Unit 6 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用it。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→ vt.覆盖;行走(路程);采访;占用(一段时间或空间)
2. vt.解释vi.& vt.口译→ n.口译译员→ n.解释;演绎
3. vt.否定;解雇→ n.解雇
4. adv.确实如此;精确地→ adj.准确的;精确的;确切的
5. n.评论家;批评家→ vt.批评
6. n.(电影、电视的)收视率排行榜;等级;程度→ v. 评估;划分等级n.速度;进度;比率
7. adj.清楚的;明确的→ adv.肯定;没问题;当然;确实
8. vt.产生;创造→ n.[U](尤指电、热等的)产生;[C, U](家史中的)一代;一辈
9. adj.经济(上)的→ n.经济→ n.经济学;经济情况→ adj.经济的;节约的;合算的
10. adj.政治的;政府的→ n.政治(学)→ n.政治家
11. n.选举→ vt.选择;选举
12. n.混合→ v.混合
13. n.期待;预期;预料→ vt.预料;期待;渴望;认为
14. n.改编版;适应→ vt.(使)适应;改编
答案 1.coverage;cover 2.interpret;interpreter;interpretation 3.dismiss;dismissal 4.precisely; precise 5.critic;criticize 6.rating;rate 7.definite;definitely 8.generate;generation 9.economic;economy;economics;economical 10.political;politics;politician 11.election;elect 12.mixture;mix 13.expectation;expect 14.adaptation;adapt
构词规律
形容词后缀-al 名词后缀-tion
political adj.政治的;政府的 economical adj.经济的;节约的;合算的 expectation n.期待;预期;预料 adaptation n.改编版;适应
Step 2 短语记诵
1.as well as
2.be appropriate for
3.leave out
4.have an impact on
5.be involved in
答案 1.也;和;和……一样好 2.适合于;适用于 3.排除;不包括;遗漏;省去 4.对……有影响 5.卷入;涉及
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.I,like many people,have often left the cinema feeling “the film is not like the book”.(动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
翻译 和很多人一样,我也经常在看完电影后感叹“这部电影和原作不一样”。
仿写 He lay on the grass, .
他躺在草地上,久久地凝望着天空。
2.One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film adaptations.(动词不定式作后置定语)
翻译 有人可能会认为,最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。
仿写 In 1931, Addams became the first American woman .
1931年,亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
答案 1.staring at the sky for a long time 2.to win the Nobel Peace Prize
【合作探究】
新知探究
(仅供教师参考)
From Page to Screen
by James Hope (Arts journalist)
Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it's normal to have high expectations when a film of a favourite book is made. (1) There are many times I have been pessimistic about or even disappointed by a film of a book I love. Although highly regarded books do not always make good films, it is safe to say that great films may be made from not particularly good books.(2)(The Godfather immediately springs to mind.)
从纸书到屏幕
作者:詹姆斯·霍普(艺术记者)
读书和看电影是两种截然不同的体验。但是当人们最喜欢的书被拍成电影时,他们的期待值更高,这种现象很正常。很多次,我喜欢的书被拍成电影,我都不看好,甚至很失望。虽然被高度评价的书并不总是能拍出好电影,但是完全可以这样说,优秀的电影可能来自不是特别好的书。(这让我马上想到《教父》。)
【助读点拨】
(1)该句由but连接的两个并列句构成,其中第一个分句的主语由Reading a book and watching a film充当;第二个分句中it作形式主语,动词不定式结构to have high expectations...is made作真正的主语,when a film of a favourite book is made为when引导的时间状语从句。
(2)该句中Although引导让步状语从句,主句中it作形式主语,to say that great...good books作真正的主语。
The source material for a film may be taken from classic novels, short stories, comic books and stage plays, as well as non-fiction such as biographies and autobiographies, even those written by ghost writers. All can work well, but why do many adaptations and indeed remakes fail both cinema audiences and critics And why do some adaptations get lower ratings than others
一部电影可以取材于经典小说、短篇小说、漫画书、舞台剧,也可以取材于传记、自传等非小说类文学作品,甚至可以取材于代笔人写的作品。这些素材都可以拍出很棒的作品,但为什么许多改编、翻拍的电影没能受到电影观众与评论家的好评呢 为什么有些改编作品的评分比其他作品低呢
A key question is obviously how close to the original the film is. Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out. Screenwriters take creative liberty and sometimes there may be changes to the plot, additions, and even different endings to please producers, directors and test audiences. I, like many people, have often left the cinema feeling “the film is not like the book”(3).
显而易见,一个关键的问题在于这部电影与原作接近程度如何。因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说,决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。编剧有一定的创作自由度,有时为了迎合制片人、导演或者测试观众,他们会改动情节、增加内容,甚至演绎不同的结局。和很多人一样,我也经常在看完电影后感叹“这部电影和原作不一样”。
【助读点拨】
(3)此处为动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
Another problem area is the cast. Finding actors acceptable to film audiences can mean the difference between success and failure. Readers of the book use their imaginations to visualise characters and have very definite ideas about how characters should look and sound. This is where I think many film adaptations fall down(4).
另一个问题是演员阵容。能否找到电影观众所接受的演员,可能决定着电影的成败。读者运用自己的想象,将人物形象化,并对角色的外貌、声音有非常明确的想法。我认为这是很多改编的电影的失败之处。
【助读点拨】
(4)该句中where引导表语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。
Some books are just too difficult to be adapted for technical reasons, although films like The Life of Pi are changing this idea.(5) CGI (Computer Generated Image) technology has had a huge impact on the film industry. It allowed the previously unfilmable to become a reality.
一些书由于技术原因很难被拍成电影,虽然《少年派的奇幻漂流》等电影正在改变这个想法。电脑生成动画技术对电影产业有重大影响,它让以前无法拍摄的内容成为现实。
【助读点拨】
(5)主句使用了“too...to...”结构,表示“太……而不能……”,although引导让步状语从句。
One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film adaptations.(6) In fact, sometimes authors are very involved in the process and may even be the screenwriter. This can actually be a disadvantage because they may be too close to the material and find it difficult to adapt to a new form. At other times they are not, and there are instances where writers have been very unsatisfied with the film versions of their work; Stephen King is an example of this. Even more extreme was novelist J.D. Salinger, who made sure no film versions of his popular novel A Catcher in the Rye could ever be made. In this situation, it is clear that viewers will not be disappointed!(7) For me, anyway, it is always a bad idea to watch a film of a book you love.
有人可能会认为,最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。事实上,作者有时的确会参与改编,甚至可能担任电影编剧。这其实有弊端,因为他们可能过于忠于书中内容,发现很难(将其)改编成一种新的形式。有时他们并不是电影编剧,于是出现了作者对自己作品所拍摄的电影版本非常不满意的情况。斯蒂芬·金就是这样一个例子。小说家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格甚至更为极端,他永远不准自己广受欢迎的小说《麦田里的守望者》被拍成电影。在这种情况下,显然观众就不会失望!不管怎样,我认为去看自己钟爱的书被翻拍成的电影不会是个好主意。
【助读点拨】
(6)该句为主从复合句,句中that引导宾语从句,该宾语从句中又包含强调句,被强调的是主语the book writer。
(7)本句中it作形式主语,that 从句为真正的主语。
Despite the challenges, there have been some highly successful films made from popular books. For me, Jaws, Harry Potter and The Lord of the Rings all fit this category. And possibly the best proof of a successful adaptation is the James Bond series, the majority of which has been adapted from the 007 novels of lan Fleming. Perhaps unusually, audiences seem to accept that the actors who have played James Bond have changed so often(8), although everyone seems to have their favourite. I know I do.
尽管挑战重重,还是有一些改编自畅销书的电影取得了极大成功。我认为《大白鲨》、《哈利·波特》和《指环王》都是成功的案例。可能关于成功的改编最好的例子是詹姆斯·邦德系列,该系列的大部分作品都改编自伊恩·弗莱明的《007》小说。詹姆斯·邦德的扮演者经常换人,但观众们似乎也能接受,这让人难以相信。不过我相信每位观众和我一样,都有自己最喜欢的那个扮演者。
【助读点拨】
(8)该句中that引导宾语从句,作动词accept的宾语,该宾语从句中的who引导定语从句,修饰先行词the actors,who在从句中作主语。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 election n.选举 *elect v.选举;推选;选择;决定(做某事)
(柯林斯词典) During his election campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
在竞选活动期间,他承诺要重振经济。
知识拓展
run for election 参加竞选
win/lose an election 在选举中获胜/失败
vote in an election 参加投票选举
elect sb to sth 选举某人进入(机构等)
elect sb (as) sth 选举某人为……
elect to do sth 选择做某事
经典佳句
In the latest election, Mary was elected chairwoman of the students' union.
在最近的选举中, 玛丽被选为学生会主席。
名师点拨
elect表示“选举”时, 主要指选举某人担任某职位。若所涉及的职位名词在句中作宾语、补语, 则通常不用冠词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We welcome his (elect) as our monitor.
(2)It is said that only two students will be elected (take) part in the coming English Contest.
(3)Before we elect him the community, we want to know what he stands for.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·福建泉州一中月考) to my English teacher yesterday because of my good command of the language.
昨天我被选为英语老师的助手,因为我很好地掌握了英语。
答案 (1)election (2)to take (3)to (4)I was elected as assistant
知识点2 coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围 *cover vt.覆盖;报道;行走(一段路程);占用(时间或空间);包含;足以支付 n.覆盖物;封面(底);盖子
(牛津词典)There was saturation coverage of the event by the media.
媒体对这一事件做了连篇累牍的报道。
知识拓展
cover...with...用……盖住……
be covered by/with 被/由……覆盖
cover up 遮盖;隐瞒
cover an area of...占地面积为……
cover daily expenses 支付日常费用
cover a story报道新闻
经典佳句
News coverage of the event lasted for days; there were reporters everywhere.
关于这个事件的新闻报道持续了好几天,(那几天)到处都是记者。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The incident has received wide (cover) in the press.
(2)Do you have enough money (cover) all your daily expenses,Lucy
答案 (1)coverage (2)to cover
知识点3 debate n.& vi.& vt. 讨论;辩论
(牛津词典)There had been much debate on the issue of childcare.
人们对儿童保育问题议论纷纷。
知识拓展
a debate on/about/over sth 就某事进行的讨论
under debate 在讨论中
debate whether/how... 讨论是否/如何……
经典佳句
Scientists were debating whether an asteroid was about to hit the Earth.
科学家们在争论一颗小行星是否要撞上地球。
debate 侧重双方各抒己见, 含有“交锋”的意思
argue (1)表示“争吵;争论”,常用结构:argue with sb about/over sth“就某事和某人讨论”; (2)表示“说理;论证;企图说服”,常用结构: argue sb into/out of doing sth “说服某人做/不做某事”
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)They had a heated debate the value of the different systems.
(2)Greenhouse effect is an issue still debate.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)We have been debating .
我们一直在讨论是否要去度假。
(4)It's hard to his mind.
很难说服他改变主意。
答案 (1)on/about/over (2)under
(3)whether to go on vacation (4)argue him into changing
知识点4 acknowledge vt.认可;承认;确认;答谢;告知 *acknowledgement n.承认;感谢
(牛津词典)I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.
我不认为他犯了什么错。
知识拓展
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as... 认为某人/物是……;承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...承认……
It is universally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的。
图解释义
The boy acknowledged breaking the glass.
这个男孩承认打碎了玻璃。
名师点拨
表示“承认做了某事”时,acknowledge后可接动词-ing形式,也可接that从句,但通常不接不定式。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)She acknowledged (do) something wrong.
(2)I received a free copy in (acknowledge) of my contribution.
(3)He is widely acknowledged (be) one of the best players in the world.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·成都七中月考)Du Fu one of the finest poets in China.
杜甫是公认的中国最优秀的诗人之一。
Ⅲ.句式升级
(5)The young athlete is widely acknowledged to be one of the best swimmers in China.
→ that the young athlete is one of the best swimmers in China.(it作形式主语)
答案 (1)having done/doing (2)acknowledgement
(3)to be (4)is universally acknowledged to be/as (5)It is widely acknowledged
知识点5 consult vt.查阅 vi.& vt.咨询;商议 *consultant n. [C]顾问;会诊医生
(新英汉大辞典)If you have no idea about it, consult a dictionary,please.
要是你对这个问题不清楚,请你查字典。
知识拓展
consult a dictionary 查字典
consult with sb 与某人商量;与某人磋商
consult sb about sth 就某事请教/咨询某人
图解释义
名师点拨
关于“查字典”的表达还有refer to a dictionary、 look...up in a dictionary等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)He often goes to my office to consult me the method of learning English.
(2)I'm a 34-year-old man, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational (consult).
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)After I consulted with my teacher, I made up my mind to major in English.
→ , I made up my mind to major in English.(动词-ing形式作状语)
答案 (1)about (2)consultant (3)Having consulted with my teacher
知识点6 alternative adj.可替代的;另外的;非传统的;另类的 n.可供选择的事物
(牛津词典)Do you have an alternative solution
你有没有别的解决办法
知识拓展
have no alternative but to do... 除了做……别无选择
there's no alternative but to do... 除了做……别无选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
图解释义
He has the alternative of either riding or driving.
他可以在骑车或开车中选择一种。
名师点拨
“别无选择只好做某事”还可表示为have no choice but to do sth。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)For us this moment, there is no alternative but (obey) their order.
(2)His idea is an alternative the orginal plan.
Ⅱ.同义句改写
(3)I had no choice but to report him to the police.
→I report him to the police.
答案 (1)to obey (2)to (3)had no alternative but to
知识点7 expectation n. 期待;预期;预料;期望;指望 *expect vt.期望;指望;认为;预料vi.期待;预期
(P52)Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it's normal to have high expectations when a film of a favourite book is made.
读书和看电影是两种截然不同的体验。但是当人们最喜欢的书被翻拍成电影时,他们的期待值更高,这种现象很正常。
知识拓展
in expectation期望着;预料之中
in expectation of 期望;期待;预计会有
beyond one's expectations出乎某人的预料
meet/live up to one's expectations 不负所望
expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
expect to do sth 期望做某事
expect sth from sb 期望从某人那里得到某物
经典佳句
We shall never have friends if we are in expectation of finding them without fault.
欲求完美无缺的朋友,我们必然会没有朋友。
Her parents expected high standards from her.
她的父母对她的期望很高。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Unfortunately, the new software has failed to meet our (expectation).
(2)She expects (plant) 1 million trees by 2025.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Anyway, if you leave your things all around the house
不管怎样,如果你把东西乱扔在房子里,你还期待什么呢
答案 (1)expectations (2)to plant (3)what do you expect
知识点8 typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的 *typically adv.典型地;有代表性地;一般;通常
(P52)Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说,决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
be typical of 典型的;有代表性的
It is typical of sb to do sth. 做某事是某人的典型风格。
经典佳句
She is typical of the kind of girl who likes smiling and is always optimistic.
她是那种典型的爱笑并且总是保持乐观态度的女孩。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It is typical him to turn a deaf ear to others' advice.
(2)He was (typical) modest about his achievements.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)As a carrier of culture, jiaozi traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
饺子作为一种文化载体,是中国传统饮食文化的典型代表。
答案 (1)of (2)typically (3)is typical of
知识点9 cast n.演员阵容;全体演员 vt.投射(光或影)
(P52)Another problem area is the cast.
另一个问题是演员阵容。
知识拓展
cast a shadow over sth 给……蒙上一层阴影
cast your mind back (to sth) 回顾/回想(某事)
cast down 使伤心;使沮丧
cast aside 抛弃;丢弃
the supporting cast 配角演员
a cast list 演员表
熟词生义
cast vt.向……投以(视线、笑容等)
He cast her an admiring glance because of her excellent performance.
由于她出色的表现,他向她投以钦慕的目光。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Please stand to one side. You're over my work.
请你往边上站一站,你挡着我工作的光线了。
(2)Sylvia ever since her mother became so ill.
自从Sylvia的母亲病重以来,她一直很沮丧。
答案 (1)casting a shadow (2)has been cast down
知识点10 imagination n.想象;想象力 *imagine v. 想象;设想 *imaginative adj.富于想象力的;创新的
(P52)Readers of the book use their imaginations to visualise characters and have very definite ideas about how characters should look and sound.
读者运用自己的想象,将人物形象化,并对角色的外貌、声音有非常明确的想法。
知识拓展
beyond imagination 超乎想象
It doesn't take much imagination to do... 不难猜出……
imagine (sb) doing sth 想象(某人)做某事
imagine sb/sth as/to be... 想象某人/某事是……
经典佳句
Generally speaking, an inventor needs a creative imagination, but can you imagine a little boy like him making such an imaginative model ship
一般来说, 一个发明家需要有创造性的想象力, 但你能想象像他这样的小男孩能做出如此富有想象力的船模吗
名师点拨
imagine后跟非谓语动词作宾语时, 要用动词-ing形式, 不能用动词不定式。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I won't tell you his reaction—I'll leave that to your (imagine).
(2)The land of Yunnan is indeed filled with charm and beauty imagination.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)(2023·河南漯河月考)I didn't know my grandmother well, but .
我不是很了解我的祖母, 但我总是把她想象成一个善良温柔的人。
答案 (1)imagination (2)beyond (3)I always imagined her as a kind and gentle person
短 语 句 式
知识点11 as well as也;和;和……一样好
(P52)The source material for a film may be taken from classic novels, short stories, comic books and stage plays, as well as non-fiction such as biographies and autobiographies, even those written by ghost writers.
一部电影可以取材于经典小说、短篇小说、漫画书、舞台剧,也可以取材于传记、自传等非小说类文学作品,甚至可以取材于代笔人写的作品。
经典佳句
On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge, as well as practical experience.
我们绝对不能忽略知识和实际经验的价值。
名师点拨
(1)as well as “也;和”,后接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等;连接两个并列的主语时,其谓语动词常与前面的主语保持一致。
(2)as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构,表示“和……一样好”。
(3)as well 意为“也;又;而且”,相当于too、also。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The bag, as well as the books, (be) donated to the poor boy yesterday.
(2)Lucy speaks French as (good) as Tom.
Ⅱ.一句多译
工人们不仅想提高工资,还想减少工作时间。
(3) (as well as)
(4) (not only...but also...)
答案 (1)was (2)well (3)The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.
(4)Not only do the workers want to increase their pay, but they also want to reduce working hours.
知识点12 be appropriate for适合于;适用于
(P52)Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说,决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
be appropriate to do sth 做某事是合适的
It is appropriate that...……是合适的。
熟词生义
appropriate vt.盗用;挪用
He was accused of appropriating club funds.
他被指控盗用俱乐部资金。
名师点拨
在It is appropriate that...句型中,从句常用(should) do的虚拟语气结构。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)It such personal questions in an interview.
在采访中问这种私人问题是不合适的。
(2)It is appropriate that for you.
我们给您一个特别的日子,这没什么不合适的。
答案 (1)is not appropriate to ask (2)we (should) have a special day
知识点13 leave out不理会;忽视;省去;遗漏
(P52)Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate fo the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说,决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
leave for 动身去……
leave alone 别管;不打扰;让……独自待着
leave aside 搁置一边;不考虑
leave behind 把……抛在后面;忘记带;留下;落后
经典佳句
He told me this word could be left out.
他告诉我这个词可以省去。
名师点拨
leave out中的out为副词, 接代词作宾语时, 应把代词置于leave与out之间。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The word is spelt wrong— .
这个词拼写错了, 你漏了一个字母。
(2)I wish everyone would stop interfering and just .
我希望所有人都不再干涉我, 让我一个人静一静。
(3)I realized on the train.
我意识到我把雨伞忘在火车上了。
答案 (1)you've left out a letter (2)leave me alone
(3)I had left my umbrella behind
知识点14 be/get involved in 被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于
(P53)In fact, sometimes authors are very involved in the process and may even be the screenwriter.
事实上,作者有时的确会参与改编,甚至可能担任电影编剧。
知识拓展
involve sb in (doing) sth使某人参与(做)某事;使某人被牵扯到(做)某事中
involve doing sth包括做某事;需要做某事
be/get involved with sb/sth与某人混在一起;和某事有密切联系
经典佳句
He was rumoured to be involved in the crime.
有传言说他卷入了这桩罪行。
名师点拨
与be involved in类似的结构还有be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be absorbed in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Online voting becomes increasingly popular,and many competitions get people (involve) in it.
(2)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved (spend) quite a lot of time with students.
(3)He's smart enough to know that if he gets involved that crowd, he will get into trouble.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(4)Li Hua is busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination.He has no spare time for relaxation.
→ for the College Entrance Examination,Li Hua has no spare time for relaxation.(involve, 动词-ed形式作状语)
答案 (1)involved (2)spending (3)with (4)Involved in preparing
知识点15 动词不定式作后置定语
(P53)One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film adaptations.
有人可能会认为,最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。
知识拓展
句中the best position是形容词最高级修饰名词,其后接动词不定式作后置定语。其他类似的用法:
(1)the first+n.+to do sth 第一个做某事的……
(2)the only+n.+ to do sth 唯一做某事的……
(3)抽象名词+to do sth
名师点拨
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等修饰时,常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
(3)作定语的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,或者动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是该动作发生的地点或使用的工具,动词不定式后面须加相应的介词。
Amy was the only person to witness the car accident.
Amy是唯一目睹那场车祸的人。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
We need a place to live in.
我们需要一个住的地方。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)She was the first athlete (win) the gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.
(2)If I have the chance (donate), I will also help the students with financial problems.
答案 (1)to win (2)to donate
知识点16 find+it+adj.+to do sth
(P53)This can actually be a disadvantage because they may be too close to the material and find it difficult to adapt to a new form.
这其实有弊端,因为他们可能过于忠于书中内容,发现很难(将其)改编成一种新的形式。
知识拓展
句中使用了“find+it+adj.+to do sth”结构。其中it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语是动词不定式to adapt to a new form, 形容词difficult作宾语补足语。
名师点拨
it作形式宾语的用法归纳:
it作形式宾语, 用于“动词+it+宾补+真正的宾语”结构(即“6123”结构)中:
The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.
这两个女孩长得如此相像, 以至于陌生人很难把她们区分开。
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
是文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)I also English diaries. I keep on doing it these years and it is helpful to my English.
我也发现写英语日记很有用。这些年来我一直坚持这么做, 这对我的英语有帮助。
(2)The two problems in my English study are that I words, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.
我的英语学习中的两个问题是,我觉得记单词很难和我经常在说英语时感到紧张。
答案 (1)find it useful to keep (2)feel it difficult to memorize
语法探究
it 的 用 法
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.It is obvious that going for sports will do a lot of good to your health.
2.It's a pity that I didn't attend the party.
3.It was in our office that I told Jim the news yesterday.
4.It was nice to see Steve again after two years.
5.It will take you two days to get there on foot.
我的发现
句1、句2、句4和句5中的It都作 主语,其中 中的It代替了 that 从句; 中的It代替了动词不定式。句3中的It用于 结构中。
答案 形式;句1和句2;句4和句5;强调句
探究点1 it的基本用法
1.it用作人称代词
(1)指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事;
(2)指代动物或性别不明的婴儿;
(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。
My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much.
我朋友昨天给了我一份漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢它。
His sister has given birth to a baby recently. It is very beautiful.
他姐姐最近生了个孩子。孩子很漂亮。
2.it用作非人称代词
(1)it可以表示天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境情况等;
(2)it也可以表示一般的、笼统的情况。
It is a fine day today, isn't it
今天是个好天气,对吧
It is five kilometres to the town from the village.
从村庄到城镇有5千米的路程。
3.it可以指代指示代词this、that或不定代词something、nothing。
Whenever she sees something that she likes, she goes and buys it.
每当她看到了自己喜欢的东西,她就会去买下来。
4.it在句中作形式主语
it作为形式主语常用于下面的句型中:
(1)It be+adj.+(for sb) to do... 常用于此句型的形容词有possible、necessary、important、easy、strange、natural等。
(2)It be+n.+doing... 常用于此句型的名词有good、use等。
(3)It be+adj.+doing... 常用于此句型的形容词有useless、worthwhile等。
(4)It be+adj.+that... 常用于此句型的形容词有necessary、important、strange、natural等。
注意:此句型中从句一般用虚拟语气,即(should) do。
(5)It be+动词-ed形式+that... 常用于此句型的动词-ed形式有said、announced、believed、reported、known、hoped等。
(6)It be+n.+that... 常用于此句型的名词有pity、honour、shame、wonder等。
It is impossible to get there by boat.
坐船不可能到那里。
It is no use giving him some advice.=It is useless giving him some advice.
给他提建议没用。
It is necessary that the work (should) be done well.
做好这项工作是必要的。
5.it在句中作形式宾语
it作为形式宾语常用于句型“动词+it+形容词/名词/动词-ing形式+(for sb) to do/that从句”中。常用于此句型的动词有think、believe、suppose、consider、feel、make、keep等。
They considered it important to have the work done on time.
他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。
We make it a rule to visit the old every weekend.
我们规定每个周末都去拜访老人。
6.it的其他句型
(1)It remains to be done+从句(真正的主语) 有待于……
It remains to be seen whether making a trip often does good to the old couple's health.
经常旅行是否对老年夫妇的健康有好处有待于证实。
(2)It hits/strikes/occurs to sb+从句(真正的主语) 某人突然想起……
It occurred to me that we should start off at once.
我突然想起我们应该立刻出发。
(3)动词appreciate、hate、love、like、dislike后面接由if或when引导的从句时,中间用it,构成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike+it+if/when从句”。
He will appreciate it if they invite him.
如果他们邀请他,他将非常感激。
(4)动词短语rely/depend on/upon(依靠)、see to(注意;留心)、answer for(负责;担保)、ask for(请求)后跟that引导的从句作宾语时,中间须用形式宾语it,构成“动词短语+it+that从句”结构。
You can depend on it that she is always concerned about her own interests.
她总是关心自身的利益,你要相信这一点。
(5)用于“动词+it+介词(短语)+that从句”结构中。
take it for granted that...认为……理所当然
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
leave it to sb that...把……留给某人
keep it in mind that...把……记在心里
He owes it to the doctor that he is quite well again.
多亏这位医生,他的身体又好起来了。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He didn't when and where the meeting would be held.
他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。
(2) in the river.
你在这条河里游泳是危险的。
(3)The baby cried because .
婴儿因饥饿而啼哭。
(4) to the factory.
到工厂有很长一段路。
(5)I I have to speak in French on the phone.
我讨厌打电话时必须说法语。
答案 (1)make it clear (2)It is dangerous for you to swim (3)it was hungry (4)It is a long way (5)hate it when
探究点2 it用于强调句型
1.强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分
(1)此结构中it没有具体意义,只是引出被强调部分。
(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语,不能强调谓语。
(3)强调时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等时要用that而不能用when、where、because。
(4)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that,而被强调部分是物时只能用that。
It is my mother that/who reminds me to get up on time every day.
每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床的。
2.强调句型的时态
(1)如果原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态(如一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等),强调句型的形式为“It is+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。
(2)如果原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态(如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等),强调句型的形式为“It was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。
A meeting will be held next week in the meeting room.
→It is next week that a meeting will be held in the meeting room.(强调时间)
We go to work every day by bus.
→It is by bus that we go to work every day.(强调方式)
3.强调句型的疑问形式
(1)强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分
(2)强调句型的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who+其他成分
Is it in the dining hall that they will hold a party
他们将在这家餐厅举行宴会吗
When is it that they are going to leave for Paris
他们打算何时动身去巴黎
How was it that they got to the top of that high mountain
他们是如何到达那座高山的山顶的
4.not...until...在强调句型中的运用
当被强调的是not...until...句型时,应将not与until部分一起进行强调,即构成“It is/was not until...that...” 结构。由于not已经前移,that后应用肯定句式。
He didn't come back until the next year.
→It was not until the next year that he came back.
名师点拨
强调结构记忆口诀
it强调并不难,that总是在中间。
除了谓语不用管,主、宾、表、状都提前。
否定转移必考题,否定强调难为你。
疑问强调莫忽视,高考场上要牢记。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)You are waiting at a wrong place. at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.
你等错地方了。长途汽车是在旅馆接游客的。
(2) found the pen in the classroom yesterday
昨天是玛丽在教室里找到这支钢笔的吗
(3) prevented him from coming in time
是什么阻止他及时来到
(4) all the fish in the river died out they realized the importance of environmental protection.
直到河里所有的鱼都灭绝了, 他们才意识到环境保护的重要性。
答案 (1)It is; that (2)Was it Mary who
(3)What was it that (4)It was not until; that
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He can learn English through the English programs (broadcast) on TV.
2.The book is said to be a special one (cover) many events that cannot be found in other history books.
3.Students should involve themselves community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
4.Let your child know that you expect him to act (appropriate) toward other people.
5.The book described the (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions.
6.I am sure that I can perfectly live up to my parents' (expect).
7. (consult) the doctor, and you will get the full information on the disease.
8.He (acknowledge) the applause with a small bow.
答案 1.broadcast 2.covering 3.in 4.appropriately 5.adaptation 6.expectations 7.Consult 8.acknowledged
Ⅱ.句型转换(强调下列各句中的画线部分)
1.Not what you said but what you did matters much.
→ matters much.
2.Where did the police find their missing child
→ the police found their missing child
3.They didn't leave to travel until they finished the work.
→ they left to travel.
4.In the city where they spent their holiday, they had a quarrel for the first time.
→ they had a quarrel for the first time.
答案 1.It is not what you said but what you did that 2.Where was it that 3.It was not until they finished the work that 4.It was in the city where they spent their holiday that
Ⅲ.根据提示完成小作文
他出身贫寒,但他并不悲观(pessimistic)。他努力学习,目的是能成为一名对他的国家有用的人。他没有辜负人们的期望(expectation)。现在,他最新的一本书已经在全国范围内出版了,书中的一些政治观点对他的国家的发展非常适合(be appropriate for)。因此,他已经被宣布为对他的国家最有用的人才之一。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
He was born poor, but he was not pessimistic. He studied hard in order to be a useful person for his country. He has lived up to people's expectations. Now, his latest book has been published all over the country.Some political views in the book are very appropriate for the development of his country. As a result, he has been declared one of the most useful talents for his country.
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月)It was a hummingbird(蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She (cover)in spider-webs(蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings.
2.(2021·天津第一次)It's the relationships in the community. It's the impact he can make people.
3.(2023·浙江1月)Last Sunday witnessed an activity with the theme of “Getting to know the plants around us”, which (involve) all students in Senior One.
4.(2023·上海1月)I'm writing to you for the purpose of telling you what my classmates think about your class well as my personal suggestions.
5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of (imagine) stories.
6.(2022·浙江1月)However, he seemed to have adapted my laziness and took on more tasks that should have fallen within my range of responsibility.
答案 1.was covered 2.on 3.involved 4.as 5.imaginative 6.to
2(共89张PPT)
UNIT 6 THE MEDIA
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用it。（语言能力）
1._________ n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→______ vt.覆盖;行走（路程）;采访;占用（一段时
间或空间）
coverage
cover
2.________ vt.解释vi.& vt.口译→__________ n.口译译员→____________ n.解释;演绎
interpret
interpreter
interpretation
3.________ vt.否定;解雇→_________ n.解雇
dismiss
dismissal
4._________ adv.确实如此;精确地→_______ adj.准确的;精确的;确切的
precisely
precise
5.______ n.评论家;批评家→________ vt.批评
critic
criticize
6.______ n.（电影、电视的）收视率排行榜;等级;程度→_____ v. 评估;划分等级n.速
度;进度;比率
rating
rate
7.________ adj.清楚的;明确的→_________ adv.肯定;没问题;当然;确实
definite
definitely
8.________ vt.产生;创造→__________ n.［U］（尤指电、热等的）产生;［C, U］
（家史中的）一代;一辈
generate
generation
9._________ adj.经济（上）的→_________ n.经济→__________ n.经济学;经济情况
→___________ adj.经济的;节约的;合算的
economic
economy
economics
economical
10.________ adj.政治的;政府的→________ n.政治（学）→_________ n.政治家
political
politics
politician
11.________ n.选举→_____ vt.选择;选举
election
elect
12.________ n.混合→_____ v.混合
mixture
mix
13.___________ n.期待;预期;预料→_______ vt.预料;期待;渴望;认为
expectation
expect
14.__________ n.改编版;适应→______ vt.（使）适应;改编
adaptation
adapt
构词规律
形容词后缀-al 名词后缀-tion
political adj.政治的;政府的 economical adj.经济的；节约的；合算的 expectation n.期待；预期；预料
adaptation n.改编版;适应
1.as well as____________________
也；和;和……一样好
2.be appropriate for______________
适合于;适用于
3.leave out_____________________
排除;不包括;遗漏;省去
4.have an impact on______________
对……有影响
5.be involved in__________
卷入;涉及
1.I,like many people,have often left the cinema feeling “the film is not like the book”.
（动词-ing形式作伴随状语）
翻译 和很多人一样，我也经常在看完电影后感叹“这部电影和原作不一样”。
仿写 He lay on the grass, _______________________________.
他躺在草地上，久久地凝望着天空。
staring at the sky for a long time
2.One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film
adaptations.（动词不定式作后置定语）
翻译 有人可能会认为，最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。
仿写 In 1931, Addams became the first American woman
___________________________.
1931年，亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
to win the Nobel Peace Prize
核 心 单 词
知识点1 election n.选举＊elect v.选举；推选；选择；决定（做某事）
（柯林斯词典） During his election campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
在竞选活动期间，他承诺要重振经济。
知识拓展
run for election 参加竞选
win/lose an election 在选举中获胜/失败
vote in an election 参加投票选举
elect sb to sth 选举某人进入（机构等）
elect sb （as） sth 选举某人为……
elect to do sth 选择做某事
经典佳句
In the latest election, Mary was elected chairwoman of the students' union.
在最近的选举中, 玛丽被选为学生会主席。
名师点拨
elect表示“选举”时, 主要指选举某人担任某职位。若所涉及的职位名词在句中作宾语、补语, 则通常不用冠词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We welcome his ________（elect） as our monitor.
election
（2）It is said that only two students will be elected________（take） part in the
coming English Contest.
to take
（3）Before we elect him ___the community, we want to know what he stands for.
to
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·福建泉州一中月考）________________________ to my English teacher
yesterday because of my good command of the language.
昨天我被选为英语老师的助手，因为我很好地掌握了英语。
I was elected as assistant
知识点2 coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围＊cover vt.覆盖；报道；行走（一段路程）；占用（时间或空间）；包含；足以支付 n.覆盖物；封面（底）；盖子
（牛津词典）There was saturation coverage of the event by the media.
媒体对这一事件做了连篇累牍的报道。
知识拓展
cover...with...用……盖住……
be covered by/with 被/由……覆盖
cover up 遮盖;隐瞒
cover an area of...占地面积为……
cover daily expenses 支付日常费用
cover a story报道新闻
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The incident has received wide_________（cover） in the press.
coverage
（2）Do you have enough money _________（cover） all your daily expenses,Lucy
to cover
经典佳句
News coverage of the event lasted for days; there were reporters everywhere.
关于这个事件的新闻报道持续了好几天，（那几天）到处都是记者。
知识点3 debate n.& vi.& vt. 讨论；辩论
（牛津词典）There had been much debate on the issue of childcare.
人们对儿童保育问题议论纷纷。
知识拓展
a debate on/about/over sth 就某事进行的讨论
under debate 在讨论中
debate whether/how... 讨论是否/如何……
经典佳句
Scientists were debating whether an asteroid was about to hit the Earth.
科学家们在争论一颗小行星是否要撞上地球。
易混辨析
debate 侧重双方各抒己见, 含有“交锋”的意思
argue （1）表示“争吵；争论”，常用结构：argue with sb about/over sth“就某事
和某人讨论”；
（2）表示“说理；论证；企图说服”，常用结构: argue sb into/out of doing
sth “说服某人做/不做某事”
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）They had a heated debate _____________ the value of the different systems.
on/about/over
（2）Greenhouse effect is an issue still ______ debate.
under
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）We have been debating ________________________.
我们一直在讨论是否要去度假。
whether to go on vacation
（4）It's hard to _______________________ his mind.
很难说服他改变主意。
argue him into changing
知识点4 acknowledge vt.认可；承认；确认；答谢；告知
＊acknowledgement n.承认；感谢
（牛津词典）I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.
我不认为他犯了什么错。
知识拓展
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as... 认为某人/物是……;承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...承认……
It is universally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的。
图解释义
The boy acknowledged breaking the glass.
这个男孩承认打碎了玻璃。
名师点拨
表示“承认做了某事”时,acknowledge后可接动词-ing形式，也可接that从句,但通常不接不定式。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）She acknowledged _________________（do） something wrong.
having done/doing
（2）I received a free copy in ________________（acknowledge） of my
contribution.
acknowledgement
（3）He is widely acknowledged ______（be） one of the best players in the world.
to be
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·成都七中月考）Du Fu _________________________________ one of the
finest poets in China.
杜甫是公认的中国最优秀的诗人之一。
is universally acknowledged to be/as
Ⅲ.句式升级
（5）The young athlete is widely acknowledged to be one of the best swimmers in
China.
→________________________ that the young athlete is one of the best swimmers in
China.（it作形式主语）
It is widely acknowledged
知识点5 consult vt.查阅 vi.& vt.咨询；商议＊consultant n. ［C］顾问；会诊医生
（新英汉大辞典）If you have no idea about it, consult a dictionary,please.
要是你对这个问题不清楚,请你查字典。
知识拓展
consult a dictionary 查字典
consult with sb 与某人商量;与某人磋商
consult sb about sth 就某事请教/咨询某人
图解释义
名师点拨
关于“查字典”的表达还有refer to a dictionary、 look...up in a dictionary等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）He often goes to my office to consult me ______ the method of learning
English.
about
（2）I'm a 34-year-old man, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as an
educational __________（consult）.
consultant
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）After I consulted with my teacher, I made up my mind to major in English.
→_______________________________, I made up my mind to major in English.（动
词-ing形式作状语）
Having consulted with my teacher
知识点6 alternative adj.可替代的；另外的；非传统的；另类的 n.可供选择的事物
（牛津词典）Do you have an alternative solution
你有没有别的解决办法？
知识拓展
have no alternative but to do... 除了做……别无选择
there's no alternative but to do... 除了做……别无选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
图解释义
He has the alternative of either riding or driving.
他可以在骑车或开车中选择一种。
名师点拨
“别无选择只好做某事”还可表示为have no choice but to do sth。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）For us this moment, there is no alternative but ________（obey） their order.
to obey
（2）His idea is an alternative ___ the orginal plan.
to
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（3）I had no choice but to report him to the police.
→I _______________________ report him to the police.
had no alternative but to
知识点7 expectation n. 期待；预期；预料；期望；指望＊expect vt.期望；指望；认为；预料vi.期待；预期
（P52）Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it's normal to have high expectations when a film of a favourite book is made.
读书和看电影是两种截然不同的体验。但是当人们最喜欢的书被翻拍成电影时,他们的期待值更高,这种现象很正常。
知识拓展
in expectation期望着;预料之中
in expectation of 期望；期待；预计会有
beyond one's expectations出乎某人的预料
meet/live up to one's expectations 不负所望
expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
expect to do sth 期望做某事
expect sth from sb 期望从某人那里得到某物
经典佳句
We shall never have friends if we are in expectation of finding them without fault.
欲求完美无缺的朋友，我们必然会没有朋友。
Her parents expected high standards from her.
她的父母对她的期望很高。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Unfortunately， the new software has failed to meet our____________
（expectation）.
expectations
（2）She expects ________（plant） 1 million trees by 2025.
to plant
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Anyway, ___________________ if you leave your things all around the house
不管怎样，如果你把东西乱扔在房子里，你还期待什么呢
what do you expect
知识点8 typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的＊typically adv.典型地；有代表性地；一般；通常
（P52）Since a typical film is only around two hours long， it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说，决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
be typical of 典型的；有代表性的
It is typical of sb to do sth. 做某事是某人的典型风格。
经典佳句
She is typical of the kind of girl who likes smiling and is always optimistic.
她是那种典型的爱笑并且总是保持乐观态度的女孩。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It is typical ___ him to turn a deaf ear to others' advice.
of
（2）He was _________（typical） modest about his achievements.
typically
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）As a carrier of culture, jiaozi____________traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
饺子作为一种文化载体，是中国传统饮食文化的典型代表。
is typical of
知识点9 cast n.演员阵容；全体演员 vt.投射（光或影）
（P52）Another problem area is the cast.
另一个问题是演员阵容。
知识拓展
cast a shadow over sth 给……蒙上一层阴影
cast your mind back （to sth） 回顾/回想（某事）
cast down 使伤心;使沮丧
cast aside 抛弃；丢弃
the supporting cast 配角演员
a cast list 演员表
熟词生义
cast vt.向……投以（视线、笑容等）
He cast her an admiring glance because of her excellent performance.
由于她出色的表现，他向她投以钦慕的目光。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Please stand to one side. You're ________________ over my work.
请你往边上站一站,你挡着我工作的光线了。
casting a shadow
（2）Sylvia ___________________ ever since her mother became so ill.
自从Sylvia的母亲病重以来,她一直很沮丧。
has been cast down
知识点10 imagination n.想象；想象力＊imagine v. 想象；设想
＊imaginative adj.富于想象力的；创新的
（P52）Readers of the book use their imaginations to visualise characters and have very definite ideas about how characters should look and sound.
读者运用自己的想象,将人物形象化,并对角色的外貌、声音有非常明确的想法。
知识拓展
beyond imagination 超乎想象
It doesn't take much imagination to do... 不难猜出……
imagine （sb） doing sth 想象（某人）做某事
imagine sb/sth as/to be... 想象某人/某事是……
经典佳句
Generally speaking, an inventor needs a creative imagination, but can you imagine a little boy like him making such an imaginative model ship
一般来说, 一个发明家需要有创造性的想象力, 但你能想象像他这样的小男孩能做出如此富有想象力的船模吗
名师点拨
imagine后跟非谓语动词作宾语时, 要用动词-ing形式, 不能用动词不定式。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I won't tell you his reaction—I'll leave that to your ___________（imagine）.
imagination
（2）The land of Yunnan is indeed filled with charm and beauty ________
imagination.
beyond
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）（2023·河南漯河月考）I didn't know my grandmother well, but
______________________________________________.
我不是很了解我的祖母, 但我总是把她想象成一个善良温柔的人。
I always imagined her as a kind and gentle person
短 语 句 式
知识点11 as well as也；和；和……一样好
（P52）The source material for a film may be taken from classic novels, short stories, comic books and stage plays, as well as non-fiction such as biographies and autobiographies, even those written by ghost writers.
一部电影可以取材于经典小说、短篇小说、漫画书、舞台剧,也可以取材于传记、自传等非小说类文学作品,甚至可以取材于代笔人写的作品。
经典佳句
On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge, as well as practical experience.
我们绝对不能忽略知识和实际经验的价值。
名师点拨
（1）as well as “也;和”,后接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等;连接两个并列的主语时,其谓语动词常与前面的主语保持一致。
（2）as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构,表示“和……一样好”。
（3）as well 意为“也;又;而且”,相当于too、also。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The bag, as well as the books, _____（be） donated to the poor boy yesterday.
was
（2）Lucy speaks French as _____（good） as Tom.
well
Ⅱ.一句多译
工人们不仅想提高工资,还想减少工作时间。
（3）_________________________________________________________________ （as
well as）
The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.
（4）______________________________________________________________________
____________________（not only...but also...）
Not only do the workers want to increase their pay, but they also want to reduce working hours.
知识点12 be appropriate for适合于；适用于
（P52）Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate for the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说，决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
be appropriate to do sth 做某事是合适的
It is appropriate that...……是合适的。
熟词生义
appropriate vt.盗用；挪用
He was accused of appropriating club funds.
他被指控盗用俱乐部资金。
名师点拨
在It is appropriate that...句型中,从句常用（should） do的虚拟语气结构。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It _______________________such personal questions in an interview.
在采访中问这种私人问题是不合适的。
is not appropriate to ask
（2）It is appropriate that _______________________________for you.
我们给您一个特别的日子,这没什么不合适的。
we （should） have a special day
知识点13 leave out不理会；忽视；省去；遗漏
（P52）Since a typical film is only around two hours long, it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate fo the screen and what to leave out.
因为一部电影通常只有两个小时左右,对于编剧来说，决定书中哪部分适合银幕以及哪部分需要省略就成了难题。
知识拓展
leave for 动身去……
leave alone 别管;不打扰;让……独自待着
leave aside 搁置一边;不考虑
leave behind 把……抛在后面;忘记带;留下;落后
经典佳句
He told me this word could be left out.
他告诉我这个词可以省去。
名师点拨
leave out中的out为副词, 接代词作宾语时, 应把代词置于leave与out之间。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The word is spelt wrong—_____________________.
这个词拼写错了, 你漏了一个字母。
you've left out a letter
（2）I wish everyone would stop interfering and just_______________.
我希望所有人都不再干涉我, 让我一个人静一静。
leave me alone
（3）I realized ____________________________ on the train.
我意识到我把雨伞忘在火车上了。
I had left my umbrella behind
知识点14 be/get involved in 被卷入……之中；热衷于；专心于
（P53）In fact, sometimes authors are very involved in the process and may even be the screenwriter.
事实上,作者有时的确会参与改编,甚至可能担任电影编剧。
知识拓展
involve sb in （doing） sth使某人参与（做）某事;使某人被牵扯到（做）某事中
involve doing sth包括做某事;需要做某事
be/get involved with sb/sth与某人混在一起;和某事有密切联系
经典佳句
He was rumoured to be involved in the crime.
有传言说他卷入了这桩罪行。
名师点拨
与be involved in类似的结构还有be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be absorbed in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Online voting becomes increasingly popular,and many competitions get people
_________（involve） in it.
involved
（2）Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved _________
（spend） quite a lot of time with students.
spending
（3）He's smart enough to know that if he gets involved _____that crowd, he will
get into trouble.
with
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4）Li Hua is busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination. He has no
spare time for relaxation.
→____________________ for the College Entrance Examination,Li Hua has no spare
time for relaxation.（involve, 动词-ed形式作状语）
Involved in preparing
知识点15 动词不定式作后置定语
（P53）One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film adaptations.
有人可能会认为,最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。
知识拓展
句中the best position是形容词最高级修饰名词,其后接动词不定式作后置定语。其他类似的用法：
（1）the first+n.+to do sth 第一个做某事的……
（2）the only+n.+ to do sth 唯一做某事的……
（3）抽象名词+to do sth
名师点拨
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等修饰时,常用动词不定式作后置定语。
（2）动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
（3）作定语的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,或者动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是该动作发生的地点或使用的工具,动词不定式后面须加相应的介词。
Amy was the only person to witness the car accident.
Amy是唯一目睹那场车祸的人。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
We need a place to live in.
我们需要一个住的地方。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She was the first athlete _______（win） the gold medal in the Rio Olympic
Games.
to win
（2）If I have the chance __________（donate）, I will also help the students with
financial problems.
to donate
知识点16 find+it+adj.+to do sth
（P53）This can actually be a disadvantage because they may be too close to the material and find it difficult to adapt to a new form.
这其实有弊端，因为他们可能过于忠于书中内容，发现很难（将其）改编成一种新的形式。
知识拓展
句中使用了“find+it+adj.+to do sth”结构。其中it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语是动词不定式to adapt to a new form, 形容词difficult作宾语补足语。
名师点拨
it作形式宾语的用法归纳：
it作形式宾语, 用于“动词+it+宾补+真正的宾语”结构（即“6123”结构）中:
“6”指常用动词：think、believe、make、find、consider、
feel
“1”指形式宾语：it
“2”指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
“3”指真正的宾语的三种形式：动词不定式、动词-ing
形式和宾语从句
The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.
这两个女孩长得如此相像, 以至于陌生人很难把她们区分开。
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
是文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）I also ____________________ English diaries. I keep on doing it these years
and it is helpful to my English.
我也发现写英语日记很有用。这些年来我一直坚持这么做, 这对我的英语有帮助。
find it useful to keep
（2）The two problems in my English study are that I __________________________
words, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.
我的英语学习中的两个问题是,我觉得记单词很难和我经常在说英语时感到紧张。
feel it difficult to memorize
it的用法
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1.It is obvious that going for sports will do a lot of good to your health.
2.It's a pity that I didn't attend the party.
3.It was in our office that I told Jim the news yesterday.
4.It was nice to see Steve again after two years.
5.It will take you two days to get there on foot.
我的发现
句1、句2、句4和句5中的It都作______主语，其中__________中的It代替了 that
从句；__________中的It代替了动词不定式。句3中的It用于________结构中。
形式
句1和句2
句4和句5
强调句
探究点1 it的基本用法
1.it用作人称代词
（1）指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事;
（2）指代动物或性别不明的婴儿;
（3）指代未出场的身份不明确的人。
My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much.
我朋友昨天给了我一份漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢它。
His sister has given birth to a baby recently. It is very beautiful.
他姐姐最近生了个孩子。孩子很漂亮。
2.it用作非人称代词
（1）it可以表示天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境情况等;
（2）it也可以表示一般的、笼统的情况。
It is a fine day today, isn't it
今天是个好天气,对吧
It is five kilometres to the town from the village.
从村庄到城镇有5千米的路程。
3.it可以指代指示代词this、that或不定代词something、nothing。
Whenever she sees something that she likes, she goes and buys it.
每当她看到了自己喜欢的东西,她就会去买下来。
4.it在句中作形式主语
it作为形式主语常用于下面的句型中:
（1）It be+adj.+（for sb） to do... 常用于此句型的形容词有possible、necessary、important、easy、strange、natural等。
（2）It be+n.+doing... 常用于此句型的名词有good、use等。
（3）It be+adj.+doing... 常用于此句型的形容词有useless、worthwhile等。
（4）It be+adj.+that... 常用于此句型的形容词有necessary、important、strange、natural等。
注意:此句型中从句一般用虚拟语气,即（should） do。
（5）It be+动词-ed形式+that... 常用于此句型的动词-ed形式有said、announced、believed、reported、known、hoped等。
（6）It be+n.+that... 常用于此句型的名词有pity、honour、shame、wonder等。
It is impossible to get there by boat.
坐船不可能到那里。
It is no use giving him some advice.=It is useless giving him some advice.
给他提建议没用。
It is necessary that the work （should） be done well.
做好这项工作是必要的。
5.it在句中作形式宾语
it作为形式宾语常用于句型“动词+it+形容词/名词/动词-ing形式+（for sb） to do/that从句”中。常用于此句型的动词有think、believe、suppose、consider、feel、make、keep等。
They considered it important to have the work done on time.
他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。
We make it a rule to visit the old every weekend.
我们规定每个周末都去拜访老人。
6.it的其他句型
（1）It remains to be done+从句（真正的主语） 有待于……
It remains to be seen whether making a trip often does good to the old couple's health.
经常旅行是否对老年夫妇的健康有好处有待于证实。
（2）It hits/strikes/occurs to sb+从句（真正的主语） 某人突然想起……
It occurred to me that we should start off at once.
我突然想起我们应该立刻出发。
（3）动词appreciate、hate、love、like、dislike后面接由if或when引导的从句时,中间用it,构成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike+it+if/when从句”。
He will appreciate it if they invite him.
如果他们邀请他,他将非常感激。
（4）动词短语rely/depend on/upon（依靠）、see to（注意;留心）、answer for（负责;担保）、ask for（请求）后跟that引导的从句作宾语时,中间须用形式宾语it,构成“动词短语+it+that从句”结构。
You can depend on it that she is always concerned about her own interests.
她总是关心自身的利益,你要相信这一点。
（5）用于“动词+it+介词（短语）+that从句”结构中。
take it for granted that...认为……理所当然
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
leave it to sb that...把……留给某人
keep it in mind that...把……记在心里
He owes it to the doctor that he is quite well again.
多亏这位医生,他的身体又好起来了。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He didn't _____________ when and where the meeting would be held.
他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。
make it clear
（2）______________________________ in the river.
你在这条河里游泳是危险的。
It is dangerous for you to swim
（3）The baby cried because ______________.
婴儿因饥饿而啼哭。
it was hungry
（4）________________ to the factory.
到工厂有很长一段路。
It is a long way
（5）I ____________ I have to speak in French on the phone.
我讨厌打电话时必须说法语。
hate it when
探究点2 it用于强调句型
1.强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分
（1）此结构中it没有具体意义,只是引出被强调部分。
（2）此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语,不能强调谓语。
（3）强调时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等时要用that而不能用when、where、because。
（4）被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that,而被强调部分是物时只能用that。
It is my mother that/who reminds me to get up on time every day.
每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床的。
2.强调句型的时态
（1）如果原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态（如一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等）,强调句型的形式为“It is+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。
（2）如果原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）,强调句型的形式为“It was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。
A meeting will be held next week in the meeting room.
→It is next week that a meeting will be held in the meeting room.（强调时间）
We go to work every day by bus.
→It is by bus that we go to work every day.（强调方式）
3.强调句型的疑问形式
（1）强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分
（2）强调句型的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who+其他成分
Is it in the dining hall that they will hold a party
他们将在这家餐厅举行宴会吗
When is it that they are going to leave for Paris
他们打算何时动身去巴黎
How was it that they got to the top of that high mountain
他们是如何到达那座高山的山顶的
4.not...until...在强调句型中的运用
当被强调的是not...until...句型时,应将not与until部分一起进行强调,即构成“It is/was not until...that...” 结构。由于not已经前移,that后应用肯定句式。
He didn't come back until the next year.
→It was not until the next year that he came back.
名师点拨
强调结构记忆口诀
it强调并不难,that总是在中间。
除了谓语不用管,主、宾、表、状都提前。
否定转移必考题,否定强调难为你。
疑问强调莫忽视,高考场上要牢记。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）You are waiting at a wrong place. _____ at the hotel _____ the coach picks up
tourists.
你等错地方了。长途汽车是在旅馆接游客的。
It is
that
（2）_________________found the pen in the classroom yesterday
昨天是玛丽在教室里找到这支钢笔的吗
Was it Mary who
（3）________________prevented him from coming in time
是什么阻止他及时来到
What was it that
（4）_______________ all the fish in the river died out _____ they realized the
importance of environmental protection.
直到河里所有的鱼都灭绝了, 他们才意识到环境保护的重要性。
It was not until
that
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He can learn English through the English programs _________（broadcast） on TV.
broadcast
2.The book is said to be a special one _________（cover） many events that cannot
be found in other history books.
covering
3.Students should involve themselves ___ community activities where they can gain
experience for growth.
in
4.Let your child know that you expect him to act ____________（appropriate）
toward other people.
appropriately
5.The book described the __________（adapt） of desert species to the hot conditions.
adaptation
6.I am sure that I can perfectly live up to my parents' ____________（expect）.
expectations
7.________（consult） the doctor, and you will get the full information on the
disease.
Consult
8.He _____________（acknowledge） the applause with a small bow.
acknowledged
Ⅱ.句型转换（强调下列各句中的画线部分）
1.Not what you said but what you didmatters much.
→__________________________________________matters much.
It is not what you said but what you did that
2.Wheredid the police find their missing child
→_________________the police found their missing child
Where was it that
3.They didn't leave to travel until they finished the work.
→________________________________________ they left to travel.
It was not until they finished the work that
4.In the city where they spent their holiday, they had a quarrel for the first time.
→________________________________________________ they had a quarrel for the
first time.
It was in the city where they spent their holiday that
Ⅲ.根据提示完成小作文
他出身贫寒,但他并不悲观（pessimistic）。他努力学习,目的是能成为一名对他的国家有用的人。他没有辜负人们的期望（expectation）。现在,他最新的一本书已经在全国范围内出版了,书中的一些政治观点对他的国家的发展非常适合（be appropriate for）。因此,他已经被宣布为对他的国家最有用的人才之一。
___
参考范文
He was born poor, but he was not pessimistic. He studied hard in order to be a useful person for his country. He has lived up to people's expectations. Now, his latest book has been published all over the country. Some political views in the book are very appropriate for the development of his country. As a result, he has been declared one of the most useful talents for his country.
单句填空
1.（2023·浙江1月）It was a hummingbird（蜂鸟）, desperately trying to escape. She
____________（cover）in spider-webs（蛛网） and was barely able to move her
wings.
was covered
2.（2021·天津第一次）It's the relationships in the community. It's the impact he can
make ____ people.
on
3.（2023·浙江1月）Last Sunday witnessed an activity with the theme of “Getting to
know the plants around us”, which _________（involve） all students in Senior One.
involved
4.（2023·上海1月）I'm writing to you for the purpose of telling you what my
classmates think about your class ___ well as my personal suggestions.
as
5.（2021·新高考Ⅰ）When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part
which includes a lot of ___________（imagine） stories.
imaginative
6.（2022·浙江1月）However, he seemed to have adapted ___ my laziness and took
on more tasks that should have fallen within my range of responsibility.
to
