外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit5 Learning from nature Using language Grammar课件(共49张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit5 Learning from nature Using language Grammar课件(共49张PPT) |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-04-18 16:28:50 | ||
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(共49张PPT)
Unit 5
Using language
课 堂 学 习
Review: non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, ...
b ... it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
c Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
d Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
1 Look at the “to do” structures in sentences (a) and (b). Do they serve the same function in each sentence
2 In sentence (c), is the -ed form used as an adjective or a past participle Why does the author use the -ed form other than the -ing form
No, they don’t. “To explore” in sentence (a) serves as object and “to float” in sentence (b) serves as predicative.
The -ed form is used as an adjective. The author wants to describe the visitors’ feeling, so the -ed form is used.
3 What is the function of the -ing form in sentence (d)
The -ing form is used as subject.
Now look for more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1. In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
2. It is natural to think in this way,...
3. People whose interest is exploring the relationship...
4. To use biomimicry is to create structures...
学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
1.The girl_____________(dance) in the classroom now.
2.The girl___________(dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident.
3.The girl _________（dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.
is dancing
is dancing
dancing
总结：
当所给提示词是动词时, 若句中已有谓语动词, 又不是并列谓语时, 则要考虑填非谓语动词。
【语法讲解】
非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，共有三类：不定式、分词（现在分词、过去分词）和动名词。非谓语动词在句中不可单独做谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制，它在句中可以用作其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。
作主语：Roller skating on rough pavement invites accidents.
作宾语：He avoided talking about this.
作表语：My idea is to rent a bicycle.
非谓语动词的所有形式
不定式 现在分词 过去分词
一般式 to do doing done
一般式 被动 to be done being done 无
完成式 to have done having done 无
完成式 被动 to have been done having been done 无
CONTENTS
目录
非谓语
作主语
1
非谓语
作宾语
2
3
4
非谓语
作表语
非谓语
作定语
5
非谓语
作补足语
6
非谓语
作状语
The Eastgate Centre, Harare
一、非谓语作主语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1.To protect the environment is everyone’s duty.
2. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
3. Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth.
4. It is no use asking me. I know no more than you know.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______ 和_______。
主语
不定式
现在分词
非谓语动词作主语
[归纳用法]
1． ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，常用it作形式主语。
常用于固定句型：
It's a waste of time doing...；
It's no use/good doing...；
It is useless doing...；
There is no doing...
2．不定式作主语，一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用 it作形式主语。
3．it作形式主语时，不定式或 ing形式是真正的主语，放在句子后部，以使句子保持平衡。
It is +adj + for sb +to do
It is +adj+of sb +to do
The Algae House , Hamburg
非谓语动词作主语
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①His___________(come)late made the teacher very angry.
②It is no use___________ (cry)over spilt milk.
③___________(see)is to believe.
④It is important ___________(respect)people.
It is necessary for you ___________(give) up smoking.
coming
crying
To see
to respect
to give
The Algae House , Hamburg
非谓语动词作主语
二、非谓语作宾语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1. We agreed to meet here but so far she has not turned up yet.
2. David suggested selling your house and car to pay the debt.
3. I forgot to close the door.
4. I forgot writing the letter.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______；_______。
宾语
动词不定式
现在分词
总结： 1.只能用不定式作宾语的动词： decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish； refuse，manage，care，pretend；
offer，promise，choose，plan；
agree，ask/beg，help。
此外，afford，strive，happen，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
非谓语动词作宾语
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 2.只能用动名词作宾语的动词：
consider，suggest/advise，look forward to；excuse/pardon
admit，delay/put off，fancy(想象，设想)；
avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice；
deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate；
forbid，imagine，risk；
can't help(禁不住)，mind，allow/permit，escape
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
非谓语动词作宾语
总结：3.下列动词短语后也要用 ing形式作宾语
be used/accustomed to，lead to，devote to，go back to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，can't stand (无法忍受)，give up，feel like，insist on，thank...for，apologize for，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，spend time (in)，look forward to
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
to do 停止做某事 指停止做原来的事情
stop
doing 停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事
非谓语动词作宾语
dread doing sth. 害怕、担心做某事
dread to do sth. 不敢去做某事（表示对某事十分担忧）
后接不定式 后接动名词
regret to do sth.遗憾要去做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记已做过某事
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事
try to do sth.努力/企图去做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事
can't help (to)do sth.不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事
stop to do 停止做原来的事情 stop doing停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事
go on to do 继续做另外一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事
Hearing the doorbell,she stopped washing the dishes.
听见门铃声，她停止洗碗了。
Hearing the doorbell, she stopped to open the door.
听见门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。
I had meant to give you this book today，but I forgot.
我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour.
错过这辆火车意味着再等一小时。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①David refused ________(accept)my invitation.
②I had great difficulty ________(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
③Bill suggested ___________(hold)a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.
to accept
finding
holding
非谓语动词作表语
半系动词 词汇
感官性系动词
主观判断系动词
状态变化系动词
状态持续系动词
look(看起来)，feel(感到、摸上去)，smell(闻起来) , taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)
seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove(证明是)， turn out (结果是, 证明是) 等, etc.
become, get（常用来指人或物的状态的变化，become 接单数名词时,名词前接冠词）
turn (变成… +颜色,气味,天气,职业,年龄,时间等, 注意：接单数名词时, 单数名词前不接冠词 ),
grow（表成长,发展中的变化，常+ strong, tall, thick, healthy etc.),
go (多指朝坏的方面变化， 常+ wrong, bad, mad, hungry, blind etc),
come (表事物的发展转向好的状态，常+ all right, true, alive etc.),
fall（表进某种入状态 常+ ill, sick, silent, asleep etc.),
run (变得不好, 常+ dry, short, wild etc.)
remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)等.
如何判断是否是表语？---表语常位于系动词之后
除了 be 动词,其他的系动词（半系动词）大致可分为四类：
非谓语动词作表语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1.My job is to clean the rooms every day.
2.His wish is to be a doctor in the future.
3.Our job is playing all kinds of music.
4.The news is exicting.
5.We felt exicted.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语形式中可充其成分的有：
_______ ；_______；_______。
表语
动词不定式
现在分词
过去分词
to do 作表语
My real intention is not to hurt her best friend.
My job is to promote the new product.
(1)不定式:说明主语内容，具体、特定、未来
主语通常是抽象名词：
aim/ purpose/ idea/ intention/ plan/ wish/ decision/ choice/need
to do 作表语
She is to return next week.
It was about to leave when it started to rain.
(2)be to do 可构成将来时态,
表 “准备/打算/计划/需要”;
动名词 作表语
His job is collecting folk songs.
As friends, our duty is caring about each other.
说明主语内容，一般或习惯性的动作
现在分词作表语
The spy story was thrilling.
The news is shocking.
说明主语的特征，翻译为”令人……的”
过去分词作表语
He was thrilled at the suggestion.
The door remained locked.
（1）说明主语的感受或状态，翻译为“感到……的”
常跟在以下连系动词后作表语：
be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become
过去分词作表语
The book is well written.
The book was written by Mo Yan.
（2）过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别
“be+过去分词”：
表示状态时，是系表结构，分词形容词化；
表示动词时，是被动语态，动词执行者由介词by引出。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The queen's work is _______(lay)eggs.
②The purpose of education is________(develop)a fine personality in children.
③The next step is __________(make)sure that you know exactly what is required.
④His ambition is _________(go)Harvard University.
laying
to develop
to make
to go
2
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1___________________ (draw) inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou. The main principle of its design is 2___________________ (recreate) natural landscapes in miniature. First established in the Ming Dynasty, the original garden contained a rockery to symbolise Tiantai Mountain. Pine and bamboo groves were added later, along with a pond and an island. Visitors would be 3___________________ (astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features. Visitors are also supposed 4___________________ (explore) it scene-by-scene. This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish, to a tree in blossom, a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
Drawing
to recreate / recreating
astonished
to explore
3
Read the information below and write a paragraph introducing the 24 Solar Terms with the words in the box. Use the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.
Origin
created by farmers in Ancient China
based on Chinese lunar calendar
determined by the changes in the position of the sun
Significance
changes in weather mean a lot to farmers
determine the best time to sow and harvest
wisdom learnt from nature
First term
Beginning of Spring
days become longer and the temperature increases
Cultural heritage
added to UNESCO's List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms...
learn determine show amaze use
Sample:
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms, which were based on observation of changes of seasons, astronomy and other natural phenomena. Indicating changes in weather conditions, the 24 Solar Terms remain of particular importance to farmers for guiding their practices. The first term is known as “Beginning of Spring”, and marks when days become longer and the temperature begins to increase. Nowadays, the 24 Solar Terms not only apply to farming, but also guide Chinese people in everyday life. So varied are the functions of the Solar Terms and their contributions to cultural identity, that in 2016, they were added to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
4
Work in pairs. Talk about one of the Solar Terms using the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.
立春 the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term)
雨水 Rain Water (2nd solar term)
惊蛰 the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term)
春分 the Spring Equinox (4th solar term)
清明 Pure Brightness (5th solar term)
谷雨 Grain Rain (6th solar term)
立夏 the Beginning of Summer (7th solar term)
小满 Lesser Fullness of Grain (8th solar term)
芒种 Grain in Beard (9th solar term)
夏至 the Summer Solstice (10th solar term)
小暑 Lesser Heat (11th solar term)
大暑 Greater Heat (12th solar term)
立秋 the Beginning of Autumn (13th solar term)
处暑 the End of Heat (14th solar term)
白露 White Dew (15th solar term)
秋分 the Autumn Equinox (16th solar term)
寒露 Cold Dew (17th solar term)
霜降 Frost's Descent (18th solar term)
立冬 the Beginning of Winter (19th solar term)
小雪 Lesser Snow (20th solar term)
大雪 Greater Snow (21st solar term)
冬至 the Winter Solstice (22nd solar term)
小寒 Lesser Cold (23rd solar term)
大寒 Greater Cold (24th solar term)
Activity 5 Read the passage about biomimicry and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
1 What are the types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage What else do you know about them
One is copying form and shape. Another one is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals.
2 What other examples of biomimicry can you think of Share them with the class.
Activity 6 Complete the information with the words and expressions in Activity 5.
1 taking inspiration from
2 Copying
3 observing
4 inspired by
5 seeking solutions to
Activity 8 Read the passage and answer the questions.
1 Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal movements
2 What were Hua Tuo’s achivements
Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that other animals possess in order to survive in the wild.
Hua Tuo created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician to use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was known as the best physician of his time and he was an expert in acupuncture.
Activity 9 Listen to the conversation about Wu Qin Xi and tick the topics mentioned by the speakers.
Activity 10 Listen again and complete the introduction to Wu Qin Xi.
1 identified with a form of exercise
2 the / their organs to work better
3 does good to
4 the heart to work well
5 deer exercise
6 good for the lung
7 to live to an advanced age
8 more than 90 years of age
9 mental benefits
10 to relax the mind and improve concentration
Activity 11 Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
Talking about benefits
Showing interest
By…, you learn…
It helps people to…
…is good for…
Really
That’s interesting!
That’s very impressive.
Sounds great!
1. Review the use of non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative.
2. Make some sentences with non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative.
Unit 5
Using language
课 堂 学 习
Review: non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, ...
b ... it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
c Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
d Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
1 Look at the “to do” structures in sentences (a) and (b). Do they serve the same function in each sentence
2 In sentence (c), is the -ed form used as an adjective or a past participle Why does the author use the -ed form other than the -ing form
No, they don’t. “To explore” in sentence (a) serves as object and “to float” in sentence (b) serves as predicative.
The -ed form is used as an adjective. The author wants to describe the visitors’ feeling, so the -ed form is used.
3 What is the function of the -ing form in sentence (d)
The -ing form is used as subject.
Now look for more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1. In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
2. It is natural to think in this way,...
3. People whose interest is exploring the relationship...
4. To use biomimicry is to create structures...
学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
1.The girl_____________(dance) in the classroom now.
2.The girl___________(dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident.
3.The girl _________（dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.
is dancing
is dancing
dancing
总结：
当所给提示词是动词时, 若句中已有谓语动词, 又不是并列谓语时, 则要考虑填非谓语动词。
【语法讲解】
非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，共有三类：不定式、分词（现在分词、过去分词）和动名词。非谓语动词在句中不可单独做谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制，它在句中可以用作其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。
作主语：Roller skating on rough pavement invites accidents.
作宾语：He avoided talking about this.
作表语：My idea is to rent a bicycle.
非谓语动词的所有形式
不定式 现在分词 过去分词
一般式 to do doing done
一般式 被动 to be done being done 无
完成式 to have done having done 无
完成式 被动 to have been done having been done 无
CONTENTS
目录
非谓语
作主语
1
非谓语
作宾语
2
3
4
非谓语
作表语
非谓语
作定语
5
非谓语
作补足语
6
非谓语
作状语
The Eastgate Centre, Harare
一、非谓语作主语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1.To protect the environment is everyone’s duty.
2. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
3. Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth.
4. It is no use asking me. I know no more than you know.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______ 和_______。
主语
不定式
现在分词
非谓语动词作主语
[归纳用法]
1． ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，常用it作形式主语。
常用于固定句型：
It's a waste of time doing...；
It's no use/good doing...；
It is useless doing...；
There is no doing...
2．不定式作主语，一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用 it作形式主语。
3．it作形式主语时，不定式或 ing形式是真正的主语，放在句子后部，以使句子保持平衡。
It is +adj + for sb +to do
It is +adj+of sb +to do
The Algae House , Hamburg
非谓语动词作主语
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①His___________(come)late made the teacher very angry.
②It is no use___________ (cry)over spilt milk.
③___________(see)is to believe.
④It is important ___________(respect)people.
It is necessary for you ___________(give) up smoking.
coming
crying
To see
to respect
to give
The Algae House , Hamburg
非谓语动词作主语
二、非谓语作宾语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1. We agreed to meet here but so far she has not turned up yet.
2. David suggested selling your house and car to pay the debt.
3. I forgot to close the door.
4. I forgot writing the letter.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语中可充当其成分的有：_______；_______。
宾语
动词不定式
现在分词
总结： 1.只能用不定式作宾语的动词： decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish； refuse，manage，care，pretend；
offer，promise，choose，plan；
agree，ask/beg，help。
此外，afford，strive，happen，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
非谓语动词作宾语
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 2.只能用动名词作宾语的动词：
consider，suggest/advise，look forward to；excuse/pardon
admit，delay/put off，fancy(想象，设想)；
avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice；
deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate；
forbid，imagine，risk；
can't help(禁不住)，mind，allow/permit，escape
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
非谓语动词作宾语
总结：3.下列动词短语后也要用 ing形式作宾语
be used/accustomed to，lead to，devote to，go back to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，can't stand (无法忍受)，give up，feel like，insist on，thank...for，apologize for，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，spend time (in)，look forward to
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
非谓语动词作宾语
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
总结： 4.动词后面既可以接to do 也可以接doing,意思不一样
to do 停止做某事 指停止做原来的事情
stop
doing 停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事
非谓语动词作宾语
dread doing sth. 害怕、担心做某事
dread to do sth. 不敢去做某事（表示对某事十分担忧）
后接不定式 后接动名词
regret to do sth.遗憾要去做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记已做过某事
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事
try to do sth.努力/企图去做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事
can't help (to)do sth.不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事
stop to do 停止做原来的事情 stop doing停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事
go on to do 继续做另外一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事
Hearing the doorbell,she stopped washing the dishes.
听见门铃声，她停止洗碗了。
Hearing the doorbell, she stopped to open the door.
听见门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。
I had meant to give you this book today，but I forgot.
我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour.
错过这辆火车意味着再等一小时。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①David refused ________(accept)my invitation.
②I had great difficulty ________(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
③Bill suggested ___________(hold)a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.
to accept
finding
holding
非谓语动词作表语
半系动词 词汇
感官性系动词
主观判断系动词
状态变化系动词
状态持续系动词
look(看起来)，feel(感到、摸上去)，smell(闻起来) , taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)
seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove(证明是)， turn out (结果是, 证明是) 等, etc.
become, get（常用来指人或物的状态的变化，become 接单数名词时,名词前接冠词）
turn (变成… +颜色,气味,天气,职业,年龄,时间等, 注意：接单数名词时, 单数名词前不接冠词 ),
grow（表成长,发展中的变化，常+ strong, tall, thick, healthy etc.),
go (多指朝坏的方面变化， 常+ wrong, bad, mad, hungry, blind etc),
come (表事物的发展转向好的状态，常+ all right, true, alive etc.),
fall（表进某种入状态 常+ ill, sick, silent, asleep etc.),
run (变得不好, 常+ dry, short, wild etc.)
remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)等.
如何判断是否是表语？---表语常位于系动词之后
除了 be 动词,其他的系动词（半系动词）大致可分为四类：
非谓语动词作表语
Look at Sentences and answer questions：
1.My job is to clean the rooms every day.
2.His wish is to be a doctor in the future.
3.Our job is playing all kinds of music.
4.The news is exicting.
5.We felt exicted.
划线部分充当的句子成分为：_______
非谓语形式中可充其成分的有：
_______ ；_______；_______。
表语
动词不定式
现在分词
过去分词
to do 作表语
My real intention is not to hurt her best friend.
My job is to promote the new product.
(1)不定式:说明主语内容，具体、特定、未来
主语通常是抽象名词：
aim/ purpose/ idea/ intention/ plan/ wish/ decision/ choice/need
to do 作表语
She is to return next week.
It was about to leave when it started to rain.
(2)be to do 可构成将来时态,
表 “准备/打算/计划/需要”;
动名词 作表语
His job is collecting folk songs.
As friends, our duty is caring about each other.
说明主语内容，一般或习惯性的动作
现在分词作表语
The spy story was thrilling.
The news is shocking.
说明主语的特征，翻译为”令人……的”
过去分词作表语
He was thrilled at the suggestion.
The door remained locked.
（1）说明主语的感受或状态，翻译为“感到……的”
常跟在以下连系动词后作表语：
be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become
过去分词作表语
The book is well written.
The book was written by Mo Yan.
（2）过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别
“be+过去分词”：
表示状态时，是系表结构，分词形容词化；
表示动词时，是被动语态，动词执行者由介词by引出。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The queen's work is _______(lay)eggs.
②The purpose of education is________(develop)a fine personality in children.
③The next step is __________(make)sure that you know exactly what is required.
④His ambition is _________(go)Harvard University.
laying
to develop
to make
to go
2
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1___________________ (draw) inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou. The main principle of its design is 2___________________ (recreate) natural landscapes in miniature. First established in the Ming Dynasty, the original garden contained a rockery to symbolise Tiantai Mountain. Pine and bamboo groves were added later, along with a pond and an island. Visitors would be 3___________________ (astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features. Visitors are also supposed 4___________________ (explore) it scene-by-scene. This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish, to a tree in blossom, a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
Drawing
to recreate / recreating
astonished
to explore
3
Read the information below and write a paragraph introducing the 24 Solar Terms with the words in the box. Use the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.
Origin
created by farmers in Ancient China
based on Chinese lunar calendar
determined by the changes in the position of the sun
Significance
changes in weather mean a lot to farmers
determine the best time to sow and harvest
wisdom learnt from nature
First term
Beginning of Spring
days become longer and the temperature increases
Cultural heritage
added to UNESCO's List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms...
learn determine show amaze use
Sample:
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms, which were based on observation of changes of seasons, astronomy and other natural phenomena. Indicating changes in weather conditions, the 24 Solar Terms remain of particular importance to farmers for guiding their practices. The first term is known as “Beginning of Spring”, and marks when days become longer and the temperature begins to increase. Nowadays, the 24 Solar Terms not only apply to farming, but also guide Chinese people in everyday life. So varied are the functions of the Solar Terms and their contributions to cultural identity, that in 2016, they were added to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
4
Work in pairs. Talk about one of the Solar Terms using the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.
立春 the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term)
雨水 Rain Water (2nd solar term)
惊蛰 the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term)
春分 the Spring Equinox (4th solar term)
清明 Pure Brightness (5th solar term)
谷雨 Grain Rain (6th solar term)
立夏 the Beginning of Summer (7th solar term)
小满 Lesser Fullness of Grain (8th solar term)
芒种 Grain in Beard (9th solar term)
夏至 the Summer Solstice (10th solar term)
小暑 Lesser Heat (11th solar term)
大暑 Greater Heat (12th solar term)
立秋 the Beginning of Autumn (13th solar term)
处暑 the End of Heat (14th solar term)
白露 White Dew (15th solar term)
秋分 the Autumn Equinox (16th solar term)
寒露 Cold Dew (17th solar term)
霜降 Frost's Descent (18th solar term)
立冬 the Beginning of Winter (19th solar term)
小雪 Lesser Snow (20th solar term)
大雪 Greater Snow (21st solar term)
冬至 the Winter Solstice (22nd solar term)
小寒 Lesser Cold (23rd solar term)
大寒 Greater Cold (24th solar term)
Activity 5 Read the passage about biomimicry and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
1 What are the types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage What else do you know about them
One is copying form and shape. Another one is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals.
2 What other examples of biomimicry can you think of Share them with the class.
Activity 6 Complete the information with the words and expressions in Activity 5.
1 taking inspiration from
2 Copying
3 observing
4 inspired by
5 seeking solutions to
Activity 8 Read the passage and answer the questions.
1 Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal movements
2 What were Hua Tuo’s achivements
Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that other animals possess in order to survive in the wild.
Hua Tuo created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician to use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was known as the best physician of his time and he was an expert in acupuncture.
Activity 9 Listen to the conversation about Wu Qin Xi and tick the topics mentioned by the speakers.
Activity 10 Listen again and complete the introduction to Wu Qin Xi.
1 identified with a form of exercise
2 the / their organs to work better
3 does good to
4 the heart to work well
5 deer exercise
6 good for the lung
7 to live to an advanced age
8 more than 90 years of age
9 mental benefits
10 to relax the mind and improve concentration
Activity 11 Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
Talking about benefits
Showing interest
By…, you learn…
It helps people to…
…is good for…
Really
That’s interesting!
That’s very impressive.
Sounds great!
1. Review the use of non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative.
2. Make some sentences with non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative.