Unit 7 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会名词性从句的用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. n.表演;演出→ v.表演;演出→ n.表演者;演奏者;演员
2. n.展出(会);展览→ v.展出;展览
3. adj.有才能的;有天资的→ n.才能;天赋
4. adj.专业的;职业的→ n.专业;职业
5. adj.布满星星的→ n.星星
6. adv.精神上;心理上→ adj.精神上的;心理上的
7. adj.巨大的→ n. 团;块;堆;大量
8. n.失败的事;失败→ v.失败;未能(做到);未做
9. adj.视觉的;视力的→ n.视觉;视力
10. n.反应→ v.反应
答案 1.performance;perform;performer 2.exhibition;exhibit 3.talented;talent 4.professional;profession
5.starry;star 6.mentally;mental 7.massive;mass
8.failure;fail 9.visual;vision 10.reaction;react
构词规律
名词后缀-ure, -tion 形容词后缀-ive, -y
fail v.→failure n.失败 react v.→reaction n.反应 mass n.→massive adj.巨大的 star n.→starry adj.布满星星的
Step 2 短语记诵
1.wash off
2.in one's lifetime
3.mental health
4.sense of reality
答案 1.洗去;洗掉 2.在某人一生中 3.心理健康
4.真实感
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night. (make sb do sth)
翻译 他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
仿写 Our English teacher often our homework on time.
我们的英语老师经常让我们按时完成作业。
2.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of night.(动词-ed形式作后置定语)
翻译 它展示了一个美丽的房子,里面被灯光照亮,周围是黑夜。
仿写 Half of the guests were foreign ambassadors.
被邀请参加招待会的客人中有一半是外国大使。
3.It seems like quite a mysterious scene.(It seems like...)
翻译 这似乎是一个相当神秘的场景。
仿写 a disaster at that time.
当时那就像是一场灾难。
答案 1.makes us finish 2.invited to the reception
3.It seemed like
【合作探究】
新知探究
核心素养
《星空》
《星空》是荷兰后印象派画家文森特·凡·高于1889年在法国圣雷米的一家精神病院住院时所创作的一幅油画,是凡·高的代表作之一,现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆。
在这幅画中,凡·高用夸张的手法,生动地描绘了充满运动和变化的星空。
《呐喊》
《呐喊》是挪威画家爱德华·蒙克于1893年创作的绘画作品,共有四个版本,分别是创作于1893年的蛋清木版画和彩蜡木版画,以及创作于1895年的彩粉木版画和蛋清木版油画。
该画作的主体是在橘红色映衬下的一个极其痛苦的表情。在《呐喊》画作中,蒙克所用的颜色虽然与自然的颜色是一致的,但在表现方式上却极度夸张,展现出了他自己的感受。《呐喊》是表现主义绘画的代表作品。
解析教材
The Starry Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally ill. Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window—the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon(1). However, he didn't just paint the clouds. He also painted the massive circles of white and yellow racing across the sky. The stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky. Beneath this amazing sky, we see a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree.
《星空》是1889年6月由文森特·凡·高创作的,当时他住在精神病医院。凡·高画了他从窗户看到的东西——有云、星星、月亮的夜空。但他不仅画了云,还画了巨大的白色和黄色圆圈在天空中飞驰。星星和月亮明亮地挂在夜空中。在这神奇的天空下,我们看到一个沉睡的村庄和一棵黑暗、孤独的树。
【助读点拨】
(1)what引导宾语从句,在从句中作saw的宾语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight. He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
Unfortunately, Van Gogh's unique paintings weren't very popular and he only sold one painting in his lifetime. He also thought The Starry Night was a failure. However, the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world's most famous paintings(2).
凡·高那不寻常的色彩运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
不幸的是,凡·高独特的画作并不很受欢迎,他一生只卖出过一幅画。他还认为《星空》是一幅失败之作。然而,事实上《星空》现在仍是世界上最著名的画作之一。
【助读点拨】
(2)that引导表语从句。
The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893. What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure's mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.(3) The figure covers his or her ears and looks directly at the viewer. This figure is set on a bridge above a dark, stormy sea, and against a burning orange-red sky.
_______________________________________________________________________________
《呐喊》是爱德华·蒙克于1893年创作的。这幅画最显著的特征是,它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象——这个人的嘴张得大大的,发出一声有力的尖叫。这个人捂住耳朵,直视观众。这个人站在一座桥上,下面是黑暗的、波涛汹涌的大海,背后是火一样橘红色的天空。
【助读点拨】
(3)what引导主语从句;that引导表语从句。
_______________________________________________________________________________
In his diary, Munch talked about what inspired him(4). “I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly the sky turned as red as blood ... I stood there shaking. Then I heard the scream of nature.”
Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch's mental health problems, which caused him a lot of pain.(5)
蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源,“太阳落山时,我和两个朋友一起走在路上;天空突然变得像血一样红……我站在那里颤抖着。然后我听到了大自然的尖叫。”
许多专家说,《呐喊》与蒙克的精神健康问题有关,这给他带来了很大的痛苦。
【助读点拨】
what引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5)that引导宾语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句。
_______________________________________________________________________________
The Empire of Light is among a series of paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte between 1953 and 1954. He painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of night. What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.(6) It seems like quite a mysterious scene.
《灯之王国》是比利时艺术家勒内·马格利特在1953年到1954年间创作的一系列画作。他画了27次同样的场景。它展示了一个美丽的房子,里面被灯光照亮,周围是黑夜。奇怪的是,在房子和树的上方,我们看到的是亮如白昼的天空和柔软的白云。这似乎是一个相当神秘的场景。
【助读点拨】
(6)what引导主语从句;that引导表语从句。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Magritte was a painter inspired by his thoughts and ideas. His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with reality. His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality(7).
The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling.Others, however, find them calming. As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising.“I call this power: poetry,” he said.
马格利特是一位受到自身思想和观念启发的画家。他试图玩弄现实,他的画是视觉实验。他认为艺术应该震撼观众,挑战他们的真实感。
观众对《灯之王国》有不同的反应。有些人觉得这些画看起来黑暗而令人不安。然而,其他人却发现它们让人感到平静。至于马格利特本人,他认为画中白天和黑夜之间的变化是惊人的。他说:“我称这种力量为诗意。”
【助读点拨】
that 引导表语从句。
_______________________________________________________________________________
核 心 单 词
知识点1 performance n.表演;演出;表现 *perform v.表演;执行 *performer n.表演者;演出者
(牛津词典)The actor is tipped to win an Oscar for his performance.
这位演员因表演出色而被认为有望获得奥斯卡奖。
知识拓展
give/put on a performance 演出
perform one's promise 履行诺言
perform an operation/an experiment 进行手术/做实验
经典佳句
The unknown performer performed very well, and her performance was very popular with the audience.
这个不知名的表演者表演得非常好,她的表演深受观众的欢迎。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The teacher was very pleased with the (perform) of the children.
(2)Alex and Andy (perform) skillfully and they won first prize.
(3)She was the only (perform) and I was the only audience.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·郑州一中月考)In addition, some famous artists on the spot.
此外,一些著名的艺术家将会现场表演如何剪纸。
答案 (1)performance (2)performed (3)performer
(4)will perform how to cut paper
知识点2 talented adj.有才能的;有天资的 *talent n.天才;天赋;有才能的人
(P6)They are all very talented.
他们都很有才华。
知识拓展
be talented at/in (doing)... 在(做)……方面有天赋
show a talent for 表现出对……的天赋
have a talent for在……方面有天赋
a man/woman of many talents 一位多才多艺的男子/女子
图解释义
The little girl is so talented—I love her paintings.
那个小女孩很有天赋——我喜欢她的画。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It is said that his father was a (talent) basketball player.
(2)As we all know, he is talented singing.
(3)She is famous for her many (talent).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·福建福州一中月考)Jordan , which makes him world-famous.
乔丹有打篮球的天赋,这使得他闻名世界。
答案 (1)talented (2)at/in (3)talents (4)is talented at/in playing basketball
知识点3 affect v.影响;使感动;使悲伤;侵袭;使感染 *effect n.影响;效果 *effective adj.有效的
(P8)His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高那不寻常的色彩运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
知识拓展
be affected by被……感动;被……影响
be affected with high fever发高烧
affect sb to tears把某人感动得流泪
have an effect/influence on对……有影响
take effect生效;奏效
come into effect开始实施;开始生效
side effect副作用
经典佳句
The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.
气候影响了降雨量。
She was deeply affected by the news of his death.
他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
融会应用
Ⅰ.同义句改写
(1)The new system will affect our life.
→The new system will our life.
(2)The condition made lots of people ill these days.
→The condition lots of people these days.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)He was affected by the failure in the exam and lost heart.
→ in the exam, he lost heart.(动词-ed形式作状语)
答案 (1)have an effect/influence on (2)affected (3)Affected by the failure
知识点4 spot n.(圆)点;斑点;污渍;地点 v.发现;认出;点缀
(P8)He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
知识拓展
on the spot当场
spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/物正在做某事
be spotted with 散布;点缀
经典佳句
Those spots help it hide in the jungle.
那些斑点帮助它在丛林里藏身。
The night sky is spotted with twinkling stars.
闪烁的星星点缀着夜空。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)When you read an email, if it just needs a quick response, reply the spot.
(2)Neighbors spotted smoke (come) out of the house.
(3)Leaves are loosely spotted some red flowers.
答案 (1)on (2)coming (3)with
知识点5 failure n. 失败的人/事;失败 *fail vi.失败;不及格
(P8)He also thought The Starry Night was a failure.
他还认为《星空》是一幅失败之作。
知识拓展
end in failure 以失败结束
heart failure心力衰竭
power failure停电
fail to do sth 未能做某事
经典佳句
I do not want any excuse for failure, because I love basketball.
我不想为失败找任何借口,因为我热爱篮球。
Hard as she tried, she failed to pass the exam.
尽管她非常努力,她还是没有通过那次考试。
名师点拨
failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词,表示抽象意义;作“失败者;失败的事”讲时是可数名词,表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。
As a musician he was a failure,but as an artist,he was a great success.
作为音乐家,他是个失败者,但作为艺术家,他非常成功。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I fail (see) why you feel it so amusing.
(2)So as for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards (fail).
(3)If one is easily defeated by difficulties, he will always be failure.
答案 (1)to see (2)failure (3)a
知识点6 remain v.仍然是;保持不变;遗留;继续存在;仍需去做;逗留 *remains n.遗迹;遗体;剩余物 *remaining adj.剩下的;还需处理的(只作前置定语)
(P8)However, the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world's most famous paintings.
然而,事实上《星空》现在仍是世界上最著名的画作之一。
知识拓展
remain to be done 有待于……
the remains of... ……的遗迹
经典佳句
After Jack bought all he needed,only a small amount of money remained.He bought some flowers for his mother with the remaining money.It remained to be seen whether she liked the present or not.
杰克买完自己需要的东西后,只剩下一点钱。他用剩余的钱为妈妈买了一些花。不知道她是否会喜欢这份礼物。
名师点拨
remain 可以用作系动词,后接名词、形容词、动词-ed形式、动词-ing形式作表语。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It remains (see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.
(2)The guests came in, but she remained (seat) at the desk.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) how users' data will be taken advantage of.
用户的数据将如何被利用这一点仍然不明。
(4)He bought a new pen with .
他用剩下的钱买了一支新钢笔。
答案 (1)to be seen (2)seated (3)It remains unknown (4)the remaining money
知识点7 figure n.人物;数字;身材 v.认为;占据重要地位;计算
(P9)What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear...
这幅画最显著的特征是,它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象……
知识拓展
a political figure 政治人物
keep one's figure 保持身材
it/that figures 早知道会这样;在意料之中
figure out 弄明白;计算出
figure on计划;估计;预料到
经典佳句
The little boy seems to have figured out what the teacher is explaining.
小男孩似乎弄明白了老师正在讲解的内容。
Looking through the mist, I could make out the figure of a woman standing under the street lamp.
透过薄雾, 我能看到路灯下一个女人站着的身影。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I hadn't figured getting home so late.
(2)Who figures what he is thinking about
Ⅱ.语境填空
(3)As an important of the company, Sue tried to how to announce that the company had earned less than 6 last year.And most importantly, she few people were likely to believe her.
作为公司的重要人物,苏设法想出如何公布公司去年收益不到六位数的消息。最重要的是,她认为几乎没人会相信她。
答案 (1)on (2)out (3)figure;figure out; figures;figured that
知识点8 scene n.景色;场景;(戏剧)一场;现场;事发地点
(P9)He painted the same scene 27 times.
他画了27次同样的场景。
知识拓展
on the scene 在现场
come on the scene出现;登场
behind the scenes在幕后;不公开地
经典佳句
The scene of the film The Million Pound Note is set in England.
电影《百万英镑》的场景设定在英国。
The music reminded me of the happy scenes in my childhood.
这首乐曲使我回忆起了童年快乐的场景。
易混辨析
scene、sight和view的辨析:
scene 指具有一定特征或具体场面所表示的景色,常指有人活动的场面,也指事件或者事故发生的地点
sight 往往指供人游览的风景和名胜
view 指从某一角度或某一距离看到的景色,还可指观点、看法等
融会应用
Ⅰ.用scene/sight/view的适当形式填空
(1)The happy of children playing in the garden disappeared.
(2)Come and see the of London.
(3)It's great to enjoy the wonderful at the top of the building.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)By the time we , it had been all over.
当我们匆忙赶到现场时,一切都结束了。
(5)I can't witness; everyone knows that I was not .
我不能作证,每个人都知道我没在现场。
答案 (1)scene (2)sights (3)views (4)came on the scene hurriedly/in a hurry (5)on the scene
知识点9 challenge n.挑战 v.挑战;质疑 *challenging adj.有挑战性的
(P9)His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality.
他认为艺术应该震撼观众,挑战他们的真实感。
知识拓展
face/accept/take a challenge 面临/接受挑战
meet the challenge of 迎接……的挑战
challenge sb to do sth挑战某人做某事
经典佳句
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
在发展和保护文化遗址之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一个巨大的挑战。
Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.
与积极向上的人相处,他们会挑战你,让你变得更好。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We (challenge) by police at the border.
(2)She does not like anyone (challenge) her authority.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)This is a time when we Chinese have both and chances.
这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有许多机遇的时期。
(4)Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you .
写一首诗,讲述勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中的挑战。
答案 (1)were challenged (2)challenging
(3)a great many challenges (4)face challenges in your life
知识点10 reaction n.反应;回应 *react vi.(做出)反应;起作用
(P9)The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.
观众对《灯之王国》有不同的反应。
知识拓展
react to 对……做出反应;回应
react with 和……起(化学)反应
react against反对;反抗
经典佳句
I tried shaking him but there was no reaction.
我试着摇了摇他,但他一点反应也没有。
When the earthquake broke out, her students'reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks,head first,and held on to the legs of the desks.
地震发生时,她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们钻到课桌下面,头朝里,并紧紧抓住桌腿。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We reacted the limitations of us.
(2)Hearing how others react the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
(3)Like all metals,these react other elements by giving up electrons to form positively charged ions.
(4)People's (react) to the film has varied greatly.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5)(2023·河南驻马店期末)We all wanted to see , but she .
我们想看看她对此事的反应, 但她毫无反应。
答案 (1)against (2)to (3)with (4)reaction (5)her reaction to this matter;didn't react at all
短 语 句 式
知识点11 lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
(P8)His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高那不寻常的色彩运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
知识拓展
lead to 导致;造成(后果);通向
lead sb into/to...领着某人进入/去……
lead the way 引路;带路
lead/live a(n)...life 过着……的生活
经典佳句
Mr Lee convinced everyone that he wanted to lead them to make fortune.
李先生让所有人都相信他想带领他们发财。
It is beyond argument that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.
无可争辩,仍有数百万人饥寒交迫地过着艰苦的生活。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)He ,and a village. There we found the local people .
他带路,把我们领到了一个小村庄。在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。
(2)What away
什么促使他跑掉
(3)He decided to after the unusual experience.
这次不同寻常的经历过后,他决定过一种新的生活。
答案 (1)led the way; led us to; leading/living a happy life (2)led him to run (3)lead/live a new life
知识点12 let out 发出(尖叫声);放走;放出;泄露;出租
(P9)...the figure's mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.
……那个人的嘴张得大大的,发出一声有力的尖叫。
知识拓展
let alone 更不用说;不打扰
let sb down 使某人失望
let go of 放开;释放
经典佳句
When the land was seen, the sailor let out a whoop of joy.
当看到陆地时,那名水手发出一声欢呼。
They decided to let out the smaller offices at low rents.
他们决定以低租金把那些较小的办公室租出去。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)It was your rude words that .
是你粗鲁的言语让他感到失望。
(2)Don't my hand, or we'll get separated.
不要放开我的手,不然我们会走散的。
(3)When she saw him, she a cry of horror.
看到他时,她发出了惊恐的叫声。
答案 (1)let him down (2)let go of (3)let out
知识点13 as for 关于;至于
(P9)As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising.
至于马格利特本人,他认为画中白天和黑夜之间的变化是惊人的。
知识拓展
as to 至于
as if/though 似乎;好像
as/so long as 只要
as a whole 作为一个整体来看
as a matter of fact 事实上;实际上
as follows 如下
as well 也;还
as well as 和……一样;以及;和
经典佳句
As for your father, he won't be mentioned in my will.
至于你的父亲,我的遗嘱里不会提到他。
As to where we'll get the money from, we'll talk about that later.
至于我们从哪里弄到钱,我们以后再谈。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)He talked he had known all about it.
他说得好像他知道了有关它的一切。
(2) me, I have nothing to complain of.
至于我,我没有什么可抱怨的。
答案 (1)as if/though (2)As for/to
知识点14 not...but...
(P7)Art is not what you see,but what you make others see.
艺术不是你看到什么,而是你让其他人看到什么。
知识拓展
句中的not...but...表示“不是……,而是……”,连接并列的表语。
not...but...可以连接并列的主语、宾语或表语;连接并列主语时,谓语的数用就近原则。
The meal is not for one,but for all to enjoy.
这顿饭不是供一个人而是供所有人享用的。
You should pay attention not to what they say but to what they do.
你不应该注重他们说什么,而应该注重他们做什么。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She wants to buy not a skirt, a dress.
(2)Not you but your father (be) to blame.
答案 (1)but (2)is
知识点15 “make+名词+省略to的动词不定式”结构
(P8)He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
知识拓展
句中的make people see yellow spots为make+名词+省略to的动词不定式”结构,意为“让某人做某事”。
My parents often make me do some housework.
我父母常让我做一些家务活。
其他make的相关结构:
(1)“make+名词/代词+形容词(短语)”意为“使某人/某事……”。
We will make our country more and more beautiful.
我们将会使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。
(2)“make+名词/代词+动词-ed形式”表示“使某人/某物被……”。
The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.
那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他(说的话)。
名师点拨
“make+名词/代词+省略to的动词不定式”结构用在被动语态中时,to不能省略。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Our teacher makes us (feel)more confident.
(2)Can you make yourself (understand) when you speak English
(3)The good news made us (excite).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)They .
他们让我们大笑起来。
(5)We must .
我们必须净化河水。
(6)She must the rules.
必须让她遵守规则。
答案 (1)feel (2)understood (3)excited
(4)made us laugh (5)make the river water clean (6)be made to obey
知识点16 动词-ing形式作伴随状语
(P9)I stood there shaking.
我站在那里颤抖着。
知识拓展
句中的shaking作状语,表示伴随。
(1)动词-ing形式在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
(2)动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。当动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时,则用动词-ing形式的完成式;当所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生时,则用动词-ing形式的一般式。
The dog entered the room,following the boy.
这条狗跟着男孩进了房间。
融会应用 单句填空
(1) (see) from the mountain top, I can see the whole village.
(2) (hear) the news,they all jumped with joy.
(3) (eat) his dinner,the boy rushed out.
答案 (1)Seeing (2)Hearing (3)Having eaten
语法探究
名词性从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.If you appear interested in what people are saying, they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
2.Whether he will win is all the same to me.
3.Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
4.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
5.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
我的发现
以上各句皆为主从复合句,句中用了相当于 作用的从句(即名词性从句),在句中充当成分。
第1句中名词性从句在句中作 的宾语,第3句中名词性从句在句中作动词的宾语。
第2句中名词性从句在句中作 ,第5句用it作 主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。第4句中why引导 从句。
答案 名词;介词;主语;形式;表语
探究点1 名词性从句的定义
在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句用陈述语序。
名词性从句常用的引导词如下:
(1)从属连词that、 whether、 if 等(只起连接作用,不作成分);
(2)连接代词who(ever)、 what(ever)、 which(ever)、 whom(ever)等;
(3)连接副词how(ever)、 where(ever)、 when(ever)、 why等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)People wonder Qizai is brown,given that his mother is black and white.Scientists guess that it's due to some genetic mutation(基因突变).
(2)Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and drove the elephants to make their long trip is still unknown.
(3)They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers they live and work inside the space station.
(4)The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam.
答案 (1)why (2)what (3)how (4)that
探究点2 主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句。若主语部分结构较长,可以用it作形式主语,把真正的主语从句放在后面。
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.
运动会是否会举办现在不能确定。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
That she will do well in her exam is certain.=It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
她在考试中会做得好,这是确定无疑的。
融会应用 单句填空
(1) this happened is not clear to anyone.
(2) they would support us was a problem.
答案 (1)How (2)Whether
探究点3 宾语从句
1.作及物动词的宾语
Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.
每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
2.作介词的宾语
Is there anything wrong in/with what I said
我说的有错吗
These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.
这两个地区夏天降水都很多,在这方面它们相似。
3.放在形容词后
形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词,如sure(确切的)、certain(肯定的)、afraid(担心的)、confident(有把握的)等。
I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.
我不确定火车是否会按时到达。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I asked him his father had done so that he became such a good person.
(2)Our teacher always tells us to believe in we do and we are if we want to succeed.
答案 (1)what (2)what; who
探究点4 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语,出现在连系动词之后,一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be、 look、 remain、 seem、sound等。
The question is whether we can finish the work in time.
问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。
The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.
事实依然是我们还不够先进。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)This is .
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
(2)The most important result for the user is .
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
答案 (1)where we usually think it's easier to give up (2)that the product does what is intended
探究点5 同位语从句
同位语从句用于解释说明某一名词内容,总是跟在某一名词后面。后接同位语从句的名词主要是一些表示抽象意义的词,常见的有advice、fact、problem、news、idea、belief、suggestion等。
In the sixth century BC, Pythagoras put forward the idea that the earth is round.
公元前6世纪,毕达哥拉斯提出了“地球是圆的”的概念。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)One of the men holds the view what the book said was right.
(2)They have no idea at all he was questioned by the police.
(3)We should consider students' suggestion the school library provide more books on popular science.
答案 (1)that (2)why (3)that
探究点6 其他用法
1.当主句的主语是名词idea、advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等时,表语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。
My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题,而不是把它放在一边。
2.it作形式主语
(1)It+不及物动词或短语的适当形式+that从句
It seems that... 好像……
It happened that...碰巧……
It has turned out that...结果……
(2)It+be+及物动词的动词-ed形式+that从句
It is said that...据说……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is believed that...人们认为……
It is hoped that...大家希望……
It has been proved that...已证明……
(3)It+be+形容词+that从句
It is necessary that... 有必要……
It is clear that...很清楚……
It is (un)likely that... (不太)可能……
It is important that...重要的是……
(4)It+be+名词+that从句
适用该句型的名词短语有a pity、 an honor、 a good thing、 a fact、 a surprise、 good news、 one's duty等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)It's known to all light travels in straight lines.
(2)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
(3)Soon, it is hoped scientists can put the robot to work to protect the Great Barrier Reef.
答案 (1)that (2)that (3)that
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.My mother always makes me (eat) vegetables.
2.It doesn't interest me you succeed or not.
3.Anderson opened the window to let the smoke.
4.You need to do something (energy) and different.
5.As we all know, she is a (talent) girl.
6.There is nothing (mystery) in her character.
7.Can you tell me how to keep (mental) healthy
8.What's the most (challenge) part of your role
答案 1.eat 2.whether 3.out 4.energetic 5.talented
6.mysterious 7.mentally 8.challenging
Ⅱ.选词填空
go into; let out; a series of; be connected to; as for; play with; be full of; in your lifetime; at high speed
1.It can different objects.
2.The diver the deep water beyond the danger limit.
3.The notebooks drawings about all kinds of inventions.
4.My father was looking through the paper when he suddenly a cry of surprise.
5.It is possible that the train travels without making much noise.
6.Life is just present moments, and the choices we make in those moments.
7. me, I'm very interested in basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
8.There are no other children in the family to their only child.
9.I wish all of you will have a good memory from this journey.
答案 1.be connected to 2.went into 3.are full of 4.let out 5.at high speed 6.a series of 7.As for 8.play with 9.in your lifetime
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.This is a good way of without hurting others or yourself. (let out)
这是释放你的愤怒而不伤害他人或自己的好方法。
2. are popular science books. (what引导主语从句)
我们最需要的是科普书籍。
3.Henry is a worker .(as...as)
亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
4.There will be a football game . (动词-ed形式作定语)
七月底在天津将有一场足球比赛。
5.The reason is what to do next. (that引导表语从句)
原因是他不知道下一步该做什么。
答案 1.letting your anger out 2.What we need most 3.as good as Peter (is) 4.held in Tianjin at the end of July 5.that he does not know
2(共82张PPT)
UNIT 7 ART
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会名词性从句的用法。（语言能力）
1.____________ n.表演；演出→________ v.表演；演出→__________ n.表演者；演奏
者；演员
performance
perform
performer
2.__________ n.展出（会）；展览→_______ v.展出；展览
exhibition
exhibit
3.________ adj.有才能的；有天资的→______ n.才能；天赋
talented
talent
4.___________ adj.专业的；职业的→__________ n.专业；职业
professional
profession
5.______ adj.布满星星的→_____ n.星星
starry
star
6._________ adv.精神上；心理上→_______ adj.精神上的；心理上的
mentally
mental
7.________ adj.巨大的→______ n. 团；块；堆；大量
massive
mass
8._______ n.失败的事；失败→____ v.失败；未能（做到）；未做
failure
fail
9.______ adj.视觉的；视力的→_______ n.视觉；视力
visual
vision
10.________ n.反应→______ v.反应
reaction
react
&1& 构词规律
名词后缀-ure, -tion 形容词后缀-ive, -y
fail v.→failure n.失败 react v.→reaction n.反应 mass n.→massive adj.巨大的
star n.→starry adj.布满星星的
1.wash off ____________
洗去；洗掉
2.in one's lifetime ______________
在某人一生中
3.mental health __________
心理健康
4.sense of reality ________
真实感
1.He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in
The Starry Night. （make sb do sth）
翻译 他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
仿写 Our English teacher often _______________ our homework on time.
我们的英语老师经常让我们按时完成作业。
makes us finish
2.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of
night.（动词-ed形式作后置定语）
翻译 它展示了一个美丽的房子,里面被灯光照亮,周围是黑夜。
仿写 Half of the guests ______________________ were foreign ambassadors.
被邀请参加招待会的客人中有一半是外国大使。
invited to the reception
3.It seems like quite a mysterious scene.（It seems like...）
翻译 这似乎是一个相当神秘的场景。
仿写 ______________ a disaster at that time.
当时那就像是一场灾难。
It seemed like
核心单词
知识点1 performance n.表演；演出；表现 ＊perform v.表演；执行 ＊performer n.表演者；演出者
（牛津词典）The actor is tipped to win an Oscar for his performance.
这位演员因表演出色而被认为有望获得奥斯卡奖。
知识拓展
give/put on a performance 演出
perform one's promise 履行诺言
perform an operation/an experiment 进行手术/做实验
经典佳句
The unknown performer performed very well, and her performance was very popular with the audience.
这个不知名的表演者表演得非常好,她的表演深受观众的欢迎。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The teacher was very pleased with the ____________（perform） of the
children.
performance
（2）Alex and Andy __________（perform） skillfully and they won first prize.
performed
（3）She was the only __________（perform） and I was the only audience.
performer
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·郑州一中月考）In addition, some famous artists
____________________________ on the spot.
此外，一些著名的艺术家将会现场表演如何剪纸。
will perform how to cut paper
知识点2 talented adj.有才能的；有天资的 ＊talent n.天才；天赋；有才能的人
（P6）They are all very talented.
他们都很有才华。
知识拓展
be talented at/in （doing）... 在（做）……方面有天赋
show a talent for 表现出对……的天赋
have a talent for 在……方面有天赋
a man/woman of many talents 一位多才多艺的男子/女子
图解释义
The little girl is so talented—I love her paintings.
那个小女孩很有天赋——我喜欢她的画。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It is said that his father was a ________（talent） basketball player.
talented
（2）As we all know, he is talented _____singing.
at/in
（3）She is famous for her many _______（talent）.
talents
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·福建福州一中月考）Jordan _______________________________, which
makes him world-famous.
乔丹有打篮球的天赋，这使得他闻名世界。
is talented at/in playing basketball
知识点3 affect v.影响；使感动；使悲伤；侵袭；使感染 ＊effect n.影响；效果 ＊effective adj.有效的
（P8）His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高那不寻常的色彩运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
知识拓展
be affected by被……感动；被……影响
be affected with high fever 发高烧
affect sb to tears 把某人感动得流泪
have an effect/influence on 对……有影响
take effect 生效；奏效
come into effect 开始实施；开始生效
side effect 副作用
经典佳句
The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.
气候影响了降雨量。
She was deeply affected by the news of his death.
他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
融会应用
Ⅰ.同义句改写
（1）The new system will affect our life.
→The new system will _________________________ our life.
have an effect/influence on
（2）The condition made lots of people ill these days.
→The condition ________lots of people these days.
affected
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）He was affected by the failure in the exam and lost heart.
→_____________________ in the exam, he lost heart.（动词-ed形式作状语）
Affected by the failure
知识点4 spot n.（圆）点；斑点；污渍；地点 v.发现；认出；点缀
（P8）He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用了一种药物，这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点，就像《星空》中的星星一样。
知识拓展
on the spot当场
spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/物正在做某事
be spotted with 散布；点缀
经典佳句
Those spots help it hide in the jungle.
那些斑点帮助它在丛林里藏身。
The night sky is spotted with twinkling stars.
闪烁的星星点缀着夜空。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）When you read an email, if it just needs a quick response, reply ____ the spot.
on
（2）Neighbors spotted smoke ________ （come） out of the house.
coming
（3）Leaves are loosely spotted _____ some red flowers.
with
知识点5 failure n.失败的人/事；失败 ＊fail vi.失败；不及格
（P8）He also thought The Starry Night was a failure.
他还认为《星空》是一幅失败之作。
知识拓展
end in failure 以失败结束
heart failure心力衰竭
power failure停电
fail to do sth 未能做某事
经典佳句
I do not want any excuse for failure, because I love basketball.
我不想为失败找任何借口，因为我热爱篮球。
Hard as she tried, she failed to pass the exam.
尽管她非常努力，她还是没有通过那次考试。
名师点拨
failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者；失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。
As a musician he was a failure，but as an artist，he was a great success.
作为音乐家，他是个失败者，但作为艺术家，他非常成功。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I fail _______（see） why you feel it so amusing.
to see
（2）So as for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards _______
（fail）.
failure
（3）If one is easily defeated by difficulties, he will always be ___ failure.
a
知识点6 remain v.仍然是；保持不变；遗留；继续存在；仍需去做；逗留 ＊remains n.遗迹；遗体；剩余物 ＊remaining adj.剩下的；还需处理的（只作前置定语）
（P8）However, the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world's most famous paintings.
然而,事实上《星空》现在仍是世界上最著名的画作之一。
知识拓展
remain to be done 有待于……
the remains of... ……的遗迹
经典佳句
After Jack bought all he needed，only a small amount of money remained. He bought some flowers for his mother with the remaining money. It remained to be seen whether she liked the present or not.
杰克买完自己需要的东西后，只剩下一点钱。他用剩余的钱为妈妈买了一些花。不知道她是否会喜欢这份礼物。
名师点拨
remain 可以用作系动词，后接名词、形容词、动词-ed形式、动词-ing形式作表语。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It remains ___________（see） whether the news that a new library will be
built in our school is true.
to be seen
（2）The guests came in, but she remained _______（seat） at the desk.
seated
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）___________________ how users' data will be taken advantage of.
用户的数据将如何被利用这一点仍然不明。
It remains unknown
（4）He bought a new pen with ____________________.
他用剩下的钱买了一支新钢笔。
the remaining money
知识点7 figure n.人物；数字；身材 v.认为；占据重要地位；计算
（P9）What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear...
这幅画最显著的特征是,它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象……
知识拓展
a political figure 政治人物
keep one's figure 保持身材
it/that figures 早知道会这样；在意料之中
figure out 弄明白；计算出
figure on计划；估计；预料到
经典佳句
The little boy seems to have figured out what the teacher is explaining.
小男孩似乎弄明白了老师正在讲解的内容。
Looking through the mist, I could make out the figure of a woman standing under the street lamp.
透过薄雾, 我能看到路灯下一个女人站着的身影。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I hadn't figured ____ getting home so late.
on
（2）Who figures ____ what he is thinking about
out
Ⅱ.语境填空
（3）As an important ______ of the company， Sue tried to __________ how to
announce that the company had earned less than 6 _______ last year. And most
importantly， she ___________ few people were likely to believe her.
作为公司的重要人物，苏设法想出如何公布公司去年收益不到六位数的消息。最重要
的是，她认为几乎没人会相信她。
figure
figure out
figures
figured that
知识点8 scene n.景色；场景；（戏剧）一场；现场；事发地点
（P9）He painted the same scene 27 times.
他画了27次同样的场景。
知识拓展
on the scene 在现场
come on the scene 出现；登场
behind the scenes 在幕后；不公开地
经典佳句
The scene of the film The Million Pound Note is set in England.
电影《百万英镑》的场景设定在英国。
The music reminded me of the happy scenes in my childhood.
这首乐曲使我回忆起了童年快乐的场景。
易混辨析
scene、sight和view的辨析:
scene 指具有一定特征或具体场面所表示的景色,常指有人活动的场面,
也指事件或者事故发生的地点
sight 往往指供人游览的风景和名胜
view 指从某一角度或某一距离看到的景色,还可指观点、看法等
融会应用
Ⅰ.用scene/sight/view的适当形式填空
（1）The happy ______ of children playing in the garden disappeared.
scene
（2）Come and see the ______ of London.
sights
（3）It's great to enjoy the wonderful ______ at the top of the building.
views
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）By the time we ___________________________________, it had been all over.
当我们匆忙赶到现场时,一切都结束了。
came on the scene hurriedly/in a hurry
（5）I can't witness； everyone knows that I was not _____________.
我不能作证,每个人都知道我没在现场。
on the scene
知识点9 challenge n.挑战 v.挑战；质疑 ＊challenging adj.有挑战性的
（P9）His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality.
他认为艺术应该震撼观众,挑战他们的真实感。
知识拓展
face/accept/take a challenge 面临/接受挑战
meet the challenge of 迎接……的挑战
challenge sb to do sth 挑战某人做某事
经典佳句
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
在发展和保护文化遗址之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一个巨大的挑战。
Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.
与积极向上的人相处，他们会挑战你，让你变得更好。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We _______________（challenge） by police at the border.
were challenged
（2）She does not like anyone ___________（challenge） her authority.
challenging
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）This is a time when we Chinese have both ______________________ and
chances.
这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有许多机遇的时期。
a great many challenges
（4）Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you
_________________________.
写一首诗,讲述勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中的挑战。
face challenges in your life
知识点10 reaction n.反应；回应 ＊react vi.（做出）反应；起作用
（P9）The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.
观众对《灯之王国》有不同的反应。
知识拓展
react to 对……做出反应；回应
react with 和……起（化学）反应
react against 反对；反抗
经典佳句
I tried shaking him but there was no reaction.
我试着摇了摇他，但他一点反应也没有。
When the earthquake broke out, her students'reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，head first，and held on to the legs of the desks.
地震发生时，她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们钻到课桌下面，头朝里，并紧紧抓住桌腿。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We reacted _______ the limitations of us.
against
（2）Hearing how others react ___ the book you have just read creates an added
pleasure.
to
（3）Like all metals,these react _____ other elements by giving up electrons to form
positively charged ions.
with
（4）People's ________（react） to the film has varied greatly.
reaction
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）（2023·河南驻马店期末）We all wanted to see ________________________, but
she ________________.
我们想看看她对此事的反应， 但她毫无反应。
her reaction to this matter
didn't react at all
短语句式
知识点11 lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
（P8）His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高那不寻常的色彩运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
知识拓展
lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通向
lead sb into/to... 领着某人进入/去……
lead the way 引路；带路
lead/live a（n）...life 过着……的生活
经典佳句
Mr Lee convinced everyone that he wanted to lead them to make fortune.
李先生让所有人都相信他想带领他们发财。
It is beyond argument that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.
无可争辩，仍有数百万人饥寒交迫地过着艰苦的生活。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He ____________,and _________ a village. There we found the local people
________________________.
他带路,把我们领到了一个小村庄。在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。
led the way
led us to
leading/living a happy life
（2）What ______________ away
什么促使他跑掉
led him to run
（3）He decided to __________________after the unusual experience.
这次不同寻常的经历过后,他决定过一种新的生活。
lead/live a new life
知识点12 let out 发出（尖叫声）；放走；放出；泄露；出租
（P9）...the figure's mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. ……那个人的嘴张得大大的,发出一声有力的尖叫。
知识拓展
let alone 更不用说；不打扰
let sb down 使某人失望
let go of 放开；释放
经典佳句
When the land was seen, the sailor let out a whoop of joy.
当看到陆地时，那名水手发出一声欢呼。
They decided to let out the smaller offices at low rents.
他们决定以低租金把那些较小的办公室租出去。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It was your rude words that _____________.
是你粗鲁的言语让他感到失望。
let him down
（2）Don't _________ my hand， or we'll get separated.
不要放开我的手,不然我们会走散的。
let go of
（3）When she saw him, she _______ a cry of horror.
看到他时,她发出了惊恐的叫声。
let out
知识点13 as for 关于；至于
（P9）As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising.
至于马格利特本人,他认为画中白天和黑夜之间的变化是惊人的。
知识拓展
as to 至于
as if/though 似乎；好像
as/so long as 只要
as a whole 作为一个整体来看
as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上
as follows 如下
as well 也；还
as well as 和……一样；以及；和
经典佳句
As for your father, he won't be mentioned in my will.
至于你的父亲，我的遗嘱里不会提到他。
As to where we'll get the money from, we'll talk about that later.
至于我们从哪里弄到钱，我们以后再谈。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He talked ____________ he had known all about it.
他说得好像他知道了有关它的一切。
as if/though
（2）_________ me, I have nothing to complain of.
至于我,我没有什么可抱怨的。
As for/to
知识点14 not...but...
（P7）Art is not what you see，but what you make others see.
艺术不是你看到什么，而是你让其他人看到什么。
知识拓展
句中的not...but...表示“不是……，而是……”，连接并列的表语。
not...but...可以连接并列的主语、宾语或表语；连接并列主语时，谓语的数用就近原则。
The meal is not for one，but for all to enjoy.
这顿饭不是供一个人而是供所有人享用的。
You should pay attention not to what they say but to what they do.
你不应该注重他们说什么，而应该注重他们做什么。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She wants to buy not a skirt，____ a dress.
but
（2）Not you but your father ___ （be） to blame.
is
知识点15 “make+名词+省略to的动词不定式”结构
（P8）He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用了一种药物,这种药物可以让人看到黄色的斑点,就像《星空》中的星星一样。
知识拓展
句中的make people see yellow spots为make+名词+省略to的动词不定式”结构,意为“让某人做某事”。
My parents often make me do some housework.
我父母常让我做一些家务活。
其他make的相关结构：
（1）“make+名词/代词+形容词（短语）”意为“使某人/某事……”。
We will make our country more and more beautiful.
我们将会使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。
（2）“make+名词/代词+动词-ed形式”表示“使某人/某物被……”。
The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.
那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他（说的话）。
名师点拨
“make+名词/代词+省略to的动词不定式”结构用在被动语态中时,to不能省略。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Our teacher makes us _____（feel）more confident.
feel
（2）Can you make yourself ___________（understand） when you speak English
understood
（3）The good news made us _______（excite）.
excited
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）They ______________.
他们让我们大笑起来。
made us laugh
（5）We must _________________________.
我们必须净化河水。
make the river water clean
（6）She must ________________the rules.
必须让她遵守规则。
be made to obey
知识点16 动词-ing形式作伴随状语
（P9）I stood there shaking.
我站在那里颤抖着。
知识拓展
句中的shaking作状语，表示伴随。
（1）动词-ing形式在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
（2）动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。当动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，则用动词-ing形式的完成式；当所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生时，则用动词-ing形式的一般式。
The dog entered the room，following the boy.
这条狗跟着男孩进了房间。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）_______（see） from the mountain top, I can see the whole village.
Seeing
（2）________（hear） the news，they all jumped with joy.
Hearing
（3）_____________（eat） his dinner，the boy rushed out.
Having eaten
名词性从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.If you appear interested in what people are saying, they'd feel more comfortable talking with you.
2.Whether he will win is all the same to me.
3.Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
4.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
5.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
我的发现 以上各句皆为主从复合句,句中用了相当于______作用的从句（即名词
性从句）,在句中充当成分。
第1句中名词性从句在句中作______的宾语,第3句中名词性从句在句中作动词的宾语。
第2句中名词性从句在句中作______,第5句用it作______主语,真正的主语是that引导
的从句。第4句中why引导______从句。
名词
介词
主语
形式
表语
探究点1 名词性从句的定义
在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句用陈述语序。
名词性从句常用的引导词如下：
（1）从属连词that、 whether、 if 等（只起连接作用,不作成分）；
（2）连接代词who（ever）、 what（ever）、 which（ever）、 whom（ever）等；
（3）连接副词how（ever）、 where（ever）、 when（ever）、 why等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）People wonder _____ Qizai is brown，given that his mother is black and white.
Scientists guess that it's due to some genetic mutation（基因突变）．
why
（2）Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and
______ drove the elephants to make their long trip is still unknown.
what
（3）They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed
viewers _____ they live and work inside the space station.
how
（4）The reason why he was late was _____he was caught in a traffic jam.
that
探究点2 主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句。若主语部分结构较长,可以用it作形式主语,把真正的主语从句放在后面。
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.
运动会是否会举办现在不能确定。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
That she will do well in her exam is certain.=It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
她在考试中会做得好,这是确定无疑的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）______ this happened is not clear to anyone.
How
（2）_________ they would support us was a problem.
Whether
探究点3 宾语从句
1.作及物动词的宾语
Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.
每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
2.作介词的宾语
Is there anything wrong in/with what I said
我说的有错吗
These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.
这两个地区夏天降水都很多,在这方面它们相似。
3.放在形容词后
形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词,如sure（确切的）、certain（肯定的）、afraid（担心的）、confident（有把握的）等。
I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.
我不确定火车是否会按时到达。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I asked him ______ his father had done so that he became such a good person.
what
（2）Our teacher always tells us to believe in ______ we do and _____ we are if
we want to succeed.
what
who
探究点4 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语,出现在连系动词之后,一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be、 look、 remain、 seem、sound等。
The question is whether we can finish the work in time.
问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。
The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.
事实依然是我们还不够先进。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）This is _________________________________________.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
where we usually think it's easier to give up
（2）The most important result for the user is _________________________________
__.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
that the product does what is intended
探究点5 同位语从句
同位语从句用于解释说明某一名词内容,总是跟在某一名词后面。后接同位语从句的名词主要是一些表示抽象意义的词,常见的有advice、fact、problem、news、idea、belief、suggestion等。
In the sixth century BC， Pythagoras put forward the idea that the earth is round.
公元前6世纪，毕达哥拉斯提出了“地球是圆的”的概念。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）One of the men holds the view _____ what the book said was right.
that
（2）They have no idea at all _____ he was questioned by the police.
why
（3）We should consider students' suggestion _____ the school library provide more
books on popular science.
that
探究点6 其他用法
1.当主句的主语是名词idea、advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等时,表语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“（should+）动词原形”。
My suggestion is that we （should） have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题,而不是把它放在一边。
2.it作形式主语
（1）It+不及物动词或短语的适当形式+that从句
It seems that... 好像……
It happened that... 碰巧……
It has turned out that... 结果……
（2）It+be+及物动词的动词-ed形式+that从句
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that... 人们认为……
It is hoped that... 大家希望……
It has been proved that... 已证明……
（3）It+be+形容词+that从句
It is necessary that... 有必要……
It is clear that... 很清楚……
It is （un）likely that... （不太）可能……
It is important that... 重要的是……
（4）It+be+名词+that从句
适用该句型的名词短语有a pity、 an honor、 a good thing、 a fact、 a surprise、 good news、 one's duty等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It's known to all _____ light travels in straight lines.
that
（2）The manager put forward a suggestion _____ we should have an assistant.
There is too much work to do.
that
（3）Soon, it is hoped _____ scientists can put the robot to work to protect the
Great Barrier Reef.
that
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.My mother always makes me ____（eat） vegetables.
eat
2.It doesn't interest me ________ you succeed or not.
whether
3.Anderson opened the window to let ____ the smoke.
out
4.You need to do something _________ （energy） and different.
energetic
5.As we all know, she is a ________ （talent） girl.
talented
6.There is nothing __________ （mystery） in her character.
mysterious
7.Can you tell me how to keep _________ （mental） healthy
mentally
8.What's the most ___________ （challenge） part of your role
challenging
Ⅱ.选词填空
go into； let out； a series of； be connected to； as for； play with； be full
of； in your lifetime； at high speed
1.It can _______________ different objects.
be connected to
2.The diver __________ the deep water beyond the danger limit.
went into
3.The notebooks ___________ drawings about all kinds of inventions.
are full of
4.My father was looking through the paper when he suddenly _______ a cry of
surprise.
let out
5.It is possible that the train travels _____________ without making much noise.
at high speed
6.Life is just ___________ present moments, and the choices we make in those
moments.
a series of
7._______ me, I'm very interested in basketball since it has been giving me strength
to face the challenges in my life.
As for
8.There are no other children in the family to __________ their only child.
play with
9.I wish all of you will have a good memory _______________ from this journey.
in your lifetime
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.This is a good way of ____________________ without hurting others or yourself.
（let out）
这是释放你的愤怒而不伤害他人或自己的好方法。
letting your anger out
2.___________________ are popular science books. （what引导主语从句）
我们最需要的是科普书籍。
What we need most
3.Henry is a worker ______________________.（as...as）
亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
as good as Peter （is）
4.There will be a football game _______________________________. （动词-ed形式
作定语）
七月底在天津将有一场足球比赛。
held in Tianjin at the end of July
5.The reason is _____________________ what to do next. （that引导表语从句）
原因是他不知道下一步该做什么。
that he does not know
