潮阳一中明光学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考
英语试卷
（本试卷四大题，满分150分，考试用时120分钟）
第一部分： 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Location
St Helena is one of the remotest islands on Earth. The subtropical (亚热带的) British Overseas Territory sits in the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean, 1,200 miles from the west coast of Africa and 1,800 miles from the east coast of South America.
Size Population
St Helena is only 16 km long and 9 km wide and the population is 5,000. This is 1/3 the size of the Isle of Wight, and the same size as Disney World Orlando. This is also the same size as San Francisco―yet the island has just 0.5% of San Francisco’s population. With an extremely low-crime community, you can freely explore the island’s natural and built attractions in peace.
Climate
As a subtropical island, St Helena’s temperature is 15-28°C all year round. While the four seasons are not recognized on St Helena, the “cooler months” are generally June to September and the “hotter months” are December to March. St Helena is free from extreme weather events, with even thunderstorms only occurring perhaps once a decade.
Accessibility
Until 2017, St Helena did not have an airport and was only accessible by sea. Reaching the island meant a five-day ship voyage from Cape Town, South Africa. However, since October 2017, the island’s first and only airport has enabled passengers to reach the island in just a six-hour flight.
1. In what aspect are St Helena and San Francisco alike
A. Area. B. Population. C. Climate. D. Crime rate.
2. What can best describe the climate of St Helena
A. Tropical. B. Dry. C. Extreme. D. Mild.
3. How could visitors gain entry into St Helena before 2017
A. By plane. B. By ship. C. By car. D. By bike.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了圣赫勒拿岛的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This is also the same size as San Francisco (这也和旧金山一样大)”可知，二者共同之处是面积大小一样。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节解题。根据第三段中“As a subtropical island, St Helena’s temperature is 15 -28°C all year round. (圣赫勒拿岛属亚热带岛屿，全年气温为15 -28°C。)”和“St Helena is free from extreme weather events (圣赫勒拿岛没有极端天气事件)”可知，此地气候是业热带气候，较温和。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Until 2017, St Helena did not have an airport and was only accessible by sea. (直到2017年，圣赫勒拿岛还没有机场，只能通过海路到达。)”可知，2017 年以前都只能通过坐船到达该岛。故选B。
B
About 30 years ago, an acoustic neuroma (听神经瘤) was found inside my body. The removal of the neuroma caused my temporary balance issues and permanent hearing loss in one ear. Apart from this, I was fine.
Unexpectedly, the neuroma came back years later. It had to be removed again. Otherwise it would threaten the rest of my brain. When I awoke from the second operation, I had stroke-like symptoms. The whole right side of my body almost stopped functioning, and still does.
Overnight my whole identity had changed. I used to effortlessly leap up the stairs two at a time, but now it takes fifteen minutes to struggle. Attempts at the recovery of the old me proved to be fruitless. My family role also shifted from a father to a dependent child, and coupled with my communication problems, this led to increased frustration (沮丧) and anger.
There were concerns too about whether I would ever be accepted again in the wider world. Soon after this I just managed to swim in a pool. A ten-year-old boy I didn’t know came up and asked me if I had been on the water slide yet. As politely as possible, I said no, and we struck up a conversation about it. For the first time a stranger was speaking to me as an equal like before. Though insignificant then, it opened doors to a whole new way of being seen, and seeing myself.
To make sure the neuroma did not reappear, I received radiation treatment for two hours regularly, during which I loved listening to music by Tom Waits, an eccentric (古 怪的) singer most people dislike, but I don’t care. For me, life after brain injury is like Waits’ odd works. Out of failure, ugliness, and horror-the most unpromising raw material-a beautiful diamond can be created that shines out even more brightly because of its dark surroundings.
4. What happened to the author after his single-sided deafness
A. He lost the ability to keep balance.
B. His acoustic neuroma regrew.
C. He underwent two operations in a row.
D. His vision was accidentally damaged.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The author’s efforts to rebuild his disabled body.
B. The author’s self-reflection on his cultural identity.
C. The different attitudes of the author’s family to him.
D. The considerable impact of the author’s brain injury.
6. How did the author find his talk with the boy
A Reasonable. B. Engaging. C. Life-changing. D. In-depth.
7. What lesson did the author learn from Tom Waits’ music
A. Music is the universal language of mankind.
B. Suffering often leads to new self-discovery.
C. Kindness is the language that the deaf can hear.
D. Live for yourself, not for the approval of others.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者神经瘤复发后，造成了脑损伤，对他影响很大，但是一次作者与一个小男孩平等地对话，改变了他的生活，让他以全新的方式看待自己。作者感悟到：苦难常常会带来新的自我发现。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The removal of the neuroma caused my temporary balance issues and permanent hearing loss in one ear.(神经瘤的切除导致了我暂时的平衡问题和一只耳朵的永久性听力损失。)”和第二段中“Unexpectedly, the neuroma came back years later.(没想到几年后神经瘤又复发了。)”可知，作者单侧耳聋后，他的听神经瘤又长出来了。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Overnight my whole identity had changed. I used to effortlessly leap up the stairs two at a time, but now it takes fifteen minutes to struggle. Attempts at the recovery of the old me proved to be fruitless. My family role also shifted from a father to a dependent child, and coupled with my communication problems, this led to increased frustration (沮丧) and anger.(一夜之间，我的整个身份都变了。以前我可以毫不费力地一次跳两层楼梯，但现在需要十五分钟才能挣扎。恢复旧我的尝试被证明是徒劳的。我的家庭角色也从父亲转变为受抚养的孩子，再加上我的沟通问题，这导致我的沮丧和愤怒增加。)”可知，第三段主要讲了作者的脑损伤对他影响很大。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“For the first time a stranger was speaking to me as an equal like before. Though insignificant then, it opened doors to a whole new way of being seen, and seeing myself.(第一次有一个陌生人像以前一样平等地和我说话。虽然当时微不足道，但它为人们以全新的方式被看待和看待自己打开了大门。)”可推知，作者认为与男孩的谈话改变了他的生活，让他以全新的方式看待自己，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For me, life after brain injury is like Waits’odd works. Out of failure, ugliness, and horror-the most unpromising raw material-a beautiful diamond can be created that shines out even more brightly because of its dark surroundings.(对我来说，脑损伤后的生活就像Waits的奇葩作品。从失败、丑陋和恐怖这些最没有希望的原材料中，可以创造出一颗美丽的钻石，它在黑暗的环境中更加闪耀)”可知，作者认为Waits的音乐作品让他懂得，失败、丑陋和恐怖这些最没有希望的原材料可以创造出一颗美丽的钻石，它在黑暗的环境中更加闪耀，这说明作者意识到自己经历的疾病苦难，会让他更加闪耀，由此可推知，作者从Tom Waits的音乐中学到的教训是：苦难常常会带来新的自我发现，故选B。
C
Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been burning hot under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke, and some even died of this disease.
In a warming world, the risks of heatwaves are increasing. According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from about 4000 persons per year in the 1980s to nearly 16000 persons per year in the 2010s.
“Over the past four decades, the main drivers of the large increase in heatwave-related deaths in China are the rapid increase in the frequency of heatwaves, followed by population growth, population aging, and rising baseline mortality (基线死亡率),” said Prof. Huang Cunrui, a researcher from Tsinghua University.
High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture (水分) and hurt the growth of corn, cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people. China has witnessed a range of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall, flooding, tornadoes and record heatwaves this year.
Experts say that while extreme summer heat is not entirely new, these sorts of occurrences could be something that becomes a standard part of life, requiring people to start learning how to cope with heatwaves that may continue for the rest of summer and well into the future.
Remember that even healthy, young athletes can be harmed by extreme heat, so every activity, indoors or outdoors, should be evaluated when extreme heat hits. We are supposed to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment.
8. Compared with the 1980s, the deaths from heatwaves per year in the 2010s has increased by _or so.
A. twice B. three times C. four times D. five times
9 What is the main cause of the increasing heatwave-related deaths in China
A. The larger amount of outdoor workers.
B. The aging of the population.
C. The rise in the number of the total population.
D. The increasing frequency of heatwaves.
10. What does the underlined word “accelerate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. decline. B. regulate. C. quicken. D. advocate.
11. Where would you be most likely to find this passage
A. In a sports journal. B. In a brochure.
C. In a newspaper. D. On a poster board.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了自2022年夏初以来，中国一直处于几十年来最严重的热浪之下，同时文章说明了热浪所造成的危害以及应对的措施。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from about 4000 persons per year in the 1980s to nearly 16000 persons per year in the 2010s.(根据一项研究，自1979年以来，中国因热浪造成的死亡人数迅速增加，从20世纪80年代的每年约4000人增加到2010年代的每年近16000人。)”可知，与20世纪80年代相比，2010年代每年死于热浪的人数增加的是“（16000-4000）÷4000=3倍”，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第三段中“Over the past four decades, the main drivers of the large increase in heatwave-related deaths in China are the rapid increase in the frequency of heatwaves.(过去40年里，中国与热浪相关的死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。)”可知，中国与热浪相关的死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“High temperatures(高温)”和“the loss in soil moisture(土壤水分的流失)”可知，高温会加速土壤水分的流失，因此划线词accelerate的意思是“加速”，和quicken意思相近，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been burning hot under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke, and some even died of this disease.(自2022年入夏以来，中国遭遇了几十年来最严重的热浪。浙江、河南、江苏和四川等省的一些人被诊断为热截瘫，这是最严重的中暑形式，有些人甚至死于这种疾病。)”可知，本文主要讲的是自2022年夏初以来，中国一直处于几十年来最严重的热浪之下，同时文章说明了热浪所造成的危害以及应对的措施，文章具有时效性，是新闻报道，因此最有可能在报纸上读到。故选C。
D
For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad ”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
12. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior
A. They are interested in acting. B. They are shy with the strangers.
C. They are fond of their playmates. D. They are tired of playing games.
13. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids
A. Design games for them. B. Find them suitable playmates.
C. Play together with them. D. Help them understand social rules.
14. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4
A. Giving examples. B. Explaining concepts.
C. Providing evidence. D. Making comparisons.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. How Children Adapt to Changes B. How to Be a Role Model for Children
C. How Your Baby Learns to Love D. How to Communicate with Your Kid
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幼儿时期友谊对儿童社交能力发展的重要性，并探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式和可能出现的问题。同时，文章还提供了一些建议和方法，帮助家长在幼儿社交互动中发挥积极作用，培养他们的同情心和表达能力，学会发展友谊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.(此外，蹒跚学步的孩子表现出他们喜欢其他孩子的方式与成年人认为的友谊表达方式明显不同。哥伦布俄亥俄州立大学的研究发现，一个蹒跚学步的孩子在玩耍时说“我喜欢你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行为)”可知，蹒跚学步的孩子模仿朋友的行为说明他们喜欢玩伴，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them(通过游戏体验，幼儿学习社交规则。这就是在你蹒跚学步孩子的社交活动中，通过设定限制和经常提醒它们是什么，来发挥积极作用是如此重要的原因，当您制定这些指导方针时，请解释其背后的原因)”可知，作者建议家长在孩子的社交生活中设定限制，并且经常提醒孩子们这些限制，也就是社交规则，帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D项。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad ”)(首先帮助孩子学会同情（(本在哭。是什么让他这么伤心 ”）)”以及“then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”)(然后建议他如何解决这个问题(“如果你让他打球，也许他会感觉好些。”))”可知，这些引用是通过举例说明这两个建议：帮助孩子学会同情并解决问题，故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation(对很多孩子来说，蹒跚学步是建立友谊的重要时刻。研究表明，孩子们越早学会建立积极的关系，他们在青少年和成年人时期就越善于与他人建立联系。一起玩耍也有助于这些孩子练习社交行为，如友善、分享和合作)”、第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are(通过游戏体验，幼儿学习社会规则。这就是在你蹒跚学步的孩子的社交活动中，通过设定限制和经常提醒它们是什么，来发挥积极作用是如此重要的原因)”以及最后一段“Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel.( 另一种鼓励健康社交的方法是鼓励孩子用语言而不是拳头来表达他们的感受。)”可知，本文主要讲的是家长如何帮助孩子学会爱，学会发展友谊，故选C项。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（注意：选E涂“AB”；选F涂“AC”；选G涂“AD”）
With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our “to do” list. So maybe it would help if there was “a best time” to exercise Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals ___16___ No matter who you are, or when you like to work out, it is okey.
___17___ Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism.
So, good news is for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person ___18___ For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.
But our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences. Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man ___19___ But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.
So what time is best ___20___
A. Evening is better for you.
B. The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think.
C. It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!
D. There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning.
E. You can hurt yourself by more exercising in the afternoon or evening.
F. Many people have more free time in the morning than later in the day.
G. Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些关于锻炼的知识。
【16题详解】
根据上文“With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our “to do” list. So maybe it would help if there was “a best time” to exercise Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals ( 在我们已经忙碌的生活中，找时间锻炼就像是我们“要做”的清单上的另一件事。所以，如果有一个锻炼的“最佳时间”，也许会有所帮助？在特定的时间锻炼能帮助我们最大限度地实现健身目标吗？)”可知，本句主要回答上文“在特定的时间锻炼能帮助我们最大限度地实现健身目标吗？”这一问题，故B选项“答案是肯定的，但这比你想象的要容易”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容“Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism.(与一天中的晚些时候相比，我们中的许多人有更多的空闲时间，因此对我们来说，坚持晨练可能更容易。发表在《体育与锻炼医学与科学》上的一项研究发现，早上锻炼的参与者，在一天中增加了他们的体力活动，更少被食物分散注意力，睡眠更好。早餐前空腹锻炼也能燃烧更多脂肪，促进新陈代谢)”可知，本段的主旨是晨练的好处，故D选项“早上锻炼有明显的好处”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.(例如，根据2010年斯堪的纳维亚医学和体育科学杂志的一项研究，你的身体在下午的表现能力达到顶峰。此外，在下午和晚上，你的反应时间最快，你的心率和血压最低，这减少了你受伤的机会，同时提高了表现)”可知，本句主要引起下文，且后文提到了下午和晚上锻炼的不同好处。故G选项“在下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是好处不同”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man (如果你是女性，想要降低血压？早上锻炼。想要改善你的心脏健康，而你是一个男人？)”可知，本句主要说明适合男性锻炼的时间，故A选项“晚上比较合适”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So what time is best (所以什么时间最合适呢？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，结合文章主要说明了不同时间、不同性别之间锻炼的好处，可知最佳的时间是最适合自己的时间。故C选项“答案似乎是：最适合你的时候！”符合语境，故选C。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sumiel, a 71-year-old, was no stranger to the struggles of kidney (肾) disease. He was on the transplant list (移植名单), but no matches had yet____21____ . So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.
One day, he took a taxi home after his____22____with the doctor. As they set out on the 40 minute____23____to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver, Letts, got to____24____. Sumiel mentioned that he’d enjoyed____25____and helped others in his community before. But he was doing less these days because the treatments left him____26____tired. Then Sumiel revealed that he was____27____a kidney giver. Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a____28____to give you a kidney.” Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t____29____much of it as they kept driving.
Letts was_____30_____to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had_____31_____the kidney transplant program. After a month’s long screening_____32_____—including an interview, sharing medical records, and testing the_____33_____were: Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
Fourteen months after they ended up in the same taxi by_____34_____, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a_____35_____. They kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could reunite.
21.
A. happened B. appeared C. proved D. showed
22.
A. argument B. agreement C. promise D. appointment
23.
A. drive B. walk C. chance D. march
24.
A. bargaining B. complaining C. chatting D. reasoning
25.
A. struggling B. volunteering C. competing D. wandering
26.
A. usually B. basically C. extremely D. normally
27.
A. searching for B. picking out C. preparing for D. getting through
28.
A. partner B. game C. pair D. match
29.
A. predict B. think C. learn D. work
30.
A. fair B. strange C. true D. certain
31.
A. contacted B. connected C. abandoned D. launched
32.
A. decision B. operation C. practice D. process
33.
A. solutions B. results C. purposes D. evidences
34.
A. arrangement B. design C. chance D. invitation
35.
A. success B. task C. responsibility D. glory
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了71的 Sumiel因为肾衰竭需要肾移植，但是找不到合适的肾源。有一天Sumiel打了一辆出租车回家，他在车上和出租车司机Letts闲聊时告诉了司机他的困境。出租车司机说他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的肾适合移植给Sumiel，并且手术很成功的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。A. happened发生；B. appeared出现；C. proved证明；D. showed展现。根据“He was on the transplant list(移植名单), but no matches had yet”和下文“So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.”可知，Sumiel在移植名单上，但是却没有匹配者出现。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，他在看完医生后乘出租车回家。A. argument争论；B. agreement协议；C. promise承诺；D. appointment预约，会面。根据上文“he continued with his treatments”可知，此处是看完医生预约后乘坐出租车回家。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在驱车40分钟前往苏米尔在塞勒姆的家时，他和司机莱茨聊了起来。A. drive驾驶；B. walk步行；C. chance机会；D. march行进，行军。根据“set out on the 40 minute____3____to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver”可知，此处表示在驾驶期间，他们开始聊天。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在驱车40分钟前往苏米尔在塞勒姆的家时，他和司机莱茨聊了起来。A. bargaining讨价还价；B. complaining抱怨；C. chatting聊天；D. reasoning推断。根据下文“Sumiel mentioned that…”可知，两个人开始闲聊起来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏米尔提到他以前很喜欢做志愿者，帮助社区里的其他人。A. struggling奋斗，努力；B. volunteering志愿；C. competing竞争；D. wandering漫步。根据下文“helped others in his community before”可知，此处表示Sumiel提到很喜欢做志愿者。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是这些天他做得少了，因为治疗让他极度疲劳。A. usually通常；B. basically基本上；C. extremely极其；D. normally正常。根据“because the treatments left him____6____tired”可知，治疗让Sumiel极其疲劳。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，苏米尔透露他正在寻找一个捐肾者。A. searching for搜寻；B. picking out挑选出；C. preparing for为……准备；D. getting through度过，通过。根据后文“Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a____8____to give you a kidney.””可知，Sumiel正在寻找肾源。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想看看我是否能成为一个匹配者，给你一个肾。A. partner伙伴；B. game游戏，比赛；C. pair一对；D. match匹配者。根据上文“but no matches had yet____1____ .”可知，Letts告诉Sumiel看是否自己能成为一个匹配者。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏米尔同意了，随着他们继续开车，他并没有多想。A. predict预测；B. think思考；C. learn学习；D. work工作。根据“Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t____9____much of it as they kept driving.”可知，虽然苏米尔同意了，但是他并没有当真，所以没有想太多。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莱茨信守诺言。A. fair公平的；B. strange奇怪的；C. true真实的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had____11____the kidney transplant program.”可知，Letts对于他的话是认真的。be true to“忠实于”符合题意。故选C项。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，他就联系上了苏米尔，到了下个星期，莱茨联系了肾脏移植项目。A. contacted联系；B. connected连接；C. abandoned放弃；D. launched发动，发起。根据“the kidney transplant program”可知，Letts联系上了移植中心。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一个月漫长的筛选过程，包括面试、分享医疗记录和测试，结果是：莱茨是一个理想的捐赠者，他和苏米尔是完美的一对。A. decision决定；B. operation手术；C. practice练习；D. process过程。根据下文“—including an interview, sharing medical records, and testing”可知，这是漫长的筛选过程。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一个月漫长的筛选过程，包括面试、分享医疗记录和测试，结果是：莱茨是一个理想的捐赠者，他和苏米尔是完美的一对。A. solutions解决方案；B. results结果；C. purposes目的；D. evidences证据。根据下文“Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.”可知，这里描述的筛选的结果。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们偶然乘坐同一辆出租车的14个月后，苏米尔和莱茨接受了手术。A. arrangement安排；B. design设计；C. chance机会；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“As they set out on the 40 minute____3____to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver, Letts, got to____4____.”可知，两人是偶然乘坐同一辆出租车的，by chance意思为：偶然。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它成功了。A. success成功；B. task任务；C. responsibility责任；D. glory荣耀。根据下文“They kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could reunite.”可知，手术成功了。故选A项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for ___36___ (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting ___37___ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ___38___ old fashioned fountain pens.
Fountain pens ___39___ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer ___40___ (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new one.
So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (improve) he sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his own writing. He knows that computers are here ___44___ (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of ____45____ (they).
【答案】36. keyboards
37. is 38. with
39. were used
40. simply 41. a
42. improvement
43. and 44. to stay
45. themselves
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在苏格兰的一所小学里，诺曼·刘易斯让学生使用老式钢笔写字取得良好效果的故事。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词for可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keyboard为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keyboards。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词one指代可数名词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是improvement，为不可数名词。故填improvement。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语in his students’ writing和空格后的短语in his own writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词are可知，空格处应填不定式作表语，be to do为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填to stay。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。
第三部分 基础知识运用（共二节，满分30分）
（一）根据首字母或所给的中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空。（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
46. In time, he gained ________(认可) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最终，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。空处应填名词作gain的宾语，根据汉语提示，名词recognition符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填recognition。
47. These pictures are r ______ of ink wash animation films.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】representative##epresentative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。固定搭配：be representative of代表。根据首字母提示及句意，故填representative。
48. ________________(准确地，确切地), it is hard to give a definition for what Western art is. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Exactly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：确切地说，很难给西方艺术下一个定义。根据汉语提示“准确地，确切地”可知，此处为副词exactly，作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Exactly。
49. The quality of take-away food is not ______ (可靠的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：外卖食品的质量不可靠。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词reliable，作表语。故填reliable。
50. It’s useful to turn to a fitness c ______ for advice. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】consultant##onsultant
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：向健身顾问寻求建议是有用的。由for advice可知，句子表示“向健身顾问寻求建议是有用的”，空格处意为“顾问”，由首字母提示c可知，是consultant，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填consultant。
51. The two countries have maintained a_______(和睦的) relationship for many years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】harmonious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：两国多年来一直保持着和谐的关系。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“和睦的”应用harmonious，为形容词，在本句中作定语。故填harmonious。
52. A meeting was held with the aim of promoting s ______ development in all countries. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sustainable##ustainable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：举行了一次会议，目的是促进所有国家的可持续发展。由development in all countries可知，句子表示“举行了一次会议，目的是促进所有国家的可持续发展”，空格处意为“可持续的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词development，由首字母提示s可知，是sustainable，故填sustainable。
53. Emergency aid could save millions of people from ______ (饿死). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】starvation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：紧急援助可以使数百万人免于饥饿。空格处用名词作宾语，“饿死”的名词是starvation，是不可数名词，故填starvation。
54. The teachers often ______(激发，启发) students to study the subject in more depth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】motivate##stimulate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：老师们经常激发学生更深入地学习这门学科。“激发，启发”是motivate/stimulate，由often可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语teachers是复数，因此空格处用原形，故填motivate/stimulate。
55. Taking exercise can not only strengthen your body but also ______ (释放) you from stress. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】release
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：做运动不仅能强身健体，还能释放你的压力。根据汉语提示可知应用动词release，且can not后跟动词原形。故填release。
（二）根据汉语句意完成英语句子。（共3小题，每空1分，满分10分）
56. 肌肉是由两种不同的蛋白质组成的。
Muscle ______ two different types of protein.
【答案】is composed of##consists of##is made up of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“由……组成”，是固定短语be composed of/consist of/be made up of，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Muscle在此处是不可数名词，因此be动词用is，consist用第三人称单数consists，因此空格处是is composed of/consists of/is made up of。故填is composed of/consists of/is made up of。
57. 她如此专心读书，以至于没听到门铃响。
She was so ______ her reading that she didn’t hear the doorbell.
【答案】absorbed in
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。“专心于”用短语be absorbed in。根据句意，故填absorbed in。
58. 毫无疑问，他会拿到驾照的。
______ he will get the driver’s license.
【答案】There is no doubt that
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“毫无疑问”，是固定句型There is no doubt that...，故填There is no doubt that。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
59. 请根据以下提示，为5月1日在市潮博中心举办“万物之中，希望至美”小林漫画展写一份通知。
1.2024年5月1日至5月31日在潮汕历史文化博览中心展出；
2.该展览的目的是为了让人们能感受到生活中的正能量，展示小林的约100幅漫画作品；
3.不许携带食品和饮料进入展馆。
注意：
1.内容要包括以上提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2.词数100左右。
参考词汇：
汕头潮博馆 Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center；漫画 comics；正能量 positivity
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Comics on show!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Comics on show!
Ladies and gentlemen,
Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center will hold Xiao Lin comics exhibition titled “Among all things, hope is of perfect beauty”, which will start on May 1, 2024 and end on May 31, 2024.
The aim of the exhibition is to let people feel the positivity in life, and showcases about 100 of Xiao Lin’s comics works. His works will inspire visitors to actively face all kinds of difficulties and challenges in life, which will be of great benefit to the visitors.
The exhibition will be open to the public for free from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.. Food and drink will not be allowed in the Expo Center.
Looking forward to your coming.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为5月1日在市潮博中心举办“万物之中，希望至美”小林漫画展写一份通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host
展览：exhibition→display
激励：inspire→stimulate
允许：allow→permit
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center will hold Xiao Lin comics exhibition titled “Among all things, hope is of perfect beauty”, which will start on May 1, 2024 and end on May 31, 2024.
拓展句：Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center will hold Xiao Lin comics exhibition whose title is “Among all things, hope is of perfect beauty”, which will start on May 1, 2024 and end on May 31, 2024.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center will hold Xiao Lin comics exhibition titled “Among all things, hope is of perfect beauty”, which will start on May 1, 2024 and end on May 31, 2024. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] His works will inspire visitors to actively face all kinds of difficulties and challenges in life, which will be of great benefit to the visitors. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
60. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out.
He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business.
I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man.
The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they didn’t have lunch either. She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on fruit farms. After lunch, the girl’s mother put a paper bag of fruit in my jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.
After they left, I got into my jeep and opened the paper bag. There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them. At the same time, there was a note written by a girl, which read “We are very happy to be able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood.” This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了去年作者汽车出现了三次故障，大多数人都懒得帮忙，作者对此感到很厌烦。有一次，他的汽车又出故障了。他在路边求助了接近3个小时，但是没有人停下来帮忙。就在打算放弃的时候，一个过路的墨西哥家庭停下来，提供了帮助。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在我要说再见的时候，女孩问我是否吃过午饭了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和墨西哥家庭一块儿吃午饭的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“在他们离开后，我上了吉普车，打开纸袋。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这一家人离开后，在纸袋里发现什么，以及自己的感受。2.续写线索：吃午餐——交流——感谢——上车——发现东西——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①吃午餐：have lunch/It's time for lunch/eat lunch
②交流：communicate/talk/chat
③回家：go home/return home/be home/come back home/get home
④发现：find/discover/find out/spot
情绪类
①感谢：showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
②积极：positive attitude/act positively
【点睛】[高分句型1] I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours.(由because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2].But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm.(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger.(不定式做主语)潮阳一中明光学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考
英语试卷
（本试卷四大题，满分150分，考试用时120分钟）
第一部分： 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Location
St Helena is one of the remotest islands on Earth. The subtropical (亚热带的) British Overseas Territory sits in the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean, 1,200 miles from the west coast of Africa and 1,800 miles from the east coast of South America.
Size Population
St Helena is only 16 km long and 9 km wide and the population is 5,000. This is 1/3 the size of the Isle of Wight, and the same size as Disney World Orlando. This is also the same size as San Francisco―yet the island has just 0.5% of San Francisco’s population. With an extremely low-crime community, you can freely explore the island’s natural and built attractions in peace.
Climate
As a subtropical island, St Helena’s temperature is 15-28°C all year round. While the four seasons are not recognized on St Helena, the “cooler months” are generally June to September and the “hotter months” are December to March. St Helena is free from extreme weather events, with even thunderstorms only occurring perhaps once a decade.
Accessibility
Until 2017, St Helena did not have an airport and was only accessible by sea. Reaching the island meant a five-day ship voyage from Cape Town, South Africa. However, since October 2017, the island’s first and only airport has enabled passengers to reach the island in just a six-hour flight.
1. In what aspect are St Helena and San Francisco alike
A. Area. B. Population. C. Climate. D. Crime rate.
2. What can best describe the climate of St Helena
A. Tropical. B. Dry. C. Extreme. D. Mild.
3. How could visitors gain entry into St Helena before 2017
A. By plane. B. By ship. C. By car. D. By bike.
B
About 30 years ago, an acoustic neuroma (听神经瘤) was found inside my body. The removal of the neuroma caused my temporary balance issues and permanent hearing loss in one ear. Apart from this, I was fine.
Unexpectedly, the neuroma came back years later. It had to be removed again. Otherwise it would threaten the rest of my brain. When I awoke from the second operation, I had stroke-like symptoms. The whole right side of my body almost stopped functioning, and still does.
Overnight my whole identity had changed. I used to effortlessly leap up the stairs two at a time, but now it takes fifteen minutes to struggle. Attempts at the recovery of the old me proved to be fruitless. My family role also shifted from a father to a dependent child, and coupled with my communication problems, this led to increased frustration (沮丧) and anger.
There were concerns too about whether I would ever be accepted again in the wider world. Soon after this I just managed to swim in a pool. A ten-year-old boy I didn’t know came up and asked me if I had been on the water slide yet. As politely as possible, I said no, and we struck up a conversation about it. For the first time a stranger was speaking to me as an equal like before. Though insignificant then, it opened doors to a whole new way of being seen, and seeing myself.
To make sure the neuroma did not reappear, I received radiation treatment for two hours regularly, during which I loved listening to music by Tom Waits, an eccentric (古 怪的) singer most people dislike, but I don’t care. For me, life after brain injury is like Waits’ odd works. Out of failure, ugliness, and horror-the most unpromising raw material-a beautiful diamond can be created that shines out even more brightly because of its dark surroundings.
4. What happened to the author after his single-sided deafness
A. He lost the ability to keep balance.
B. His acoustic neuroma regrew.
C. He underwent two operations in a row.
D. His vision was accidentally damaged.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The author’s efforts to rebuild his disabled body.
B. The author’s self-reflection on his cultural identity.
C. The different attitudes of the author’s family to him.
D. The considerable impact of the author’s brain injury.
6. How did the author find his talk with the boy
A. Reasonable. B. Engaging. C. Life-changing. D. In-depth.
7. What lesson did the author learn from Tom Waits’ music
A. Music is the universal language of mankind.
B. Suffering often leads to new self-discovery.
C. Kindness is the language that the deaf can hear.
D. Live for yourself, not for the approval of others.
C
Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been burning hot under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke, and some even died of this disease.
In a warming world, the risks of heatwaves are increasing. According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from about 4000 persons per year in the 1980s to nearly 16000 persons per year in the 2010s.
“Over the past four decades, the main drivers of the large increase in heatwave-related deaths in China are the rapid increase in the frequency of heatwaves, followed by population growth, population aging, and rising baseline mortality (基线死亡率),” said Prof. Huang Cunrui, a researcher from Tsinghua University.
High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture (水分) and hurt the growth of corn cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people. China has witnessed a range of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall, flooding, tornadoes and record heatwaves this year.
Experts say that while extreme summer heat is not entirely new, these sorts of occurrences could be something that becomes a standard part of life, requiring people to start learning how to cope with heatwaves that may continue for the rest of summer and well into the future.
Remember that even healthy, young athletes can be harmed by extreme heat, so every activity, indoors or outdoors, should be evaluated when extreme heat hits. We are supposed to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment.
8. Compared with the 1980s, the deaths from heatwaves per year in the 2010s has increased by _or so.
A. twice B. three times C. four times D. five times
9. What is the main cause of the increasing heatwave-related deaths in China
A. The larger amount of outdoor workers.
B. The aging of the population.
C. The rise in the number of the total population.
D. The increasing frequency of heatwaves.
10. What does the underlined word “accelerate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. decline. B. regulate. C. quicken. D. advocate.
11. Where would you be most likely to find this passage
A. In a sports journal. B. In a brochure.
C. In a newspaper. D. On a poster board.
D
For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad ”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
12. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior
A. They are interested in acting. B. They are shy with the strangers.
C. They are fond of their playmates. D. They are tired of playing games.
13. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids
A. Design games for them. B. Find them suitable playmates.
C. Play together with them. D. Help them understand social rules.
14. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4
A. Giving examples. B. Explaining concepts.
C. Providing evidence. D. Making comparisons.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. How Children Adapt to Changes B. How to Be a Role Model for Children
C. How Your Baby Learns to Love D. How to Communicate with Your Kid
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（注意：选E涂“AB”；选F涂“AC”；选G涂“AD”）
With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our “to do” list. So maybe it would help if there was “a best time” to exercise Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals ___16___ No matter who you are, or when you like to work out, it is okey.
___17___ Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism.
So, good news is for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person ___18___ For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.
But our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences. Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man ___19___ But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.
So what time is best ___20___
A Evening is better for you.
B. The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think.
C. It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!
D. There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning.
E. You can hurt yourself by more exercising in the afternoon or evening.
F. Many people have more free time in the morning than later in the day.
G. Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sumiel, a 71-year-old, was no stranger to the struggles of kidney (肾) disease. He was on the transplant list (移植名单), but no matches had yet____21____ . So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.
One day, he took a taxi home after his____22____with the doctor. As they set out on the 40 minute____23____to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver, Letts, got to____24____. Sumiel mentioned that he’d enjoyed____25____and helped others in his community before. But he was doing less these days because the treatments left him____26____tired. Then Sumiel revealed that he was____27____a kidney giver. Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a____28____to give you a kidney.” Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t____29____much of it as they kept driving.
Letts was_____30_____to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had_____31_____the kidney transplant program. After a month’s long screening_____32_____—including an interview, sharing medical records, and testing the_____33_____were: Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
Fourteen months after they ended up in the same taxi by_____34_____, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a_____35_____. They kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could reunite.
21.
A. happened B. appeared C. proved D. showed
22.
A. argument B. agreement C. promise D. appointment
23.
A. drive B. walk C. chance D. march
24.
A. bargaining B. complaining C. chatting D. reasoning
25.
A. struggling B. volunteering C. competing D. wandering
26.
A. usually B. basically C. extremely D. normally
27.
A. searching for B. picking out C. preparing for D. getting through
28.
A. partner B. game C. pair D. match
29.
A. predict B. think C. learn D. work
30.
A. fair B. strange C. true D. certain
31.
A. contacted B. connected C. abandoned D. launched
32.
A. decision B. operation C. practice D. process
33.
A. solutions B. results C. purposes D. evidences
34.
A. arrangement B. design C. chance D. invitation
35.
A. success B. task C. responsibility D. glory
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for ___36___ (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting ___37___ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ___38___ old fashioned fountain pens.
Fountain pens ___39___ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer ___40___ (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new one.
So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (improve) he sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his own writing. He knows that computers are here ___44___ (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of ____45____ (they).
第三部分 基础知识运用（共二节，满分30分）
（一）根据首字母或所给的中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空。（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
46. In time, he gained ________(认可) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
47. These pictures are r ______ of ink wash animation films.（根据首字母单词拼写）
48. ________________(准确地，确切地), it is hard to give a definition for what Western art is. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49. The quality of take-away food is not ______ (可靠的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
50. It’s useful to turn to a fitness c ______ for advice. (根据首字母单词拼写)
51. The two countries have maintained a_______(和睦的) relationship for many years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. A meeting was held with the aim of promoting s ______ development in all countries. (根据首字母单词拼写)
53. Emergency aid could save millions of people from ______ (饿死). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. The teachers often ______(激发，启发) students to study the subject in more depth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. Taking exercise can not only strengthen your body but also ______ (释放) you from stress. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
（二）根据汉语句意完成英语句子。（共3小题，每空1分，满分10分）
56. 肌肉是由两种不同蛋白质组成的。
Muscle ______ two different types of protein.
57. 她如此专心读书，以至于没听到门铃响
She was so ______ her reading that she didn’t hear the doorbell.
58. 毫无疑问，他会拿到驾照的。
______ he will get the driver’s license.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
59. 请根据以下提示，为5月1日在市潮博中心举办“万物之中，希望至美”小林漫画展写一份通知。
1.2024年5月1日至5月31日在潮汕历史文化博览中心展出；
2.该展览的目的是为了让人们能感受到生活中的正能量，展示小林的约100幅漫画作品；
3.不许携带食品和饮料进入展馆。
注意：
1.内容要包括以上提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2.词数100左右。
参考词汇：
汕头潮博馆 Chaoshan historical Culture Expo Center；漫画 comics；正能量 positivity
3.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Comics on show!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
60. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out.
He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business.
I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man.
The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch.
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After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.
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