Unit 8 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用动作动词和状态动词。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. adj.使人兴奋的;饶有趣味的→ v.促进;激发;激励
2. adj.十分吸引人的;引人入胜的→ vt. 吸收;吸引;使专心→ adj.专心致志的
3. adj.文学的→ n.文学
4. adj.历史的→ n.历史→ adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;可名垂青史的
5. vt.呈送;提交;呈递→ n.提交;投降
6. n.登记;注册→ v.登记;注册
7. adj.未受注意的;未被看见的→ v.看见;见到
8. adj.极冷的;被冰覆盖的→ n.冰;冰场
9. vi. & vt.(乘船)航行→ n.帆船运动;(乘帆船的)航行
10. n.不信;怀疑→ n.相信;信心;信念;信仰→ v.相信;认为;信任
11. n.服装;衣服→ n.织物;布料→ n.衣服;服装
答案 1.stimulating;stimulate 2.absorbing;absorb;absorbed 3.literary;literature 4.historical;history;historic 5.submit;submission 6.registration;register 7.unseen;see 8.icy;ice 9.sail;sailing 10.disbelief;belief;believe 11.clothing;cloth;clothes
构词规律
v.+-ing→adj. n.+-y→adj.
exciting adj.令人激动的;令人兴奋的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的 amusing adj.有趣的 boring adj.令人厌烦的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的 icy adj.极冷的;被冰覆盖的 rainy adj.阴雨的;多雨的 stormy adj.有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的
Step 2 短语记诵
1. the top of 在……顶部
2.drop 减退;减少;落下
3.hunt 搜寻;寻找
4.take place
5.in an attempt
答案 1.at 2.off 3.for 4.发生 5.试图
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf.(动词-ing形式作定语)
翻译 伯曼和苏看着窗外的藤蔓,发现只剩下一片叶子了。
仿写 The three parties will meet next month to work out .
三方将在下个月会面,以解决余下的分歧。
2.The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译 昨天早上,看门人发现他无助地躺在床上,极度痛苦。
仿写 If you , replace them with positive ones.
你如果发现自己有这些想法,就用积极的想法代替它们。
答案 1.the remaining differences 2.find yourself having these thoughts
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
THE LAST LEAF
Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together, hunting for apartments with north-facing windows and low rents. At the top of a three-story building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio.
In November, a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia(1), arrived in Greenwich Village. Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.
最后一片叶子
格林威治村是艺术人士聚集的地方,他们在那里寻找窗户朝北(阴面)且租金低廉的公寓。苏和约翰西的画室就在一座三层楼的顶楼。
11月的时候,一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见、医生称之为“肺炎”的不速之客,来到了格林威治村。“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上,于是她躺在床上,一动不动,盖着毯子,眼睛盯着一堵空墙。
【助读点拨】
(1)whom引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作宾语。
The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live. Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.”
Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy's spirits. Johnsy's eyes were open, but they weren't watching her. Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards:“Ten, nine, eight, seven...”
医生把苏拉到一边,说:“她的病只有,这么说吧,只有一成希望,这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去。试着鼓励她多想想有希望的事情,想想未来,想想活下去。”
苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间,开始用钢笔画画,试着让约翰西振作起来。约翰西的眼睛是睁着的,但并没有看苏。相反,她凝视着窗外,倒数着“十、九、八、七……”
“What are you counting, dear ” asked Sue. “They're falling faster now,” replied Johnsy. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now it's easy. There are only five left now. Five leaves on the ivy vine. When the last one falls, I must go, too. Didn't the doctor tell you ”
“Oh, I never heard of such nonsense,” quickly replied Sue. But Johnsy's mind was made up. “I want to see the last one fall. I'm tired of waiting. I want to go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.”
“Try to sleep,” said Sue. Then she went to fetch her neighbour, Mr Behrman, to be a model for her drawing. He was a failed painter. In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint. Sue told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the leaves. Behrman cried with disbelief. “Are there people in the world that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off from a vine(2) This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick. Someday I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.”
“你在数什么啊,亲爱的 ”苏问道。“它们现在掉得更快了,”约翰西回答说,“三天前还有差不多100片。不过现在数起来容易了,只剩下5片了。常春藤上有5片叶子。当最后一片掉下来的时候,我也要离开人世了,难道医生没有跟你说吗 ”
苏立即答道:“我从未听过这么荒谬的话。”但是约翰西决心已定,“我想看着最后一片叶子掉下来,我已经等腻了。我想随风而逝,就像一片可怜的、疲倦的藤叶一样。”
“试着睡一会儿吧,”苏说道。然后她去叫邻居伯曼先生来做绘画模特。他是个失败的画家。40年来,他从未创作出他所渴望的杰作。苏告诉他约翰西想要像树叶一样流逝。伯曼不可置信地喊道:“世界上竟有这种愚蠢的人,认为藤叶掉落他们就得死 约翰西小姐实在不应该躺在这种地方生病。总有一天我要画一幅杰作,然后我们就可以离开这里。”
【助读点拨】
(2)此处为省略了that的宾语从句,作think的宾语。
Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining(3) leaf. What's more, a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
The next morning, Johnsy woke and asked for the curtains to be opened. One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain. “It will fall today. And I will die with it.”
The following day, Johnsy asked again for the curtains to be opened. The leaf was still there!
Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it. “I've been a bad girl, Sue,” said Johnsy. “It is a crime to want to die.” Then she asked for some food.
In the afternoon, the doctor visited, “Even chances,” said the doctor, “with good nursing, you'll win. And now I must see a fellow downstairs, Behrman. Pneumonia, too. There is no hope for him.”
伯曼和苏看着窗外的藤蔓,发现只剩下一片叶子了。更糟糕的是,外面下起冰冷的雨来,雨夹着雪。
第二天早上,约翰西醒来,要求拉开窗帘。藤上还留着一片叶子,在风雨中勇敢地撑着。“它今天会掉下来的,我也会和它一同死去。”
又过了一天,约翰西又要求拉开窗帘。叶子还在那儿!
约翰西躺了很久,看着它。“我真是一个坏姑娘,苏,不想活下去是罪恶。”约翰西说,然后她要了些吃的。
下午,医生来了,“即使机会渺茫,”医生说,“只要好好护理,你会战胜病魔的。现在我得去楼下看另一个病人,伯曼先生,他也得了肺炎。他没有希望了。”
The next day, Sue came to Johnsy's bed. “I have something to tell you,” she said. “Mr Behrman died today. He was ill for only two days. The janitor found him lying in bed(4) helplessly with pain yesterday morning. His shoes and clothing were wet through and icy cold. They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a terrible night. And then they found a lantern, still lit, and some brushes, and—look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall. Didn't you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew(5) Ah, dear, it's Behrman's masterpiece—he painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.”
第二天,苏来到约翰西的床前。“我有些话要告诉你,”她说,“伯曼先生今天去世了。他只病了两天。昨天早上,看门人发现他无助地躺在床上,极度痛苦。他的鞋和衣服都湿透了,冰凉冰凉的。他们想不出,在那凄风冷雨的夜里,他究竟去了哪里。然后他们找到了一盏还亮着的灯笼,还有几支画笔——亲爱的,看看窗外的墙上最后那片常春藤叶子。你不觉得奇怪吗,为什么那片叶子在风中一动不动呢 啊,亲爱的,那是伯曼的杰作——那天晚上最后的一片叶子掉落时,他画上去的。”
【助读点拨】
(3)句中remaining是动词-ing形式作定语。
(4)此处为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。句中him为宾语,lying in bed为宾语补足语。
(5)此处为why引导的宾语从句,作wonder的宾语。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 absorbing adj.十分吸引人的;引人入胜的 *absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等) ;吸引全部注意力;使全神贯注;使并入;吞并 *absorbed adj.全神贯注的
(牛津词典)Chess can be an extremely absorbing game.
国际象棋有时就是一场引人入胜的游戏。
知识拓展
absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
be absorbed by 被……吞并;为……所吸收
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
经典佳句
The Chinese female astronaut Wang Yaping had classes in space, which absorbed the whole world's attention.
中国女航天员王亚平在太空上课,这吸引了全世界的注意力。
He nodded absently, his attention absorbed by the screen.
他专心注视着屏幕,只是心不在焉地点了点头。
名师点拨
“be absorbed in”结构在句中作状语或定语时,常用absorbed in...。类似的结构还有be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be involved in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Try to push away your thoughts until you're (absorb) in what your friend is saying.
(2)Plants absorb water the earth around them.
(3)Children will find other exhibits equally (absorb).
Ⅱ.句式升级
(4)He was absorbed in TV so that he forgot to sleep.
→ ,he forgot to sleep.(动词-ed形式作状语)
答案 (1)absorbed (2)from (3)absorbing
(4)Absorbed in TV
知识点2 contradictory adj.矛盾的;抵触的 *contradict v.驳斥;反驳;相矛盾;相反 *contradiction n.矛盾;反驳
(P28)try to figure out contradictory messages
努力找出相互矛盾的信息
知识拓展
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾/对立
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
in contradiction to/with 与……相矛盾/对立
经典佳句
Some astronauts feel sick on the space station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.
一些航天员在太空站的头几天会感到不舒服,因为他们的大脑接收到的是相互矛盾的信息。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The answers to this question were various and (contradict).
(2)Behind them all, though, is the (contradict) between economic growth and the environment.
(3)He contradicts (he) sometimes in the same sentence.
答案 (1)contradictory (2)contradiction (3)himself
知识点3 submit v. (使)服从;(使)顺从;提交;呈递(文件等) *submission n.提交;呈递;投降;归顺
(P107)You just need to fill in and submit a registration form for a library card.
你只需要填写并提交一份借书证登记表。
知识拓展
submit to 服从;屈服
submit oneself to 甘受;服从
图解释义
She submitted her resume for their consideration.
她提交了简历,供他们考虑。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)They the unjust decision.
他们拒绝服从这个不公正的决定。
(2)Every time he , he received a failure notice, which made him very annoyed.
他每次提交订单都会收到失败通知,这使他很恼火。
答案 (1)refuse to submit to (2)submitted an order
知识点4 claim v.声称;主张;要求;索赔;认领 n.断言;声明;所有权
(P30)The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live... ”
医生把苏拉到一边,说:“她的病只有,这么说吧,只有一成希望,这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去……”
知识拓展
claim for sth 要求/索取某物;宣称某事
claim to do sth 声称/声明做某事
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
It is claimed that... 据称……
lay claim to 提出对……的所有权
put in a claim 提出索赔要求
经典佳句
People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.
为动物争取权利的人们声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。
Please claim the baggage before leaving the airport.
在离开机场前请认领自己的行李。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)They intend to claim damages(损害赔偿金) from the company for the injury.
(2)But as voters,they claim (worry) about the state of the planet.
(3)They claim people with advanced technology earn more money.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(4)He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night.He claimed to have seen aliens with his own eyes.
→He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night, aliens with his own eyes.(动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
答案 (1)for (2)to worry (3)that (4)claiming to have seen
知识点5 stare v.凝视;盯着看
(P30)Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven...”
相反,她凝视着窗外,倒数着“十、九、八、七……”
知识拓展
stare at 盯着看;凝视
gave sb a blank stare 面无表情地直视着某人
经典佳句
The police officer stared at the suspect for a long time.
警官盯着嫌疑人看了很长一段时间。
He stared at his own image reflected in the water.
他凝视着自己在水中的倒影。
易混辨析
stare at、glance at和glare at的辨析:
stare at 指长时间盯着某个目标看,且常带有粗鲁、茫然或不礼貌的意味
glance at 指匆匆一看、瞥一眼,强调看的时间短暂
glare at 指怒视,强调敌对或威胁的态度
融会应用 选词填空(stare at/glance at/glare at)
(1)He didn't shout;he just me silently.
(2)She the envelope and recognized her uncle's handwriting.
(3)It's impolite to foreign visitors in the street.
答案 (1)glared at (2)glanced at (3)stare at
知识点6 count v. 数数;认为;算作;重要 *countable adj.可数的 *countless adj.无数的;数不尽的
(P30)“What are you counting, dear ” asked Sue.
“你在数什么啊,亲爱的 ”苏问道。
知识拓展
count...in 包括……在内;把……算入
count on/upon 依赖;依靠;指望
count...as/to be... 把……视为……
count up 计算;共计
图解释义
I try to count sheep when I want to fall asleep.
当我想睡觉的时候,我就尝试着数羊。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)If you go to Beijing for a trip, please count me .
(2)You can count him because he is a reliable man.
(3)There are (count) fallen leaves as if they were a blanket covering the ground.
答案 (1)in (2)on/upon (3)countless
知识点7 disbelief n.不信;怀疑 *belief n.相信;信心;看法;信念;信仰 *believe v.相信;认为真实
(P31)Behrman cried with disbelief.
伯曼不可置信地喊道。
知识拓展
with disbelief 难以置信
beyond belief 难以置信
have belief in sb 信任某人;对某人有信心
believe it or not 信不信由你
经典佳句
She gazed at him with disbelief.
她难以置信地盯着他。
To enjoy the movie you have to suspend your disbelief.
要欣赏这部电影就得放下你的怀疑。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)There is the (believe) that if you arrive at an appointment late,you will be considered impolite.
(2)Believe or not, what he said amazed me.
(3)He was convinced that he was equal to doing everything only when he believed himself.
(4)A look of (disbelieve), then a grin, spread across his face.
答案 (1)belief (2)it (3)in (4)disbelief
知识点8 remain vi. 仍然是;留下;剩余 *remaining adj.剩下的 *remains n.剩余物;遗址
(P31)One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain.
藤上还留着一片叶子,在风雨中勇敢地撑着。
知识拓展
remain to be done 有待/尚需/尚未……
It remains to be seen... ……尚待分晓。
remain unchanged 保持不变
the remaining money 剩余的钱
经典佳句
The man's identity remains unknown.
这名男子的身份还是个谜。
The division between the rich and the poor remains.
贫富差异依然存在。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The passenger remained (seat) until the bus came to a complete stop.
(2)While there's a lot of promise, the result remains (see).
(3)The boy bought some flowers with the (remain) money.
(4)They were cleaning up the (remain) of their picnic.
答案 (1)seated (2)to be seen (3)remaining (4)remains
短 语 句 式
知识点9 figure out 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白;计算出(数量或成本)
(P28)try to figure out contradictory messages
努力找出相互矛盾的信息
知识拓展
figure in 把……考虑/计算在内
figure on指望;计划;打算
keep/improve one's figure 保持/改善体型
have a good figure 体态优美
经典佳句
I still can't figure out why she burst into tears yesterday.
我仍不明白她昨天为什么突然大哭起来。
Don't figure on going abroad this summer; we may not be able to afford it.
别指望今年夏天出国,我们可能负担不起。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Have you figured how much the trip will cost
(2)She always has good figure.
答案 (1)out (2)a
知识点10 in an attempt (to do sth) 企图(做某事)
(P30)Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy's spirits.
苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间,开始用钢笔画画,试着让约翰西振作起来。
知识拓展
make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
attempt to do sth/try to do sth/seek to do sth 努力做某事;企图做某事
attempted murder 谋杀未遂;意图谋杀
经典佳句
He took to walking long distances in an attempt to physically exhaust himself.
他开始长距离步行,试图耗尽自己的体力。
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。
名师点拨
attempt、intend、hope、wish、mean、expect、plan、want等,常用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算,意为“本打算/希望做而未做”。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)In attempt to encourage the students to do some reading,our school is planning to hold the Reading Festival in the library next Friday.
(2)Police say they're treating it as a case of (attempt) murder.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)他试图通过考试,但是最后还是失败了。
→He ,but he failed in the end.(attempt v.)
→He , but he failed in the end.(attempt n.)
答案 (1)an (2)attempted (3)attempted to pass the exam;made an attempt to pass/at passing the exam
知识点11 drop off落下;脱落;下车;减退;减少
(P31)Are there people in the world that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off from a vine
世界上竟有这种愚蠢的人,认为藤叶掉落他们就得死
知识拓展
drop sb off中途放下某人
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人
drop in at 拜访(某地)
drop into 落入;偶然进入;无意中走进
drop out 退出;辍学
经典佳句
I wonder if you could drop me off at the bank
不知道你能不能让我在银行门口下车
One day on his way home, Tony dropped in on his uncle.
一天托尼在回家的路上,顺便拜访了自己的叔叔。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)On the way to the suburbs, we dropped a bookstore.
(2)He dropped in some old comrades(战友) on his vacation trip to Beijing.
(3)He was at school at the age of 16 but dropped a year later.
(4)We can drop you at your place on our way home.
答案 (1)into (2)on (3)out (4)off
知识点12 动词-ing形式作定语
(P31)Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf.
伯曼和苏看着窗外的藤蔓,发现只剩下一片叶子了。
知识拓展
句中remaining是动词-ing形式作定语。
(1)动词-ing形式的单词作定语时一般放在被修饰词的前面,说明动作正在进行或说明被修饰名词的特征或性质。
There is a growing need for qualified teachers of Business English.
对合格的商务英语教师的需求日益增长。
Ivy has a climbing habit.
常春藤有向上攀缘的习性。
(2)动词-ing形式的短语作定语时应放在被修饰词的后面,相当于一个定语从句。
①动词-ing形式的短语作定语表示现在(或当时)的状态时,变为定语从句时常用一般时态。
②动词-ing形式的短语作定语表示正在进行的动作时,变为定语从句时要用进行时态。
③动词-ing形式的短语作定语时,它所表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果两个动作有先有后,一般不用动词-ing形式作定语,这时应用定语从句。
The factory making toys(=that makes toys) is run by the neighbourhood committee.
制造儿童玩具的那家工厂是由街道委员会管理的。(表示习惯性动作)
I hope to learn more about the activities going on there(=that are going on there).
我想更多地了解一下那里正进行的活动。(表示正在发生的动作)
融会应用 同义句转换
(1)Do you see the girl who is dancing with your brother
→Do you see the girl
(2)The students working in the country will be back tomorrow.
→The students will be back tomorrow.
(3)The building being built now will be our library.
→The building will be our library.
答案 (1)dancing with your brother (2)who/that work in the country (3)which/that is being built now
知识点13 find+宾语+宾语补足语
(P31)The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.
昨天早上,看门人发现他无助地躺在床上,极度痛苦。
知识拓展
句中found him lying in bed为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
(1)能够充当宾语的有名词或代词。宾语补足语主要是对宾语进行补充说明,说明宾语的身份、特征或状态等。
We turned around and found the little girl struggling in the lake,crying for help.
我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎,大声呼救。
(2)find复合结构的常见形式:
find+宾语+
宾语补足语
When he woke up,he found himself lying in the street.
当他醒来时,他发现自己正躺在大街上。
(3)当动词不定式(或从句)作find的宾语时,通常用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后,即构成“find+it+adj. / n. +to do sth/that从句”结构,表示“发现/认为做某事……”。
I find it amazing that they're still together.
他们还在一起,这使我很吃惊。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)She found herself (trap) into buying the useless medicine.
(2)I find it necessary for us (learn) a foreign language.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)我认为当你有麻烦时帮助你是我的责任。
→I find when you are in trouble. (it作形式主语)
→I find when you are in trouble.(it作形式宾语)
答案 (1)trapped (2)to learn (3)that it is my duty to help you;it my duty to help you
语法探究
动作动词和状态动词
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
①Harry is walking along the river.
②The cake tastes really good.
③Police in many countries carry guns.
④This computer costs 3,000 dollars.
⑤I was just thinking what a long way it is.
⑥I think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.
我的发现
(1)句①中的walk和句③中的carry为 动词,可以用于进行时态。
(2)句②中的taste和句④中的 cost 为 动词,不用于进行时态。
(3)句⑤中的think为 动词;句⑥中的think为 动词。
答案 (1)动作 (2)状态 (3)动作;状态
探究点1 动作动词
动作动词表示一种运动状态,绝大多数动词都是动作动词。动作动词既可用于进行时态,也可用于一般时态。动作动词大体可分为两类:
1.延续性动词
表示延续性动作的动词有work、drink、eat、read、write、walk、run、play、talk、carry、fly、watch等,该类动词用一般现在时表示经常性的、习惯性的动作;用现在进行时表示目前或者现在正在进行的动作。
She works for an engineering company.
她在一家工程公司工作。
We talked on the phone for over an hour.
我们在电话里谈了一个多小时。
He is watching a football match on TV.
他正在看电视上的足球赛。
2.非延续性动词
非延续性动词又称短暂性动词,表示短暂性动作的动词有begin、leave、go、borrow、come、return、die、buy、arrive、break、open、finish、start、lend等。该类动词用一般现在时表示现在一次性的动作。
She jumped up into the chair.
她跳起来坐到椅子上。
He arrived at the airport at three yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午三点到达机场。
I haven't received his letter for a long time.
我很久没收到他的来信了。
注意:非延续性动词在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但在否定句中则可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He (teach) us for two years so far.
(2)Look at the kite! How high it (fly)!
(3)He entered the room and (sit) down in a chair.
(4)It yesterday; it now and it's reported that it tomorrow. (rain)
(5)Harry misses his father very much, who (die) in an accident.
(6)Hurry up, kids! The school bus (leave)!
答案 (1)has taught (2)is flying (3)sat (4)rained; is raining; will rain (5)died (6)is leaving
探究点2 状态动词
状态动词表示相对静止的状态,一般不用于进行时态。常用的状态动词大体可分为三类:
1.表示感觉、感知的动词
该类动词常见的有feel、see、taste、smell、hear、sound、seem等。
The old man doesn't hear very well.
那位老人听觉不太好。
The meat tastes delicious.
这肉尝起来真美味。
注意:用作系动词的感官动词和表示变化的动词后面接形容词作表语,表示主语的特征。
Her dress looks very beautiful.
她的裙子看起来很漂亮。
The weather becomes warmer when it is spring.
春天天气变得更暖和了。
2.表示心理状态、喜好的动词
该类动词常见的有understand、think、suppose、believe、know、want、forget、remember、hate、admire、fear、care、like、prefer、regret、hope、object等。
He does not believe in Howard's honesty.
他不相信霍华德为人真诚。
I think it would make her feel better.
我想它会使她觉得好受些。
3.表示拥有或者所属等关系的动词(短语)
表示拥有或者所属等关系的动词(短语)有belong to、consist of、contain、cost、include、involve、lack、have、matter、need、possess、measure等。
As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China.
众所周知,台湾属于中国。
注意:有些动词既可表示动作,也可表示状态,但在意义上有区别。
We have a second-hand car.(have=possess,状态)
我们有一辆二手车。
She is having some tea.(have=drink,动作)
她正在喝茶。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)This computer (cost) 1,500 dollars. Is it expensive
(2)Why don't you put the meat in the fridge It (stay) fresh for several days.
(3)I (think) about what I should do next now.
(4)The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
(5)The flowers are so lovely that they (sell) well.
(6)We mustn't have anything that (go) bad.
答案 (1)costs (2)will stay (3)am thinking (4)felt (5)sell (6)goes
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I know it (sound) crazy, but it just might work.
2.I (think) about how far there is to go.
3.My cat (jump) up onto the table when I'm trying to work.
4.The food my mom cook always (taste) fantastic.
5.If you (look) for experiences like this, Adventure 2,000 is the organisation for you.
答案 1.sounds 2.am thinking 3.jumps
4.tastes 5.are looking
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.He barnstormed across the southern states woo the voters.
他在南方各州做巡回演说,企图拉选票。
2.Some scientists that aliens existed in space.
一些科学家宣称他们找到了外星人在太空存在的一些证据。
3. , John didn't notice the evening approaching.
约翰全神贯注于绘画,没有注意到夜晚的来临。
4.After hearing the bad news that I didn't pass the exam, she .
听到我考试不及格的坏消息后,她吃惊地瞪着我。
5. and we were excited the whole night.
这则令人激动的消息传来了,我们激动了整整一晚上。
答案 1.in an attempt to 2.claimed that they had found some evidence 3.Absorbed in painting 4.stared at me in astonishment 5.The exciting news came
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Sue and Johnsy were friends and they lived in an apartment. 1.(fortunate), Johnsy suffered from pneumonia and lay in the bed, staring 2. the small window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven...” She said weakly she must go when the last leaf fell. The doctor told Sue 3.(encourage) Johnsy to think more 4.(hope) thoughts about the future and about living. Then Sue went to fetch Behrman, who was a 5.(fail) painter, to be a model for her drawing and told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the leaves.
After the 6.(beat) rain and fierce wind that had endured the night, there was still one leaf. And after another terrible night, it was still there. Johnsy lay for a long time looking at 7.. Then she asked for some food and wanted 8.(live). With the help of the doctor and Sue, Johnsy was out of danger. But the bad news was that Behrman 9.(die). And they knew the secret 10. the last leaf was just a painting, drawn by Behrman on that terrible night.
答案 1.Unfortunately 2.out 3.to encourage
4.hopeful 5.failed 6.beating 7.it 8.to live 9.died 10.that
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·新高考 Ⅰ)All the assignments will (submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
2.(2023·浙江1月)I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt (fly).
3.(2022·北京)For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring this wall that faced me.
4.(2021·全国甲)Even worse, the study found that girls act on that (believe): Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart”.
5.(2022·天津)I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone's watch to tell us the time, we all (count) down and I dropped a tennis ball!
6.(2021·浙江1月)Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf (remain).
7.(2020·天津)I've heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you (charm) and intelligent as well.
答案 1.be submitted 2.to fly 3.at 4.belief 5.counted 6.remains 7.charming
2(共67张PPT)
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用动作动词和状态动词。（语言能力）
1.___________adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的→_________v.促进;激发;激励
stimulating
stimulate
2.__________adj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的→_______ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心
→_________adj.专心致志的
absorbing
absorb
absorbed
3._______adj.文学的→_________ n.文学
literary
literature
4._________adj.历史的→_______ n.历史→________adj.历史上著名（或重要）的;可名
垂青史的
historical
history
historic
5._______vt.呈送；提交；呈递→___________ n.提交;投降
submit
submission
6.___________ n.登记；注册→________ v.登记;注册
registration
register
7._______adj.未受注意的；未被看见的→____ v.看见;见到
unseen
see
8.____adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的→____ n.冰;冰场
icy
ice
9.____ vi. & vt.（乘船）航行→_______ n.帆船运动;（乘帆船的）航行
sail
sailing
10._________n.不信；怀疑→______ n.相信;信心;信念；信仰→_______ v．相信；认
为；信任
disbelief
belief
believe
11.________n.服装；衣服→______ n.织物;布料→_______ n.衣服;服装
clothing
cloth
clothes
构词规律
v.+-ing→adj. n.+-y→adj.
exciting adj.令人激动的;令人兴奋的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的 amusing adj.有趣的 boring adj.令人厌烦的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的 icy adj.极冷的;被冰覆盖的
rainy adj.阴雨的;多雨的
stormy adj.有暴风雨（或暴风
雪）的
1.___the top of 在……顶部
at
2.drop ____减退;减少;落下
off
3.hunt ____搜寻;寻找
for
4.take place______
发生
5.in an attempt ______
试图
1.Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was
just one remaining leaf.（动词-ing形式作定语）
翻译 伯曼和苏看着窗外的藤蔓，发现只剩下一片叶子了。
仿写 The three parties will meet next month to work out _______________________.
三方将在下个月会面,以解决余下的分歧。
the remaining differences
2.The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.（find+
宾语+宾语补足语）
翻译 昨天早上，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，极度痛苦。
仿写 If you________________________________, replace them with positive ones.
你如果发现自己有这些想法,就用积极的想法代替它们。
find yourself having these thoughts
核 心 单 词
知识点1 absorbing adj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的＊ absorb v.吸收（液体、气体等） ；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入；吞并 ＊absorbed adj.全神贯注的
（牛津词典）Chess can be an extremely absorbing game.
国际象棋有时就是一场引人入胜的游戏。
absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
be absorbed by 被……吞并；为……所吸收
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
The Chinese female astronaut Wang Yaping had classes in space, which absorbed the whole world's attention.
中国女航天员王亚平在太空上课，这吸引了全世界的注意力。
He nodded absently, his attention absorbed by the screen.
他专心注视着屏幕，只是心不在焉地点了点头。
“be absorbed in”结构在句中作状语或定语时，常用absorbed in...。类似的结构还有be lost in、be caught in、be buried in、be devoted to、be occupied in、be involved in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Try to push away your thoughts until you're _________（absorb） in what your
friend is saying.
absorbed
（2）Plants absorb water ______the earth around them.
from
（3）Children will find other exhibits equally __________（absorb）.
absorbing
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4）He was absorbed in TV so that he forgot to sleep.
→________________,he forgot to sleep.（动词-ed形式作状语）
Absorbed in TV
知识点2 contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的＊contradict v.驳斥；反驳；相矛盾；相反＊contradiction n.矛盾；反驳
（P28）try to figure out contradictory messages
努力找出相互矛盾的信息
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾/对立
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
in contradiction to/with 与……相矛盾/对立
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The answers to this question were various and ____________（contradict）.
contradictory
（2）Behind them all, though, is the ____________（contradict） between economic
growth and the environment.
contradiction
（3）He contradicts ________（he） sometimes in the same sentence.
himself
Some astronauts feel sick on the space station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.
一些航天员在太空站的头几天会感到不舒服，因为他们的大脑接收到的是相互矛盾的信息。
知识点3 submit v. （使）服从；（使）顺从；提交；呈递（文件等） ＊submission n.提交；呈递；投降；归顺
（P107）You just need to fill in and submit a registration form for a library card.
你只需要填写并提交一份借书证登记表。
submit to 服从；屈服
submit oneself to 甘受；服从
She submitted her resume for their consideration.
她提交了简历，供他们考虑。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）They__________________ the unjust decision.
他们拒绝服从这个不公正的决定。
refuse to submit to
（2）Every time he __________________, he received a failure notice, which made
him very annoyed.
他每次提交订单都会收到失败通知,这使他很恼火。
submitted an order
知识点4 claim v.声称；主张；要求；索赔；认领 n.断言；声明；所有权
（P30）The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live... ”
医生把苏拉到一边,说:“她的病只有，这么说吧，只有一成希望，这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去……”
claim for sth 要求/索取某物；宣称某事
claim to do sth 声称/声明做某事
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
It is claimed that... 据称……
lay claim to 提出对……的所有权
put in a claim 提出索赔要求
People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.
为动物争取权利的人们声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。
Please claim the baggage before leaving the airport.
在离开机场前请认领自己的行李。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）They intend to claim ____damages（损害赔偿金） from the company for the
injury.
for
（2）But as voters,they claim _________（worry） about the state of the planet.
to worry
（3）They claim _____people with advanced technology earn more money.
that
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4）He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night. He claimed to have
seen aliens with his own eyes.
→He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night,_____________________
aliens with his own eyes.（动词-ing形式作伴随状语）
claiming to have seen
知识点5 stare v.凝视；盯着看
（P30）Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven...”
相反,她凝视着窗外，倒数着“十、九、八、七……”
stare at 盯着看;凝视
gave sb a blank stare 面无表情地直视着某人
The police officer stared at the suspect for a long time.
警官盯着嫌疑人看了很长一段时间。
He stared at his own image reflected in the water.
他凝视着自己在水中的倒影。
stare at、glance at和glare at的辨析：
stare at 指长时间盯着某个目标看，且常带有粗鲁、茫然或不礼貌的意味
glance at 指匆匆一看、瞥一眼，强调看的时间短暂
glare at 指怒视，强调敌对或威胁的态度
融会应用
选词填空（stare at/glance at/glare at）
（1）He didn't shout;he just _________me silently.
glared at
（2）She __________the envelope and recognized her uncle's handwriting.
glanced at
（3）It's impolite to ________foreign visitors in the street.
stare at
知识点6 count v. 数数；认为；算作；重要＊countable adj.可数的 ＊countless adj.无数的；数不尽的
（P30）“What are you counting, dear ” asked Sue.
“你在数什么啊,亲爱的 ”苏问道。
count...in 包括……在内；把……算入
count on/upon 依赖;依靠;指望
count...as/to be... 把……视为……
count up 计算;共计
I try to count sheep when I want to fall asleep.
当我想睡觉的时候，我就尝试着数羊。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）If you go to Beijing for a trip, please count me ___.
in
（2）You can count ________him because he is a reliable man.
on/upon
（3）There are _________（count） fallen leaves as if they were a blanket covering
the ground.
countless
知识点7 disbelief n.不信；怀疑＊belief n.相信；信心；看法；信念；信仰＊believe v.相信；认为真实
（P31）Behrman cried with disbelief.
伯曼不可置信地喊道。
with disbelief 难以置信
beyond belief 难以置信
have belief in sb 信任某人；对某人有信心
believe it or not 信不信由你
She gazed at him with disbelief.
她难以置信地盯着他。
To enjoy the movie you have to suspend your disbelief.
要欣赏这部电影就得放下你的怀疑。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There is the ______（believe） that if you arrive at an appointment late,you
will be considered impolite.
belief
（2）Believe ___or not, what he said amazed me.
it
（3）He was convinced that he was equal to doing everything only when he believed
___ himself.
in
（4）A look of _________（disbelieve）, then a grin, spread across his face.
disbelief
知识点8 remain vi. 仍然是；留下；剩余＊remaining adj.剩下的 ＊remains n.剩余物；遗址
（P31）One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain.
藤上还留着一片叶子，在风雨中勇敢地撑着。
remain to be done 有待/尚需/尚未……
It remains to be seen... ……尚待分晓。
remain unchanged 保持不变
the remaining money 剩余的钱
The man's identity remains unknown.
这名男子的身份还是个谜。
The division between the rich and the poor remains.
贫富差异依然存在。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The passenger remained _______（seat） until the bus came to a complete stop.
seated
（2）While there's a lot of promise, the result remains ___________（see）.
to be seen
（3）The boy bought some flowers with the __________（remain） money.
remaining
（4）They were cleaning up the ________ （remain） of their picnic.
remains
短 语 句 式
知识点9 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算出（数量或成本）
（P28）try to figure out contradictory messages
努力找出相互矛盾的信息
figure in 把……考虑/计算在内
figure on指望；计划；打算
keep/improve one's figure 保持/改善体型
have a good figure 体态优美
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Have you figured ____ how much the trip will cost
out
（2）She always has___good figure.
a
I still can't figure out why she burst into tears yesterday.
我仍不明白她昨天为什么突然大哭起来。
Don't figure on going abroad this summer； we may not be able to afford it.
别指望今年夏天出国，我们可能负担不起。
知识点10 in an attempt （to do sth） 企图（做某事）
（P30）Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy's spirits.
苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间,开始用钢笔画画,试着让约翰西振作起来。
make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
attempt to do sth/try to do sth/seek to do sth 努力做某事;企图做某事
attempted murder 谋杀未遂；意图谋杀
He took to walking long distances in an attempt to physically exhaust himself.
他开始长距离步行，试图耗尽自己的体力。
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。
attempt、intend、hope、wish、mean、expect、plan、want等，常用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算，意为“本打算/希望做而未做”。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）In ____attempt to encourage the students to do some reading,our school is
planning to hold the Reading Festival in the library next Friday.
an
（2）Police say they're treating it as a case of __________（attempt） murder.
attempted
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）他试图通过考试,但是最后还是失败了。
→He_________________________,but he failed in the end.（attempt v.）
→He _________________________________________, but he failed in the end.
（attempt n.）
attempted to pass the exam
made an attempt to pass/at passing the exam
知识点11 drop off 落下；脱落；下车；减退；减少
（P31）Are there people in the world that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off from a vine
世界上竟有这种愚蠢的人，认为藤叶掉落他们就得死？
drop sb off中途放下某人
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人
drop in at 拜访（某地）
drop into 落入;偶然进入;无意中走进
drop out 退出;辍学
I wonder if you could drop me off at the bank
不知道你能不能让我在银行门口下车
One day on his way home, Tony dropped in on his uncle.
一天托尼在回家的路上,顺便拜访了自己的叔叔。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）On the way to the suburbs, we dropped _____a bookstore.
into
（2）He dropped in ____some old comrades（战友） on his vacation trip to Beijing.
on
（3）He was at school at the age of 16 but dropped ____a year later.
out
（4）We can drop you ____at your place on our way home.
off
知识点12 动词-ing形式作定语
（P31）Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf.
伯曼和苏看着窗外的藤蔓,发现只剩下一片叶子了。
句中remaining是动词-ing形式作定语。
（1）动词-ing形式的单词作定语时一般放在被修饰词的前面，说明动作正在进行或说明被修饰名词的特征或性质。
There is a growing need for qualified teachers of Business English.
对合格的商务英语教师的需求日益增长。
Ivy has a climbing habit.
常春藤有向上攀缘的习性。
（2）动词-ing形式的短语作定语时应放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
①动词-ing形式的短语作定语表示现在（或当时）的状态时,变为定语从句时常用一般时态。
②动词-ing形式的短语作定语表示正在进行的动作时,变为定语从句时要用进行时态。
③动词-ing形式的短语作定语时,它所表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果两个动作有先有后,一般不用动词-ing形式作定语,这时应用定语从句。
The factory making toys（=that makes toys） is run by the neighbourhood committee.
制造儿童玩具的那家工厂是由街道委员会管理的。（表示习惯性动作）
I hope to learn more about the activities going on there（=that are going on there）.
我想更多地了解一下那里正进行的活动。（表示正在发生的动作）
融会应用 同义句转换
（1）Do you see the girl who is dancing with your brother
→Do you see the girl ________________________
dancing with your brother
（2）The students working in the country will be back tomorrow.
→The students ___________________________will be back tomorrow.
who/that work in the country
（3）The building being built now will be our library.
→The building ___________________________will be our library.
which/that is being built now
知识点13 find+宾语+宾语补足语
（P31）The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.
昨天早上，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，极度痛苦。
句中found him lying in bed为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
（1）能够充当宾语的有名词或代词。宾语补足语主要是对宾语进行补充说明,说明宾语的身份、特征或状态等。
We turned around and found the little girl struggling in the lake,crying for help.
我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎,大声呼救。
（2）find复合结构的常见形式:
形容词/副词
名词/介词短语
动词-ing形式（表示主动、正在进行的动作）
动词-ed形式（表示被动、已经完成的动作）
When he woke up,he found himself lying in the street.
当他醒来时,他发现自己正躺在大街上。
find+宾语+宾语补足语
（3）当动词不定式（或从句）作find的宾语时,通常用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后,即构成“find+it+adj. / n. +to do sth/that从句”结构,表示“发现/认为做某事……”。
I find it amazing that they're still together.
他们还在一起,这使我很吃惊。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）She found herself ________ （trap） into buying the useless medicine.
trapped
（2）I find it necessary for us ________ （learn） a foreign language.
to learn
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）我认为当你有麻烦时帮助你是我的责任。
→I find ____________________________ when you are in trouble. （it作形式主语）
→I find ______________________ when you are in trouble.（it作形式宾语）
that it is my duty to help you
it my duty to help you
动作动词和状态动词
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
①Harry is walking along the river.
②The cake tastes really good.
③Police in many countries carry guns.
④This computer costs 3,000 dollars.
⑤I was just thinking what a long way it is.
⑥I think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.
我的发现（1） 句①中的walk和句③中的carry为______动词,可以用于进行时态。
动作
（2）句②中的taste和句④中的 cost 为______动词,不用于进行时态。
状态
（3）句⑤中的think为______动词；句⑥中的think为______动词。
动作
状态
探究点1 动作动词
动作动词表示一种运动状态,绝大多数动词都是动作动词。动作动词既可用于进行时态,也可用于一般时态。动作动词大体可分为两类:
1.延续性动词
表示延续性动作的动词有work、drink、eat、read、write、walk、run、play、talk、carry、fly、watch等,该类动词用一般现在时表示经常性的、习惯性的动作;用现在进行时表示目前或者现在正在进行的动作。
She works for an engineering company.
她在一家工程公司工作。
We talked on the phone for over an hour.
我们在电话里谈了一个多小时。
He is watching a football match on TV.
他正在看电视上的足球赛。
2.非延续性动词
非延续性动词又称短暂性动词,表示短暂性动作的动词有begin、leave、go、borrow、come、return、die、buy、arrive、break、open、finish、start、lend等。该类动词用一般现在时表示现在一次性的动作。
She jumped up into the chair.
她跳起来坐到椅子上。
He arrived at the airport at three yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午三点到达机场。
I haven't received his letter for a long time.
我很久没收到他的来信了。
注意:非延续性动词在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但在否定句中则可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He __________ （teach） us for two years so far.
has taught
（2）Look at the kite! How high it _________（fly）!
is flying
（3）He entered the room and ____（sit） down in a chair.
sat
（4）It _______ yesterday； it __________ now and it's reported that it _________
tomorrow. （rain）
rained
is raining
will rain
（5）Harry misses his father very much, who _____（die） in an accident.
died
（6）Hurry up, kids! The school bus __________（leave）!
is leaving
探究点2 状态动词
状态动词表示相对静止的状态,一般不用于进行时态。常用的状态动词大体可分为三类:
1.表示感觉、感知的动词
该类动词常见的有feel、see、taste、smell、hear、sound、seem等。
The old man doesn't hear very well.
那位老人听觉不太好。
The meat tastes delicious.
这肉尝起来真美味。
注意:用作系动词的感官动词和表示变化的动词后面接形容词作表语,表示主语的特征。Her dress looks very beautiful.
她的裙子看起来很漂亮。
The weather becomes warmer when it is spring.
春天天气变得更暖和了。
2.表示心理状态、喜好的动词
该类动词常见的有understand、think、suppose、believe、know、want、forget、remember、hate、admire、fear、care、like、prefer、regret、hope、object等。
He does not believe in Howard's honesty.
他不相信霍华德为人真诚。
I think it would make her feel better.
我想它会使她觉得好受些。
3.表示拥有或者所属等关系的动词（短语）
表示拥有或者所属等关系的动词（短语）有belong to、consist of、contain、cost、include、involve、lack、have、matter、need、possess、measure等。
As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China.
众所周知,台湾属于中国。
注意:有些动词既可表示动作,也可表示状态,但在意义上有区别。
We have a second-hand car.（have=possess,状态）
我们有一辆二手车。
She is having some tea.（have=drink,动作）
她正在喝茶。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）This computer ______（cost） 1,500 dollars. Is it expensive
costs
（2）Why don't you put the meat in the fridge It _________（stay） fresh for
several days.
will stay
（3）I____________ （think） about what I should do next now.
am thinking
（4）The water ____（feel） cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
felt
（5）The flowers are so lovely that they ____（sell） well.
sell
（6）We mustn't have anything that _____（go） bad.
goes
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I know it _______（sound） crazy, but it just might work.
sounds
2.I ____________（think） about how far there is to go.
am thinking
3.My cat _______（jump） up onto the table when I'm trying to work.
jumps
4.The food my mom cook always ______（taste） fantastic.
tastes
5.If you ___________（look） for experiences like this, Adventure 2,000 is the
organisation for you.
are looking
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.He barnstormed across the southern states ________________ woo the voters.
他在南方各州做巡回演说，企图拉选票。
in an attempt to
2.Some scientists _______________________________________ that aliens existed in
space.
一些科学家宣称他们找到了外星人在太空存在的一些证据。
claimed that they had found some evidence
3.____________________, John didn't notice the evening approaching.
约翰全神贯注于绘画,没有注意到夜晚的来临。
Absorbed in painting
4.After hearing the bad news that I didn't pass the exam, she
__________________________.
听到我考试不及格的坏消息后,她吃惊地瞪着我。
5._______________________ and we were excited the whole night.
这则令人激动的消息传来了,我们激动了整整一晚上。
stared at me in astonishment
The exciting news came
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Sue and Johnsy were friends and they lived in an apartment. 1._____________
（fortunate）, Johnsy suffered from pneumonia and lay in the bed, staring 2.____ the
small window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven...” She said weakly
she must go when the last leaf fell. The doctor told Sue 3.____________（encourage）
Johnsy to think more 4.________（hope） thoughts about the future and about living.
Then Sue went to fetch Behrman, who was a 5.______（fail） painter, to be a model
for her drawing and told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the leaves.
Unfortunately
out
to encourage
hopeful
failed
After the 6.________（beat） rain and fierce wind that had endured the night,
there was still one leaf. And after another terrible night, it was still there. Johnsy lay
for a long time looking at 7.___. Then she asked for some food and wanted
8._______（live）. With the help of the doctor and Sue, Johnsy was out of danger.
But the bad news was that Behrman 9._____（die）. And they knew the secret
10._____ the last leaf was just a painting, drawn by Behrman on that terrible night.
beating
it
to live
died
that
单句填空
1.（2022·新高考 Ⅰ）All the assignments will ____________（submit） by the
assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
be submitted
2.（2023·浙江1月）I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings.
Still, she made no attempt ______（fly）.
to fly
3.（2022·北京）For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring ___ this wall that
faced me.
at
4.（2021·全国甲）Even worse, the study found that girls act on that ______
（believe）： Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children
who are “really, really smart”.
belief
5.（2022·天津）I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone's watch to tell us
the time, we all ________（count） down and I dropped a tennis ball!
counted
6.（2021·浙江1月）Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other
animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf ________
（remain）.
remains
7.（2020·天津）I've heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found
you _________（charm） and intelligent as well.
charming
