Unit 8 Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文,了解主人公沉入海底,被神奇的“鲸”结构物体救起的故事。(语言能力,文化意识)
2.通过分析课文结构,了解文章大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.基础单词
1. vi. & vt.扫;打扫;扫去;卷走;冲走
2. vi. & vt.徘徊;闲逛;漫步于
3. vi. & vt.延伸;绵延;(使)变大;(使)变松;拉长
4. n.湾;海湾
5. n. 一瞥;很快的一看 vi.一瞥;看一眼
6. n.海浪;波涛;(行为、活动或感情的)一阵;风潮vi. & vt.挥动;摆动;挥手
7. vi. & vt.下沉;沉没
8. n.轻易;毫不费劲
9. vt.攫取;抓住
10. adv.然而;不过;尽管如此
11. vi. & vt.(使)淹死;(使)溺毙
12. vi. & vt.打;击;撞;突然发生不幸 n.罢工;打击
13. n.胸部;胸膛
14. n.生物(尤指人);诞生;出现;存在
15. n.武器;兵器;凶器
16. vi.&vt.(使)弹起;(使)反弹
17. n.钢;钢铁
18. adj.固体的;坚硬的
19. n.黎明;破晓
答案 1.sweep 2.wander 3.stretch 4.bay
5.glance 6.wave 7.sink 8.ease 9.grab
10.nevertheless 11.drown 12.strike 13.chest
14.being 15.weapon 16.bounce 17.steel
18.solid 19.daybreak
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. adj.(河、湖等)结冰的;冷冻的;冷藏的→ adj.冰冻的;严寒的→ v.冰冻
2. adj.持续的;不间断的;连续的→ v.持续;继续存在;不断发生
3. adj.闪亮的;闪光的→ v.闪烁;闪耀
4. n.诗人→ n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→ n.诗;韵文
5. adj.空的;未被占用的→ n.(职位的)空缺;空职;空额;(旅馆等的)空房
6. adj.强烈的;暴力的;强暴的→ n.暴力;暴行→ adv.猛烈地;厉害地;强烈地
7. n.绝望;拼命;不顾一切→ adj.绝望的;拼命的→ adv.拼命地;绝望地
8. n.维护;保护;保持;维持;保存→ vt.保存;保鲜
9. adj.不省人事的;失去知觉的→ adj.有知觉的;有意识的→ adv.有意识地
10. adv.明显地;显然→ n.根据;证据→ adj.明显的;清楚的
11. adj.擦亮的;磨光的;精湛的;精致的→ v.擦光;磨光;修改;润饰
12. n.建筑物;建造物;建造;建筑→ vt.建设;修建
答案 1.frozen;freezing;freeze 2.continuous;continue 3.sparkling;sparkle 4.poet;poetry;poem 5.vacant;vacancy 6.violent;violence;violently 7.desperation;desperate;desperately
8.preservation;preserve 9.unconscious;conscious;consciously 10.evidently;evidence;evident 11.polished;polish 12.construction;construct
Step 2 短语记诵
1. desperation 绝望
2.struggle 反抗
3.so as 以便;为了
4.hold 紧紧抓住
5. ease 轻松地
6.as well 和……一样
7.keep sb 使某人浮起;使某人不倒下
8.depend 依赖
9.respond 回应
10.wake 醒来
11.be made 由……组成
12.a series 一系列
答案 1.in 2.against 3.to 4.onto 5.with
6.as 7.up 8.on 9.to 10.up 11.of 12.of
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. (so...that...句式)
翻译 那次撞击太猛烈了,以至于我记不清自己是怎么从船上掉下来的。
仿写 The elephants were they were able to answer some math questions.
这些大象如此聪明,它们可以回答一些数学问题。
2.“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. (as if引导表语从句)
翻译 “救命啊!救命啊!”康塞尔喊道。我似乎听到有人回应。
仿写 This meat tastes .
这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。
答案 1.so clever that 2.as if it has already gone bad
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 36-37 and then put the events in the right order.
A.There was a crash and the professor,who was the narrator,fell from his boat.
B.The professor was unconscious, but then he woke up and saw his friend Ned, the Canadian.
C.Conseil supported the professor and stopped the professor from drowning.
D.The professor learnt that he was above a metal “island” and then he was drawn down into it by eight men coming from inside.
E.The professor sank and swam towards the boat,crying for help.
F.A hard body struck the professor.He held onto it and felt that he was being drawn up.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 AECFBD
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 36-37 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What's the relationship between the professor and Conseil
A.Colleagues. B.Opponents. C.Master and servant. D.Teacher and student.
2.What kind of person is Conseil
A.Brave, calm, ambitious.
B.Cool, calm, faithful.
C.Timid, selfish, cruel.
D.Cool, positive, devoted.
3.The creature refers to .
A.a whale B.metal plates C.a solid body D.an underwater boat
4.Where do you think the continuation(续篇) of the story happened
A.Inside the underwater boat.
B.Under the sea.
C.On metal plates.
D.Inside a whale.
答案 1~4 CBDA
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 frozen adj. (河、湖等)结冰的;冷冻的;冷藏的 *freezing adj.结冰的;极冷的 n.冰点 *freeze v.结冰;(使)冻结
(牛津词典)Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground.
冻土上很快就形成了一层厚厚的积雪。
知识拓展
be frozen to death 被冻死
below/above freezing point 冰点以下/上
freeze (sb) to death (把某人)冻死
经典佳句
Standing outside in the cold the whole night, he was frozen.
整晚站在寒风中,他冻坏了。
It is freezing in this room. Put the fire on!
这屋子里冷冰冰的。生上火吧!
融会应用 单句填空
(1)For this purpose, select ripe bananas for (freeze) as they are much sweeter.
(2)Two men were (freeze) to death on the mountain.
(3)The (freeze) temperature of alcohol is much lower than that of water.
答案 (1)freezing (2)frozen (3)freezing
知识点2 sweep vt. & vi. (swept, swept)扫;打扫;扫去;卷走;冲走
(P34)The only other sound's the sweep of easy wind and downy flake.
此处只有轻风拂雪片,再也听不见其他声音。
知识拓展
sweep away 完全打消;消灭;彻底消除
sweep aside 对……置之不理;不理会;全然无视
sweep out 打扫干净;清扫干净(房间等)
sweep up 横扫;打扫;快速地抱起
经典佳句
All their advice was swept aside.
他们所有的忠告全被当成了耳边风。
Any doubts had long since been swept away.
一切怀疑早已彻底消除。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)After class we were asked to sweep the dead leaves in a pile.
(2)We would like to be able to sweep those harmful rumours.
答案 (1)up (2)away
知识点3 wander v.漫游;游荡;闲逛;徘徊;走神 *wanderer n.流浪者
(牛津词典)She wandered aimlessly around the streets.
她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
知识拓展
wander off 漫步;漫游;离群走散
wander about/around 徘徊;流浪;漫步
wander from 离题
图解释义
He was wandering around the pyramid, wondering how on earth this wonder was built.
他在金字塔四周徘徊,想知道这座奇观究竟是怎样建成的。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Instead of going straight,they always wander to one side or the other.
(2)Don't let your mind wander the main point.
(3)He loves to wander the beach to show his muscles.
答案 (1)off (2)from (3)about/around
知识点4 stretch vi. & vt.延伸;绵延;(使)变大;(使)变松;拉长 n.伸展;舒展
(牛津词典)Is there any way of stretching shoes
有什么办法能把鞋撑大吗
知识拓展
stretch oneself 伸懒腰;竭尽全力
stretch out 躺下;伸出;伸展
stretch over 横跨;延伸
stretch to 延伸;足够买
at full stretch 竭尽全力;以最大财力物力
经典佳句
Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see.
放眼望去,田野山丘绵延不绝。
Flexibility training,including gymnastics and Tai Chi,helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement.
体操和太极拳等柔韧性训练有助于拉伸肌肉,加大身体活动范围。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)In fact, if all the bookshelves in the library were laid end to end, they would !
事实上,如果将图书馆里所有的书架一个接一个地排列,它们将绵延超过五百英里!
(2)He wondered about it as he .
当他舒展身体的时候,他在想着这件事。
(3)She to provide for the family.
她竭尽全力养活一家人。
答案 (1)stretch over 500 miles (2)stretched his body (3)stretched herself
知识点5 wave n.海浪;波涛;挥手vi. & vt.挥动;摆动;挥手
(牛津词典)Huge waves were breaking on the shore.
巨浪拍打着海岸。
知识拓展
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
wave to/at sb=give sb a wave 向某人挥手
熟词生义
wave n.(行为、活动的)爆发;风潮
The huge success of this kind of phone made the wave of touch screen application to an unprecedented height.
这种手机的巨大成功使得触摸屏的应用风潮达到一个前所未有的高度。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She refused my suggestion a wave of her hand.
(2)He gave us wave as the bus drove away.
(3)The policeman waved to the driver (stop).
(4)I waved goodbye him, but he ignored me.
答案 (1)with (2)a (3)to stop (4)to
知识点6 desperation n.绝望;拼命;不顾一切 *desperate adj. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的 *desperately adv.绝望地;不顾一切地;拼命地
(P36)“Help, help!” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation.
“救命啊,救命啊!”我大喊着,绝望地朝船游去。
知识拓展
in desperation 绝望地;不顾一切地
be desperate about 对……感到绝望
be desperate for 极想要
be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事
经典佳句
In desperation, she called Louise and asked her for help.
在走投无路的情况下,她给路易丝打了个电话请她帮忙。
The sudden loss of his money made him desperate.
突然丢钱使他很绝望。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The man in the river (desperate) tried to reach the side.
(2)He was desperate work to provide food for his children.
(3)He is desperate (pursue) his career as an artist.
答案 (1)desperately (2)for (3)to pursue
知识点7 sink vi.& vt.(sank,sunk)下沉;沉没
(P36)I was sinking!I couldn't breathe!
我要沉下去了!我不能呼吸了!。
知识拓展
sink into 渗入;陷入;沉入;进入
sink back 重重地往后坐下
sink to 沉到;堕落到
经典佳句
It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dry earth.
要使雨水渗入干土需要一些时间。
On its first voyage, the big ship hit an iceberg and then sank to the bottom of the sea.
在第一次航行时,这艘大船撞上了一座冰山,然后沉到了海底。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)On the voyage, the ship was attacked and (sink).
(2)The kids watched as the coin sank the bottom of the pool.
答案 (1)sank (2)to
知识点8 ease vt.& vi.减轻;缓解 vt.使容易 n.容易;舒适;自在 *easy adj. 容易的;舒适的 *easily adv. 不费力地;容易地
(P36)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀,主人会游得轻松很多。
知识拓展
take one's ease 休息;安心
at ease 舒适;快活;自由自在
put sb at ease 使某人感到轻松自在;使某人安心
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去放松
with ease 容易地;毫不费劲地
ease sb of... 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
for ease of以便
ease the tension 缓和紧张的情绪
ease one's mind 使放心
图解释义
When you feel nervous, you'd better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.
当你感到紧张时,你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松一下。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Now he can set his mind because he has passed the examination .
现在他可以放心了,因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。
(2)I don't in this strange place.
在这个陌生的地方,我觉得很不自在。
(3)This medicine will .
这种药会缓解你的痛苦。
答案 (1)at ease;with ease (2)feel at ease (3)ease you of your pain
知识点9 preservation n.维护;保护;保持;维持;保存 *preserve vt.维护;保留;保存;保护 n.(某人或群体活动、工作等的)专门领域;保护区
(P36)Conseil had to keep me up, and our preservation depended on him alone.
康塞尔不得不托着我,保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
知识拓展
preserve...from...保护……免受……
be well/strictly preserved被很好/严格地保存
经典佳句
The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.
这些绘画保存得非常好。
In this nature preserve, all the rare plants are well-preserved.
在这个自然保护区中,所有的稀有植物都保存良好。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)They were determined to preserve their leader harm.
(2)At that time it was difficult to have one's body (preserve) after his or her death.
(3)The paintings there are an especially important discovery because they are so numerous and so well (preserve).
答案 (1)from (2)preserved (3)preserved
知识点10 strike v.(struck, stricken)打;击;撞;突然发生不幸;侵袭;突然想起;猛地意识到;划(火柴);给……留下印象;(时钟)敲 n.罢工;打击
(P37)At this moment a hard body struck me.
就在这时,一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
知识拓展
be struck by/on/with... 被……打动;迷恋……
strike sb in/on+the+身体部位 击打某人某处
be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
图解释义
撞;碰 罢工
融会应用 写出下列句子中strike的意思
(1)The stone struck him in the eye.
(2)A good idea struck me.
(3)She strikes me as a very efficient person.
(4)The clock struck twelve.
(5)The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.
(6)The bus drivers' strike stopped all traffic.
答案 (1)打击;撞击 (2)突然想起;猛地意识到
(3)给……留下印象 (4)(时钟)敲 (5)划(火柴) (6)罢工
知识点11 evidently adv.明显地;显然 *evident adj.明显的;显然的;清楚的 *evidence n.证据;证明
(P37)It was evidently a hard, solid body.
显然,这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
知识拓展
be evident to sb 对某人来说(某事)是显而易见的
It is evident to sb that... 某人十分清楚……
It is evident that... 显然……
on the evidence of... 依据……来看
(be) in evidence 显眼;显而易见
图解释义
The mother was evidently very happy to receive her daughter's gift.
收到女儿的礼物,妈妈显然非常开心。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)It has now become (evidence) to us that a mistake has been made.
(2)He was released when the judge ruled there was no (evident) against him.
(3)She should have been here two hours ago so she's (evident) decided not to come after all.
答案 (1)evident (2)evidence (3)evidently
短 语 句 式
知识点12 work out计算出;解决;制定出;想出;锻炼
(牛津词典)Let's be practical and work out the cost first.
咱们实际一点儿,先计算一下成本费用。
知识拓展
work out the math problem 计算出数学题
work out a plan 制订一个计划
work out at the gym 在健身房锻炼
work out well 有好结果;进展顺利
work on 从事;忙于;致力于
图解释义
keep fit by working out work out the math problem
通过锻炼来保持健康 计算出数学题
名师点拨
work out意为“锻炼”时为不及物动词短语;work out意为“计算出;解决”时为及物动词短语。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中work out 的含义
(1)We must work out a good idea to have a cheap holiday.
(2)You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible.
(3)It's so difficult that we can't work out the math problem.
(4)The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.
Ⅱ.同义句改写
(5)What's more, the more you take exercise, the healthier you will become.
→What's more, the more you , the healthier you will become.
答案 (1)想出 (2)制订出 (3)计算出 (4)锻炼 (5)work out
知识点13 struggle against同……做斗争;与……抗争
(P36)My mouth filled with water; I struggled against being drawn deeper, deeper down.
海水灌进我的嘴里,我挣扎着不被淹没。
知识拓展
struggle to do...努力做……;挣扎着做……
struggle with ...(for...) (为争取……而)与……做斗争
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
图解释义
To get across the park, I had to struggle against the bad weather.
为了穿过公园,我必须与恶劣的天气做斗争。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Because a college community differs from the family, many students will struggle (find) a sense of belonging.
(2)We have to struggle all kinds of difficulties.
(3)She struggled her feet and continued walking.
答案 (1)to find (2)with/against (3)to
知识点14 hold onto紧紧抓住;坚持
(P36)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀,主人会游得轻松很多。
知识拓展
hold back 阻止;妨碍;抑制(情感等);隐瞒
hold on 等一等(别挂电话);(在困境或危险中)坚持
hold down 压住;按住;限制
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
hold out 伸出;坚持;维持
hold up 举起;阻挡;耽搁
hold one's head high 趾高气扬
get/catch/take hold of 抓住
经典佳句
It was so windy that the girl had to hold onto her hat all the way.
风如此大以至于那个女孩不得不一路抓紧帽子。
No one can hold back the development of technology.
没有人能阻止科技的发展。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)They were ready to hold a friendly hand.
(2)His car was held in the traffic jam,so he was late for the party.
(3)When he left the telephone to find a pencil,he asked me to hold .
(4)Jim held his anger and avoided a fight.
(5)I think he's holding something ;he knows more than he admits.
(6)He was struggling to hold a rock on the face of the cliff.
答案 (1)out (2)up (3)on (4)back (5)back (6)onto
知识点15 so...that...
(P36)The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
那次撞击太猛烈了,以至于我记不清自己是怎么从船上掉下来的。
知识拓展
句中so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。
so that+从句(常包含can/may/might/should等情态动词),主要用来引导目的状语从句,意为“以便;为了”。
so that引导结果状语从句,其前常有逗号。
so放在句首时,这时句子要用倒装语序,以示强调。
They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes.
他们给了他很多卡片以至于他们填满了几个大箱子。
I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常发现自己告诉妈妈要开得更慢一点,这样我就能读懂我们经过的所有路标了。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)The weather was I wouldn't like to leave my room.
天太冷了,我不想离开房间。
(2)So fast he that he was far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快, 以至于远远领先于其他人。
(3)She stayed at home take care of her mother.
她待在家里是为了能够照顾她的母亲。
(4)Anne is that I can't help eating everything she makes.
安妮是个很棒的厨师,我忍不住吃她做的所有东西。
答案 (1)so cold that (2)did; run (3)so that she could (4)such a good cook
知识点16 as if引导表语从句
(P36)“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.
“救命啊!救命啊!”康塞尔喊道。我似乎听到有人回应。
知识拓展
本句中的as if 引导表语从句,常置于系动词look、seem、feel、sound等之后。
(1)as if/though可引导表语从句和状语从句。若表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去完成时;若表示与将来事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
(2)如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符,则使用陈述语气。
(3)as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式,后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。
It looked as if it had been spray-painted.
它看起来好像是被喷过漆的。
They treat me as if I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The patient opened his mouth as if (say) something.
(2)He stared at me as if (see) me for the first time.
(3)Jackie looks after his younger sister as if he (be) an adult.
(4)He talks about Hong Kong as if he (be) there before.
答案 (1)to say (2)seeing (3)were (4)had been
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.A fresh egg (sink) and an old egg will float.
2.We'd better consider all the possibilities in advance before we work the plan.
3.I (wander) in the street when I met my neighbour by chance.
4.A highly (polish) metal surface flashes back light like a mirror.
5.The pop star walked out of the stage, (wave) her hands elegantly to her crazy fans.
6.He ran away from the enemy (desperate) at midnight.
7.The moment the lights went off, the man (grab) the jewels he was searching for on the counter.
8.I can remember our first trip to the Mount Tai as if it yesterday.
9.Most of his adult life has been a struggle debt and misfortune.
答案 1.will sink 2.out 3.was wandering 4.polished 5.waving 6.desperately 7.grabbed 8.were 9.against
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.He ran we all couldn't catch up with him.
他跑得很快,以至于我们都追不上他。
2.Yesterday morning I got up late for school.
昨天早晨我起得那么晚,上学都迟到了。
3. the world were coming to an end.
仿佛世界末日即将来临。
4.We overestimated the distance, so we still after our walk.
我们对距离估计过长,所以我们走完后还剩下一些时间。
5. , we thought it was too expensive.(though 引导的倒装句)
虽然那条项链很漂亮,但我们认为它太昂贵了。
答案 1.so quickly that 2.so late as to be 3.It seemed as if 4.have some time left 5.Beautiful though the necklace was
Ⅲ.创新活动(选做题)
翻译下列诗歌
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
by Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
雪夜林畔小驻
作者:罗伯特·弗罗斯特
我想我认得这座森林,
尽管林主就住在前村,
却看不见我在此歇马,
看他林中积雪的美景。
我的小马一定很惊讶,
周围望不见什么人家,
竟在一年最暗的黄昏,
寒林和冰湖之间停下。
马儿摇响身上的串铃,
问我这地方该不该停。
此外只有轻风拂雪片,
再也听不见其他声音。
森林又暗又深真可羡,
但是我已经有约在先,
还要赶多少路才安眠,
还要赶多少路才安眠。
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·浙江1月)One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog (wander)on the road, clearly lost.
2.(2023·浙江1月)A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it.It was a hummingbird(蜂鸟), (desperate) trying to escape.
3.(2020·新高考Ⅰ)Many of their families were struggling (make) ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
4.(2020·江苏)He said that he had heard the calls (preserve) the boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
5.(2021·浙江1月)Any small interruption—a price check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding an entire line.
6.(2023·浙江1月)Take it (ease), Sarah. Let me call her home number. Oh, there she is.
7.(2020·北京)But Smith (strike) mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.
8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)David insisted on running as if he (forget) all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers.
答案 1.wandering 2.desperately 3.to make
4.to preserve 5.up 6.easy 7.was struck 8.had forgotten
2(共75张PPT)
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
1.通过分析课文，了解主人公沉入海底，被神奇的“鲸”结构物体救起的故事。（语言能力,文化意识）
2.通过分析课文结构，了解文章大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.基础单词
1._______ vi. & vt.扫;打扫;扫去;卷走;冲走
sweep
2.________ vi. & vt.徘徊;闲逛;漫步于
wander
3._______ vi. & vt.延伸;绵延;（使）变大;（使）变松;拉长
stretch
4._____ n.湾;海湾
bay
5._______ n. 一瞥;很快的一看 vi.一瞥;看一眼
glance
6.______ n.海浪;波涛;（行为、活动或感情的）一阵;风潮vi. & vt.挥动;摆动;挥手
wave
7._____vi. & vt.下沉;沉没
sink
8._____ n.轻易;毫不费劲
ease
9._____ vt.攫取;抓住
grab
10.____________adv.然而;不过;尽管如此
nevertheless
11._______ vi. & vt.（使）淹死;（使）溺毙
drown
12.______ vi. & vt.打;击;撞;突然发生不幸 n.罢工;打击
strike
13.______n.胸部;胸膛
chest
14.______n.生物（尤指人）;诞生;出现;存在
being
15.________ n.武器;兵器;凶器
weapon
16._______ vi.&vt.（使）弹起;（使）反弹
bounce
17._____ n.钢;钢铁
steel
18.______adj.固体的;坚硬的
solid
19._________ n.黎明;破晓
daybreak
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1._______ adj.（河、湖等）结冰的；冷冻的；冷藏的→________ adj.冰冻的；严寒的
→_______ v．冰冻
frozen
freezing
freeze
2.__________ adj.持续的；不间断的；连续的→_________ v.持续;继续存在;不断发生
continuous
continue
3._________ adj.闪亮的；闪光的→_______ v.闪烁;闪耀
sparkling
sparkle
4._____ n.诗人→_______ n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→______ n.诗;韵文
poet
poetry
poem
5._______ adj.空的；未被占用的→________ n.（职位的）空缺;空职;空额;（旅馆等的）
空房
vacant
vacancy
6._______ adj.强烈的；暴力的；强暴的→________n.暴力；暴行→_________ adv.猛
烈地；厉害地；强烈地
violent
violence
violently
7.___________n.绝望；拼命；不顾一切→_________ adj.绝望的；拼命的
→___________adv.拼命地；绝望地
desperation
desperate
desperately
8.____________ n.维护；保护；保持；维持；保存→________ vt.保存；保鲜
preservation
preserve
9.____________adj.不省人事的；失去知觉的→__________adj.有知觉的；有意识的
→___________ adv.有意识地
unconscious
conscious
consciously
10._________ adv.明显地；显然→_________n.根据；证据→________ adj.明显的；清
楚的
evidently
evidence
evident
11.________ adj.擦亮的；磨光的；精湛的；精致的→_______ v.擦光;磨光;修改;润饰
polished
polish
12.____________ n.建筑物；建造物；建造；建筑→_________ vt.建设；修建
construction
construct
1.___desperation 绝望
in
2.struggle _______ 反抗
against
3.so as ___ 以便；为了
to
4.hold _____ 紧紧抓住
onto
5._____ ease 轻松地
with
6.as well ___ 和……一样
as
7.keep sb____ 使某人浮起；使某人不倒下
up
8.depend ____ 依赖
on
9.respond ___ 回应
to
10.wake ____ 醒来
up
11.be made ___ 由……组成
of
12.a series ___ 一系列
of
1.The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
（so...that...句式）
翻译 那次撞击太猛烈了，以至于我记不清自己是怎么从船上掉下来的。
仿写 The elephants were _____________they were able to answer some math questions.
这些大象如此聪明,它们可以回答一些数学问题。
so clever that
2.“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. （as if引
导表语从句）
翻译 “救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎听到有人回应。
仿写 This meat tastes___________________________.
这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。
as if it has already gone bad
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 36-37 and then put the events in the right order.
A.There was a crash and the professor,who was the narrator,fell from his boat.
B.The professor was unconscious, but then he woke up and saw his friend Ned, the Canadian.
C.Conseil supported the professor and stopped the professor from drowning.
D.The professor learnt that he was above a metal “island” and then he was drawn
down into it by eight men coming from inside.
E.The professor sank and swam towards the boat,crying for help.
F.A hard body struck the professor. He held onto it and felt that he was being drawn
up.
__________
AECFBD
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 36-37 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What's the relationship between the professor and Conseil ( )
C
A.Colleagues. B.Opponents.
C.Master and servant. D.Teacher and student.
2.What kind of person is Conseil ( )
B
A.Brave, calm, ambitious. B.Cool, calm, faithful.
C.Timid, selfish, cruel. D.Cool, positive, devoted.
3.The creature refers to ___.
D
A.a whale B.metal plates C.a solid body D.an underwater boat
4.Where do you think the continuation（续篇） of the story happened ( )
A
A.Inside the underwater boat. B.Under the sea.
C.On metal plates. D.Inside a whale.
核 心 单 词
知识点1 frozen adj. （河、湖等）结冰的；冷冻的；冷藏的＊freezing adj.结冰的；极冷的 n.冰点＊freeze v.结冰；（使）冻结
（牛津词典）Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground.
冻土上很快就形成了一层厚厚的积雪。
be frozen to death 被冻死
below/above freezing point 冰点以下/上
freeze （sb） to death （把某人）冻死
Standing outside in the cold the whole night, he was frozen.
整晚站在寒风中，他冻坏了。
It is freezing in this room. Put the fire on!
这屋子里冷冰冰的。生上火吧！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）For this purpose, select ripe bananas for ________（freeze） as they are much
sweeter.
freezing
（2）Two men were _______（freeze） to death on the mountain.
frozen
（3）The ________（freeze） temperature of alcohol is much lower than that of
water.
freezing
知识点2 sweep vt. & vi. （swept， swept）扫；打扫；扫去；卷走；冲走
（P34）The only other sound's the sweep of easy wind and downy flake.
此处只有轻风拂雪片，再也听不见其他声音。
sweep away 完全打消；消灭；彻底消除
sweep aside 对……置之不理；不理会；全然无视
sweep out 打扫干净;清扫干净（房间等）
sweep up 横扫；打扫；快速地抱起
融会应用 单句填空
（1）After class we were asked to sweep ____ the dead leaves in a pile.
up
（2）We would like to be able to sweep ______ those harmful rumours.
away
All their advice was swept aside.
他们所有的忠告全被当成了耳边风。
Any doubts had long since been swept away.
一切怀疑早已彻底消除。
知识点3 wander v. 漫游；游荡；闲逛；徘徊；走神＊wanderer n. 流浪者
（牛津词典）She wandered aimlessly around the streets.
她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
wander off 漫步；漫游；离群走散
wander about/around 徘徊；流浪；漫步
wander from 离题
He was wandering around the pyramid, wondering how on earth this wonder was built.
他在金字塔四周徘徊，想知道这座奇观究竟是怎样建成的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Instead of going straight,they always wander ____to one side or the other.
off
（2）Don't let your mind wander ______the main point.
from
（3）He loves to wander ____________the beach to show his muscles.
about/around
知识点4 stretch vi. & vt. 延伸；绵延；（使）变大；（使）变松；拉长 n. 伸展；舒展
（牛津词典）Is there any way of stretching shoes
有什么办法能把鞋撑大吗
stretch oneself 伸懒腰；竭尽全力
stretch out 躺下；伸出；伸展
stretch over 横跨；延伸
stretch to 延伸；足够买
at full stretch 竭尽全力；以最大财力物力
Fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see.
放眼望去，田野山丘绵延不绝。
Flexibility training，including gymnastics and Tai Chi，helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement.
体操和太极拳等柔韧性训练有助于拉伸肌肉，加大身体活动范围。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）In fact, if all the bookshelves in the library were laid end to end, they would
_____________________!
事实上，如果将图书馆里所有的书架一个接一个地排列，它们将绵延超过五百英里！
stretch over 500 miles
（2）He wondered about it as he _________________.
当他舒展身体的时候，他在想着这件事。
stretched his body
（3）She _______________ to provide for the family.
她竭尽全力养活一家人。
stretched herself
知识点5 wave n.海浪；波涛；挥手vi. & vt.挥动；摆动；挥手
（牛津词典）Huge waves were breaking on the shore.
巨浪拍打着海岸。
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
wave to/at sb=give sb a wave 向某人挥手
wave n.（行为、活动的）爆发；风潮
The huge success of this kind of phone made the wave of touch screen application to an unprecedented height.
这种手机的巨大成功使得触摸屏的应用风潮达到一个前所未有的高度。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She refused my suggestion _____a wave of her hand.
with
（2）He gave us___ wave as the bus drove away.
a
（3）The policeman waved to the driver ________（stop）.
to stop
（4）I waved goodbye ___him, but he ignored me.
to
知识点6 desperation n.绝望；拼命；不顾一切＊desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的＊desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地；拼命地
（P36）“Help, help!” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation.
“救命啊，救命啊!”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
be desperate about 对……感到绝望
be desperate for 极想要
be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事
In desperation, she called Louise and asked her for help.
在走投无路的情况下，她给路易丝打了个电话请她帮忙。
The sudden loss of his money made him desperate.
突然丢钱使他很绝望。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The man in the river ___________（desperate） tried to reach the side.
desperately
（2）He was desperate ____work to provide food for his children.
for
（3）He is desperate __________（pursue） his career as an artist.
to pursue
知识点7 sink vi. & vt.（sank，sunk）下沉；沉没
（P36）I was sinking! I couldn't breathe!
我要沉下去了！我不能呼吸了！。
sink into 渗入；陷入；沉入；进入
sink back 重重地往后坐下
sink to 沉到；堕落到
It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dry earth.
要使雨水渗入干土需要一些时间。
On its first voyage, the big ship hit an iceberg and then sank to the bottom of the sea.
在第一次航行时，这艘大船撞上了一座冰山，然后沉到了海底。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）On the voyage, the ship was attacked and _____（sink）.
sank
（2）The kids watched as the coin sank ___ the bottom of the pool.
to
知识点8 ease vt. & vi. 减轻；缓解 vt. 使容易 n. 容易；舒适；自在 ＊easy adj. 容易的；舒适的＊easily adv. 不费力地；容易地
（P36）If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀,主人会游得轻松很多。
take one's ease 休息；安心
at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
put sb at ease 使某人感到轻松自在；使某人安心
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去放松
with ease 容易地；毫不费劲地
ease sb of... 减轻某人的（痛苦、负担等）
for ease of以便
ease the tension 缓和紧张的情绪
ease one's mind 使放心
When you feel nervous， you'd better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.
当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松一下。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Now he can set his mind ________because he has passed the examination
__________.
现在他可以放心了，因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。
at ease
with ease
（2）I don't ____________in this strange place.
在这个陌生的地方，我觉得很不自在。
feel at ease
（3）This medicine will _____________________.
这种药会缓解你的痛苦。
ease you of your pain
知识点9 preservation n. 维护；保护；保持；维持；保存＊preserve vt.维护；保留；保存；保护 n.（某人或群体活动、工作等的）专门领域；保护区
（P36）Conseil had to keep me up, and our preservation depended on him alone.
康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
preserve...from...保护……免受……
be well/strictly preserved 被很好/严格地保存
The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.
这些绘画保存得非常好。
In this nature preserve, all the rare plants are well-preserved.
在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）They were determined to preserve their leader ______harm.
from
（2）At that time it was difficult to have one's body _________（preserve） after his
or her death.
preserved
（3）The paintings there are an especially important discovery because they are so
numerous and so well _________（preserve）.
preserved
知识点10 strike v.（struck， stricken）打；击；撞；突然发生不幸；侵袭；突然想起；猛地意识到；划（火柴）；给……留下印象；（时钟）敲 n. 罢工；打击
（P37）At this moment a hard body struck me.
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
be struck by/on/with... 被……打动；迷恋……
strike sb in/on+the+身体部位 击打某人某处
be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
撞;碰
罢工
融会应用 写出下列句子中 strike 的意思
（1）The stone struck him in the eye.____________
打击；撞击
（2）A good idea struck me.______________________
突然想起；猛地意识到
（3）She strikes me as a very efficient person.________________
给……留下印象
（4）The clock struck twelve.____________
（时钟）敲
（5）The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.____________
划（火柴）
（6）The bus drivers' strike stopped all traffic.______
罢工
知识点11 evidently adv. 明显地；显然＊evident adj.明显的；显然的；清楚的＊evidence n. 证据；证明
（P37）It wasevidently a hard, solid body.
显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
be evident to sb 对某人来说（某事）是显而易见的
It is evident to sb that... 某人十分清楚……
It is evident that... 显然……
on the evidence of... 依据……来看
（be） in evidence 显眼；显而易见
The mother was evidently very happy to receive her daughter's gift.
收到女儿的礼物，妈妈显然非常开心。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It has now become ________ （evidence） to us that a mistake has been made.
evident
（2）He was released when the judge ruled there was no _________（evident）
against him.
evidence
（3）She should have been here two hours ago so she's_________（evident）
decided not to come after all.
evidently
短 语 句 式
知识点12 work out 计算出；解决；制定出；想出；锻炼
（牛津词典）Let's be practical andwork out the cost first.
咱们实际一点儿,先计算一下成本费用。
work out the math problem 计算出数学题
work out a plan 制订一个计划
work out at the gym 在健身房锻炼
work out well 有好结果；进展顺利
work on 从事；忙于；致力于
keep fit by working out
通过锻炼来保持健康
work out the math problem
计算出数学题
work out 意为“锻炼”时为不及物动词短语;work out意为“计算出;解决”时为及物动词短语。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中work out 的含义
（1）We must work out a good idea to have a cheap holiday.______
想出
（2）You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible.________
制订出
（3）It's so difficult that we can't work out the math problem.________
计算出
（4）The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.______
锻炼
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（5）What's more, the more you take exercise, the healthier you will become.
→What's more, the more you _________, the healthier you will become.
work out
知识点13 struggle against 同……做斗争；与……抗争
（P36）My mouth filled with water; I struggled against being drawn deeper, deeper down.
海水灌进我的嘴里，我挣扎着不被淹没。
struggle to do...努力做……；挣扎着做……
struggle with ...（for...） （为争取……而）与……做斗争
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
To get across the park, I had to struggle against the bad weather.
为了穿过公园，我必须与恶劣的天气做斗争。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Because a college community differs from the family, many students will
struggle _______（find） a sense of belonging.
to find
（2）We have to struggle ___________all kinds of difficulties.
with/against
（3）She struggled___her feet and continued walking.
to
知识点14 hold onto 紧紧抓住；坚持
（P36）If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
hold back 阻止；妨碍；抑制（情感等）；隐瞒
hold on 等一等（别挂电话）；（在困境或危险中）坚持
hold down 压住；按住；限制
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
hold out 伸出；坚持；维持
hold up 举起；阻挡；耽搁
hold one's head high 趾高气扬
get/catch/take hold of 抓住
It was so windy that the girl had to hold onto her hat all the way.
风如此大以至于那个女孩不得不一路抓紧帽子。
No one can hold back the development of technology.
没有人能阻止科技的发展。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）They were ready to hold ____a friendly hand.
out
（2）His car was held ____in the traffic jam,so he was late for the party.
up
（3）When he left the telephone to find a pencil,he asked me to hold ____.
on
（4）Jim held _____his anger and avoided a fight.
back
（5）I think he's holding something _____;he knows more than he admits.
back
（6）He was struggling to hold _____a rock on the face of the cliff.
onto
知识点15 so...that...
（P36）The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
那次撞击太猛烈了，以至于我记不清自己是怎么从船上掉下来的。
句中so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
so that+从句（常包含can/may/might/should等情态动词），主要用来引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了”。
so that引导结果状语从句，其前常有逗号。
so放在句首时，这时句子要用倒装语序，以示强调。
They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes.
他们给了他很多卡片以至于他们填满了几个大箱子。
I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常发现自己告诉妈妈要开得更慢一点，这样我就能读懂我们经过的所有路标了。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The weather was ____________ I wouldn't like to leave my room.
天太冷了，我不想离开房间。
so cold that
（2）So fast ____ he ____ that he was far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快， 以至于远远领先于其他人。
did
run
（3）She stayed at home _________________ take care of her mother.
她待在家里是为了能够照顾她的母亲。
so that she could
（4）Anne is _________________ that I can't help eating everything she makes.
安妮是个很棒的厨师，我忍不住吃她做的所有东西。
such a good cook
知识点16 as if 引导表语从句
（P36）“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.
“救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎听到有人回应。
本句中的as if 引导表语从句，常置于系动词look、seem、feel、sound等之后。
（1）as if/though 可引导表语从句和状语从句。若表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去完成时;若表示与将来事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
（2）如果as if/though 引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符,则使用陈述语气。
（3）as if/though 引导的从句可用省略形式,后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。
It looked as if it had been spray-painted.
它看起来好像是被喷过漆的。
They treat me as if I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The patient opened his mouth as if _______（say） something.
to say
（2）He stared at me as if _______（see） me for the first time.
seeing
（3）Jackie looks after his younger sister as if he ______（be） an adult.
were
（4）He talks about Hong Kong as if he _________（be） there before.
had been
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.A fresh egg _________（sink） and an old egg will float.
will sink
2.We'd better consider all the possibilities in advance before we work ____the plan.
out
3.I ______________（wander） in the street when I met my neighbour by chance.
was wandering
4.A highly ________（polish） metal surface flashes back light like a mirror.
polished
5.The pop star walked out of the stage,________（wave） her hands elegantly to her
crazy fans.
waving
6.He ran away from the enemy ___________（desperate） at midnight.
desperately
7.The moment the lights went off, the man ________（grab） the jewels he was
searching for on the counter.
grabbed
8.I can remember our first trip to the Mount Tai as if it ______yesterday.
were
9.Most of his adult life has been a struggle _______debt and misfortune.
against
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.He ran ______________ we all couldn't catch up with him.
他跑得很快，以至于我们都追不上他。
so quickly that
2.Yesterday morning I got up _______________ late for school.
昨天早晨我起得那么晚，上学都迟到了。
so late as to be
3._______________ the world were coming to an end.
仿佛世界末日即将来临。
It seemed as if
4.We overestimated the distance, so we still ___________________ after our walk.
我们对距离估计过长，所以我们走完后还剩下一些时间。
have some time left
5._______________________________, we thought it was too expensive.（though 引导
的倒装句）
虽然那条项链很漂亮，但我们认为它太昂贵了。
Beautiful though the necklace was
Ⅲ.创新活动（选做题）
翻译下列诗歌
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
by Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though；
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
But I have promises to keep，
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
雪夜林畔小驻
作者:罗伯特·弗罗斯特
我想我认得这座森林,
尽管林主就住在前村,
却看不见我在此歇马,
看他林中积雪的美景。
我的小马一定很惊讶,
周围望不见什么人家,
竟在一年最暗的黄昏,
寒林和冰湖之间停下。
马儿摇响身上的串铃,
问我这地方该不该停。
此外只有轻风拂雪片,
再也听不见其他声音。
森林又暗又深真可羡,
但是我已经有约在先,
还要赶多少路才安眠,
还要赶多少路才安眠。
单句填空
1.（2022·浙江1月）One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog
__________（wander）on the road, clearly lost.
wandering
2.（2023·浙江1月）A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was
a hummingbird（蜂鸟）, ___________（desperate） trying to escape.
desperately
3.（2020·新高考Ⅰ）Many of their families were struggling _________（make） ends
meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
to make
4.（2020·江苏）He said that he had heard the calls ___________（preserve） the
boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
to preserve
5.（2021·浙江1月）Any small interruption—a price check, a chatty customer—can
have downstream effects, holding____an entire line.
up
6.（2023·浙江1月）Take it _____（ease）, Sarah. Let me call her home number. Oh,
there she is.
easy
7.（2020·北京）But Smith ___________（strike） mainly by the fact that she didn't
truly grasp any of the skills the author described.
was struck
8.（2022·新高考Ⅰ）David insisted on running as if he _____________（forget） all
his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers.
had forgotten
