Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会have/get sth done的用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. n.意义;重要性→ adj.重要的
2. adv.极其;非常→ adj.杰出的; 优秀的→ n.例外
3. n.倾向→ vi.趋向;趋于
4. n.教育工作者;教育家→ vt.教育;教导;指导→ n.教育
5. vt.评估;评价;估计→ n.评估;评价
6. adj.难以忍受的;承受不住的→ adj.可容忍的→ vt.忍受;忍耐
7. n.首字母 adj.最初的→ adv.起初
8. v.联系→ n.关系;联系→ n.亲戚;亲属 adj.相对的;相关联的
9. n.兴奋;激动→ vt.使兴奋→ adj.兴奋的→ adj.令人兴奋的
10. adj.逐渐的;逐步的→ adv.逐渐地;逐步地
11. adj.令人痛苦的;困难的;疼痛的→ n.苦恼;痛苦 vt.使痛苦;使苦恼
12. vt.& vi.(使)扩大;增加→ n.扩张;扩大
13. adj.失望的;沮丧的→ v.使失望→ n.失望
答案 1.significance;significant 2.exceptionally;exceptional;exception 3.tendency;tend 4.educator;educate;education 5.evaluate;evaluation 6.unbearable;bearable;bear 7.initial;initially 8.relate;relation;relative 9.excitement;excite;excited;exciting 10.gradual;gradually
11.painful;pain 12.expand;expansion 13.disappointed;disappoint;disappointment
构词规律
名词后缀-ce 形容词后缀-ed
significance n.意义 ignorance n.无知;愚昧 confidence n.自信;信心 disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 excited adj.兴奋的
Step 2 短语记诵
1.hold up
2.open up
3.pour into
4.start with
5.keep on
答案 1.举起;支撑 2.打开 3.注入;大量投入 4.以……开始 5.继续进行
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.(now that引导原因状语从句)
翻译 由于海伦理解了语言的关键,她非常渴望学习更多语言,并且尽可能运用它。
仿写 , you might as well speak your mind.
既然我们都在这儿,你不妨把想法都说出来。
2.I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.(动词+it +宾语补足语+真正的宾语)
翻译 我觉得很奇怪,我的老师不能向我展示什么是爱。
仿写 We the child is left alone in the house.
我们认为把孩子单独留在家中是错误的。
3.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.(It is/was the first time...)
翻译 那是海伦第一次理解如此复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的词。
仿写 in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们全家人第一次一起在电影院看电影。
答案 1.Now that we are all here 2.think it wrong that 3.It is the first time we have seen a film
【合作探究】
新知探究
核心素养 (仅供教师参考)
《我的人生故事》(The Story of My Life)是海伦·凯勒的自传,这本书记录了她心理与智力成长的精彩过程。作品一经发表,立即在美国引起了轰动,被称为“世界文学史上无与伦比的杰作”,产生了巨大的影响,出版的版本超百种。
(仅供教师参考)
ENLIGHTENING A MIND
Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl. By the time she was seven years old, she still couldn't speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her(1). This was because she couldn't see or hear. With these severe restrictions to her communication, Helen's behaviour was often unbearable. She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.
启 迪 心 灵
海伦·凯勒是个非常特殊的女孩。她七岁时仍不会说话,不会读书,也不会写字,一切都需要别人替她做好。这是因为她看不见也听不见。这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的交流,也让她的行为常常令人难以忍受。海伦有时很烦躁、固执,而且易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思,她就会有摔东西的倾向。
【助读点拨】
(1)此处为“have sth done”结构,表示“使某事被做”。
Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen's difficulties.
Anne's technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. Anne spelt words by writing on Helen's hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. She started with the word “doll”. She would let Helen play with the doll, and then spell the letters
经人推荐,海伦的父母聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀女老师。安妮曾是波士顿一所盲人学校的老师,也曾在那儿上过学。因为她小时候视力也有障碍,所以她能理解海伦所面临的困境。
安妮教海伦学习语言的方法简单明了。她先在海伦手上拼写单词,使海伦联想到单词的画面。安妮给海伦拼写的第一个单词是“doll”。她先让海伦和洋娃娃玩耍,然后在海伦的手上拼写“D-O-L-L”。刚
“D-O-L-L” on her hand. When they initially did this, Helen thought it was a game. She wrote about her excitement later in her book, The Story of My Life:
“Running downstairs to my mother (2), I held up my hand and made the letters for ‘doll’. I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed; I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.”
开始海伦以为这是在玩游戏。后来在《我的人生故事》一书中,她描述了自己的兴奋之情:
“我跑下楼去见我的母亲,举起手来,给她拼写字母组成‘doll’。我那时并不知道自己在拼写单词,甚至不知道那些单词的存在。我只是调皮地用手指加以模仿而已。”
【助读点拨】
(2)此处为动词-ing形式作状语,run与其逻辑主语I之间为主谓关系。
When they were at the well one day, Anne put one of Helen's hands under the stream of water. As the water flowed over Helen's hand, Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen's other hand. As Anne wrote on Helen's hand, Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand(3). This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words opened up to her.
一天,当她们在井边时,安妮把海伦的一只手放在水流下。水缓缓流过海伦的手掌,安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。当安妮在海伦手上写的时候,海伦突然意识到,手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。这宝贵的知识给她带来希望和快乐。终于,她打开了语言世界的大门。
【助读点拨】
(3)此处为动词-ing形式作后置定语,修饰liquid, flow与其逻辑主语liquid之间为主谓关系。
Now that Helen grasped the key to language(4), she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. Children who can see and hear learn language easily, but for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes painful process. However, because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning, the results were amazing.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键,她非常渴望学习更多语言,并且尽可能运用它。正常的孩子能看、能听,学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说,学习语言是个渐进的过程,有时会很痛苦。然而,因为海伦对学习如此热情,所以她的学习成果令人吃惊。
【助读点拨】
(4)此处为now that引导的原因状语从句。
As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more questions. This soon led her to discover more complex words and changed her thinking process. Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well. This is how she described it in her book(5):
随着海伦知识和词汇量的增加,她提出的问题也越来越多。这很快使她发现了更复杂的单词,从而改变了自己的思维过程。她很清楚地记得学习“love”这个单词的经历。在书中她这样描述道:
【助读点拨】
(5)此处为how引导的表语从句,how在该从句中作状语。
“I remember the morning that I first asked the meaning of the word ‘love’. This was before I knew many words. I had found a few early violets in the garden and brought them to my teacher ... Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand, ‘I love Helen.’ ‘What is love ’ I asked. She drew me closer to her and said, ‘It is here,’ pointing to my heart ... Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.”
Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen, she kept on trying to understand it. “I smelt the violets in her hand and asked, half in words, half in signs, a question which meant, ‘Is love the sweetness of flowers ’ ‘No,’ said my teacher.”
When Helen and Anne were outside one day, Helen felt the warmth of the sun's rays. She pointed up and asked if that was love. When her teacher said that it wasn't, she was confused and disappointed. “I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.(6)”
“我记得有一天早上,我第一次问‘love’这个词的含义。那时我的词汇量还很有限。我在花园里发现了早开的紫罗兰,并摘下一些带给老师……莎莉文老师温柔地搂着我,在我的手上写着:‘我爱海伦。’‘什么是爱 ’我问道。她把我拉到她身边,指着我的心脏说:‘爱在这里。’……她的话令我非常困惑,因为那时我只有触碰到实际物体,才能理解它的意思。”
虽然对海伦来说,爱的意义还不明确,但她一直试着理解。“我闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰,半拼写半比画地问了个问题,意思大概是‘爱是花朵的香味吗 ’‘不,’我的老师回答道。”
一天,海伦和安妮在室外,海伦感受到了阳光的温暖。她向上指了指,问老师那是不是爱,老师说不是,海伦感到既困惑又失望。“我觉得很奇怪,我的老师不能向我展示什么是爱。”
【助读点拨】
(6)此处it为形式宾语,that引导的从句为真正的宾语。
The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen because it is such an abstract concept. However, one day as she was working on a simple task, she had a breakthrough. She was making necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes. Because she was uncertain how to fix them, she stopped to think carefully. As she did this, Anne touched Helen's forehead and wrote the word “think” on her hand. “In a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in my head.”
It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.(7) At that moment, her mind returned to the word “love”. As she thought about its meaning again, the sun came out. She pointed to the sun and asked her teacher again if that was love. Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was like the sun and clouds in a way.
“think”这个词对海伦来说也难以理解,因为它是一个抽象的概念。然而有一天,海伦在做一项简单的任务时,她取得了突破。她正在安妮的帮助下做项链,这时她发现自己犯了一些错。因为海伦不确定该如何解决,所以她停下来认真思考。在她思考的时候,安妮摸了摸海伦的额头,在她的手上写“think”这个词。“瞬间我就明白了,我头脑中进行的活动就是这个词的意思。”
那是海伦第一次理解如此复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的词。这时,海伦又想起了“love”这个词。她再次思考它是什么意思,恰巧这时太阳出来了。海伦指着太阳又问老师那是不是爱。安妮解释道,爱在某种程度上就像太阳和云彩。 “You cannot touch the clouds, you know; but you feel the rain... You cannot touch love either; but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything. Without love you would not be happy or want to play.”
In that vivid moment, Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”.
“你知道的,你摸不到云彩,但是你能感觉到雨……你也触摸不到爱,但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。没有爱,你就不会快乐,也不想玩耍。”
就在那个动人的时刻,海伦终于明白了“love”这个词蕴含的美丽的真谛。
【助读点拨】
(7)此处为“It is/was the first time (that)...”句型,表示“这是第一次做某事”。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 significance n.意义;意思;重要性 *significant adj.重要的;有重大意义的;显著的 * significantly adv.显著地;明显地;有重大意义地
(牛津词典)The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.
这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大的意义。
知识拓展
be of significance to... 对……有重要意义
attach significance to... 认为……重要(此处to为介词)
It is significant that...很明显……(从句谓语动词常用should+动词原形)
图解释义
The wedding anniversary is of great significance to the couple.
结婚纪念日对这对夫妻来说意义重大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)As time goes by, I attach more significance to (do) what I am doing now.
(2)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special (significant).
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)练习书法对学生的成长很重要。
→Practising handwriting the students' growth.(significant)
→Practising handwriting the students' growth.(significance)
答案 (1)doing (2)significance (3)is very significant to;is of great significance to
知识点2 promote vt.促进;增进 *promoter n.发起者;赞助者 *promotion n.提升;提拔;晋升;促进;推广
(P28)promotes social development
促进社会发展
知识拓展
promote... as... 把……提拔为……;把……推广为……
promote... (from...) to... 把……(从……)提升到……
图解释义
Sally worked hard and was soon promoted.
莎莉工作努力,不久就得到了晋升。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Many places of London have been promoted tourist spots because of the London Olympics.
(2)She worked hard in order to be promoted a saleswoman a manager.
(3)Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity (promote) our friendship.
答案 (1)as (2)from;to (3)to promote
知识点3 sympathy n.同情;同情心 *sympathize v.同情;赞同;支持 *sympathetic adj.同情的;赞同的 *sympathetically adv.同情地
(P28)developing sympathy for and understanding of our fellow men
加深对我们同胞的同情和理解
知识拓展
show/have/feel (no) sympathy for...对……表示(不)同情
be in sympathy with 同情;赞同
be out of sympathy with 不赞同;不支持
be sympathetic to/towards 同情……
熟词生义
sympathy n. 志同道合;意气相投
It was impossible for much sympathy to exist between two such people.
两个这样的人不可能意气相投。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)While I (sympathy) with your point of view, I can't accept it.
(2)He gave me a (sympathy) smile when I was scolded by my mother.
(3)She talked about the victims of the earthquake (sympathetic).
(4)My mother is (sympathy) to my plan.
答案 (1)sympathize (2)sympathetic
(3)sympathetically (4)sympathetic
知识点4 tendency n.倾向;趋势 *tend v.倾向;趋于;照顾;护理
(P30)She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.
海伦有时很烦躁、固执,而且易怒。 如果没有人能理解她的意思,她就会有摔东西的倾向。
知识拓展
There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth. 某人做某事的倾向日益增长。
tend to do sth 往往会;常常就
tend towards/to 倾向;趋于
tend sb/sth 照顾或护理某人/某物
经典佳句
Milk has a tendency to go sour in hot weather.
牛奶在炎热的天气里会变酸。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Janet tends (get) very angry if others disagree with her.
(2)The nurse was very nice and she skillfully (tend) soldiers' wounds.
(3)There is a growing (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
(4)It means that more heat energy (tend) to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.
答案 (1)to get (2)tended (3)tendency (4)tends
知识点5 relate v.理解;相联系;讲述 *related adj.相关的 *relation n.关系;联系 *relative adj.相对的;相关联的 n.亲戚;亲属
(P30)She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen's difficulties.
因为她小时候视力也有障碍,所以她能理解海伦所面临的困境。
知识拓展
relate to 涉及;与……相关;谈到
relate sth to sth 把……与……联系起来
relate sth to sb 向……讲述……
be related to 和……有联系;和……有(亲戚)关系
have relation to 与……有关
in relation to 关于
经典佳句
The family tree shows everyone I'm related to.
这个家谱显示了和我有关联的所有人。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Firstly,I am expected to know about the polite language related my service.
(2)It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about (relate) concepts.
(3)My mum is a volunteer in a hospital.She brings dinner every Sunday to the people looking after their (relative) who are in hospital.
Ⅱ.词汇升级
(4)The third one is in relation to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.
→The third one is the establishment of standards of work in all departments.
答案 (1)to (2)related (3)relatives (4)related to
知识点6 excitement n.兴奋;激动 *excite vt.使激动;使兴奋;激发;引起 *excited adj.激动的;兴奋的 *exciting adj.令人激动的;令人兴奋的
(P30)She wrote about her excitement later in her book,The Story of My Life...
后来在《我的人生故事》一书中,她描述了自己的兴奋之情……
知识拓展
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋/激动的是
in excitement 激动地
with excitement 兴奋地
be filled with excitement 激动地
be excited about 对……感到兴奋
经典佳句
When the exciting news came that an art festival would be held the coming week, all students felt excited. And the excitement lasted a whole day.
当下周将举办艺术节这一令人兴奋的消息传来时,所有学生都感到兴奋。这种兴奋持续了一整天。
知识拓展
(1)表示人感到“激动的;兴奋的”, 用excited; 表示“令人激动的;令人兴奋的”, 用exciting。
(2)excitement表示“激动;兴奋;刺激”时通常用作不可数名词; 表示“使人兴奋或激动的事”时用作可数名词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)To our great (excite), there is a football match this weekend.
(2)His (excite) look suggested that he passed the exam.
(3)American football is more (excite) than I thought.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)We at the thought of visiting Disneyland.
想到要去迪士尼乐园,我们就激动不已。
答案 (1)excitement (2)excited (3)exciting (4)were filled with excitement
知识点7 mean v.意思是;打算;意欲 *meaning n.意思;意义
(P30)As Anne wrote on Helen's hand, Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand.
当安妮在海伦手上写的时候,海伦突然意识到,手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。
知识拓展
mean doing... 意味着做……
mean to do... 打算做……
meant to have done... =had meant to do... 本打算做……
mean sb for/to be... 想要某人成为……
be meant for... 为……而准备的;打算作……用
经典佳句
The red light means “Stop”.
红灯就是“停”的意思。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Did you mean (leave) your dog here
(2)To increase government spending means (create) more job opportunities.
(3)She meant her son (be) a poet.
(4)He meant (help) you,but he was too busy then.
答案 (1)to leave (2)creating (3)to be (4)to have helped
知识点8 grasp vt.理解;领会 n.理解(力);领会;紧抓;能力所及
(P31)Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键,她非常渴望学习更多语言,并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
grasp sb by the collar 抓住某人的衣领
grasp one's meaning 领会某人的意思
beyond one's grasp 某人力量达不到的;某人力所不能及的
within one's grasp 某人力所能及的;某人能理解的
图解释义
The baby grasped his mother's finger.
婴儿抓住了母亲的手指。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He grasped the thief the collar and fought with him bravely.
(2)We are hopeful that peace is now our grasp.
答案 (1)by (2)within
知识点9 enthusiastic adj.热心的;热衷的 *enthusiasm n.热情;热衷的事物 *enthusiastically adv.热情地 *enthusiast n.热衷于……的人;爱好者
(P31)However, because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning, the results were amazing.
然而,因为海伦对学习如此热情,所以她的学习成果令人吃惊。
知识拓展
be enthusiastic about对……充满热情
be in enthusiasm怀有热情
with enthusiasm热情地
have enthusiasm for (doing) sth 对(做)某事怀有热情
经典佳句
The winners were given an enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home.
获胜者归来时受到了热烈欢迎。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I'm disappointed to find that our manager wasn't enthusiastic my proposal.
(2)If you have enthusiasm English, why not come and join our club
(3)Our teacher entered the discussion (enthusiastic).
答案 (1)about (2)for (3)enthusiastically
知识点10 expand v.(使)扩大;增加;扩展 *expansion n.扩张;膨胀;扩展;扩大
(P31)As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more questions.
随着海伦知识和词汇量的增加,她提出的问题也越来越多。
知识拓展
expand by 因……而扩大
expand from...to... 从……扩大到……
expand in 在……中发展
expand into 扩大成
经典佳句
The city is expanding rapidly, whose expansion has brought damage to the natural surroundings.
这座城市正在迅速扩张,其扩张给自然环境带来了破坏。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Ms Li's business (expand) quickly. She opened her first store two years ago; now she has fifty stores all over the country.
(2)Because of population (expand) and overdevelopment,resources have become less and less.
(3)My English oral skills have improved,and my vocabulary (expand).
答案 (1)expanded (2)expansion (3)has expanded
知识点11 insist vi.坚称;坚持主张
(P109)Well, for example, the first great educational philosopher of modern times, Comenius, insisted that when teaching,the subject matter should be adapted to learners' interests,and the method of instruction should be consistent with their mental development.
比如,近代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯认为,在教学时,内容应适应学生的兴趣,教学方法应与他们的心智发展相一致。
知识拓展
insist on/upon (doing) sth坚持要求(做)某事
insist that... (should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事
图解释义
Mother insisted that a child should not lie.
妈妈坚持主张孩子不能撒谎。
名师点拨
insist作“坚决要求;坚决主张”讲时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)do”;作“坚持说;坚持认为”讲时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The doctor insisted that she (be) seriously ill and that she (operate) on immediately.
(2)He insisted me going with him.
(3)He insisted that he (hear) someone in the next room.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·河南郑州外国语学校模拟)She insisted that the boy and that he .
她坚持说那个男孩偷了她的钱包,并坚决要求把他送到警察局。
答案 (1)was;(should) be operated (2)on (3)heard (4)had stolen her wallet;(should) be sent to the police station
知识点12 consistent adj.一贯的;一致的 *consistently adv.一贯地 *consist vi. 由……构成;包括;存在于;在于 *consistency 连贯性;一致性
(P109)Well, for example, the first great educational philosopher of modern times, Comenius, insisted that when teaching,the subject matter should be adapted to learners' interests,and the method of instruction should be consistent with their mental development.
比如,近代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯认为,在教学时,内容应适应学生的兴趣,教学方法应与他们的心智发展相一致。
知识拓展
be consistent with与……一致
consist of=be composed of=be made up of由……组成;由……构成
consist in=lie in在于
经典佳句
But remember, everything needs to be consistent when it comes to referencing.
但是记住,在引用时,一切都需要一致。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)It is true that success consists the continuous efforts.
(2)The medical team (consist) of five experienced doctors and ten skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquake-hit areas.
(3)The results are entirely consistent our earlier research.
答案 (1) in (2)consisting (3) with
短 语 句 式
知识点13 be eager to do sth渴望做某事
(P31)Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键,她非常渴望学习更多语言,并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
be eager for 渴望得到
be eager that... 渴望……
经典佳句
The company is eager to gain a foothold in Europe.
这家公司急于在欧洲取得一席之地。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The child was eager (have) the candy.
(2)He was eager the job, because he could not imagine life without it.
答案 (1)to have (2)for
知识点14 as引导时间状语从句
(P30)As the water flowed over Helen's hand, Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen's other hand.
水缓缓流过海伦的手掌,安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。
知识拓展
As the water flowed over Helen's hand为as引导的时间状语从句。
(1)as用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“一边……一边……;随着……;当……时” 。
(2)as用作连词引导原因状语从句,意为“既然;由于”。
(3)as用作连词引导让步状语从句, 意为“虽然;尽管”。
(4)as用作连词引导方式状语从句, 意为“像;按照……的方式”。
The girl dances as she sings on the stage.
那个女孩在舞台上边唱边跳。
As time went by, she became more and more worried.
随着时间的推移,她越来越担心。
Tired as they were, they walked on.
尽管他们累了,他们依然继续前行。
He speaks English fluently as Americans do.
他说英语就像美国人一样流利。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He looked behind from time to time .
他边向前走边时不时地回头看。
(2) , they become more and more interested in the things around them.
随着孩子们的长大, 他们对周围的事情变得越来越感兴趣。
(3) , you may stay at home.
既然你不舒服, 你可以待在家里。
(4)Remember, you must do everything .
记住, 你必须按我的方式做所有的事情。
答案 (1)as he went forward (2)As children get older (3)As you're not feeling well (4)as I do
知识点15 now that引导原因状语从句
(P31)Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键,她非常渴望学习更多语言,并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
now that 意为“既然;由于”,相当于since,是连词短语,用来引导原因状语从句。 now that 引导原因状语从句,表示明显的原因或既成的事实,常位于句首。口语中that可省略。其他表示原因的连词或介词短语:
(1)because“因为”(表示直接而明确的原因,常用于回答why的疑问);
(2)since“由于;既然”(可与now that互换);
(3)as“因为”(语气较弱);
(4)for“因为”(并列连词,引导一个分句,不能置于句首,表示进一步补充说明);
(5)due to、because of、on account of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of等介词短语。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) , we can't buy a new car.
由于没钱,我们没法买新汽车。
(2)She must have gone out early, at breakfast.
她一定很早就出去了,因为她没来吃早餐。
(3)It was that he didn't come to school today.
正是因为他生病了,所以他今天没有来上学。
答案 (1)Since/Now that we have no money (2)for she didn't show up (3)because he was ill
知识点16 动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语
(P31)I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
我觉得很奇怪,我的老师不能向我展示什么是爱。
知识拓展
句中使用了“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”结构,it为形式宾语,that 从句为真正的宾语。除了形容词作宾语补足语外,名词、介词短语、动词-ing形式等也常作宾语补足语。此外,真正的宾语也可以是动词不定式。
I find it hard to do the job well.
我发现做好这项工作很难。
I think it our duty to help the poor.
我认为帮助穷人是我们的责任。
No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他都把在早餐之前去散步作为惯例。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Many people find it hard (live) on a basic state pension (养老金).
(2)We think highly probable that he has settled down in America.
(3)Nowadays convenient transport makes it possible for us (travel) around the world within hours.
(4)She made clear that she was against the plan.
答案 (1)to live (2)it (3)to travel (4)it
语法探究
have/get sth done
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.You'd better have/get your bad tooth pulled out.
2.I can't have/get the car started.
3.The poor girl had/got her handbag stolen.
我的发现
have/get sth done 可表达两种含义:
(1)使某事 (可能是主语自己做,也可能是让别人做);
(2)遭遇到不幸的事情(主语是 )。
答案 (1)被做 (2)人
探究点 have/get sth done的常用时态
一般现在时 have (has)/get (gets) sth done
一般过去时 had/got sth done
现在进行时 am (is/are) having/getting sth done
过去进行时 was (were) having/getting sth done
现在完成时 have (has) had/got sth done
过去完成时 had had/got sth done
一般将来时 will (be going to) have/get sth done
The teacher often has/gets my homework handed in after school.
老师经常让我放学后上交作业。
She got/had her fingers caught in the door.
她的手指让门给夹了。
He is having/getting his eyes examined now.
他现在在检查眼睛。
The old woman was having/getting her hair cut at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候那位老太太正在理发。
I have had/got all the branches cut up for firewood.
我已经把所有的树枝截成段做柴火了。
When he got home,his father had had/got the computer repaired.
当他到家时,他父亲已经找人把电脑修好了。
You will have/get your eyes tested.
有人将检查一下你的眼睛。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I hope to find a useful way to have my written English (improve) in a short time.
(2)Our teacher asked us to have our compositions (correct) after class.
(3)We shouldn't sit too close to a fire in order not to get our clothes (burn).
(4)We are determined to get the work (do) before Sunday.
答案 (1)improved (2)corrected (3)burnt/burned (4)done
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The company (expand) its operations in England by building a new factory there recently.
2.It's better to have your car (wash) before you get into the city.
3.It was the first time that she (leave) her motherland.
4.I would have him (wait) for me at the gate of the park.
5.I thought she had retired, but (apparent) she hasn't.
6.We are seeking continuous and incremental(渐进的) improvements, not great (breakthrough).
7.The government placed many (restrict) on foreign trade.
8.He was (disappoint) at not getting the job, but he'll get over it.
9.Loneliness in a gloomy raining day may be (bearable) to him.
答案 1.has expanded 2.washed 3.had left 4.wait 5.apparently 6.breakthroughs 7.restrictions 8.disappointed 9.unbearable
Ⅱ.根据提示完成小作文
在回家的路上,我偶遇一位老人在路边乞讨。他躺在地上,非常(exceptionally)饿。除此之外,来自他人的漠视让他难以忍受(unbearable)。我不知道他是怎样来到这儿的,然而我最终帮助了他。他告诉我这是他第一次(it is/was the first time that...)感受到来自陌生人的温暖。从那以后,我想既然(now that)每个人都有年老的时候,为什么不善待自己的父母呢
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
On my way home,I came across an old man begging by the road. Exceptionally hungry, he was lying on the ground.In addition, indifference from others was unbearable for him. I didn't figure out how he arrived here. However, I ended up helping him. He told me it was the first time that he had felt the warmth from a stranger. After that, I am thinking now that everyone will get old, why not treat our parents kindly
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2021·浙江1月)Researchers say they have translated the (mean) of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate.
2.(2020·全国Ⅰ)The kids (apparent)know the truth.
3.(2023·上海1月)Kathy,I am (excite)about this afternoon's lecture on Beijing Opera.
4.(2023·浙江1月)The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social (relate).
5.(2022·全国乙)The one in the new environment should be (sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
答案 1.meaning 2.apparently 3.excited 4.relations 5.sympathetic
2(共70张PPT)
UNIT 5 EDUCATION
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化单词、短语和句式，并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，学会have/get sth done的用法。（语言能力）
1.___________ n.意义；重要性→__________ adj.重要的
significance
significant
2.____________ adv.极其；非常→___________ adj.杰出的； 优秀的→_________ n.例
外
exceptionally
exceptional
exception
3._________ n.倾向→_____ vi.趋向；趋于
tendency
tend
4._________ n.教育工作者；教育家→________ vt.教育；教导；指导→_________ n.
教育
educator
educate
education
5.________ vt.评估；评价；估计→__________ n.评估；评价
evaluate
evaluation
6.__________ adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的→________ adj.可容忍的→_____ vt.忍受；
忍耐
unbearable
bearable
bear
7.______ n.首字母 adj.最初的→________ adv.起初
initial
initially
8.______ v.联系→________ n.关系；联系→________ n.亲戚；亲属 adj.相对的；相关
联的
relate
relation
relative
9.__________ n.兴奋；激动→______ vt.使兴奋→_______ adj.兴奋的→________ adj.
令人兴奋的
excitement
excite
excited
exciting
10.________ adj.逐渐的；逐步的→_________ adv.逐渐地；逐步地
gradual
gradually
11._______ adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→_____ n.苦恼；痛苦 vt.使痛苦；使苦
恼
painful
pain
12._______ vt.& vi.（使）扩大；增加→__________ n.扩张；扩大
expand
expansion
13.____________ adj.失望的；沮丧的→__________ v.使失望→______________ n.失望
disappointed
disappoint
disappointment
&1& 构词规律
名词后缀-ce 形容词后缀-ed
significance n.意义 ignorance n.无知；愚昧 confidence n.自信；信心 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的
excited adj.兴奋的
1.hold up____________
举起；支撑
2.open up______
打开
3.pour into________________
注入；大量投入
4.start with____________
以……开始
5.keep on__________
继续进行
1.Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more
and use it as much as she could.（now that引导原因状语从句）
翻译 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能运用它。
仿写 ________________________，you might as well speak your mind.
既然我们都在这儿，你不妨把想法都说出来。
Now that we are all here
2.I ..thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.（动词+it+宾语补足
语+真正的宾语）
翻译 我觉得很奇怪，我的老师不能向我展示什么是爱。
仿写 We __________________the child is left alone in the house.
我们认为把孩子单独留在家中是错误的。
think it wrong that
3.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for
something she couldn't touch.（It is/was the first time...）
翻译 那是海伦第一次理解如此复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的词。
仿写 ____________________________________in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们全家人第一次一起在电影院看电影。
It is the first time we have seen a film
核 心 单 词
知识点1 significance n.意义；意思；重要性＊significant adj.重要的；有重大意义的；显著的＊ significantly adv.显著地；明显地；有重大意义地
（牛津词典）The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.
这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大的意义。
知识拓展
be of significance to... 对……有重要意义
attach significance to... 认为……重要（此处to为介词）
It is significant that...很明显……（从句谓语动词常用should+动词原形）
图解释义
The wedding anniversary is of great significance to the couple.
结婚纪念日对这对夫妻来说意义重大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）As time goes by， I attach more significance to ______（do） what I am
doing now.
doing
（2）This is why decorating with plants， fruits and flowers carries special
___________（significant）.
significance
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）练习书法对学生的成长很重要。
→Practising handwriting ____________________ the students' growth.（significant）
→Practising handwriting ________________________ the students' growth.
（significance）
is very significant to
is of great significance to
知识点2 promote vt.促进；增进 ＊promoter n.发起者；赞助者
＊promotion n.提升；提拔；晋升；促进；推广
（P28）promotes social development
促进社会发展
知识拓展
promote... as... 把……提拔为……；把……推广为……
promote... （from...） to... 把……（从……）提升到……
图解释义
Sally worked hard and was soon promoted.
莎莉工作努力，不久就得到了晋升。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Many places of London have been promoted ___ tourist spots because of the
London Olympics.
as
（2）She worked hard in order to be promoted ______ a saleswoman ___ a manager.
from
to
（3）Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity ___________
（promote） our friendship.
to promote
知识点3 sympathy n.同情；同情心 ＊sympathize v.同情；赞同；支持
＊sympathetic adj.同情的；赞同的＊sympathetically adv.同情地
（P28）developing sympathy for and understanding of our fellow men
加深对我们同胞的同情和理解
知识拓展
show/have/feel （no） sympathy for...对……表示（不）同情
be in sympathy with 同情；赞同
be out of sympathy with 不赞同；不支持
be sympathetic to/towards 同情……
熟词生义
sympathy n. 志同道合；意气相投
It was impossible for much sympathy to exist between two such people.
两个这样的人不可能意气相投。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）While I ___________（sympathy） with your point of view， I can't accept it.
sympathize
（2）He gave me a ___________（sympathy） smile when I was scolded by my
mother.
sympathetic
（3）She talked about the victims of the earthquake ______________（sympathetic）.
sympathetically
（4）My mother is ___________（sympathy） to my plan.
sympathetic
知识点4 tendency n.倾向；趋势＊tend v.倾向；趋于；照顾；护理
（P30）She was sometimes troublesome， stubborn and angry， and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.
海伦有时很烦躁、固执，而且易怒。 如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会有摔东西的倾向。
知识拓展
There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth. 某人做某事的倾向日益增长。
tend to do sth 往往会；常常就
tend towards/to 倾向；趋于
tend sb/sth 照顾或护理某人/某物
经典佳句
Milk has a tendency to go sour in hot weather.
牛奶在炎热的天气里会变酸。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Janet tends _______（get） very angry if others disagree with her.
to get
（2）The nurse was very nice and she skillfully _______（tend） soldiers' wounds.
tended
（3）There is a growing _________（tend） for people to work at home instead of
in offices.
tendency
（4）It means that more heat energy ______（tend） to be trapped in the atmosphere
causing the global temperature to go up.
tends
知识点5 relate v.理解；相联系；讲述＊related adj.相关的＊relation n.关系；联系＊relative adj.相对的；相关联的 n.亲戚；亲属
（P30）She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen's difficulties.
因为她小时候视力也有障碍，所以她能理解海伦所面临的困境。
知识拓展
relate to 涉及；与……相关；谈到
relate sth to sth 把……与……联系起来
relate sth to sb 向……讲述……
be related to 和……有联系；和……有（亲戚）关系
have relation to 与……有关
in relation to 关于
经典佳句
The family tree shows everyone I'm related to.
这个家谱显示了和我有关联的所有人。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Firstly，I am expected to know about the polite language related ___ my
service.
to
（2）It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens
of questions about _______（relate） concepts.
related
（3）My mum is a volunteer in a hospital. She brings dinner every Sunday to the
people looking after their ________（relative） who are in hospital.
relatives
Ⅱ.词汇升级
（4）The third one is in relation to the establishment of standards of work in all
departments.
→The third one is __________ the establishment of standards of work in all
departments.
related to
知识点6 excitement n.兴奋；激动＊excite vt.使激动；使兴奋；激发；引起 ＊excited adj.激动的；兴奋的＊exciting adj.令人激动的；令人兴奋的
（P30）She wrote about her excitement later in her book，The Story of My Life...
后来在《我的人生故事》一书中，她描述了自己的兴奋之情……
知识拓展
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋/激动的是
in excitement 激动地
with excitement 兴奋地
be filled with excitement 激动地
be excited about 对……感到兴奋
经典佳句
When the exciting news came that an art festival would be held the coming week， all students felt excited. And the excitement lasted a whole day.
当下周将举办艺术节这一令人兴奋的消息传来时，所有学生都感到兴奋。这种兴奋持续了一整天。
名师点拨
（1）表示人感到“激动的；兴奋的”， 用excited； 表示“令人激动的；令人兴奋的”， 用exciting。
（2）excitement表示“激动；兴奋；刺激”时通常用作不可数名词； 表示“使人兴奋或激动的事”时用作可数名词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）To our great __________（excite）， there is a football match this weekend.
excitement
（2）His _______（excite） look suggested that he passed the exam.
excited
（3）American football is more ________（excite） than I thought.
exciting
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）We _________________________ at the thought of visiting Disneyland.
想到要去迪士尼乐园，我们就激动不已。
were filled with excitement
知识点7 mean v.意思是；打算；意欲 ＊meaning n.意思；意义
（P30）As Anne wrote on Helen's hand， Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand.
当安妮在海伦手上写的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。
知识拓展
mean doing... 意味着做……
mean to do... 打算做……
meant to have done... =had meant to do... 本打算做……
mean sb for/to be... 想要某人成为……
be meant for... 为……而准备的；打算作……用
经典佳句
The red light means “Stop”.
红灯就是“停”的意思。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Did you mean ________（leave） your dog here
to leave
（2）To increase government spending means ________（create） more job
opportunities.
creating
（3）She meant her son ______（be） a poet.
to be
（4）He meant ______________（help） you，but he was too busy then.
to have helped
知识点8 grasp vt.理解；领会 n.理解（力）；领会；紧抓；能力所及
（P31）Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
grasp sb by the collar 抓住某人的衣领
grasp one's meaning 领会某人的意思
beyond one's grasp 某人力量达不到的；某人力所不能及的
within one's grasp 某人力所能及的；某人能理解的
图解释义
The baby grasped his mother's finger.
婴儿抓住了母亲的手指。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He grasped the thief ____ the collar and fought with him bravely.
by
（2）We are hopeful that peace is now _______ our grasp.
within
知识点9 enthusiastic adj.热心的；热衷的＊enthusiasm n.热情；热衷的事物＊enthusiastically adv.热情地＊enthusiast n.热衷于……的人；爱好者
（P31）However， because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning， the results were amazing.
然而，因为海伦对学习如此热情，所以她的学习成果令人吃惊。
知识拓展
be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情
be in enthusiasm 怀有热情
with enthusiasm 热情地
have enthusiasm for （doing） sth 对（做）某事怀有热情
经典佳句
The winners were given an enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home.
获胜者归来时受到了热烈欢迎。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I'm disappointed to find that our manager wasn't enthusiastic ______ my
proposal.
about
（2）If you have enthusiasm ____ English， why not come and join our club
for
（3）Our teacher entered the discussion ______________ （enthusiastic）.
enthusiastically
知识点10 expand v.（使）扩大；增加；扩展＊expansion n.扩张；膨胀；扩展；扩大
（P31）As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded， she asked more and more questions.
随着海伦知识和词汇量的增加，她提出的问题也越来越多。
知识拓展
expand by 因……而扩大
expand from...to... 从……扩大到……
expand in 在……中发展
expand into 扩大成
经典佳句
The city is expanding rapidly， whose expansion has brought damage to the natural surroundings.
这座城市正在迅速扩张，其扩张给自然环境带来了破坏。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Ms Li's business _________（expand） quickly. She opened her first store two
years ago； now she has fifty stores all over the country.
expanded
（2）Because of population __________（expand） and overdevelopment，resources
have become less and less.
expansion
（3）My English oral skills have improved，and my vocabulary _____________
（expand）.
has expanded
知识点11 insist vi.坚称；坚持主张
（P109）Well， for example， the first great educational philosopher of modern times， Comenius， insisted that when teaching，the subject matter should be adapted to learners' interests，and the method of instruction should be consistent with their mental development.
比如，近代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯认为，在教学时，内容应适应学生的兴趣，教学方法应与他们的心智发展相一致。
知识拓展
insist on/upon （doing） sth坚持要求（做）某事
insist that... （should） do sth 坚决要求……做某事
图解释义
Mother insisted that a child should not lie.
妈妈坚持主张孩子不能撒谎。
名师点拨
insist作“坚决要求；坚决主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“（should+）do”；作“坚持说；坚持认为”讲时，其后的从句用陈述语气。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The doctor insisted that she _____（be） seriously ill and that she
______________________（operate） on immediately.
was
（should） be operated
（2）He insisted ____ me going with him.
on
（3）He insisted that he ______（hear） someone in the next room.
heard
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·河南郑州外国语学校模拟）She insisted that the boy
____________________ and that he____________________________________.
她坚持说那个男孩偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。
had stolen her wallet
（should） be sent to the police station
知识点12 consistent adj.一贯的；一致的＊consistently adv.一贯地
＊consist vi. 由……构成；包括；存在于；在于＊consistency 连贯性；一致性
（P109）Well， for example， the first great educational philosopher of modern times， Comenius， insisted that when teaching，the subject matter should be adapted to learners' interests，and the method of instruction should be consistent with their mental development.
比如，近代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯认为，在教学时，内容应适应学生的兴趣，教学方法应与他们的心智发展相一致。
知识拓展
be consistent with 与……一致
consist of=be composed of=be made up of 由……组成；由……构成
consist in=lie in 在于
经典佳句
But remember， everything needs to be consistent when it comes to referencing.
但是记住，在引用时，一切都需要一致。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It is true that success consists___ the continuous efforts.
in
（2）The medical team __________（consist） of five experienced doctors and ten
skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquake-hit areas.
consisting
（3）The results are entirely consistent _____ our earlier research.
with
短 语 句 式
知识点13 be eager to do sth渴望做某事
（P31）Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
be eager for 渴望得到
be eager that... 渴望……
经典佳句
The company is eager to gain a foothold in Europe.
这家公司急于在欧洲取得一席之地。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The child was eager________（have） the candy.
to have
（2）He was eager____the job， because he could not imagine life without it.
for
知识点14 as引导时间状语从句
（P30）As the water flowed over Helen's hand， Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen's other hand.
水缓缓流过海伦的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。
知识拓展
As the water flowed over Helen's hand为as引导的时间状语从句。
（1）as用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一边……一边……；随着……；当……时” 。
（2）as用作连词引导原因状语从句，意为“既然；由于”。
（3）as用作连词引导让步状语从句， 意为“虽然；尽管”。
（4）as用作连词引导方式状语从句， 意为“像；按照……的方式”。
The girl dances as she sings on the stage.
那个女孩在舞台上边唱边跳。
As time went by， she became more and more worried.
随着时间的推移，她越来越担心。
Tired as they were， they walked on.
尽管他们累了，他们依然继续前行。
He speaks English fluently as Americans do.
他说英语就像美国人一样流利。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He looked behind from time to time __________________.
他边向前走边时不时地回头看。
as he went forward
（2）____________________， they become more and more interested in the things
around them.
随着孩子们的长大， 他们对周围的事情变得越来越感兴趣。
As children get older
（3）________________________， you may stay at home.
既然你不舒服， 你可以待在家里。
As you're not feeling well
（4）Remember， you must do everything ________.
记住， 你必须按我的方式做所有的事情。
as I do
知识点15 now that引导原因状语从句
（P31）Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能运用它。
知识拓展
now that 意为“既然；由于”，相当于since，是连词短语，用来引导原因状语从句。 now that 引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实，常位于句首。口语中that可省略。其他表示原因的连词或介词短语:
（1）because“因为”（表示直接而明确的原因，常用于回答why的疑问）；
（2）since“由于；既然”（可与now that互换）；
（3）as“因为”（语气较弱）；
（4）for“因为”（并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明）；
（5）due to、because of、on account of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of等介词短语。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）________________________________，we can't buy a new car.
由于没钱，我们没法买新汽车。
Since/Now that we have no money
（2）She must have gone out early， _____________________at breakfast.
她一定很早就出去了，因为她没来吃早餐。
for she didn't show up
（3）It was __________________that he didn't come to school today.
正是因为他生病了，所以他今天没有来上学。
because he was ill
知识点16 动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语
（P31）I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
我觉得很奇怪，我的老师不能向我展示什么是爱。
知识拓展
句中使用了“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”结构，it为形式宾语，that 从句为真正的宾语。除了形容词作宾语补足语外，名词、介词短语、动词-ing形式等也常作宾语补足语。此外，真正的宾语也可以是动词不定式。
I find it hard to do the job well.
我发现做好这项工作很难。
I think it our duty to help the poor.
我认为帮助穷人是我们的责任。
No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里，他都把在早餐之前去散步作为惯例。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Many people find it hard _______（live） on a basic state pension （养老金）.
to live
（2）We think ___ highly probable that he has settled down in America.
it
（3）Nowadays convenient transport makes it possible for us _________（travel）
around the world within hours.
to travel
（4）She made ___ clear that she was against the plan.
it
have/get sth done
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1.You'd better have/get your bad tooth pulled out.
2.I can't have/get the car started.
3.The poor girl had/got her handbag stolen.
我的发现
have/get sth done 可表达两种含义:
（1）使某事______（可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做）；
被做
（2）遭遇到不幸的事情（主语是____）。
人
探究点 have/get sth done的常用时态
一般现在时 have （has）/get （gets） sth done
一般过去时 had/got sth done
现在进行时 am （is/are） having/getting sth done
过去进行时 was （were） having/getting sth done
现在完成时 have （has） had/got sth done
过去完成时 had had/got sth done
一般将来时 will （be going to） have/get sth done
The teacher often has/gets my homework handed in after school.
老师经常让我放学后上交作业。
She got/had her fingers caught in the door.
她的手指让门给夹了。
He is having/getting his eyes examined now.
他现在在检查眼睛。
The old woman was having/getting her hair cut at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候那位老太太正在理发。
I have had/got all the branches cut up for firewood.
我已经把所有的树枝截成段做柴火了。
When he got home，his father had had/got the computer repaired.
当他到家时，他父亲已经找人把电脑修好了。
You will have/get your eyes tested.
有人将检查一下你的眼睛。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I hope to find a useful way to have my written English _________ （improve）
in a short time.
improved
（2）Our teacher asked us to have our compositions_________ （correct） after class.
corrected
（3）We shouldn't sit too close to a fire in order not to get our clothes
____________ （burn）.
burnt/burned
（4）We are determined to get the work ______ （do） before Sunday.
done
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The company _____________（expand） its operations in England by building a
new factory there recently.
has expanded
2.It's better to have your car ________（wash） before you get into the city.
washed
3.It was the first time that she ________（leave） her motherland.
had left
4.I would have him _____（wait） for me at the gate of the park.
wait
5.I thought she had retired， but __________（apparent） she hasn't.
apparently
6.We are seeking continuous and incremental（渐进的） improvements， not great
_____________（breakthrough）.
breakthroughs
7.The government placed many ___________（restrict） on foreign trade.
restrictions
8.He was ____________（disappoint） at not getting the job， but he'll get over it.
disappointed
9.Loneliness in a gloomy raining day may be __________（bearable） to him.
unbearable
Ⅱ.根据提示完成小作文
在回家的路上，我偶遇一位老人在路边乞讨。他躺在地上，非常（exceptionally）饿。除此之外，来自他人的漠视让他难以忍受（unbearable）。我不知道他是怎样来到这儿的，然而我最终帮助了他。他告诉我这是他第一次（it is/was the first time that...）感受到来自陌生人的温暖。从那以后，我想既然（now that）每个人都有年老的时候，为什么不善待自己的父母呢
___
参考范文
On my way home，I came across an old man begging by the road. Exceptionally hungry， he was lying on the ground. In addition， indifference from others was unbearable for him. I didn't figure out how he arrived here. However， I ended up helping him. He told me it was the first time that he had felt the warmth from a stranger. After that， I am thinking now that everyone will get old， why not treat our parents kindly
单句填空
1.（2021·浙江1月）Researchers say they have translated the _________（mean） of
gestures that wild chimpanzees （黑猩猩） use to communicate.
meaning
2.（2020·全国Ⅰ）The kids __________（apparent）know the truth.
apparently
3.（2023·上海1月）Kathy，I am _______（excite）about this afternoon's lecture on
Beijing Opera.
excited
4.（2023·浙江1月）The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads， but
also outside， in society， in social memory， social conventions and social
_________（relate）.
relations
5.（2022·全国乙）The one in the new environment should be ___________
（sympathy） to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
sympathetic
