Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读课文内容,了解交通带来的影响,思考如何环保出行。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,学习能力)
3.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
4.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.基础单词
1. vt.包;裹
2. n.灰尘;尘土
3. vi. & vt.吞下;咽下
4. adj.新颖的;创新的;革新的
5. adj.可再填充的
6. adj.可再使用的;可重复使用的
7. n.委员会;理事会
8. adj.卡住的;无法移动的
9. n.拥挤;堵塞;果酱
10. n.愤怒;怒气
11. n.十年;十年期
12. n.癌症
13. vi.相联系;有关联
14. vt.适合 n.套装
答案 1.wrap 2.dirt 3.swallow 4.innovative 5.refillable 6.reusable 7.council 8.stuck 9.jam 10.anger 11.decade 12.cancer 13.relate 14.suit
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. n.包装盒(瓶、袋);包装材料→ v.捆扎;包装;收拾(行李) n.小包;包裹
2. n.消费者→ v.消费
3. adj.浪费的;挥霍的→ vt.&n.浪费
4. n.交通运输系统;运输方式→ vt.运输;传送
5. adj.现实的;实际的→ n.现实
6. adj.意识到的;明白的→ n.意识;认识;明白;知道
7. n.收集;收藏品;专辑→ v.收藏;收集
8. adj.焦虑的;不安的→ n.担心;焦虑;渴望
9. adj.烦恼的;生气的→ vt.使……不悦;惹恼
10. adj.定期的;有规律的→ adv.规则地;定期地;常规地
答案 1.packaging;pack 2.consumer;consume
3.wasteful;waste 4.transportation;transport
5.realistic;reality 6.aware;awareness 7.collection;collect 8.anxious;anxiety 9.annoyed;annoy
10.regular;regularly
构词规律
形容词后缀:-ful、-ous、-ed 名词后缀:-ness、-ion
waste(n.)→wasteful(adj.) anxiety (n.)→anxious (adj.) annoy (vt.)→annoyed (adj.) aware (adj.)→awareness (n.) collect (v.)→collection (n.)
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.suit n.套装;诉讼vt.适合;合身;对(某人)方便
(1)This new dress suits you very well.
(2)This hot weather doesn't suit me.
(3)Up to 2,000 former employees have filed personal injury suits against the company.
2.wrap v.包;裹;(使文字)换行n.包裹(或包装)材料
(1)He spent the evening wrapping up the New Year presents.
(2)We stock a wide range of cards and gift wrap.
(3)The text wraps around if it is too long to fit the screen.
答案
1.(1)vt.合身;适合 (2)vt.适合 (3)n.诉讼
2.(1)v.包;裹 (2)n.包装材料 (3)v.换行
Step 2 短语记诵
1.set out
2.traffic jam
3.stressed out
4.be related 与……有关联
答案 1.开始;着手进行;动身;出发 2.交通堵塞 3.焦虑的 4.to
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.How often do we arrive at work or school,stressed out,tired and angry (形容词短语作伴随状语)
翻译 又有多少次,当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢
仿写 After the war,the soldiers returned home, .
战争结束后,那些士兵平安回到了家。
2.Over the last decade,an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.(over+一段时间)
翻译 在过去十年中,平均每年有2500人死于交通事故。
仿写 , tourism here .
在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
答案 1.safe and sound 2.Over the last few years;has developed considerably
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Match each part with its main idea according to the passage on Pages 58-59.
( )1.Part 1 ( )2.Part 2
A.Ways to give up cars.
B.Serious traffic problems.
答案 1.B 2.A
Step 2 细读课文,关注表达策略
Ⅰ.Read Part 1 of the passage on Pages 58-59 more carefully. Complete the notes in the diagram. Then think about any possible solutions to the problems.
Traffic
problems
Traffic
problems
答案 1.stressed out 2.tired 3.gone up 4.have died 5.climate change 6.air pollution 7.cancer 8.roads 9.railways 10.regulations 11.awareness
Ⅱ.Read Part 2 on Page 59 carefully and complete the notes in the diagram.
答案 1.Use your legs. 2.Use public transport. 3.Think before you go. 4.Share cars. 5.Take action!
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 aware adj.知道的;意识到的;察觉到的 *awareness n.意识;察觉;认识
(牛津词典)I don't think people are really aware of just how much it costs.
我认为人们并不真正明白这要花多少钱。
知识拓展
make sb aware of.../make sb aware that... 使某人意识到……
be/become aware of doing sth 意识到做某事
be/become aware that... 意识到……
(be) environmentally aware 有环保意识
(be) acutely/painfully aware 深切地/痛苦地认识到
经典佳句
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
在这里, 来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议, 这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。
名师点拨
(1)aware后跟名词性从句时,一般从句前不能用of,但接what从句时,从句前必须用of。
(2)修饰aware可用well、much、very much、fully,但不用very。
(3)be aware后一般不接不定式。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He must have his parents' marriage was breaking up.
他一定已经知道父母的婚姻正在破裂。
(2)There is a general smoking is harmful.
人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
(3)She was not wrong.
她没有意识到自己做错了事。
(4)I was he was aiming at.
我知道他在打什么主意。
答案 (1)been aware that (2)awareness that
(3)aware of having done something/aware that she had done something (4)aware of what
知识点2 anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的;渴望的 *anxiously adv.焦虑地;急切地 *anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望
(牛津词典)Parents are naturally anxious for their children.
父母自然会为儿女担心。
知识拓展
be anxious about... 担心……
be anxious for...渴望……;非常希望……
be anxious to do... 渴望做……
with anxiety 焦急地
经典佳句
Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the contrary to our intention.
“拔苗助长”往往事与愿违。
名师点拨
(1)be anxious后接从句,从句中常用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
(2)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时,为不可数名词;表示具体意义的“焦虑”或“担心的事”时,则为可数名词。
(3)表示想得到某物或想做某事时,anxiety后通常跟动词不定式或“for+名词”作定语。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)After listening to his advice she had no more (anxious).
(2)His anxiety (go) was obvious.
(3)His anxiety knowledge deserves our praise.
(4)He was anxious that they (have) all they want.
(5)She (anxious) took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find it didn't fit.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(6)She looked at her sick child and was very anxious.
→ (形容词短语作状语)
答案 (1)anxieties (2)to go (3)for (4)(should) have (5)anxiously (6)She looked at her sick child,very anxious.
知识点3 stuck adj.卡住的;无法移动的;被困住的;陷入困境的 *stick v.(stuck,stuck)卡住;陷住;动不了
(P58)How often do we get stuck in traffic jams
有多少次我们碰到交通堵塞而动弹不得
知识拓展
be/get stuck in = be/get caught in = be/get trapped in 被困在……
be/get stuck with sb/sth摆脱不了某人/某事;甩不掉某人/某事
be/get stuck for sth 被某事难住;为某事犯愁
stick to 遵守;信守;坚持
图解释义
The man's motorcycle was stuck in the mud and could not be pulled out.
那个男人的摩托车陷入泥里,无法开出来。
名师点拨
“get+过去分词”强调动作,常指意想不到的、突然的或偶然的情况,或谈论自身做的动作。例如:get hurt受伤;get burnt被烧伤/被烫着;get separated被分散;get dressed/washed穿衣/洗脸;get lost/married迷路/结婚;get drunk喝醉。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The bus got stuck the snow and we had to walk the rest of the way.
(2)I hated playing the piano,but I stuck it and now I can play pretty well.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)They were stuck in the traffic jam for two hours,so they were late for the wedding party.(动词-ed形式作状语)
→ ,they were late for the wedding party.
Ⅲ.单句写作
(4)(2023·沈阳二中月考)Thanks to the help of the firefighters, the villagers were saved.
多亏了消防队员们的帮助, 被洪水围困的村民们才得救。
答案 (1)in (2)to (3)Stuck in the traffic jam for two hours (4) stuck in the flood
知识点4 annoyed adj.烦恼的;恼火的 *annoying adj.讨厌的;恼人的 * annoy vt.使……不悦;惹恼;打扰 *annoyance [U]恼怒;生气;烦恼 [C]使人烦恼的事;令人生气的事物
(牛津词典)He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness.
因为我粗心大意,他开始恼火了。
知识拓展
annoy sb with/by 因……而使某人烦恼
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事而生气
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
to one's annoyance 使某人生气的是
经典佳句
He was annoyed at the annoying news that his parents told him. The annoyance disturbed his previous plan to the beach.
他对父母告诉他的恼人的消息感到恼火,这个烦恼打乱了他之前去海滩的计划。
名师点拨
(1)表示情绪变化的一类动词,如annoy、delight、excite、surprise、shock等,都为及物动词,表示“某事令某人……”;
(2)这类动词的-ed形式常用来指人的情绪反应,故它们作表语、定语和宾补时,被修饰的对象通常是人;而这类动词的-ing形式常用来指物的性质和特征,故它们作表语、定语和宾补时,被修饰的对象往往是物。
融会应用
用annoy的适当形式填空
(1)Brown said he was by no means ;on the contrary,he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.
(2)The thing about the scheme is that it's confusing.
(3)To her ,the stranger did not go away.
答案 (1)annoyed (2)annoying (3)annoyance
知识点5 anger n.愤怒;怒气 *angry adj.生气的
(P58)But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.
但是和真正的社会损失相比,个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。
知识拓展
in anger 生气;气冲冲地
(an) anger at 因……生气
be angry with sb 对某人生气
be angry at sth 因某事生气
经典佳句
He rushed into the room in anger and sat in the sofa without saying a word. His mother asked what he was angry at.
他愤怒地冲进房间,一言不发地坐在沙发上。他妈妈问他为什么生气。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)It is useless to debate this question anger.
(2)My mother was very angry me when I went home.
(3)My mother was so angry what I said before.
答案 (1)in (2)with (3)at
知识点6 suit vt.适合;合身;对(某人)方便 n.诉讼;恳求;套装 *suitable adj.合适的;适宜的
(P59)Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的事情。
知识拓展
suit sb 适合某人
suit one's needs 满足某人的需要
be suitable for 适合……
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
经典佳句
If it is not convenient for you, let me know what time suits you best.
如果你不方便的话,让我知道什么时间最适合你。
suit、match和fit的用法区别:
suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等;
match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配;
fit多指大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合;协调”。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用suit、match、fit的适当形式填空
(1)The size of the shirt me well and its color my tie,so it me.
Ⅱ.同义句改写
(2)The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.
(用动词suit和定语从句改写)
答案 (1)fits;matches;suits (2)The challenge is finding partners that suit them.
知识点7 wrap vt.包;裹 n.围巾;披肩;包装材料
(P109)I mean,why wrap a coconut in plastic
我是说,为什么要用塑料包装椰子呢
知识拓展
wrap sth around/round sth/sb用……缠绕……
wrap sth (up) in sth 把……包在……里
be wrapped up in sb/sth注意力完全集中于某人/物
经典佳句
You'd better wrap a clean cloth around your arm till the wound closes.
你最好用干净的布把胳膊上的伤口裹严,直到伤口愈合。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)You can wrap the skirt your waist.
(2)Tom wrapped a book a newspaper.
(3)They're completely wrapped in their work.
答案 (1)around/round (2)in (3)up
短 语 句 式
知识点8 set out开始;着手进行;动身;出发
(牛津词典)When setting out on a long walk, always wear suitable boots.
每次出发远行时,都要穿合适的靴子。
知识拓展
set aside 放在一边;留出
set down 记下;制定(规则等)
set up 树立;建立
set back 使推迟;耽误
set off 出发;动身;引爆
set out to do = set about doing 开始做;着手做
经典佳句
He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.
他已经实现了他3年前的奋斗目标。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Having said goodbye to their friends, they Paris.
他们向朋友告别后,就动身去巴黎了。
(2)We to find the truth behind the mystery.
我们着手揭开谜团背后的真相。
(3)There will be a risk of public protest that could reforms.
这会有引发公众抗议的危险,进而可能使变革推迟。
答案 (1)set off for (2)set out (3)set back
知识点9 be related to 与……有关联
(P59)Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
有些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。
知识拓展
relate one's ideas 叙述自己的观点
relate the incident to sb 把这件事讲给某人听
relate a story 讲故事
relate... with... 把……和……联系起来
经典佳句
In the future, pay increases will be related to productivity.
以后,工资的增加将和业绩挂钩。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)It also includes (relate) skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
(2)According to Anderson,the amount of time spent watching television is not related reading ability.
答案 (1)related (2)to
知识点10 up to到达(某数量、程度等);多达;取决于
(P59)Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars.
一辆公共汽车最多可乘坐90人,而运载同样数量的人至少需要18辆小汽车。
知识拓展
be up to doing sth 胜任做某事;适于做某事;忙于做某事
be up to sb 由某人决定
up to now 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
经典佳句
You can play up to 30 games at one time.
你一次可以玩多达30个游戏。
融会应用
一句多译
他太小不能胜任这项工作。
(1)He is so young that he .(up to)
(2)He is so young that he .(qualify)
(3)He is so young that he .(equal)
(4)He is so young that he .(fit)
答案 (1)can't be up to the job (2)can't be qualified for the job (3)can't be equal to the job
(4)can't be fit for the job
语法探究
动 词 短 语
探究点 常见的动词短语
1.break短语
break away from脱离;摆脱
break down损坏;(化学)分解;(汽车)抛锚;垮掉
break in闯入;强行进入;插嘴;打断
break into闯入;打断;突然……起来
break off打断;折断
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发
break up(物理)分解;打碎;结束;散开;解散
2.bring短语
bring about引起;导致
bring back把……送回;归还;使回忆起
bring down使(政府或当权者)垮台;降低
bring in引进;挣得
bring out使显现;把……拿出来;激发;出版
bring up提出;教育;培养
3.come短语
come about发生;产生
come across(偶然)遇见(或发现)
come off达到效果;脱落
come on来吧;赶快
come out出来;(书)出版
come to共计;达到
come up with追上;赶上;想出(主意)
4.get短语
get across被理解
get along/on with进展;与……相处
get down下来;记下
get down to开始认真干
get off出发;下车
get through通过;打通(电话);完成;耗尽
5.give 短语
give away泄露;错失(优势);赠送
give back归还;使恢复
give in屈服;呈交
give off发出;放出(气味、光、热等)
give out宣布(消息等);分发;发出(光、热等)
give up放弃
6.hold短语
hold back隐瞒;阻碍;抑制(情感)
hold out伸出;坚持;维持
hold up举起;耽误;支撑
hold on等着;别挂断;坚持住
hold on to保留;抓住不放
7.make短语
make sense有意义;讲得通
make it及时到达;成功
make up编造;化妆;组成;构成;和好
make up for补偿;弥补
make room for给……腾地方
make use of利用
make way for为……开路;让路
make up one's mind打定主意;决定
8.put短语
put aside把……放在一边
put away把……收起来;储存
put back放回原处;拨回
put down放下;镇压;记下
put forward提出(计划、建议等);提前
put off延期;推迟
put out扑灭;出版;关(灯)
put through接通(电话)
put up举起;张贴;留宿
put up with容忍
9.set短语
set about着手干;开始做
set aside暂时不考虑;把……放到一旁;省出;留出
set off 动身;引爆;引起;激发
set out开始;动身;陈述;阐明
set back使推迟;阻碍;使……花费
10.take短语
take charge of负责;掌管
take in吸收;欺骗
take off(飞机)起飞;脱下;(事业)腾飞
take on呈现;雇用;承担(责任)
take over接管;接任
take the place of代替
take up从事;拿起;占据(时间或空间)
11.turn短语
turn away转身;走开
turn down拒绝;调小
turn off关掉
turn on打开
turn out结果;证明是;关掉;生产
turn over翻转;仔细思量;移交
turn to求助于;翻到;转到
turn up调大;出现
12.其他常考的动词短语
account for解释;说明
answer for对……负责;为……付出代价
attend to处理;对待;照料
care about关心;在意;担忧
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记;报到
check out结账离开
consist of包括;由……组成
contribute to有助于;导致
deal/do with对付;处理
figure out想清楚;弄明白;算出
focus on/upon集中(精神、注意力)于……
glance at匆匆一瞥
glare at怒视
head for朝……行进
insist on坚持要求
object to反对
point out指出
reach out for伸手去够
refer to提到;指的是;查阅
meet with偶遇
rely on/upon指望;信赖
result from因……而产生;是……造成的
result in结果是;导致
see to照看;处理;负责
show off炫耀
stick to坚持;不放弃
speed up加快速度
suffer from因……而受苦
use up耗尽;用尽
watch out警惕;注意
watch over留心;注意
wear out耗尽;使筋疲力尽
名师点拨
动词短语的构成一般是比较固定的。有时,为了增加题目的难度或考查考生对动词短语掌握的灵活性,命题者会将结构固定的动词短语拆开,尤其是当动词短语的结构为“动词+名词”或“动词+名词+副词/介词(如take notice of/take advantage of/pay attention to/look forward to等)”时。此种类型的试题一般而言分为三大类:
(1)将动词短语中的名词作为先行词,考查动词短语中的动词、介词或副词;
(2)将动词短语中的名词作为主语,考查动词短语中的动词;
(3)结合动词短语和定语从句考查“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词。
The deep interest in literature he gradually developed helped him a lot in his later writing.(develop... interest in)
他逐渐培养起来的对文学的浓厚兴趣在他后来的写作中帮了他很大的忙。
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.At 8:00 am, we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set for the top in high spirits.
2.A big complaint is that mobile screens are too small for ads to make an impression on (consume).
3.It is (waste) to leave water running from a pipe.
4.Some modern art is abstract while some is (reality).
5.At the school opening ceremony, our headmaster required us students to raise our competitive (aware) in modern society.
6.Your mother must be anxious (know) about what happened yesterday.
7.After supper, Mary set about (put) away the chopsticks and bowls.
8.It's unfortunate to be stuck the rain.
9.I am worried about you. You look really (stress) out lately.
10.Whenever the young animal is frightened,disturbed,or (annoy),it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.
11.With his mind focused on the things not related his studies, his marks have fallen rapidly.
答案 1.out 2.consumers 3.wasteful 4.realistic
5.awareness 6.to know 7.putting 8.in 9.stressed 10.annoyed 11.to
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Here are five easy ways to improve our environment.
Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys 1. (be) under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could 2. (easy) walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live 3. (long).
Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while 4. same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, 5. so what You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows
Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre 6. the other side of town What about the shops around the corner Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need 7. (make) that journey.
Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share 8. (journey) with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
Take action! If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city 9. (govern). Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don't just sit around and complain.
All quite simple, isn't 10.
答案 1.were 2.easily 3.longer 4.the 5.but 6.on
7.to make 8.journeys 9.government 10.it
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能——劝告或建议
1.阅读下列含有表示劝告或建议的语句
(1)Use your legs.
(2)Use public transport.
(3)Think before you go.
(4)Share cars.
(5)Take action!
2.判断下列语句中哪些不是表示劝告或建议的
A.But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.
B.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
C.Leg power can save your money,keep you fit and help you live longer.
D.Don't just sit around and complain!
答案 AB
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月)Over 28 states have passed laws (relate) to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.
2.(2022·全国甲)World Oceans Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising (aware) of ocean conservation.
3.(2022·全国甲)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid (annoy) your companions.
4.(2022·浙江)There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It (suit) the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
5.(2022·北京)If researchers can't keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and (angry), Johnson warns.
6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages.
7.(2021·天津第一次)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause (anxious).
8.(2020·全国Ⅲ)The next morning he hired a boat and set to find the well-known painter.
答案 1.related 2.awareness 3.annoying 4.suits 5.anger 6.to 7.anxiety 8.out
2(共72张PPT)
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
1.通过阅读课文内容,了解交通带来的影响,思考如何环保出行。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,学习能力)
3.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
4.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
Ⅰ.基础单词
1. vt.包;裹
2. n.灰尘;尘土
3. vi. & vt.吞下;咽下
4. adj.新颖的;创新的;革新的
5. adj.可再填充的
6. adj.可再使用的;可重复使用的
7. n.委员会;理事会
wrap
dirt
swallow
innovative
refillable
reusable
council
8. adj.卡住的;无法移动的
9. n.拥挤;堵塞;果酱
10. n.愤怒;怒气
11. n.十年;十年期
12. n.癌症
13. vi.相联系;有关联
14. vt.适合 n.套装
stuck
jam
anger
decade
cancer
relate
suit
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. n.包装盒(瓶、袋);包装材料→ v.捆扎;包装;收拾(行李) n.小包;包裹
2. n.消费者→ v.消费
3. adj.浪费的;挥霍的→ vt.&n.浪费
4. n.交通运输系统;运输方式→ vt.运输;传送
5. adj.现实的;实际的→ n.现实
packaging pack
consumer consume
wasteful waste
transportation transport
realistic reality
6. adj.意识到的;明白的→ n.意识;认识;明白;知道
7. n.收集;收藏品;专辑→ v.收藏;收集
8. adj.焦虑的;不安的→ n.担心;焦虑;渴望
9. adj.烦恼的;生气的→ vt.使……不悦;惹恼
10. adj.定期的;有规律的→ adv.规则地;定期地;常规地
aware awareness
collection collect
anxious anxiety
annoyed annoy
regular regularly
形容词后缀:-ful、-ous、-ed 名词后缀:-ness、-ion
waste(n.)→wasteful(adj.) anxiety (n.)→anxious (adj.) annoy (vt.)→annoyed (adj.) aware (adj.)→awareness (n.)
collect (v.)→collection (n.)
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.suit n.套装;诉讼vt.适合;合身;对(某人)方便
(1)This new dress suits you very well.
(2)This hot weather doesn't suit me.
(3)Up to 2,000 former employees have filed personal injury suits against the company.
vt.合身;适合
vt.适合
n.诉讼
2.wrap v.包;裹;(使文字)换行n.包裹(或包装)材料
(1)He spent the evening wrapping up the New Year presents.
(2)We stock a wide range of cards and gift wrap.
(3)The text wraps around if it is too long to fit the screen.
v.包;裹
n.包装材料
v.换行
1.set out
2.traffic jam
3.stressed out
4.be related 与……有关联
开始;着手进行;动身;出发
交通堵塞
焦虑的
to
1.How often do we arrive at work or school,stressed out,tired and angry (形容词短语作伴随状语)
翻译 又有多少次,当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢
仿写 After the war,the soldiers returned home, .
战争结束后,那些士兵平安回到了家。
safe and sound
2.Over the last decade,an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.(over+一段时间)
翻译 在过去十年中,平均每年有2500人死于交通事故。
仿写 , tourism here .
在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
Over the last few years has developed considerably
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Match each part with its main idea according to the passage on Pages 58-59.
( )1.Part 1 ( )2.Part 2
A.Ways to give up cars. B.Serious traffic problems.
B
A
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Ⅰ.Read Part 1 of the passage on Pages 58-59 more carefully. Complete the notes in the diagram. Then think about any possible solutions to the problems.
Traffic
problems
stressed out
tired
gone up
have died
climate change
A
Traffic
problems
air pollution
cancer
roads
railways
regulations
awareness
Ⅱ.Read Part 2 on Page 59 carefully and complete the notes in the diagram.
Use your
legs.
Use public transport.
Think before you go.
Share cars.
Take action!
核 心 单 词
(牛津词典)I don't think people are really aware of just how much it costs.
我认为人们并不真正明白这要花多少钱。
知识点1 aware adj.知道的;意识到的;察觉到的 *awareness n.意识;察觉;认识
make sb aware of.../make sb aware that... 使某人意识到……
be/become aware of doing sth 意识到做某事
be/become aware that... 意识到……
(be) environmentally aware 有环保意识
(be) acutely/painfully aware 深切地/痛苦地认识到
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
在这里, 来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议, 这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
在这里, 来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议, 这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。
单句写作
(1)He must have his parents' marriage was breaking up.
他一定已经知道父母的婚姻正在破裂。
(2)There is a general smoking is harmful.
人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
(3)She was not wrong.
她没有意识到自己做错了事。
(4)I was he was aiming at.
我知道他在打什么主意。
been aware that
awareness that
aware of having done something/aware that she had done something
aware of what
(牛津词典)Parents are naturally anxious for their children.
父母自然会为儿女担心。
知识点2 anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的;渴望的 *anxiously adv.焦虑地;急切地 *anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望
be anxious about... 担心……
be anxious for...渴望……;非常希望……
be anxious to do... 渴望做……
with anxiety 焦急地
Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the contrary to our intention.
“拔苗助长”往往事与愿违。
(1)be anxious后接从句,从句中常用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
(2)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时,为不可数名词;表示具体意义的“焦虑”或“担心的事”时,则为可数名词。
(3)表示想得到某物或想做某事时,anxiety后通常跟动词不定式或“for+名词”作定语。
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)After listening to his advice she had no more (anxious).
(2)His anxiety (go) was obvious.
(3)His anxiety knowledge deserves our praise.
(4)He was anxious that they (have) all they want.
(5)She (anxious) took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find it didn't fit.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(6)She looked at her sick child and was very anxious.
→ (形容词短语作状语)
anxieties
to go
for
(should) have
anxiously
She looked at her sick child,very anxious.
(P58)How often do we get stuck in traffic jams
有多少次我们碰到交通堵塞而动弹不得
知识点3 stuck adj.卡住的;无法移动的;被困住的;陷入困境的 *stick v.(stuck,stuck)卡住;陷住;动不了
be/get stuck in = be/get caught in = be/get trapped in 被困在……
be/get stuck with sb/sth摆脱不了某人/某事;甩不掉某人/某事
be/get stuck for sth 被某事难住;为某事犯愁
stick to 遵守;信守;坚持
The man's motorcycle was stuck in the mud and could not be pulled out.
那个男人的摩托车陷入泥里,无法开出来。
“get+过去分词”强调动作,常指意想不到的、突然的或偶然的情况,或谈论自身做的动作。例如:get hurt受伤;get burnt被烧伤/被烫着;get separated被分散;get dressed/washed穿衣/洗脸;get lost/married迷路/结婚;get drunk喝醉。
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The bus got stuck the snow and we had to walk the rest of the way.
(2)I hated playing the piano,but I stuck it and now I can play pretty well.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)They were stuck in the traffic jam for two hours,so they were late for the wedding party.(动词-ed形式作状语)
→ ,they were late for the wedding party.
in
to
Stuck in the traffic jam for two hours
Ⅲ.单句写作
(4)(2023·沈阳二中月考)Thanks to the help of the firefighters, the villagers
were saved.
多亏了消防队员们的帮助, 被洪水围困的村民们才得救。
stuck in the flood
(牛津词典)He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness.
因为我粗心大意,他开始恼火了。
知识点4 annoyed adj.烦恼的;恼火的 *annoying adj.讨厌的;恼人的 * annoy vt.使……不悦;惹恼;打扰 *annoyance [U]恼怒;生气;烦恼 [C]使人烦恼的事;令人生气的事物
annoy sb with/by 因……而使某人烦恼
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事而生气
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
to one's annoyance 使某人生气的是
He was annoyed at the annoying news that his parents told him. The annoyance disturbed his previous plan to the beach.
他对父母告诉他的恼人的消息感到恼火,这个烦恼打乱了他之前去海滩的计划。
(1)表示情绪变化的一类动词,如annoy、delight、excite、surprise、shock等,都为及物动词,表示“某事令某人……”;
(2)这类动词的-ed形式常用来指人的情绪反应,故它们作表语、定语和宾补时,被修饰的对象通常是人;而这类动词的-ing形式常用来指物的性质和特征,故它们作表语、定语和宾补时,被修饰的对象往往是物。
用annoy的适当形式填空
(1)Brown said he was by no means ;on the contrary,he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.
(2)The thing about the scheme is that it's confusing.
(3)To her ,the stranger did not go away.
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
(P58)But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.
但是和真正的社会损失相比,个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。
知识点5 anger n.愤怒;怒气 *angry adj.生气的
in anger 生气;气冲冲地
(an) anger at 因……生气
be angry with sb 对某人生气
be angry at sth 因某事生气
He rushed into the room in anger and sat in the sofa without saying a word. His mother asked what he was angry at.
他愤怒地冲进房间,一言不发地坐在沙发上。他妈妈问他为什么生气。
单句填空
(1)It is useless to debate this question anger.
(2)My mother was very angry me when I went home.
(3)My mother was so angry what I said before.
in
with
at
(P59)Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的事情。
知识点6 suit vt.适合;合身;对(某人)方便 n.诉讼;恳求;套装 *suitable adj.合适的;适宜的
suit sb 适合某人
suit one's needs 满足某人的需要
be suitable for 适合……
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
If it is not convenient for you, let me know what time suits you best.
如果你不方便的话,让我知道什么时间最适合你。
suit、match和fit的用法区别:
suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等;
match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配;
fit多指大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合;协调”。
Ⅰ.用suit、match、fit的适当形式填空
(1)The size of the shirt me well and its color my tie,so
it me.
Ⅱ.同义句改写
(2)The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.
(用动词suit和定语从句改写)
fits matches
suits
The challenge is finding partners that suit them.
(P109)I mean,why wrap a coconut in plastic
我是说,为什么要用塑料包装椰子呢
知识点7 wrap vt.包;裹 n.围巾;披肩;包装材料
wrap sth around/round sth/sb用……缠绕……
wrap sth (up) in sth 把……包在……里
be wrapped up in sb/sth注意力完全集中于某人/物
You'd better wrap a clean cloth around your arm till the wound closes.
你最好用干净的布把胳膊上的伤口裹严,直到伤口愈合。
单句填空
(1)You can wrap the skirt your waist.
(2)Tom wrapped a book a newspaper.
(3)They're completely wrapped in their work.
around/round
in
up
(牛津词典)When setting out on a long walk, always wear suitable boots.
每次出发远行时,都要穿合适的靴子。
短 语 句 式
知识点8 set out开始;着手进行;动身;出发
set aside 放在一边;留出
set down 记下;制定(规则等)
set up 树立;建立
set back 使推迟;耽误
set off 出发;动身;引爆
set out to do = set about doing 开始做;着手做
He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.
他已经实现了他3年前的奋斗目标。
单句写作
(1)Having said goodbye to their friends, they Paris.
他们向朋友告别后,就动身去巴黎了。
(2)We to find the truth behind the mystery.
我们着手揭开谜团背后的真相。
(3)There will be a risk of public protest that could reforms.
这会有引发公众抗议的危险,进而可能使变革推迟。
set off for
set out
set back
(P59)Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
有些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。
知识点9 be related to 与……有关联
relate one's ideas 叙述自己的观点
relate the incident to sb 把这件事讲给某人听
relate a story 讲故事
relate... with... 把……和……联系起来
In the future, pay increases will be related to productivity.
以后,工资的增加将和业绩挂钩。
单句填空
(1)It also includes (relate) skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
(2)According to Anderson,the amount of time spent watching television is not related
reading ability.
related
to
(P59)Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars.
一辆公共汽车最多可乘坐90人,而运载同样数量的人至少需要18辆小汽车。
知识点10 up to到达(某数量、程度等);多达;取决于
be up to doing sth 胜任做某事;适于做某事;忙于做某事
be up to sb 由某人决定
up to now 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
You can play up to 30 games at one time.
你一次可以玩多达30个游戏。
一句多译
他太小不能胜任这项工作。
(1)He is so young that he .(up to)
(2)He is so young that he .(qualify)
(3)He is so young that he .(equal)
(4)He is so young that he .(fit)
can't be up to the job
can't be qualified for the job
can't be equal to the job
can't be fit for the job
动 词 短 语
1.break短语
break away from脱离;摆脱
break down损坏;(化学)分解;(汽车)抛锚;垮掉
break in闯入;强行进入;插嘴;打断
break into闯入;打断;突然……起来
break off打断;折断
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发
break up(物理)分解;打碎;结束;散开;解散
探究点 常见的动词短语
2.bring短语
bring about引起;导致
bring back把……送回;归还;使回忆起
bring down使(政府或当权者)垮台;降低
bring in引进;挣得
bring out使显现;把……拿出来;激发;出版
bring up提出;教育;培养
3.come短语
come about发生;产生
come across(偶然)遇见(或发现)
come off达到效果;脱落
come on来吧;赶快
come out出来;(书)出版
come to共计;达到
come up with追上;赶上;想出(主意)
4.get短语
get across被理解
get along/on with进展;与……相处
get down下来;记下
get down to开始认真干
get off出发;下车
get through通过;打通(电话);完成;耗尽
6.hold短语
hold back隐瞒;阻碍;抑制(情感)
hold out伸出;坚持;维持
hold up举起;耽误;支撑
hold on等着;别挂断;坚持住
hold on to保留;抓住不放
7.make短语
make sense有意义;讲得通
make it及时到达;成功
make up编造;化妆;组成;构成;和好
make up for补偿;弥补
make room for给……腾地方
make use of利用
make way for为……开路;让路
make up one's mind打定主意;决定
8.put短语
put aside把……放在一边
put away把……收起来;储存
put back放回原处;拨回
put down放下;镇压;记下
put forward提出(计划、建议等);提前
put off 延期;推迟
put out扑灭;出版;关(灯)
put through接通(电话)
put up举起;张贴;留宿
put up with容忍
9.set短语
set about着手干;开始做
set aside暂时不考虑;把……放到一旁;省出;留出
set off 动身;引爆;引起;激发
set out开始;动身;陈述;阐明
set back使推迟;阻碍;使……花费
10.take短语
take charge of负责;掌管
take in吸收;欺骗
take off(飞机)起飞;脱下;(事业)腾飞
take on呈现;雇用;承担(责任)
take over接管;接任
take the place of代替
take up从事;拿起;占据(时间或空间)
11.turn短语
turn away转身;走开
turn down拒绝;调小
turn off关掉
turn on打开
turn out结果;证明是;关掉;生产
turn over翻转;仔细思量;移交
turn to求助于;翻到;转到
turn up调大;出现
12.其他常考的动词短语
account for解释;说明
answer for对……负责;为……付出代价
attend to处理;对待;照料
care about关心;在意;担忧
check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记;报到
check out结账离开
consist of包括;由……组成
contribute to有助于;导致
deal/do with对付;处理
figure out想清楚;弄明白;算出
focus on/upon集中(精神、注意力)于……
glance at匆匆一瞥
glare at怒视
head for朝……行进
insist on坚持要求
object to反对
point out指出
reach out for伸手去够
refer to提到;指的是;查阅
meet with偶遇
rely on/upon指望;信赖
result from因……而产生;是……造成的
result in结果是;导致
see to照看;处理;负责
show off炫耀
stick to坚持;不放弃
speed up加快速度
suffer from因……而受苦
use up耗尽;用尽
watch out警惕;注意
watch over留心;注意
wear out耗尽;使筋疲力尽
动词短语的构成一般是比较固定的。有时,为了增加题目的难度或考查考生对动词短语掌握的灵活性,命题者会将结构固定的动词短语拆开,尤其是当动词短语的结构为“动词+名词”或“动词+名词+副词/介词(如take notice of/take advantage of/pay attention to/look forward to等)”时。此种类型的试题一般而言分为三大类:
(1)将动词短语中的名词作为先行词,考查动词短语中的动词、介词或副词;
(2)将动词短语中的名词作为主语,考查动词短语中的动词;
(3)结合动词短语和定语从句考查“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词。
The deep interest in literature he gradually developed helped him a lot in his later writing.(develop... interest in)
他逐渐培养起来的对文学的浓厚兴趣在他后来的写作中帮了他很大的忙。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.At 8:00 am, we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set for the top in high spirits.
2.A big complaint is that mobile screens are too small for ads to make an impression on
(consume).
3.It is (waste) to leave water running from a pipe.
4.Some modern art is abstract while some is (reality).
out
consumers
wasteful
realistic
5.At the school opening ceremony, our headmaster required us students to raise our competitive (aware) in modern society.
6.Your mother must be anxious (know) about what happened yesterday.
7.After supper, Mary set about (put) away the chopsticks and bowls.
8.It's unfortunate to be stuck the rain.
9.I am worried about you. You look really (stress) out lately.
10.Whenever the young animal is frightened,disturbed,or (annoy),it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.
11.With his mind focused on the things not related his studies, his marks have fallen rapidly.
awareness
to know
putting
in
stressed
annoyed
to
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Here are five easy ways to improve our environment.
Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys 1. (be) under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could 2. (easy) walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live 3.
(long).
Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while 4.__________
same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, 5.
so what You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows
were
easily
longer
the
but
Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre 6._________
the other side of town What about the shops around the corner Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need 7. (make) that journey.
Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share 8. (journey) with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
Take action! If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city 9. (govern). Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don't just sit around and complain.
All quite simple, isn't 10.
on
to make
journeys
government
it
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能——劝告或建议
1.阅读下列含有表示劝告或建议的语句
(1)Use your legs.
(2)Use public transport.
(3)Think before you go.
(4)Share cars.
(5)Take action!
2.判断下列语句中哪些不是表示劝告或建议的
A.But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.
B.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
C.Leg power can save your money,keep you fit and help you live longer.
D.Don't just sit around and complain!
A B
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月)Over 28 states have passed laws (relate) to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.
2.(2022·全国甲)World Oceans Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising_________
(aware) of ocean conservation.
3.(2022·全国甲)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid_____________
(annoy) your companions.
4.(2022·浙江)There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It (suit) the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
related
awareness
annoying
suits
5.(2022·北京)If researchers can't keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and (angry), Johnson warns.
6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages.
7.(2021·天津第一次)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause_____________
(anxious).
8.(2020·全国Ⅲ)The next morning he hired a boat and set to find the well-known painter.
anger
to
anxiety
out
