Topic 14　自然生态与景观 专项练习2024年中考英语复习广东省人教、外研通用（含答案）

人与自然篇
Topic 14　自然生态与景观
Day 1　语法选择
体裁：说明文 主题：成都东华门考古遗址公园 词数：205 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： /10
　　原创The Donghuamen historical site lies in a huge stadium at the heart of Chengdu, Sichuan. It was the place where group matches of the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup 1 ．
　　In 2013, relics(遗迹) were discovered dating back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) up to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). 2 middle of the former field has become an excavation site(发掘现场). It showed ancient city walls, streets and canals, houses and gardens, a palace 3 kings in the Ming Dynasty, coins and so on.
　　 4 the experts excavated it for nine years, the Donghuamen historical site first opened to a group of locals. The Chengdu Culture & Tourism Development Group invited around 20 5 with small children to visit the site. Experts were on site 6 the findings. “The Donghuamen site has been through 21 dynasties, with relics dating back 2，000 years，” said Shan Jixiang 7 ， the former manager of the Palace Museum. The site shows Chengdu's city site
8 in the same place for over 3，000 years. It is not 9 in the world. “It's a great archaeological(考古的) finding，” said Shan.
　　An archaeological park is being built at the site. And the first part of 10 will be made public in 2023.
(　C　)1. A. hold B. are held C. were held
(　C　)2. A. A B. An C. The
(　A　)3. A. for B. to C. with
(　B　)4. A. Before B. After C. When
(　B　)5. A. family B. families C. families'
(　C　)6. A. introduce B. introducing C. to introduce
(　C　)7. A. pride B. proud C. proudly
(　A　)8. A. has remained B. remained C. remains
(　A　)9. A. common B. commoner C. commonest
(　C　)10. A. itself B. its C. it
短语练习
1. 追溯到…… date back to
2. 一群 a group of
3. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
4. 现场 on site
句子翻译
1. 北京位于中国的东北部。(lie in)
Beijing lies in the northeast of China.
2. 我错过了这部电影的第一部分。(the first part of ...)
I missed the first part of the film.
Day 2　完形填空　　(核心素养：思维品质)
体裁：记叙文 主题：第27次登上珠穆朗玛峰 词数：221 难度：★★★★☆ 正确率： /10
　　原创On the morning of May 17th, 2023, 53-year-old Kami Rita Sherpa reached the top of Mount Everest for the 27th time. He was 1 a climber along the traditional southern route(路线)．
　　The season's first group of climbers reached the mountain top over the weekend. Earlier, Sherpa guides had placed ropes and made paths(小路) for the expected hundreds of 2 during the climbing season.
　　May is the best month to climb Mount Everest because of 3 conditions. But there are only a few time periods with 4 weather on the highest part of the mountain. After May, the summer rainy season arrives, bringing snow and clouds. This makes the mountain too 5 to climb. Climbers generally reach the Everest base camp in April. They spend the next weeks training to 6 their bodies for the extreme altitude(极端高度).
　　By the first or second week of May, climbers are 7 trying to reach the top. However, this year's climbing was put off after an accident of three Sherpas. They 8 a deep hole in the ice in the dangerous Khumbu Ice Fall area above the base camp.
　　Kami Rita first 9 Mount Everest in 1994. He has been making the 10 nearly every year since then. In addition to Everest, Rita has climbed several other mountains that are among the world's highest.
(　B　)1. A. ordering B. guiding
C. inviting D. hiding
(　A　)2. A. visitors B. waiters
C. foreigners D. guests
(　B　)3. A. body B. weather
C. air D. health
(　D　)4. A. strange B. right
C. bad D. good
(　A　)5. A. dangerous B. wonderful
C. popular D. crowded
(　C　)6. A. check B. clean
C. prepare D. treat
(　C　)7. A. seldom B. nearly
C. usually D. actually
(　A　)8. A. fell into B. looked into
C. put into D. came into
(　D　)9. A. dug B. rushed
C. walked D. climbed
(　B　)10. A. race B. trip
C. parade D. meeting
短语练习
1. 成百上千的 hundreds of
2. 太……而不能…… too ... to ...
3. 努力做某事 try to do sth.
4. 推迟 put off
5. 除了……(还有) in addition to ...
句子翻译
1. 由于下雨，他上学迟到了。(because of)
He was late for school because of the rain.
2. 从那时起，该项目已经帮助许多学生重返校园。(since then)
Since then, the project has helped many students to return to school.
Day 3　阅读理解A
体裁：应用文 主题：露营景点 词数：215 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： /5
　　In recent years, camping has come into fashion. But where to go In this passage, we will introduce three beautiful places to camp.
Kruger Camps, Xinjiang 　　Taking a road trip to camp is nothing new, but have you ever tried a helicopter(直升机) trip Once you reach the Bole Alashankou Airport, you can take a 50-minute flight on the helicopter to the campsite. During the flight, you will see amazing views like snow-capped(顶部积雪的) mountains, cloud seas and forests. Once you set foot on this land, you will feel the wonder of entering a world hidden in the mountains.
Ami Gonghong Pasture(牧场), Gansu 　　Have you ever seen a pasture as beautiful as those in the cartoons Ami Gonghong Pasture has 20 tents, each with a special design to offer you an amazing view of the snow-capped mountains in the distance. Here you can breathe fresh air every moment and be embraced(包围) by clouds at any time.
Zhaxi Pasture, Yunnan 　　In recent years, many tourists have visited Shangri-La and Meili Snow Mountain in Yunnan. However, the Zhaxi Pasture is still an unexplored wonderland on the earth. Tourists who prefer to enjoy the peace of nature can also walk to the lake and enjoy fishing. You can also pick wild mushrooms and flowers.
(　A　)1. What can you see during the flight to Kruger Camps
A. Cloud seas and forests.
B. Shangri-La Mountain.
C. Meili Snow Mountain.
D. Wild mushrooms and flowers.
(　D　)2. How many tents are there in Ami Gonghong Pasture
A. 50. B. 40.
C. 30. D. 20.
(　C　)3. Tourists can enjoy fishing in ．
A. Kruger Camps B. Ami Gonghong Pasture
C. Zhaxi Pasture D. Meili Snow Mountain
(　D　)4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. This passage introduces four beautiful places to camp.
B. It takes you 50 minutes to get to the Kruger campsite by car.
C. Ami Gonghong Pasture is not as beautiful as those in the cartoons.
D. You can pick wild mushrooms and flowers in Zhaxi Pasture.
(　C　)5. Where is the passage most probably from
A. A dictionary. B. A textbook.
C. A magazine. D. A notebook.
Day 4　阅读理解B
体裁：说明文 主题：拯救帝王蝶 词数：268 难度：★★★★☆ 正确率： /5
　　Every year, hundreds of millions of monarch butterflies(帝王蝶) from Canada and the United States fly 5，000 kilometres to Michoacan in central Mexico. They arrive at the forests in Michoacan in late October and spend the next five months clustering(聚集) together in the trees or on the ground. The forests are orange and black in those months because of the large number of the butterflies. Sometimes, there are so many of them in a single tree that the tree branches bend or even break.
　　The forests are now protected by law, and the breathtaking views of the butterflies attract a great many visitors every year. However, the number of monarch butterflies is continuing to reduce mainly due to human activities.
　　Illegal logging(非法采伐) is one of the major threats(威胁) to monarch butterflies as it destroys their home. In 2015, some people cut down trees in a central area in the forests. They had cleared nine hectares(公顷) of trees before being stopped and taken to the police station. However, they were set free only hours later, though they should have been put in prison for five to eight years according to the law.
　　Another major threat to the butterflies is the use of herbicides(除草剂). Herbicides kill the milkweed, a kind of plant. A monarch butterfly grows on it, from an egg to an adult.
　　The number of monarch butterflies in Mexico has fallen by more than 80 percent over the past 20 years. If we don't do anything to protect the butterflies, we are likely to lose one of the greatest natural wonders in the near future.
(　B　)1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The sights in Michoacan.
B. Introduction about monarch butterflies.
C. The monarch butterflies' colour.
D. The food that monarch butterflies eat.
(　C　)2. What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Simple. B. Boring.
C. Amazing. D. Common.
(　D　)3. What mainly causes monarch butterflies in danger
A. The climate change. B. Illegal logging.
C. The use of herbicides. D. Both B and C.
(　C　)4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The monarch butterflies are from Michoacan.
B. The monarch butterflies harm the environment.
C. A monarch butterfly grows on the milkweed.
D. The people who cut down trees illegally in 2015 were put in prison for five years.
(　A　)5. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To ask people to protect monarch butterflies.
B. To call on people to visit Michoacan.
C. To describe the dangerous situation of all butterflies.
D. To tell about a great place to watch monarch butterflies.
Day 5　配对阅读
词数：371 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： /5
左栏是五个人的旅游爱好，右栏是七个旅游项目的介绍。请为每个人选择一个合适的旅游项目。
A. Gulfoss Waterfall in Iceland 　　Come to Iceland in summer to see the biggest waterfall in Europe. Gulfoss, the “Golden Waterfall”， is a great sight. It provides wonderful places for photos and videos. B. Sea kayaking(皮划艇) in Türkiye 　　Try kayaking on Türkiye's Turquoise Coast. The water is clear and calm with temperatures of 25℃-28℃ in July and August. You don't need any kayaking experience to enjoy this trip. C. Diving holidays in Kenya 　　Experience diving and sailing in the Indian Ocean in March and April. Enjoy warm, clear water and white, sandy beaches and see different kinds of underwater sea life. D. Swimming with dolphins in the Azores Islands, Portugal 　　Join us in July or August in the clear waters around the Azores. You will swim with the animals and see different dolphins during the trip. E. Plitvice Lakes, Croatia 　　Set in a National Park, the lakes are Croatia's most popular tourist attraction. The beauty of the region comes from the 16 lakes, waterfalls, and areas of woodland, where deer, wolves and bears can be found. F. Lake Balaton, Hungary 　　Much of the area around the lake is part of a protected National Park. We have expert guides with knowledge of local plants and animals. G. West Lake, China 　　West Lake is a famous fresh lake located in Hangzhou, China. Among its beautiful sights, the most famous sites are the Ten Sights in West Lake. They are beautiful and peaceful.
(　F　)1. Jonny is crazy about plants and animals. He travels a lot and this summer he wants to learn more about the local plants and wildlife from the guides. (　B　)2. Leo and his family have already done different water sports. They would like to try a new sport and they don't mind working hard. They are not free to travel until the summer. (　E　)3. Ellen enjoys being near water and seeing wildlife. She has already been to Hungary. She can travel at any time between November and January. (　G　)4. Mr Smith is retired(退休的) but he is still very active. He enjoys walking and seeing peaceful scenery in southern China. (　C　)5. Will is a student of marine(海洋的) biology. He is an experienced diver. He's looking for a holiday where he can dive and learn about animals.
习语练习
1. keep you in the dark 蒙在鼓里
2. shake like a leaf 抖得很厉害
3. a breath of fresh air 带来新气象的人
Day 6　短文填空
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
A
体裁：说明文 主题：一头会剥香蕉皮的亚洲象 词数：212 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： /10
so　banana　touch　pick　eat　elephant　quick　same　difficult　out　she　that
　　 Recently, a middle-aged Asian elephant named Pang Pha becomes popular. Why Because she can peel 1. bananas.
　　Pha was brought to the Berlin Zoo as a baby 38 years ago. At the time, her main caretaker(照看人) often fed 2. her peeled bananas, and the caretaker would peel them in front of her. She might 3. pick up the skill by watching her human caretakers.
　　The Berlin Zoo reached out to Brecht, a professor at Humboldt University, and told his team about the clever 4. elephant. But when researchers arrived to watch her, they found it was 5. difficult to get Pha to peel bananas. Researchers learned 6. that they could always get Pha to peel bananas when they offered her brown-speckled(褐色斑点的) bananas. Pha doesn't peel bananas like humans do. She breaks the banana in half, then she slams(摔) it on the ground to let the soft fruit inside come 7. out. After shaking the peel off, she 8. eats the banana.
　　Researchers watched Pha being fed bananas in the 9. same place as other elephants and noticed she would eat “like a machine”. She would not waste time to peel, 10. so she could get more fruit. But when it came down to the last banana, 60 percent of the time, Pha would save it and peel it.
B
体裁：记叙文 主题：Bria保护环境的故事 词数：200 难度：★★★☆☆ 正确率： /10
well　try　online　but　second　she　draw　who　buy　already　money　animal
　　Earth Day is April 22. During this day, people around the world are 1. trying to save the earth. 2. But don't wait till Earth Day to take action. You can do something to help improve the environment every day.
　　Bria is a 12-year-old animal artist. 3. She began to help the endangered animals at the age of eight. That was when Bria started to 4. draw pictures of animals. To sell her paintings on the Internet, Bria opens an 5. online shop named Faces of the Endangered with her parents' help. This idea turns out great and all of Bria's works sell 6. well. To support the groups that care for animals in danger, Bria gives away all the 7. money she makes to them. So far, Bria has given away ?$36，000 in total.
　　Bria has also designed 8. two coloring books about animals. The books are sold at the Great Plains Zoo in her hometown. Money from the sale of the books makes it possible to improve the situations of some endangered 9. animals at the zoo.
　　What's Bria's message for kids 10. who want to make a difference “No matter how old you are, you can change the world，” she says. “No idea is too small.”
Day 7　读写综合
A. 回答问题
　　请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
　　Looking back at the history of the Earth, thousands of animals died out when their environment changed. For example, some scientists believe that dinosaurs died out because a large meteorite(陨石) fell on the Earth from outer space. And this changed the weather conditions of our planet. Reasons for animals' extinction(灭绝) 　　In recent times, more animals have disappeared because of humans. In the early 1900s, animals and plants were becoming extinct at the rate of 27，000 per year, according to Harvard biologist Edward Wilson. And the number of extinctions continues at a high rate in the twenty-first century. 　　One of the most important causes of extinction is having no place to live. When the population increases, countries clear land for agriculture(农业) and housing. Forests, wetlands and grasslands disappear, and humans invade(入侵) the living areas of animals. In East Africa, for example, hundreds of wild animals used to live across the land. Nowadays elephants are sharing their space with farmers. Few large animals live in national parks. 　　Another problem that large animals face from humans is the hunters(猎人): these people kill elephants for their teeth, tigers for their skin, and so on. Because they can sell animal body parts for plenty of money. Measures to protect animals 　　Toward the end of the nineteenth century, environmental experts saw the need to protect the environment and animals, so they created national parks. The first national park in the world was Yellowstone, in the northwestern United States, built in 1872. Later many other national parks were built around the world. Now there are more than 100 national parks in 120 countries. They can protect many of the world's wild animals.
1. What was the result of a large meteorite falling on the Earth
It changed the weather conditions of our planet.
2. Why do animals have no place to live
Because countries clear land for agriculture and housing when the population increases.
3. Who sells animal body parts at a high price
The hunters (sell animal body parts at a high price)．
4. What is the purpose of building national parks
It/The purpose of building national parks is to help to protect the environment and animals./To help to protect the environment and animals.
5. How many national parks are there nowadays
There are more than 100 national parks nowadays./More than 100 (national parks)．
B. 书面表达
　　为响应《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会第十五次会议号召，某中学生英语报进行了以“生态文明：共建地球生命共同体”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文并投稿。内容包括：
1. 动物与人类的关系；
2. 人类的行为对动物的伤害；
3. 建议应该实施的措施(至少两条)。
参考词汇：rare animals稀有动物，fur皮毛，disappear消失，decrease减少
作文要求：
1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和学生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
【思路点拨】
Step 1　审题定人称： 第一人称、第三人称
Step 2　审题定时态： 一般现在时
Step 3　审题列提纲：
段落梳理
【提分好词】
1. 例如 such as
2. 对……友好 be friendly to
3. 为了 in order to
4. ……的数量 the number of
【提分好句】
1. 一些人为了获得皮毛及金钱而捕杀稀有动物。(in order to)
Some people kill rare animals in order to get the fur and money.2. 每个人都应该尽最大的努力保护这些动物。(try one's best to do sth.)
Everyone should try their best to protect these animals.
【语篇衔接词】 but, because, at the same time
【小试身手】
　　Animals are our friends. Some of them are very lovely and friendly, such as cats, dogs and pandas. So we should be friendly to them. But some people kill rare animals in order to get the fur, money and so on. Some elephants and monkeys are killed every year. It is not right for people to hunt them, because it will cause these animals to disappear soon. The number of many animals is decreasing today.
　　I hope the government can punish those people who kill rare animals. At the same time, everyone should try their best to protect these animals. Let's make our Earth a home for all the animals！