(共43张PPT)
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
Section Ⅴ Writing
1.通过阅读熟悉英语宣传手册的文体特征,撰写宣传手册时需要包括的基本信息，并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.能够借助已知的关键信息,适当补充辅助信息,写好宣传手册。（语言能力）
宣 传 手 册
宣传手册是用来介绍或宣传某事物的,使用的是说明文文体。它可用来介绍一种产品,说明其样式、用途、用法等,例如说明书或产品的简介材料。它也可宣传某个旅游景点,向游客介绍其风格、特色,从而使游客能够全面了解其服务与风貌,最终达到吸引游客前往光顾的目的。
写宣传手册时应注意:
（1）介绍特色,从而吸引、打动游客。
（2）经过思考后,拟好段落。撰写过程应周密严谨,语言简明易懂。
（3）经检查、修改无误后,编成宣传手册。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.tourist destinations 旅游目的地
2.on holiday 在度假
3.with the development of... 随着……的发展
4.as far as I'm concerned 就我而言
5.play an important role in... 在……方面起重要作用
6.be beneficial to/be of great benefit to 对……非常有益
Ⅱ.话题句式
★精彩开头
1.I want to introduce a wonderful tourist destination to you.
我想向你介绍一处极好的旅游目的地。
2.Do you want to know the basic situation of the Expo Park
你想了解世博园的基本情况吗？
3.Our hotel will provide you with excellent service and make your travel better.
我们酒店将为您提供优质的服务，让您的旅行更加美好。
★正文佳句
1.It is convenient for you to visit all the tourist attractions in our city.
你可以便利地参观我市所有的旅游景点。
2.Our hotel is a six-storey building with 120 rooms.
我们的旅馆是一个拥有120间房的6层建筑。
3.On entering the park，you will be attracted by the colorful buildings with special shapes and decorations.
一进入公园，你就会被五颜六色的建筑所吸引，这些建筑有着特殊的形状和装饰。
★余味结尾
1.I hope I can make a good impression on you and make your trip convenient.
希望我能给你留下一个好印象，给你的旅行带来便利。
2.Thank you for your presence and we look forward to your next visit.
感谢您的入住，我们期待您下次光临。
3.I hope you can give us valuable advice so that we can provide better service in the future.
希望您能给我们提供宝贵的意见，以便我们在今后能提供更加优质的服务。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
近几年全球地震频发,所以在地震发生时如何保护自己便成了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to Survive an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。主要内容包括：
1.地震来临时请不要惊慌,如果在室外请远离树木、建筑物等物体；
2.如果在室内,要尽量躲在坚固家具的下面，并且注意保护好头部；
3.千万不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 指导类说明文
时态 以一般现在时为主
主题 自然灾害防范
人称 以第二人称为主
结构 第一段：描述题目要求中所提到的事件,引出话题；
第二段：主体部分,说明在地震发生时如何保护自己；
第三段：总结概括全文
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
（1）造成重大损失 _______________________
cause significant damage
（2）保持安全 __________
keep safe
（3）指导方针 _________
guideline
（4）保持冷静 __________
keep calm
（5）进入开阔地带 ____________________
get into an open area
（6）远离 _______________
stay away from
（7）转移到安全的地方 ____________________
move to a safe place
（8）用……护住…… _____________
cover...with...
（9）保护……免受…… ______________
protect...from...
（10）避免做某事 _______________
avoid doing sth
（11）减少损失 __________________
reduce the damage
（12）采取合理的措施 __________________
take right measures
2.翻译句子
（1）近年来，世界各地地震频发,所以在地震发生时如何保护自己便成了一个重要的
话题。（so）
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently all over the world, so how to protect yourself when earthquakes occur has become an important topic.
（2）这里有一些指导方针。
________________________
Here are some guidelines.
（3）首先,不要紧张,保持冷静。
____________________________________
Firstly, don't be nervous and keep calm.
（4）如果在户外,尽量进入远离树木、建筑物、墙壁、标志、电线以及任何可能倒在
你身上的物体的开阔地带。（if引导条件状语从句；定语从句）
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
Try to get into an open area away from trees,buildings,walls,signs,power lines and anything else that might fall on you if outdoors.
（5）其次,如果你在室内,就待在那里。（条件状语从句；祈使句）
___________________________________
Secondly, if you are indoors,stay there.
（6）迅速转移到房间里安全的地方,比如在一张结实的桌子下面。（such as）
_________________________________________________________________
Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk.
（7）用胳膊护住你的头和脖子。（cover...with...）
_______________________________________
Cover your head and neck with your arms.
（8）目的是保护你自己不受落物的伤害。（动词不定式作表语）
______________________________________________
The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects.
（9）我们虽然无法阻止地震，但是如果采取正确的措施,就能减少地震带来的损失。
（though引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；定语从句）
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________
Though we can't stop earthquakes,we can reduce the damage that earthquakes cause if we take right measures.
Step 3 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
How to Survive an Earthquake
In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently all over the world, so how to protect yourself when earthquakes occur has become an important topic.
Firstly,don't be nervous and keep calm. Try to get into an open area away from trees,buildings,walls,signs,power lines and anything else that might fall on you if
outdoors. Secondly,if you are indoors,stay there. Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects. Thirdly,never go to the lift.
Though we can't stop earthquakes,we can reduce the damage that earthquakes cause if we take right measures.
主题写作
假定你是河源市的李华，你市为吸引外国游客，拟制作英文版河源旅游宣传手册，并公开征稿。请根据下面信息，用英语写一篇短文投稿。
1.位于广州的东北方向，离广州约200千米。
2.由五个县和一个区组成，人口约 370万。
3.历史悠久，名胜众多；万绿湖（Wanlv Lake）景色优美，湖水清澈，鱼类繁多。
4.博物馆中有各种恐龙（dinosaur）蛋化石（fossil），吸引了来自全世界的游客。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___
参考范文
Heyuan， with a long history， lies to the northeast of Guangzhou， from which it is about 200 kilometers away. Heyuan， consisting of five counties and one district， has a population of about 3.7 million. There are many famous places of interest in Heyuan， one example of which is Wanlv Lake， an inviting tourist destination which has beautiful scenery. The water is so clean and there is a variety of fish in it. In addition， there are many dinosaur egg fossils displayed in the local museum， attracting visitors from every corner of the world.
Why not give it a try Your trip to Heyuan is sure to be enjoyable and worthwhile.
1.My sister Barbara studies very hard because she is anxious to go to college. I am anxious that she should get rid of anxiety.
我的妹妹芭芭拉学习很努力，因为她渴望上大学。我很希望她能摆脱焦虑。
2.With my proficiency in Chinese calligraphy, I could also conduct classes for your visitors to help them learn more about this beautiful aspect of Chinese culture.
由于我精通中国书法, 我也可以为你们的访客开设课程, 帮助他们更多地了解中国文化美丽的一面。
3.Chinese people observed that on the day of Jingzhe, thunder rumbled and insects that hibernated in winter climbed out of their hiding places, thus giving it the animated and imaginative name Jingzhe—the rolling thunder that awakens sleeping insects.
中国人观察到，在惊蛰的那一天，雷声隆隆，冬眠的昆虫爬出它们的藏身之处，因此给它起了一个生动而富有想象力的名字“惊蛰”——滚滚雷声惊醒蛰伏于地下的昆虫。
《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》（The Call of the Wild），是美国著名作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。该作品以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。阅读下面的节选，仔细体会该小说的主题：生命总是在不断挣扎求存的过程中获得意义与力量。
The Call of the Wild （Excerpt）
In five minutes Buck had made fourteen hundred dollars for Thornton and his friends. The money made it possible for them to travel east，where they wanted to look for a lost gold mine. Men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north. Many had looked for it，and some had died looking for it. The only man who knew where it was was now dead.
Thornton，Pete and Hans，with Buck and six other dogs，started off① to the east in the spring. They travelled up the Stewart River and crossed the Mackenzie Mountains. They did not move quickly；the weather was good，and the men shot animals for food when they needed it. Sometimes they travelled for a week，and sometimes they stopped for a week and searched for gold in the ground. Sometimes they were hungry，and sometimes they had lots of food. They spent all the summer in the mountains，carrying everything they needed on their backs，sometimes making boats to go down rivers or across lakes.
In the autumn they came to a strange，flat country，with many lakes. They travelled on through the winter and met nobody，but once they found an old wooden② house，with an old gun in it.
When the spring came，they found，not the lost mine，but a lake in a wide valley. Through the shallow water, the gold showed like yellow butter，and here their search ended. There was gold worth thousands of dollars in the lake，and they worked every day，filling bag after bag with gold.
The dogs had nothing to do except watch the men and eat the food which the men shot for them. Buck spent many evenings sitting by the fire.
As he sat，he saw again his dream world，where the strange hairy③ man sat next to him. He also heard something calling him into the forest. Sometimes，in the middle of the day，he lifted his head and listened，and then ran off into the forest.
One night he woke up and heard the call again，a long howl④.He ran into the forest，following the sound，and came to an open place in the trees. And there，his nose pointing to the sky，sat a wolf.
The wolf stopped howling and Buck walked slowly towards him. The wolf ran，and Buck followed. After a time，the wolf stopped and waited，watching Buck，ready to attack. But Buck did not want to fight，and soon the wolf realized this，and the two animals became friendly. Then the wolf started to run again，and he clearly wanted Buck to follow him. They ran for hours through the forest，and Buck remembered again his dream world where he，and others like him，had run through a much older forest.
Then they stopped to drink，and Buck remembered John Thornton. He turned and started to run back. The wolf followed him，then stopped and howled，but Buck
ran on and did not turn. Thornton was eating dinner when Buck returned. Buck jumped all over him，and for two days he never left his side. He followed him everywhere，watching him while he ate and while he slept. But after two days the call of the wild came again，and he remembered the forest and the wolf who had run beside him.
He started to sleep out in the forest at night，sometimes staying out for three or four days. Once he was away for a week，fishing and killing animals for food. He ate well，and he grew stronger and quicker and more alive. His golden brown coat shone with health as he ran through the forest，learning its every secret，every smell，and every sound.
“He's the finest dog that I've ever seen，” said Thornton to his friends one day as they watched Buck walking out of camp.
“There'll never be another dog like him，” said Pete.
They saw him walking out of camp but they didn't see the change that happened when he was inside the forest. At once he became a thing of the wild，stepping softly and silently，a passing shadow⑤ among the trees.
In the autumn，Buck started to see moose⑥ in the forest. One day he met a group of about twenty. The largest was two metres tall，and his antlers were more than two metres across. When he saw Buck，he got very angry. For hours Buck
followed the moose；he wanted the big one，but he wanted him alone. By the evening Buck had driven the big old moose away from the others，and then he began his attack. The animal weighed six hundred and fifty kilos—he was big enough and strong enough to kill Buck in seconds. Patiently，Buck followed him for four days，attacking and then jumping away. He gave him no peace，no time to eat or drink or rest，and slowly the moose became weaker. At the end of the fourth day Buck pulled the moose down⑦ and killed him. He stayed by the dead animal for a day and a half，eating，and then turned towards camp and John Thornton.
All day Buck stayed by the pool or walked restlessly⑧ round the camp. But when the evening came，he heard new sounds from the forest；the wolves had come south for the winter，and were moving into Buck's valley. They came into the camp in the moonlight，and Buck stood silently，waiting for them. Suddenly，the bravest wolf jumped at Buck. In a second，Buck had bitten，and then stood still again. The wolf was dead behind him. Three more wolves jumped at him，and were killed.
Then the pack attacked in a crowd all at once. But not one of them could bring Buck down；he was too quick，too strong，too clever for them all. After half an hour the pack stopped attacking and moved away. Then one wolf moved forward
slowly，in a friendly way；it was the wolf that Buck had met before in the forest. They touched noses. Then another wolf came forward to make friends，and another. Soon the pack was all around Buck，and the call of the wild was loud in Buck's ears. And when the wolves moved on，back into the forest， Buck ran with them，side by side⑨.
That is perhaps the end of Buck's story. But after a few years，the Yeehats noticed that some of the wolves had golden brown in their grey coats. They also talked of a Ghost Dog that ran at the head of the pack.
In the summers there is one visitor to that valley：a large，golden-brown wolf，larger than any other wolf. He walks alone round the lake where the yellow gold shines in the water，and howls. But he is not always alone. In the long winter nights，he runs at the head of the wolf pack through the moonlight，calling into the night with them，singing a song from a younger world.
野性的呼唤（节选）
五分钟后，巴克就为桑顿和他的朋友们赚了一千四百美元。这些钱使他们能够去东部旅行，他们想在那里寻找一座下落不明的金矿。人们说那座金矿比任何一座北方的金矿都富足。许多人都在寻找它，有一些人为了寻找它而命丧黄泉。唯一知道金矿下落的那个人已经死了。
桑顿、皮特和汉斯带着巴克和另外6条狗，在春天向东方启程了。他们渡过了斯图尔特河，翻过了马更些山脉。他们走得并不快。天气很不错，有时人们就打点野味来充饥。有时他们连续走一星期，有时他们会逗留一星期在地下寻找金矿。有时他们忍饥挨饿，有时又食物丰足。他们在山里度过了整个夏天，背着所有必需品，有时他们制造小船沿河漂流或者横渡湖泊。
秋天的时候他们来到一个奇特而平坦且有许多湖泊的国家。他们跋涉了整整一个冬天，没有碰到任何人。但是他们发现过一座古老的木屋，屋内有一杆旧枪。
当春天又来临的时候，他们发现的不是那座下落不明的金矿，而是一个位于宽阔峡谷中的湖泊。透过浅浅的湖水，金子就像黄澄澄的奶油一样。他们的搜寻到此结束了。湖中的金子价值连城，他们每天都工作，装满了一袋又一袋的金子。
狗无所事事，只好看人们工作和吃人们打来的野味。巴克总是坐在火边消磨着夜晚的时光。
当他蹲坐在那里时，他又一次看到了他梦中的世界，那个奇怪的毛发浓密的人坐在他的旁边。他依然感受到那来自丛林的呼唤。有时正值正午，他就抬头聆听着，然后就会蹿进森林里。
一天晚上他从睡梦中醒来，又听到那呼唤，那是一声长长的嗥叫。他跑进森林，追随着那呼声，来到了林子间的一片空地上。在那儿，蹲坐着一头狼，仰首望天。
狼停止了嗥叫，巴克慢慢向他走过去。狼却跑开了，巴克紧追不舍。过了一段时间，狼停住步子等待着，打量着巴克，准备着一场恶斗。但是巴克无意开战，很快狼就意识到了这点。两头动物变得友好起来。然后狼又开始了奔跑，很明显他希望巴克跟着他。他们在森林中跑了好几个小时，巴克又想起了他梦中的世界，在那里他和他的同类，穿过一座很古老的森林。
当他们停下来喝水的时候，巴克想起了约翰·桑顿。他掉头往回跑。狼跟着他，然后停下来嗥叫着，但是巴克头也不回，继续奔跑着。巴克回来的时候，桑顿正在吃晚
饭。巴克扑在他的身上，整整两天不肯离开他的身边，到哪儿都跟着他，即使睡觉和吃饭也不肯把目光挪开。但是两天之后，那野性的呼唤又响了起来，他又想起了森林和那头同他一起奔跑的狼。
他开始在夜晚露宿在森林里，有时一待就是三四天。有一次他跑出去了一个星期，捕鱼猎兽觅食吃。他吃得很好，变得越发健壮敏捷，也更有生气。在他奔跑在森林里的时候，他的金褐色的皮毛闪着健康的光泽。他探索着森林中每一处的神秘，每一种气味，每一声声响。
“他是我见过的最出色的狗，”桑顿有一天对他的朋友们说，他们正看着巴克跑出营地。
“绝无仅有，”皮特说。
他们只看见他跑出了营地，但是他们无从知晓他在森林中发生的本质的变化。他会立刻变成一头野兽，步子轻捷无声，像一道阴影闪过森林。
在秋天，巴克开始在森林中发现驼鹿。有一天他碰上了大约有二十头的一群驼鹿。最大的一头有两米高，两只鹿角甚至有两米多宽。他看见巴克的时候，十分生气。巴克跟随了这只驼鹿好几个小时；他想要这头大个儿的，但需要单独捕杀他。到傍晚时分，巴克把那头大个儿的老驼鹿赶到了鹿群之外，然后发动了进攻。那只动物重达六百五十公斤——他高大强壮到足以在数秒中杀死巴克。巴克耐心地跟随了他四天，进攻一下就又跳开，让他不得安宁，没有时间进食喝水，也无法休息。渐渐地那头驼鹿
衰弱下去。到第4天结束的当口儿，巴克扑倒了那头驼鹿杀死了他。他在死兽旁待了一天半，进食，然后返回到营地和约翰·桑顿那里去。
整整一天巴克待在水潭边，间或围着营地不停地奔走。但是当夜幕降临的时候，他听到森林中传出新的声响；狼群来到南方过冬了，他们正朝着巴克的山谷而来。他们在月光下来到了营地。巴克静静地站立着等待着他们。突然，一只最勇敢的狼扑向巴克。仅仅一秒钟，巴克就咬住了他，然后重新站直。狼死在他的身后。另外三只狼又扑了上来，也死掉了。
然后狼群一起出击了。但是没有一头狼能扑倒巴克；巴克对于他们来说，太过迅捷，太强壮，也太聪明了。半小时之后狼群停止了进攻，开始撤退。有一头狼缓缓地
走上前来，摆出友好的姿态；这就是巴克以前在森林中遇到的那只狼。他们互相碰碰鼻子致意。然后另外一只狼也走上来交朋友，然后又是一只。很快巴克就被狼群围在了中心。野性的呼唤在巴克耳边响彻。狼群前进了，他们返回森林，巴克和他们一起并肩奔跑。
这也许就是关于巴克的故事的尾声了。但是几年之后，伊哈特人注意到灰色的狼群中有一些有金褐色的皮毛。他们还谈论着跑在狼群前的一只幽灵一样的狗。
在夏天的时候，山谷里只有一个探访者：一头高大金褐色的狼，比任何一头狼都高大。他沿着湖边走着，嗥叫着，水底的黄金闪烁着光芒。但他也不总是孤单。在漫长的冬夜，他带领狼群在月光下跑过，同他们一起在夜晚呼喊着，在一个更有生气的世界里唱着歌。
①start off 出发；开始
②wooden adj.木制的；木头的
③hairy adj.多毛的；毛茸茸的
④howl n.嚎叫
⑤shadow n.阴影
⑥moose n.麋鹿；驼鹿
⑦pull down摧毁；推翻；拉下来
⑧restlessly adv.不安地；慌张地
⑨side by side 并肩；一起；并排
《野性的呼唤》之角色解读
在小说中，巴克只是一只狗，但是杰克·伦敦运用拟人手法，拟人化了它以及它周围的环境，把巴克眼中的世界及人类的本质刻画得淋漓尽致，反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“优胜劣汰，适者生存”的客观现实。巴克渴望并奔向了自由，这也正是伦敦的追求和理想的体现。Unit 5 Section Ⅴ Writing
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读熟悉英语宣传手册的文体特征,撰写宣传手册时需要包括的基本信息,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
2.能够借助已知的关键信息,适当补充辅助信息,写好宣传手册。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
写作探究
宣 传 手 册
宣传手册是用来介绍或宣传某事物的,使用的是说明文文体。它可用来介绍一种产品,说明其样式、用途、用法等,例如说明书或产品的简介材料。它也可宣传某个旅游景点,向游客介绍其风格、特色,从而使游客能够全面了解其服务与风貌,最终达到吸引游客前往光顾的目的。
写宣传手册时应注意:
(1)介绍特色,从而吸引、打动游客。
(2)经过思考后,拟好段落。撰写过程应周密严谨,语言简明易懂。
(3)经检查、修改无误后,编成宣传手册。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.tourist destinations 旅游目的地
2.on holiday 在度假
3.with the development of... 随着……的发展
4.as far as I'm concerned 就我而言
5.play an important role in... 在……方面起重要作用
6.be beneficial to/be of great benefit to 对……非常有益
Ⅱ.话题句式
★精彩开头
1.I want to introduce a wonderful tourist destination to you.
我想向你介绍一处极好的旅游目的地。
2.Do you want to know the basic situation of the Expo Park
你想了解世博园的基本情况吗
3.Our hotel will provide you with excellent service and make your travel better.
我们酒店将为您提供优质的服务,让您的旅行更加美好。
★正文佳句
1.It is convenient for you to visit all the tourist attractions in our city.
你可以便利地参观我市所有的旅游景点。
2.Our hotel is a six-storey building with 120 rooms.
我们的旅馆是一个拥有120间房的6层建筑。
3.On entering the park,you will be attracted by the colorful buildings with special shapes and decorations.
一进入公园,你就会被五颜六色的建筑所吸引,这些建筑有着特殊的形状和装饰。
★余味结尾
1.I hope I can make a good impression on you and make your trip convenient.
希望我能给你留下一个好印象,给你的旅行带来便利。
2.Thank you for your presence and we look forward to your next visit.
感谢您的入住,我们期待您下次光临。
3.I hope you can give us valuable advice so that we can provide better service in the future.
希望您能给我们提供宝贵的意见,以便我们在今后能提供更加优质的服务。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
近几年全球地震频发,所以在地震发生时如何保护自己便成了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to Survive an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。主要内容包括:
1.地震来临时请不要惊慌,如果在室外请远离树木、建筑物等物体;
2.如果在室内,要尽量躲在坚固家具的下面,并且注意保护好头部;
3.千万不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 指导类说明文
时态 以一般现在时为主
主题 自然灾害防范
人称 以第二人称为主
结构 第一段:描述题目要求中所提到的事件,引出话题; 第二段:主体部分,说明在地震发生时如何保护自己; 第三段:总结概括全文
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
(1)造成重大损失
(2)保持安全
(3)指导方针
(4)保持冷静
(5)进入开阔地带
(6)远离
(7)转移到安全的地方
(8)用……护住……
(9)保护……免受……
(10)避免做某事
(11)减少损失
(12)采取合理的措施
答案 (1)cause significant damage (2)keep safe
(3)guideline (4)keep calm (5)get into an open area (6)stay away from (7)move to a safe place (8)cover...with... (9)protect...from... (10)avoid doing sth (11)reduce the damage (12)take right measures
2.翻译句子
(1)近年来,世界各地地震频发,所以在地震发生时如何保护自己便成了一个重要的话题。(so)
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(2)这里有一些指导方针。
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(3)首先,不要紧张,保持冷静。
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(4)如果在户外,尽量进入远离树木、建筑物、墙壁、标志、电线以及任何可能倒在你身上的物体的开阔地带。(if引导条件状语从句;定语从句)
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(5)其次,如果你在室内,就待在那里。(条件状语从句;祈使句)
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(6)迅速转移到房间里安全的地方,比如在一张结实的桌子下面。(such as)
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(7)用胳膊护住你的头和脖子。(cover...with...)
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(8)目的是保护你自己不受落物的伤害。(动词不定式作表语)
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(9)我们虽然无法阻止地震,但是如果采取正确的措施,就能减少地震带来的损失。(though引导让步状语从句;if引导条件状语从句;定语从句)
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答案
(1)In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently all over the world, so how to protect yourself when earthquakes occur has become an important topic.
(2)Here are some guidelines.
(3)Firstly, don't be nervous and keep calm.
(4)Try to get into an open area away from trees,buildings,walls,signs,power lines and anything else that might fall on you if outdoors.
(5)Secondly, if you are indoors,stay there.
(6)Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk.
(7)Cover your head and neck with your arms.
(8)The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects.
(9)Though we can't stop earthquakes,we can reduce the damage that earthquakes cause if we take right measures.
Step 3 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
How to Survive an Earthquake
In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently all over the world, so how to protect yourself when earthquakes occur has become an important topic.
Firstly,don't be nervous and keep calm.Try to get into an open area away from trees,buildings,walls,signs,power lines and anything else that might fall on you if outdoors.Secondly,if you are indoors,stay there.Quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk.Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects.Thirdly,never go to the lift.
Though we can't stop earthquakes,we can reduce the damage that earthquakes cause if we take right measures.
【随堂检测】
主题写作
假定你是河源市的李华,你市为吸引外国游客,拟制作英文版河源旅游宣传手册,并公开征稿。请根据下面信息,用英语写一篇短文投稿。
1.位于广州的东北方向,离广州约200千米。
2.由五个县和一个区组成,人口约 370万。
3.历史悠久,名胜众多;万绿湖(Wanlv Lake)景色优美,湖水清澈,鱼类繁多。
4.博物馆中有各种恐龙(dinosaur)蛋化石(fossil),吸引了来自全世界的游客。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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参考范文
Heyuan, with a long history, lies to the northeast of Guangzhou, from which it is about 200 kilometers away.Heyuan, consisting of five counties and one district, has a population of about 3.7 million.There are many famous places of interest in Heyuan, one example of which is Wanlv Lake, an inviting tourist destination which has beautiful scenery.The water is so clean and there is a variety of fish in it.In addition, there are many dinosaur egg fossils displayed in the local museum, attracting visitors from every corner of the world.
Why not give it a try Your trip to Heyuan is sure to be enjoyable and worthwhile.
视野拓展
1.My sister Barbara studies very hard because she is anxious to go to college.I am anxious that she should get rid of anxiety.
我的妹妹芭芭拉学习很努力,因为她渴望上大学。我很希望她能摆脱焦虑。
2.With my proficiency in Chinese calligraphy, I could also conduct classes for your visitors to help them learn more about this beautiful aspect of Chinese culture.
由于我精通中国书法, 我也可以为你们的访客开设课程, 帮助他们更多地了解中国文化美丽的一面。
3.Chinese people observed that on the day of Jingzhe, thunder rumbled and insects that hibernated in winter climbed out of their hiding places, thus giving it the animated and imaginative name Jingzhe—the rolling thunder that awakens sleeping insects.
中国人观察到,在惊蛰的那一天,雷声隆隆,冬眠的昆虫爬出它们的藏身之处,因此给它起了一个生动而富有想象力的名字“惊蛰”——滚滚雷声惊醒蛰伏于地下的昆虫。
英美文化
美篇导读
《野性的呼唤》,又名《荒野的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild),是美国著名作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。该作品以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮,写的是狗,也反映人的世界。阅读下面的节选,仔细体会该小说的主题:生命总是在不断挣扎求存的过程中获得意义与力量。
美篇呈现
The Call of the Wild (Excerpt)
In five minutes Buck had made fourteen hundred dollars for Thornton and his friends.The money made it possible for them to travel east,where they wanted to look for a lost gold mine.Men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north.Many had looked for it,and some had died looking for it.The only man who knew where it was was now dead.
Thornton,Pete and Hans,with Buck and six other dogs,started off① to the east in the spring.They travelled up the Stewart River and crossed the Mackenzie Mountains.They did not move quickly;the weather was good,and the men shot animals for food when they needed it.Sometimes they travelled for a week,and sometimes they stopped for a week and searched for gold in the ground.Sometimes they were hungry,and sometimes they had lots of food.They spent all the summer in the mountains,carrying everything they needed on their backs,sometimes making boats to go down rivers or across lakes.
In the autumn they came to a strange,flat country,with many lakes.They travelled on through the winter and met nobody,but once they found an old wooden② house,with an old gun in it.
When the spring came,they found,not the lost mine,but a lake in a wide valley. Through the shallow water, the gold showed like yellow butter,and here their search ended.There was gold worth thousands of dollars in the lake,and they worked every day,filling bag after bag with gold.
The dogs had nothing to do except watch the men and eat the food which the men shot for them.Buck spent many evenings sitting by the fire.
As he sat,he saw again his dream world,where the strange hairy③ man sat next to him. He also heard something calling him into the forest. Sometimes,in the middle of the day,he lifted his head and listened,and then ran off into the forest.
One night he woke up and heard the call again,a long howl④.He ran into the forest,following the sound,and came to an open place in the trees.And there,his nose pointing to the sky,sat a wolf.
The wolf stopped howling and Buck walked slowly towards him.The wolf ran,and Buck followed.After a time,the wolf stopped and waited,watching Buck,ready to attack.But Buck did not want to fight,and soon the wolf realized this,and the two animals became friendly.Then the wolf started to run again,and he clearly wanted Buck to follow him.They ran for hours through the forest,and Buck remembered again his dream world where he,and others like him,had run through a much older forest.
Then they stopped to drink,and Buck remembered John Thornton.He turned and started to run back.The wolf followed him,then stopped and howled,but Buck ran on and did not turn.Thornton was eating dinner when Buck returned.Buck jumped all over him,and for two days he never left his side.He followed him everywhere,watching him while he ate and while he slept.But after two days the call of the wild came again,and he remembered the forest and the wolf who had run beside him.
He started to sleep out in the forest at night,sometimes staying out for three or four days.Once he was away for a week,fishing and killing animals for food.He ate well,and he grew stronger and quicker and more alive.His golden brown coat shone with health as he ran through the forest,learning its every secret,every smell,and every sound.
“He's the finest dog that I've ever seen,” said Thornton to his friends one day as they watched Buck walking out of camp.
“There'll never be another dog like him,” said Pete.
They saw him walking out of camp but they didn't see the change that happened when he was inside the forest.At once he became a thing of the wild,stepping softly and silently,a passing shadow⑤ among the trees.
In the autumn,Buck started to see moose⑥ in the forest.One day he met a group of about twenty.The largest was two metres tall,and his antlers were more than two metres across.When he saw Buck,he got very angry.For hours Buck followed the moose;he wanted the big one,but he wanted him alone.By the evening Buck had driven the big old moose away from the others,and then he began his attack.The animal weighed six hundred and fifty kilos—he was big enough and strong enough to kill Buck in seconds.Patiently,Buck followed him for four days,attacking and then jumping away.He gave him no peace,no time to eat or drink or rest,and slowly the moose became weaker.At the end of the fourth day Buck pulled the moose down⑦ and killed him.He stayed by the dead animal for a day and a half,eating,and then turned towards camp and John Thornton.
All day Buck stayed by the pool or walked restlessly⑧ round the camp.But when the evening came,he heard new sounds from the forest;the wolves had come south for the winter,and were moving into Buck's valley.They came into the camp in the moonlight,and Buck stood silently,waiting for them.Suddenly,the bravest wolf jumped at Buck.In a second,Buck had bitten,and then stood still again.The wolf was dead behind him.Three more wolves jumped at him,and were killed.
Then the pack attacked in a crowd all at once.But not one of them could bring Buck down;he was too quick,too strong,too clever for them all.After half an hour the pack stopped attacking and moved away.Then one wolf moved forward slowly,in a friendly way;it was the wolf that Buck had met before in the forest.They touched noses.Then another wolf came forward to make friends,and another.Soon the pack was all around Buck,and the call of the wild was loud in Buck's ears.And when the wolves moved on,back into the forest, Buck ran with them,side by side⑨.
That is perhaps the end of Buck's story.But after a few years,the Yeehats noticed that some of the wolves had golden brown in their grey coats.They also talked of a Ghost Dog that ran at the head of the pack.
In the summers there is one visitor to that valley:a large,golden-brown wolf,larger than any other wolf.He walks alone round the lake where the yellow gold shines in the water,and howls.But he is not always alone.In the long winter nights,he runs at the head of the wolf pack through the moonlight,calling into the night with them,singing a song from a younger world.
野性的呼唤(节选)
五分钟后,巴克就为桑顿和他的朋友们赚了一千四百美元。这些钱使他们能够去东部旅行,他们想在那里寻找一座下落不明的金矿。人们说那座金矿比任何一座北方的金矿都富足。许多人都在寻找它,有一些人为了寻找它而命丧黄泉。唯一知道金矿下落的那个人已经死了。
桑顿、皮特和汉斯带着巴克和另外6条狗,在春天向东方启程了。他们渡过了斯图尔特河,翻过了马更些山脉。他们走得并不快。天气很不错,有时人们就打点野味来充饥。有时他们连续走一星期,有时他们会逗留一星期在地下寻找金矿。有时他们忍饥挨饿,有时又食物丰足。他们在山里度过了整个夏天,背着所有必需品,有时他们制造小船沿河漂流或者横渡湖泊。
秋天的时候他们来到一个奇特而平坦且有许多湖泊的国家。他们跋涉了整整一个冬天,没有碰到任何人。但是他们发现过一座古老的木屋,屋内有一杆旧枪。
当春天又来临的时候,他们发现的不是那座下落不明的金矿,而是一个位于宽阔峡谷中的湖泊。透过浅浅的湖水,金子就像黄澄澄的奶油一样。他们的搜寻到此结束了。湖中的金子价值连城,他们每天都工作,装满了一袋又一袋的金子。
狗无所事事,只好看人们工作和吃人们打来的野味。巴克总是坐在火边消磨着夜晚的时光。
当他蹲坐在那里时,他又一次看到了他梦中的世界,那个奇怪的毛发浓密的人坐在他的旁边。他依然感受到那来自丛林的呼唤。有时正值正午,他就抬头聆听着,然后就会蹿进森林里。
一天晚上他从睡梦中醒来,又听到那呼唤,那是一声长长的嗥叫。他跑进森林,追随着那呼声,来到了林子间的一片空地上。在那儿,蹲坐着一头狼,仰首望天。
狼停止了嗥叫,巴克慢慢向他走过去。狼却跑开了,巴克紧追不舍。过了一段时间,狼停住步子等待着,打量着巴克,准备着一场恶斗。但是巴克无意开战,很快狼就意识到了这点。两头动物变得友好起来。然后狼又开始了奔跑,很明显他希望巴克跟着他。他们在森林中跑了好几个小时,巴克又想起了他梦中的世界,在那里他和他的同类,穿过一座很古老的森林。
当他们停下来喝水的时候,巴克想起了约翰·桑顿。他掉头往回跑。狼跟着他,然后停下来嗥叫着,但是巴克头也不回,继续奔跑着。巴克回来的时候,桑顿正在吃晚饭。巴克扑在他的身上,整整两天不肯离开他的身边,到哪儿都跟着他,即使睡觉和吃饭也不肯把目光挪开。但是两天之后,那野性的呼唤又响了起来,他又想起了森林和那头同他一起奔跑的狼。
他开始在夜晚露宿在森林里,有时一待就是三四天。有一次他跑出去了一个星期,捕鱼猎兽觅食吃。他吃得很好,变得越发健壮敏捷,也更有生气。在他奔跑在森林里的时候,他的金褐色的皮毛闪着健康的光泽。他探索着森林中每一处的神秘,每一种气味,每一声声响。
“他是我见过的最出色的狗,”桑顿有一天对他的朋友们说,他们正看着巴克跑出营地。
“绝无仅有,”皮特说。
他们只看见他跑出了营地,但是他们无从知晓他在森林中发生的本质的变化。他会立刻变成一头野兽,步子轻捷无声,像一道阴影闪过森林。
在秋天,巴克开始在森林中发现驼鹿。有一天他碰上了大约有二十头的一群驼鹿。最大的一头有两米高,两只鹿角甚至有两米多宽。他看见巴克的时候,十分生气。巴克跟随了这只驼鹿好几个小时;他想要这头大个儿的,但需要单独捕杀他。到傍晚时分,巴克把那头大个儿的老驼鹿赶到了鹿群之外,然后发动了进攻。那只动物重达六百五十公斤——他高大强壮到足以在数秒中杀死巴克。巴克耐心地跟随了他四天,进攻一下就又跳开,让他不得安宁,没有时间进食喝水,也无法休息。渐渐地那头驼鹿衰弱下去。到第4天结束的当口儿,巴克扑倒了那头驼鹿杀死了他。他在死兽旁待了一天半,进食,然后返回到营地和约翰·桑顿那里去。
整整一天巴克待在水潭边,间或围着营地不停地奔走。但是当夜幕降临的时候,他听到森林中传出新的声响;狼群来到南方过冬了,他们正朝着巴克的山谷而来。他们在月光下来到了营地。巴克静静地站立着等待着他们。突然,一只最勇敢的狼扑向巴克。仅仅一秒钟,巴克就咬住了他,然后重新站直。狼死在他的身后。另外三只狼又扑了上来,也死掉了。
然后狼群一起出击了。但是没有一头狼能扑倒巴克;巴克对于他们来说,太过迅捷,太强壮,也太聪明了。半小时之后狼群停止了进攻,开始撤退。有一头狼缓缓地走上前来,摆出友好的姿态;这就是巴克以前在森林中遇到的那只狼。他们互相碰碰鼻子致意。然后另外一只狼也走上来交朋友,然后又是一只。很快巴克就被狼群围在了中心。野性的呼唤在巴克耳边响彻。狼群前进了,他们返回森林,巴克和他们一起并肩奔跑。
这也许就是关于巴克的故事的尾声了。但是几年之后,伊哈特人注意到灰色的狼群中有一些有金褐色的皮毛。他们还谈论着跑在狼群前的一只幽灵一样的狗。
在夏天的时候,山谷里只有一个探访者:一头高大金褐色的狼,比任何一头狼都高大。他沿着湖边走着,嗥叫着,水底的黄金闪烁着光芒。但他也不总是孤单。在漫长的冬夜,他带领狼群在月光下跑过,同他们一起在夜晚呼喊着,在一个更有生气的世界里唱着歌。
知识积累
①start off 出发;开始
②wooden adj.木制的;木头的
③hairy adj.多毛的;毛茸茸的
④howl n.嚎叫
⑤shadow n.阴影
⑥moose n.麋鹿;驼鹿
⑦pull down摧毁;推翻;拉下来
⑧restlessly adv.不安地;慌张地
⑨side by side 并肩;一起;并排
素养链接
《野性的呼唤》之角色解读
在小说中,巴克只是一只狗,但是杰克·伦敦运用拟人手法,拟人化了它以及它周围的环境,把巴克眼中的世界及人类的本质刻画得淋漓尽致,反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“优胜劣汰,适者生存”的客观现实。巴克渴望并奔向了自由,这也正是伦敦的追求和理想的体现。
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