第一次来这儿就喜欢上这个地方。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He fell in love with her _______________________________ （一……就……）
he met her.
the moment/the minute/the instant
（2）______________ （第一次） I stepped on the island, I liked it.
The first time
（3）____________________ （每当） I went to his house, he was out.
Every time/Each time
（4）Her back will be painful ___________________ （每当） she is tired.
every time/each time
知识点17 as if 引导方式状语从句
（P31）I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.
我觉得恶心,好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来。
句中as if意为“好像；似乎”,引导方式状语从句,可由as though代替。
（1）as if在seem、look等系动词后可引导表语从句。
It seems as if the boy has lost his way.
那个男孩好像迷路了。
（2）as if引导的从句有语气上的变化:
①as if从句用陈述语气的情况:当说话者认为句子所述的是事实或者是极有可能发生或存在的事实时,从句用陈述语气。
②as if从句用虚拟语气的情况:当说话者认为句子所述的不是事实或者是极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。动词时态的形式如下:
a.如果从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词要用were）；
b.如果从句表示与过去事实相反的情况,谓语动词用“had+done”；
c.如果从句表示与将来事实相反的情况,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
She treats her husband as if he were a stranger.
她待她丈夫如陌生人。
She talks and talks as if she would never stop.
她说了又说,好像永远停不下来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The young man with long hair looks as if he ______ （be） a girl.
were
（2）He acted as though he ___________ （know） nothing about it.
had known
Ⅱ.翻译句子
（3）看起来她好像有点不高兴。
__________________________________
It looks as if she is a little unhappy.
（4）他张开口,像是要说话。
______________________________________________
He opened his mouth as if he was going to speak.
（5）他经常打扮得像来自另一星球的奇异生物。
________________________________________________________________________
He usually dresses himself as if he were a strange creature from another planet.
知识点18 the+比较级，the+比较级
（P31）The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...
第一，物体越大，它们的下降速度越快……
“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，越……”。
“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构中，第一个“the+比较级”相当于一个表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，用一般现在时表示将来。
The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.
你对我们的传统文化了解越多，你就对它越感兴趣。
The higher the temperature is, the faster water turns into steam.
温度越高，水转化为蒸气的速度就越快。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The more you practise, ______________________________.你练习得越多，英语
就说得越好。
the better you will speak English
（2）_________________________________, the less likely he is to answer them
correctly.
问题越难，他回答正确的可能性就越小。
The more difficult the questions are
关系副词引导的定语从句
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
2.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
3.Do you know the reason why he has been late
上述句子中黑体部分的引导词是关系副词,分别在定语从句中充当______、______和
______状语。
时间
地点
原因
探究点1 when引导的定语从句
先行词是指 （1）______的名词,如time、 day、 year、 month、 moment、 week、
hour、 minute等,when在从句中作 （2）__________。
I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。
There comes a time when you have to make a choice.
到了你必须做出抉择的时候。
时间
时间状语
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval， ______ the audience can
buy some cold drinks.
when
（2）The days are gone ______ physical strength was all you needed to make a
living.
when
探究点2 where引导的定语从句
先行词是指 （1）______的名词,如place、 factory、 farm、 station、 town、 meeting
room等,where在从句中作 （2）__________。
当先行词表示 （3）____________或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于（4）
__________的成分时,定语从句用where引导。
After living in Paris for fifty years， he returned to the small town where he grew
up as a child.
在巴黎生活了50年后,他回到了儿时长大的那个小镇。
地点
地点状语
抽象的地点
地点状语
She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.
她在她母亲曾经学习过的那所大学执教。
Today we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.（先行词是cases）
今天,我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当使用语言的很多例子。
He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use.（先行词是job）
他想找一份能充分发挥他的技能的工作。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There comes a point _______ you give up.
where
（2）Lily wrote a letter _______ she explained what had happened in the accident.
where
探究点3 why引导的定语从句
先行词是reason时,定语从句的引导词应根据定语从句缺少的成分而定,如果缺少原因状
语,则用 （1）_____；如果缺少主语或宾语,则用 （2）__________。
We didn't know the reason why he refused our help.
我们不知道他拒绝我们的帮助的原因。
The mother can't accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from
school.
这位母亲不能接受儿子给出的他没上学的理由。
why
that/which
上述三个关系副词在很多情况下都可以用“介词+关系代词”来替换:where=in/at/to...+which；when=in/on/at...+which；why=for+which。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The reason _____ the manager resigned is known to us.
why
（2）That's the reason _____ she refused to go abroad.
why
Ⅰ.用定语从句合并下列句子
1.The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house 10 years ago.
_________________________________________________________________
The house where/in which he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.
2.The school lies in the east of the town. He once studied at the school.
_________________________________________________________________
The school where/at which he once studied lies in the east of the town.
3.Do you remember the days We played together during the days.
____________________________________________________________
Do you remember the days when/during which we played together
4.The time was the happiest for me. At that time I taught at a village school.
______________________________________________________________________
The time when/at which I taught at a village school was the happiest for me.
5.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house. I would be staying in the house.
___________________________________________________________________________
When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house where/in which I would be staying.
6.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister. She
would stay in the center for an hour.
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister， where/in which she would stay for an hour.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.下次你需要点时间来放松自己时，就拿本书读读吧。
Next time you need a bit of time to relax yourself, ________ a book.
pick up
2.生活中最好的想法不会突然进入到你的脑海中。
The best ideas you'll ever have in your life will not strike you ___________.
all at once
3.你哥哥开着他的新车从我身边高速经过。
Your brother passed by me in his new car, driving ______________.
at great speed
4.你可能会对未来生活将是什么样子好奇。
You might ________________ what life will be like in the future.
be curious about
5.一群迷路的人设法找到走出沙漠的路，但最终却在那里兜圈子。
A group of lost people tried to find their way through the desert, but ended up
walking round _________.
in circles
6.所有的青蛙都在一块岩石的边缘排成一排准备跳入水里。
All the frogs line up _______________ a rock to dive.
on the edge of
Ⅲ.语法填空
This is the village 1._______ I was brought up，2._______ is surrounded by
trees and mountains. I still remember the days 3.______ I played with my friends.
We often went to a nearby river， 4._______ we caught fish. But we usually went
home late. That's the reason 5._____ I was often scolded by my parents. Although
there were only three hundred people there， the people enjoyed 6.___________
（them） and got along well 7._____ each other. They worked in the field，
8._______ a variety of crops were planted. The only school 9.____________（locate）
in the centre of the village， from 10._______ many students graduated.
where
which
when
where
why
themselves
with
where
was located
which
Ⅳ.主题活动（选做题）
Look at the following pictures and discuss the following films about seas. What do you think of them Choose one of them and tell your classmates.
参考范文
#b#
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
#b#
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finding Nemo tells the story of clownfish Marlin and his only son, Nemo. Nemo is a clownfish in Chinese. In the sea, Marlin and Nemo lead a safe and quiet life. Like all fathers, Marlin tries to protect his son from being hurt. But Nemo is eager to explore the reef.
One day, Nemo was captured by a cruel man. Then he put Nemo and many other fish in a big tank. After the cowardly father knew it, he went to rescue his son and of course all the animals in the Barrier Reef helped him find his naughty son. By doing so, Marlin overcame his fear and rescued his son.Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用关系副词引导的定语从句。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. adj.火山的;由火山作用引起的→ n.火山
2. n.爆发→ v.爆发
3. adj.拥挤的; 挤满人的→ n.人群;观众;一伙人 v.挤满;塞满
4. adj.活的;活着的→ v.住;居住adj.活的;现场直播的
5. vi.&vt.活下来; 幸存→ n.幸存→ n.幸存者
6. adj.潮汐的;潮水的→ n.潮汐
7. n.神秘事物;难以理解的事物→ adj.神秘的
8. adj.受惊的;害怕的→ v.使惊吓;使惊恐
9. adj.好奇的→ adv.好奇地→ n.好奇心;求知欲
10. n.观察;观察结果→ v.看到;注意到;观察到
11. adj.相等的; 相同的→ adv.平等地;同样地
答案 1.volcanic; volcano 2.eruption; erupt 3.crowded; crowd 4.living; live 5.survive; survival;survivor 6.tidal; tide 7.mystery; mysterious 8.frightened; frighten 9.curious; curiously; curiosity 10.observation; observe 11.equal; equally
构词规律
v.+-ation→n. v.+-ed→adj.
observation n.观察;观察结果 adaptation n.改编本;适应 frightened adj.受惊的;害怕的 interested adj.感兴趣的 moved adj.感动的 pleased adj.满意的
Step 2 短语记诵
1.all at once
2.in the direction of
3.at great speed
4.equal extent
5.be shaped like
6.pick up
7.对……好奇
8.对……置之不理;对……撒手不管
9.在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
答案 1.突然间 2.朝着……的方向 3.以很快的速度 4.同样面积 5.形状像…… 6.(开车)接 7.be curious about 8.turn one's back (on sb/sth) 9.on the edge of
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.(the moment引导时间状语从句)
翻译 一听到那个词,我就变得非常害怕。
仿写 He was so sleepy that he fell asleep .他非常困,以至于一上床就睡着了。
2.The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...(the+比较级,the+比较级)
翻译 第一,物体越大,它们的下降速度越快……
仿写 the car is, it is to handle.
汽车的功率越大,它就越难操控。
3.As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.(the reason why...is/was that...)
翻译 如你所见,我在这里讲这个故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。
仿写 The reason we were notified too late.
我们没有去是因为我们太晚得到通知。
答案 1.the moment he went to bed 2.The more powerful; the more difficult 3.why we didn't go was that
【合作探究】
新知探究
(仅供教师参考)
A SEA STORY
About three years ago, something terrible happened to me.That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. You think I am a very old man—but I am not. It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.
一个海上的故事
大约三年前,我遭遇了一件可怕的事情。那一天,我的身体和灵魂只用了六个小时就支离破碎了!你以为我是个老人——但我不是。不到一天的时间,我的头发从黑变白了。
One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.(1) All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea.My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-strom!” The moment I heard the word(2) I became very frightened.I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.
有一天,我们兄弟三人正从岛上回来,我们经常冒着风险去那些岛,捕到比别人更多的鱼。突然,天空被乌云笼罩,刹那间,我们就被卷入了可怕的风暴中。一个巨浪淹没了我们的船,我弟弟掉进了海里。我哥哥把嘴贴近我的耳朵,大喊“莫斯肯风暴!” 一听到那个词,我就变得非常害怕。我很清楚他说那个词的意思。
【助读点拨】
(1)where引导定语从句,修饰先行词the islands,在从句中作地点状语。
(2)the moment引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”。
With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool.We were hopeless.Nothing could save us.I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. Suddenly, we went over the edge. I thought my life was over.But moment after moment passed, and l was still safe.
The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed. I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool—trees and barrels.After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.I then made three important observations.The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell; the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly.So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.
伴随着风浪,我们朝着漩涡的方向前进。我们很无助。什么也救不了我们。我觉得恶心,好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来。我们不停地旋转,离可怕的漩涡边缘越来越近。这可能看起来奇怪,但就在我们位于漩涡的边缘那一刻,我感到比当我们朝它移动时更镇静。我开始想,以这样的方式死去是多么令人惊奇的一件事,看到大自然的力量是多么奇妙。突然,我们越过了边缘。我以为我的生命结束了,但时间一分一秒地过去了,我仍然安然无恙。
船在巨大的漩涡里,我们以极快的速度原地打转。我清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西——树木和木桶。过了一会儿,我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。然后我观察到了三个重要的现象。第一,物体越大,它们的下落速度越快;第二,两个相同面积的物体,圆形物体下落得更慢;第三,两个同等大小的物体,管状物体下落得更慢。所以我把自己绑在一个木桶上来帮助我漂浮。我努力让我哥哥明白这一点,但他太害怕了,就待在沉重的船里。我毫不犹豫地跳进海里尽力逃生。 As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision(3). Some time after I left the boat, with my brother in it, it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild.Then the sky was clear, the wind calmer, and the moon was shining.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.In the end, a boat picked me up.I was very tired.The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me.When I told them my story, they did not believe it.Now I have told you, and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did.
如你所见,我在这里讲这个故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。在我离开这条船后的一段时间,那条载着哥哥的船被卷入了漩涡底部。不久之后,漩涡变得不那么狂野了。然后天空晴朗,风平浪静,月亮闪耀着。我仍然跟木桶拴在一起,海浪很快把我带到一个其他渔民居住的地方。最后,一艘船把我救了起来。我疲惫万分。渔民是我的老朋友,但他们没能认出我。当我告诉他们我的故事时,他们根本不相信。现在我已经把故事告诉你们了,我并不指望你们能比那些渔民更相信我。
【助读点拨】
(3)why引导定语从句,修饰先行词the reason,在从句中作原因状语;that引导表语从句。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 comment n.评论;批评;意见 vi.& vt.表达意见;评论
(牛津词典)I don't feel I can comment on their decision.
我觉得我无法对他们的决定做出评论。
知识拓展
No comment!无可奉告!
make comments/a comment on/about...对……做出评论
comment on...对……发表评论
图解释义
She is reading the comments on her selfie.
她正在看自拍的评论。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The teacher often makes comments how different the two boys are.
(2)To enable us to further improve our service, please feel free to make (comment) and suggestions.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)他是一个直言不讳的人,喜欢对周围的事情发表意见。
→He is an outspoken man and prefers to around him.
→He is an outspoken man and prefers to around him.
答案 (1)on/about (2)comments (3)make comments on the things;comment on the things
知识点2 crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满人的 *crowd n.人群;一伙人 v.聚集;群集
(牛津词典)Never before has a summit had such a crowded agenda.
以前从来没有一次峰会的日程会排得这么满。
知识拓展
be crowded with... 挤满/塞满……
crowd into 挤进;涌入
the crowd 人群;群众
a crowd of=crowds of 一群;许多
图解释义
The great hall was crowded with audience.
大厅里挤满了观众。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The shop was crowded people.
(2)All the passengers crowded a bus.
(3)Yesterday the place (crowd) with skiers.
(4) (crowd) of people poured out into the street.
(5)We have a very (crowd) schedule.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
(6)The audience crowded into the stadium.
→The stadium audience.
答案 (1)with (2)into (3)was crowded (4)Crowds (5)crowded (6)was crowded with
知识点3 shock vt.使震惊;使难以置信 n.震惊 *shocked adj.震惊的;惊讶的 *shocking adj.令人震惊的
(P29)The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.
这两名学生对这个关于自然的讲座感到震惊。
知识拓展
a great shock to sb 令某人极为震惊的事
come as a shock to sb 让某人很震惊
in shock 震惊;吃惊
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊
经典佳句
To my shock, he refused my offer.When I met him again, I was shocked at his situation.It is shocking that he lost all his possessions in such a short time.
令我震惊的是,他拒绝了我的提议。当我再次见到他时,我对他的处境感到震惊。他在这么短的时间内失去了他所有的财产,真令人震惊。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The news (shock) the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.
(2)The news of his sudden death is so that everyone is very at it.(shock)
(3)I was shocked (hear) that he had already resigned.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·福建宁德月考)The news of the scientist's sudden death is .
那位科学家突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊,以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。
答案 (1)shocked (2)shocking;shocked (3)to hear (4)so shocking that everyone is terribly shocked at it
知识点4 overuse vt.过度使用;滥用 n.滥用
(P29)They learnt that we overused nature.
他们知道我们过度利用自然。
知识拓展
overuse是由前缀over-加use构成的,前缀over-含有“过度”之意。类似的词还有:
overpopulation 人口过剩
overcooked 煮过头的
overweight 超重的
经典佳句
He also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse.
他还经常访问一个用户们讨论过度使用互联网的网站。
名师点拨
over-作前缀的用法:
(1)表示“过度;过分”,如overwork、 overact。
We don't like the actor because we believe he has overacted in this film.
我们不喜欢这个演员,因为我们认为他在这部电影里的表演过于夸张。
(2)表示“越过;在……之上”,如overlook。
Pretty and comfortable rooms overlook a flower-filled garden.
在漂亮、舒适的房间可以看到一个满是鲜花的花园。
(3)表示“推翻;打倒”,如overthrow。
Can you believe that they want to overthrow the government It's too crazy.
你会相信他们想要推翻政府吗 真是太疯狂了。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Students tend to .
学生们往往会滥用某些词语。
(2)The steak is ,
and the vegetables are a little undercooked.
牛排做得太老了,蔬菜做得有点生。
答案 (1)overuse certain words (2)a little overcooked
融会应用
(P30)A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
一个渔夫正努力挺过一场风暴。
知识拓展
survive (from) sth 从……中存活下来/留存下来
survive on sth 靠……存活
survive as sth 作为……继续存在
survive sb by...years 比某人多活……年
经典佳句
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors in the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.
在地震中幸存下来之后,这位老人成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一,他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
名师点拨
survive 表示“幸免于难”时,是及物动词,其后不需要加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)A plane crashed yesterday,and there were no (survive).
(2)Amy's only chance of (survive) was a liver transplant.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)They did not know how they could (挨过这个寒冷之夜).
(4)He (比他的妻子多活了两年).
答案 (1)survivors (2)survival (3)survive the cold night (4)survived his wife by two years
知识点6 risk v.使……冒风险(或面临危险);冒……的风险(或危险);冒险做 n.危险;风险;危险人物;会带来风险的事物
(P30)One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
有一天,我们兄弟三人正从岛上回来,我们经常冒着风险去那些岛,捕到比别人更多的鱼。
知识拓展
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事
at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险;无论如何
at the risk of 冒……危险
take/run a risk/risks 冒险
take/run the risk of doing sth 冒着做某事的危险
at risk (=in danger) 处于危险之中
图解释义
The fireman risks his life by rushing into the fire.
消防员冒着生命危险冲进火场。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)To find the lost sheep,he even risked (get) caught in a storm,which was dangerous.
(2)The disease is spreading and all young children are risk.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)(2023·河南驻马店一中月考)We are struggling to change human behaviour .
我们正在努力改变人类行为以减少风险和威胁。
答案 (1)getting (2)at (3)to reduce risks and threats
知识点7 frightened adj.受惊的;害怕的 *frighten vt.使惊恐;使惊吓 *frightening adj.令人害怕的
(P31)The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
一听到那个词,我就变得非常害怕。
知识拓展
be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事(表示习惯)
be frightened to do sth 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that... 害怕……
frighten sb/sth away 把……吓跑
经典佳句
She was frightened of falling into the swimming pool.
她害怕掉进游泳池。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)What (frighten) us was that two of our students were lost in the forest.
(2)I want to travel to Paris,but I'm frightened (travel) alone.
(3)You frightened me death,staying out all night!
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)Mary was her family about , because it .
玛丽吓得不敢告诉她的家人那令人害怕的场面, 因为那场面把她吓得要死。
答案 (1)frightened (2)to travel (3)to (4)too frightened to tell;the frightening scene;frightened her to death
知识点8 edge n.边缘 v.缓慢地移动
(P31)We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.
我们不停地旋转,离可怕的漩涡边缘越来越近。
知识拓展
at the edge of 在……边缘处
on the edge of 濒于;在……边缘;某事(尤指坏事)快要发生
on edge 紧张不安的
edge towards/along... 朝/沿……缓慢移动
经典佳句
She edged a little closer to me.
她慢慢地向我靠近了一些。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Many new buildings have been put up the edge of the city.
(2)Mary seemed a little edge when she was on the stage.
(3)The little boat (edge) away quietly, while no one was looking.
答案 (1)on (2)on (3)edged
知识点9 calm adj.镇静的;沉着的 v.使平静 *calmly adv.平静地 *calmness n.平静
(P31)...I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.
……我感到比当我们朝它移动时更镇静。
知识拓展
keep/remain calm 保持冷静
calm down 平静下来
calm sb/oneself down 使某人(自己)镇静下来
经典佳句
Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.
尽量保持冷静,告诉我出了什么事。
Have some tea;it'll calm your nerves.
喝点茶吧,这会让你神经放松。
calm、quiet、still和silent的用法辨析:
calm “镇静的;沉着的”,指无风浪或者人的心情不激动
quiet “安静的;宁静的”,指无声音、不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑
still “不动的;静止的”,指无动作或运动的状态
silent “寂静的;沉默的;无语的”,指没有声音或不讲话
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him .
(2)The television announcer read the news (calm).
(3)Do not have a drink or smoke to calm (you) down.
答案 (1)down (2)calmly (3)yourself
知识点10 curious adj.好奇的 *curiosity n.好奇心 *curiously adv.好奇地
(P31)After a while,I became curious about the whirlpool itself.
过了一会儿,我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。
知识拓展
be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
out of curiosity 出于好奇
meet one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
图解释义
If a boy is curious, he is always asking questions.
一个好奇的男孩总是会不断地问问题。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Some Chinese students are curious the school life of American students.
(2)Out of (curious), the man followed the guide into the hall.
(3)The people looked at the strange boy (curious).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)The little boy he meets with.
这个小男孩对他遇到的每件事都很好奇。
答案 (1)about (2)curiosity (3)curiously (4)is curious about everything
知识点11 equal adj.相等的;相同的 n.同等的人;相等物 *equally adv.同样地;平等地
(P31)...the second, between two objects of equal extent,round objects fell down less rapidly...
……第二,两个相同面积的物体,圆形物体下落得更慢……
知识拓展
be equal to 等于;相当于
be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任(做)某事
without equal 无与伦比
of equal value/importance 同等价值/重要性
图解释义
The weight of the apple is equal to that of the pear.
这个苹果和这个梨一样重。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I don't think Tom is equal to (do) this kind of work.
(2)As far as I'm concerned, men and women must be treated (equal) in education.
(3)The government should regard nationalities as (equal).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·福建福州模拟)Anyone,whether he is an official or a bus driver,should .
任何人,无论他是官员还是公交车司机,都应该被平等地尊重。
答案 (1)doing (2)equally (3)equals (4)be equally respected
知识点12 float vi.浮;漂 vt.使漂浮;使漂流 *floating adj.流动的;浮动的;不固定的
(P31)So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.
所以我把自己绑在一个木桶上来帮助我漂浮。
知识拓展
float along/down 沿着……漂流
float past 从……漂过
float in/on 在……中/上漂浮
float in the sky 在空中飘浮
float down from 从……飘落
float around 四处飘浮
经典佳句
Wood floats on water.
木头浮在水面上。
The boy floated his toy boat in the shallow water.
那男孩把他的玩具船放在浅水中漂浮。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)A couple of broken branches (从……漂过) us.
(2)I looked up at the clouds (在空中飘浮).
(3)Leaves (轻轻地飘落) from the trees.
(4)The five-star red flags are (四处飘扬) in the city.
答案 (1)floated past (2)floating in the sky (3)floated down gently (4)floating around
短 语 句 式
知识点13 turn one's back (on sb/sth) 对……置之不理;对……撒手不管
(P102)Nature got hurt, felt pain, and finally turned its back on us.
大自然受伤了,感觉疼痛,最后对我们置之不理。
知识拓展
turn against 背叛
turn around 转身;好转
turn down 关小;调低(音量);拒绝
turn in 交出;上交
turn off 关掉;关闭
turn on 打开;发动
turn to 向……求助;转向
turn up 调高(音量);出现;露面
turn out 结果是;生产;制造
turn over 翻身;翻转
经典佳句
Every time I ask you for help,you turn your back on me.Why
每次我向你求助,你都对我置之不理,为什么
He turned his back on me and refused to lend me any money when I lost my job.
当我失业时,他对我置之不理,一分钱都不愿意借给我。
融会应用
用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)She didn't answer,and turned her back him.
(2)They turn you because they trust you.
(3)Her name constantly turns in art circles.
(4)At first,they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned to be.
答案 (1)on (2)to (3)up (4)out
知识点14 at...speed 以……的速度
(P31)The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.
船在巨大的漩涡里面,我们以极快的速度原地打转。
知识拓展
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at the speed of light/sound 以光速/音速
at a speed of 以……的速度
speed up (使)加快;加速
经典佳句
The course allows students to progress at their own speed.
本课程允许学生按各自的速度学习。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Once outside the station,the Fuxing high-speed train began to speed .
(2)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,especially if you are driving high speed.
(3)This flight is now heading for Paris at speed of 1,000 kilometres an hour.
答案 (1)up (2)at (3)a
知识点15 pick up捡起;学会;结识;(用车)接(人);好转;恢复;收听;购买
(P31)In the end, a boat picked me up.
最后,一艘船把我救了起来。
知识拓展
pick at 挑挑拣拣地吃;挑剔
pick out 挑选;挑出
pick over 仔细挑选
pick through 搜查;搜寻
图解释义
融会应用
写出下列句子中pick up的含义
(1)You dropped the plate on the floor; now you can pick it up.
(2)You can walk or ride one mile or two to the crossroads where the school bus will pick you up.
(3)You'll soon pick up after a day or two in bed.
(4)She isn't quick at picking up the language.
(5)It should have been possible to pick up signals telling us more about the moon itself.
答案 (1)捡起 (2)接(某人) (3)恢复 (4)学会 (5)接收(信号)
知识点16 the moment引导时间状语从句
(P31)The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
一听到那个词,我就变得非常害怕。
知识拓展
在本句中,The moment用作连词,引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”,意义上和as soon as相近。有相同用法的还有the minute、the second等。
I'll tell him the news the moment he comes.
他一来我就会告诉他这个消息。
He stood up the moment I called his name.
我一叫他的名字,他就站了起来。
The moment I saw him,I knew that he was angry with me.
我一见到他,就知道他在生我的气。
名师点拨
常用作连词的名词短语还有every time、each time、the first/last time、next time等。
Every time we make mistakes in our homework,he will ask us to correct them.
每次我们在作业中出错,他就会让我们把它们改正过来。
They greet each other each time they meet.
每次见面时,他们都会互相打招呼。
He liked the place the first time he came here.
他第一次来这儿就喜欢上这个地方。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He fell in love with her (一……就……) he met her.
(2) (第一次) I stepped on the island, I liked it.
(3) (每当) I went to his house, he was out.
(4)Her back will be painful (每当) she is tired.
答案 (1)the moment/the minute/the instant (2)The first time (3)Every time/Each time
(4)every time/each time
知识点17 as if 引导方式状语从句
(P31)I felt sick,as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.
我觉得恶心,好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来。
知识拓展
句中as if意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句,可由as though代替。
(1)as if在seem、look等系动词后可引导表语从句。
It seems as if the boy has lost his way.
那个男孩好像迷路了。
(2)as if引导的从句有语气上的变化:
①as if从句用陈述语气的情况:当说话者认为句子所述的是事实或者是极有可能发生或存在的事实时,从句用陈述语气。
②as if从句用虚拟语气的情况:当说话者认为句子所述的不是事实或者是极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。动词时态的形式如下:
a.如果从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词要用were);
b.如果从句表示与过去事实相反的情况,谓语动词用“had+done”;
c.如果从句表示与将来事实相反的情况,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
She treats her husband as if he were a stranger.
她待她丈夫如陌生人。
She talks and talks as if she would never stop.
她说了又说,好像永远停不下来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The young man with long hair looks as if he (be) a girl.
(2)He acted as though he (know) nothing about it.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
(3)看起来她好像有点不高兴。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4)他张开口,像是要说话。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5)他经常打扮得像来自另一星球的奇异生物。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)were (2)had known (3)It looks as if she is a little unhappy. (4)He opened his mouth as if he was going to speak. (5)He usually dresses himself as if he were a strange creature from another planet.
知识点18 the+比较级,the+比较级
(P31)The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...
第一,物体越大,它们的下降速度越快……
知识拓展
“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……,越……”。
“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构中,第一个“the+比较级”相当于一个表示条件的状语从句,在表示将来意义的情况下,用一般现在时表示将来。
The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.
你对我们的传统文化了解越多,你就对它越感兴趣。
The higher the temperature is, the faster water turns into steam.
温度越高,水转化为蒸气的速度就越快。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The more you practise, .你练习得越多,英语就说得越好。
(2) , the less likely he is to answer them correctly.
问题越难,他回答正确的可能性就越小。
答案 (1)the better you will speak English (2)The more difficult the questions are
语法探究
关系副词引导的定语从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
2.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
3.Do you know the reason why he has been late
我的发现
上述句子中黑体部分的引导词是关系副词,分别在定语从句中充当 、 和 状语。
答案 时间;地点;原因
探究点1 when引导的定语从句
先行词是指 (1) 的名词,如time、 day、 year、 month、 moment、 week、 hour、 minute等,when在从句中作 (2) 。
I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。
There comes a time when you have to make a choice.
到了你必须做出抉择的时候。
答案 (1)时间 (2)时间状语
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy some cold drinks.
(2)The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
答案 (1)when (2)when
探究点2 where引导的定语从句
先行词是指 (1) 的名词,如place、 factory、 farm、 station、 town、 meeting room等,where在从句中作 (2) 。
当先行词表示 (3) 或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于(4) 的成分时,定语从句用where引导。
After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
在巴黎生活了50年后,他回到了儿时长大的那个小镇。
She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.
她在她母亲曾经学习过的那所大学执教。
Today we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)
今天,我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当使用语言的很多例子。
He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use.(先行词是job)
他想找一份能充分发挥他的技能的工作。
答案 (1)地点 (2)地点状语 (3)抽象的地点
(4)地点状语
融会应用
单句填空
(1)There comes a point you give up.
(2)Lily wrote a letter she explained what had happened in the accident.
答案 (1)where (2)where
探究点3 why引导的定语从句
先行词是reason时,定语从句的引导词应根据定语从句缺少的成分而定,如果缺少原因状语,则用 (1) ;如果缺少主语或宾语,则用 (2) 。
We didn't know the reason why he refused our help.
我们不知道他拒绝我们的帮助的原因。
The mother can't accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.
这位母亲不能接受儿子给出的他没上学的理由。
答案 (1)why (2)that/which
名师点拨
上述三个关系副词在很多情况下都可以用“介词+关系代词”来替换:where=in/at/to...+which;when=in/on/at...+which;why=for+which。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The reason the manager resigned is known to us.
(2)That's the reason she refused to go abroad.
答案 (1)why (2)why
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.用定语从句合并下列句子
1.The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house 10 years ago.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.The school lies in the east of the town. He once studied at the school.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Do you remember the days We played together during the days.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.The time was the happiest for me.At that time I taught at a village school.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house.I would be staying in the house.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister.She would stay in the center for an hour.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.The house where/in which he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.
2.The school where/at which he once studied lies in the east of the town.
3.Do you remember the days when/during which we played together
4.The time when/at which I taught at a village school was the happiest for me.
5.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house where/in which I would be staying.
6.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister, where/in which she would stay for an hour.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.下次你需要点时间来放松自己时,就拿本书读读吧。
Next time you need a bit of time to relax yourself, a book.
2.生活中最好的想法不会突然进入到你的脑海中。
The best ideas you'll ever have in your life will not strike you .
3.你哥哥开着他的新车从我身边高速经过。
Your brother passed by me in his new car, driving .
4.你可能会对未来生活将是什么样子好奇。
You might what life will be like in the future.
5.一群迷路的人设法找到走出沙漠的路,但最终却在那里兜圈子。
A group of lost people tried to find their way through the desert, but ended up walking round .
6.所有的青蛙都在一块岩石的边缘排成一排准备跳入水里。
All the frogs line up a rock to dive.
答案 1.pick up 2.all at once 3.at great speed 4.be curious about 5.in circles 6.on the edge of
Ⅲ.语法填空
This is the village 1. I was brought up,2. is surrounded by trees and mountains.I still remember the days 3. I played with my friends.We often went to a nearby river, 4. we caught fish.But we usually went home late.That's the reason 5. I was often scolded by my parents.Although there were only three hundred people there, the people enjoyed 6. (them) and got along well 7. each other.They worked in the field,8. a variety of crops were planted.The only school 9. (locate) in the centre of the village, from10. many students graduated.
答案 1.where 2.which 3.when 4.where 5.why 6.themselves 7.with 8.where 9.was located 10.which
Ⅳ.主题活动(选做题)
Look at the following pictures and discuss the following films about seas.What do you think of them Choose one of them and tell your classmates.
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参考范文
Finding Nemo tells the story of clownfish Marlin and his only son, Nemo. Nemo is a clownfish in Chinese. In the sea, Marlin and Nemo lead a safe and quiet life.Like all fathers, Marlin tries to protect his son from being hurt.But Nemo is eager to explore the reef.
One day, Nemo was captured by a cruel man.Then he put Nemo and many other fish in a big tank.After the cowardly father knew it, he went to rescue his son and of course all the animals in the Barrier Reef helped him find his naughty son. By doing so, Marlin overcame his fear and rescued his son.
导学思路 (仅供教师参考)
将电影《未来水世界》和《海底总动员》作为一个切入点,引导学生了解影片,让学生质疑海洋存在的问题,同时大家一起探究,一步步地分析和解决自己提出的问题。让学生交流有关海洋的一些知识,了解到从古至今,海洋与我们人类的关系就十分密切。同时设计闯关练习,检测学生的探究情况,既有趣又新颖,使学生乐在其中。
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