(共36张PPT)
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
Section Ⅳ Writing Workshop,Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文章大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
1.____________n.延续；继续部分
continuation
2._______prep.&adv.在（船，飞机，火车）上；上（船，飞机，火车）
aboard
3.________n.水手；海员；水兵
seaman
4.________vt.安慰；抚慰 n.舒适感；满足感
comfort
5.__________adj.情感的；情绪的；敏感的；情绪激动的
emotional
6._______n.学者；有学问的人
scholar
7._______n.毒药；毒素；毒物 vt.毒害；毒杀
poison
8._______v.原谅；宽恕；饶恕
9.______adj.崇高的；高尚的；贵族的
forgive
noble
1.________________认为……理所当然
take...for granted
2._______________用低沉的声音
in a deep voice
3.________和……一样
as with
4.__________沉默地
in silence
5._______________为了……起见
for the sake of
6._______________在黑暗中
in the darkness
1.I couldn't say where I was, nor could I imagine.（nor引起的部分倒装）
翻译 我说不出我在哪里，也无法想象我在哪里。
仿写 Lily can't ride a bicycle，_____________.
莉莉不会骑自行车,露西也不会。
nor can Lucy
2.Then came the soundof a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.（完全倒
装）
翻译 接着传来沉重的开门声，两个水手出现了。
仿写 John opened the door and there ____________ he had never seen before.
约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的女生。
stood a girl
核 心 单 词
知识点1 aboard prep. & adv. 在（船、飞机、火车）上；上（船、飞机、火车）
（P40）We were aboard the machine now, and I shook with cold in the darkness.
我们现在登上了那台机器，我在黑暗中冷得发抖。
go aboard=go on board 登上（船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等）
All aboard! （口）请大家上船/飞机/公共汽车/火车！
on board 在船/飞机/公共汽车/火车上
All go aboard the bus! Our bus is leaving.
请大家上车！我们的车马上就要开了。
The plane is taking off. All aboard!
飞机就要起飞了，请大家登机！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Let's go ____board now to avoid the last-minute rush.
on
（2）By the time I rushed to the train station, he _________（go） aboard.
had gone
知识点2 survive vi.生存；存活；继续存在 vt.幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过 ＊survivor n.幸存者；生还者；挺过困难者 ＊survival n.生存；存活；幸存；残存物
（P40）We have survived worse than this!
我们经历过比这更糟糕的情况！
A survive（s） B by +一段时间 A比B多活……
survive sth 幸免于；艰难度过……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from... 从……存活下来
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors in the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.
在地震中幸存下来后，这个老人成了这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
survive作及物动词时，本身表示“幸免于；艰难度过”，因而其宾语前不需要再加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）After all, not everyone has realised that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and
most importantly, equal rights __________（survive）．
to survive
（2）Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely ____ discarded
food.
on
（3）The management objectives of the business can be summarized as________
（survive），development and profitability.
survival
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·广东广雅中学月考）Perhaps the most difficult challenge is
____________________________.
也许最难的挑战是如何在没有朋友的情况下生存。
how to survive without friends
知识点3 comfort vt.宽慰；抚慰n.舒适；安慰 ＊comfortable adj.舒服的；安逸的 ＊comfortably adv.舒适地
（P40）I did not completely believe the words I said, but I knew they would comfort Ned and Conseil.
我不完全相信我说的话,但我知道这些话会安慰内德和康塞尔。
in comfort 舒适地;放松地
be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
It's a comfort to do sth 做……是令人安慰的事
give comfort to sb=comfort sb 安慰某人
My parents often comfort me with some inspiring words.
我的父母经常用一些鼓舞人心的话来安慰我。
The man is working hard to make his family live in comfort.
为了使家人舒适地生活，这个人拼命地干活。
comfort作“舒适;安慰”讲时,为不可数名词；但作“令人安慰的人或事物”讲时,则是可数名词,其前常出现不定冠词a。类似的词还有success、failure、surprise、joy等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He had to save enough money so that he could live ___________
（comfortable）.
comfortably
（2）Were it not for science,we could not live a ___________（comfort） life.
comfortable
（3）My mom always _________（comfort） me when I am sick.
comforts
（4）A cup of hot milk on a cold night is ___real comfort.
a
知识点4 forgive v.（forgave， forgiven）原谅；宽恕；饶恕 ＊forgiveness n.宽恕
（P44）Even though I forgive you personally, for the sake of the honour of my family I cannot accept your apology.
即使我个人原谅你，为了我家人的荣誉，我也不能接受你的道歉。
forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌；既往不咎
forgive sb for （doing） sth 原谅某人（做）某事
forgive me 请原谅我；对不起
ask/beg/pray for （sb's） forgiveness 请求（某人的）宽恕
The kitty has forgiven its owner for hugging other cats.
小猫原谅主人抱了别的猫。
forgive 强调不怀有丝毫怨恨的原谅，强调内心的宽恕
excuse 指原谅较轻微的过错、失礼等，不涉及处理或惩罚
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Please forgive me____interrupting,but I really don't agree with that.
for
（2）Forgive others,and you _______________（forgive）.
will be forgiven
（3）Later,in the hospital,Henderson saw his friend. He apologized and asked for
___________（forgive）.
forgiveness
短 语 句 式
知识点5 take... for granted 认为……理所当然
（柯林斯词典）I came into adult life clueless about a lot of things that most people take for granted.
我已成年,却对许多大部分人认为是理所当然的事情一窍不通。
take it/things easy 放轻松；别紧张；从容（指心理上）
take one's time不匆忙；别着急
take...seriously认真对待……
Friends play an important part in our lives, although we may take friendship for granted.
朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，尽管我们可能认为友谊是理所当然的。
Most teachers take their jobs very seriously.
大多数老师都很认真地对待他们的工作。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
我对明天的全国英语演讲比赛感到很紧张。
—____________.
放松些。
Take it easy
（2）_______________—it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
别着急,从这儿到餐馆只有很短一段距离。
Take your time
（3）Don't joke with Linda;she ______________________________.
不要和琳达开玩笑,她对待每件事都过于认真。
takes everything far too seriously
（4）We shouldn't __________________________________________________________.
我们不能认为父母给孩子钱是理所当然的。
take it for granted that parents should give their children money
知识点6 部分倒装
（P40）I couldn't say where I was, nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里，也无法想象我在哪里。
本句为“nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成的部分倒装结构。
（1）“nor/neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成倒装句型,意为“……也不这样”,表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况（否定情况）。
（2）“so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成倒装句型,意为“……也是如此”,表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况（肯定情况）。
（3）“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,意为“……的确如此”,表示说话人同意对方的观点或对上文内容加以强调或肯定。
（4）如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定,或者有两个谓语时,就用句型So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）—His boss is not satisfied with the disappointing result.
他的老板对这个令人失望的结果不满意。
—__________________.
汤姆也不满意。
Nor/Neither is Tom
（2）My brother saw the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ during the Spring Festival,
and _________.
我哥哥在春节期间看了电影《流浪地球2》,我也是。
so did I
（3）—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。
—_________ and ___________.
他的确如此,你也是。
So he is
so are you
（4）He is very clever but he doesn't work hard; __________________his
sister/____________ his sister.
他很聪明,但不努力,他姐姐也是这样。
it is the same with
so it is with
知识点7 完全倒装
（P40）Then came the sound of a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.
接着传来沉重的开门声，两个水手出现了。
（1）out、in、into、down、up、away、then、now、here、there等表示方位和时间的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装。
（2）当作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前时,句子也要全部倒装,构成“形容词/分词+系动词+主语”的结构。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着一位年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。
Present at the evening party was our English teacher yesterday.
昨天出席晚会的是我们的英语老师。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We were on our way home, but suddenly down _______（pour） the rain!
poured
（2）Among the crises that face humans ___（be） the lack of natural resources.
is
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）A professor sat in a lecture hall of a university in England.
→In a lecture hall of a university in England ______________.（完全倒装句）
sat a professor
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The May number of the magazine will contain an exciting ____________（继续部
分） of the story.
continuation
2.All of us got _______（上船）， though the boat was crowded.
aboard
3.The new chairs will enable the audience to sit in ________（舒适） while
watching the shows.
comfort
4.His work emphasized the __________（情感的） as well as the physical well-being
of children.
emotional
5.If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off __________（有毒的） gases.
poisonous
6.I shall never _______ （原谅） myself for failing to help you when you were in
danger.
forgive
7.Villagers say the ______ （栅栏） would restrict public access to the hills.
fence
8.He took out a ____________ （手帕） from his pocket and lightly wiped his
mouth.
handkerchief
9.He was an upright and ______ （高尚的） man who was always willing to help in
any way he could.
noble
10.Over the next few years he distinguished himself as a leading constitutional
_______ （学者）．
scholar
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.He did his best to give comfort ___ the unfortunate man.
to
2.The two cities are __________ （connect） with each other by a newly built
railway.
connected
3.He listened in_______ （silent） as his friend emphasised his remarks.
silence
4.For the sake of historical accuracy, please permit us ________ （state） the true
facts.
to state
5.She offered him __________ （emotion） and practical support in countless ways.
emotional
6.Several buildings in the town _____________（survive） from medieval times.
have survived
7.There are plans to build a ____________（continue） of the bypass next year.
continuation
8.Don't take anything for ________ （grant）. We have to provide for every
unexpected event.
granted
9.We all need __________（forgive） others, because we all stumble and fall and
require help from others after failure.
to forgive
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.____________________ broke the window just now.
刚刚是保罗打破了窗户。
It was Paul who/that
2.In __________________ and the meeting began.
主席进来了，会议开始了。
came the chairman
3.I ___________________ his father about music, and his father offered some
suggestions.
我听见他在和他的父亲聊音乐，他的父亲提供了一些建议。
heard him talking to
4.These journeys________________ that many of the world's species were on the
brink of extinction.
这些旅行使他意识到世界上许多物种正处于灭绝的边缘。
made him realise
5.We shouldn't _______________________________and instead cherish it and give
back.
我们不能把家人的爱当作是理所当然的，应该珍惜并给予回报。
take our family's love for grantedUnit 8 Section Ⅳ Writing Workshop,Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文章大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,学习能力)
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. n.延续;继续部分
2. prep.&adv.在(船,飞机,火车)上;上(船,飞机,火车)
3. n.水手;海员;水兵
4. vt.安慰;抚慰 n.舒适感;满足感
5. adj.情感的;情绪的;敏感的;情绪激动的
6. n.学者;有学问的人
7. n.毒药;毒素;毒物 vt.毒害;毒杀
8. v.原谅;宽恕;饶恕
9. adj.崇高的;高尚的;贵族的
答案 1.continuation 2.aboard 3.seaman
4.comfort 5.emotional 6.scholar 7.poison
8.forgive 9.noble
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 认为……理所当然
2. 用低沉的声音
3. 和……一样
4. 沉默地
5. 为了……起见
6. 在黑暗中
答案 1.take...for granted 2.in a deep voice
3.as with 4.in silence 5.for the sake of 6.in the darkness
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.I couldn't say where I was, nor could I imagine.(nor引起的部分倒装)
翻译 我说不出我在哪里,也无法想象我在哪里。
仿写 Lily can't ride a bicycle, .
莉莉不会骑自行车,露西也不会。
2.Then came the sound of a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.(完全倒装)
翻译 接着传来沉重的开门声,两个水手出现了。
仿写 John opened the door and there he had never seen before.
约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的女生。
答案 1.nor can Lucy 2.stood a girl
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 aboard prep. & adv. 在(船、飞机、火车)上;上(船、飞机、火车)
(P40)We were aboard the machine now, and I shook with cold in the darkness.
我们现在登上了那台机器,我在黑暗中冷得发抖。
知识拓展
go aboard=go on board 登上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)
All aboard! (口)请大家上船/飞机/公共汽车/火车!
on board 在船/飞机/公共汽车/火车上
经典佳句
All go aboard the bus! Our bus is leaving.
请大家上车!我们的车马上就要开了。
The plane is taking off. All aboard!
飞机就要起飞了,请大家登机!
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Let's go board now to avoid the last-minute rush.
(2)By the time I rushed to the train station, he (go) aboard.
答案 (1)on (2)had gone
知识点2 survive vi.生存;存活;继续存在 vt.幸存;幸免于难;艰难度过 *survivor n.幸存者;生还者;挺过困难者 *survival n.生存;存活;幸存;残存物
(P40)We have survived worse than this!
我们经历过比这更糟糕的情况!
知识拓展
A survive(s) B by +一段时间 A比B多活……
survive sth 幸免于;艰难度过……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from... 从……存活下来
经典佳句
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors in the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.
在地震中幸存下来后,这个老人成了这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一,他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
名师点拨
survive作及物动词时,本身表示“幸免于;艰难度过”,因而其宾语前不需要再加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)After all, not everyone has realised that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights (survive).
(2)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely discarded food.
(3)The management objectives of the business can be summarized as (survive),development and profitability.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·广东广雅中学月考)Perhaps the most difficult challenge is .
也许最难的挑战是如何在没有朋友的情况下生存。
答案 (1)to survive (2)on (3)survival (4)how to survive without friends
知识点3 comfort vt.宽慰;抚慰n.舒适;安慰 *comfortable adj.舒服的;安逸的 *comfortably adv.舒适地
(P40)I did not completely believe the words I said, but I knew they would comfort Ned and Conseil.
我不完全相信我说的话,但我知道这些话会安慰内德和康塞尔。
知识拓展
in comfort 舒适地;放松地
be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
It's a comfort to do sth 做……是令人安慰的事
give comfort to sb=comfort sb 安慰某人
经典佳句
My parents often comfort me with some inspiring words.
我的父母经常用一些鼓舞人心的话来安慰我。
The man is working hard to make his family live in comfort.
为了使家人舒适地生活,这个人拼命地干活。
名师点拨
comfort作“舒适;安慰”讲时,为不可数名词;但作“令人安慰的人或事物”讲时,则是可数名词,其前常出现不定冠词a。类似的词还有success、failure、surprise、joy等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He had to save enough money so that he could live (comfortable).
(2)Were it not for science,we could not live a (comfort) life.
(3)My mom always (comfort) me when I am sick.
(4)A cup of hot milk on a cold night is real comfort.
答案 (1)comfortably (2)comfortable
(3)comforts (4)a
知识点4 forgive v.(forgave, forgiven)原谅;宽恕;饶恕 *forgiveness n.宽恕
(P44)Even though I forgive you personally, for the sake of the honour of my family I cannot accept your apology.
即使我个人原谅你,为了我家人的荣誉,我也不能接受你的道歉。
知识拓展
forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌;既往不咎
forgive sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive me 请原谅我;对不起
ask/beg/pray for (sb's) forgiveness 请求(某人的)宽恕
图解释义
The kitty has forgiven its owner for hugging other cats.
小猫原谅主人抱了别的猫。
易混辨析
forgive 强调不怀有丝毫怨恨的原谅,强调内心的宽恕
excuse 指原谅较轻微的过错、失礼等,不涉及处理或惩罚
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Please forgive me interrupting,but I really don't agree with that.
(2)Forgive others,and you (forgive).
(3)Later,in the hospital,Henderson saw his friend.He apologized and asked for (forgive).
答案 (1)for (2)will be forgiven (3)forgiveness
短 语 句 式
知识点5 take... for granted 认为……理所当然
(柯林斯词典)I came into adult life clueless about a lot of things that most people take for granted.
我已成年,却对许多大部分人认为是理所当然的事情一窍不通。
知识拓展
take it/things easy 放轻松;别紧张;从容(指心理上)
take one's time不匆忙;别着急
take...seriously认真对待……
经典佳句
Friends play an important part in our lives, although we may take friendship for granted.
朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用,尽管我们可能认为友谊是理所当然的。
Most teachers take their jobs very seriously.
大多数老师都很认真地对待他们的工作。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
我对明天的全国英语演讲比赛感到很紧张。
— .
放松些。
(2) —it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
别着急,从这儿到餐馆只有很短一段距离。
(3)Don't joke with Linda;she .
不要和琳达开玩笑,她对待每件事都过于认真。
(4)We shouldn't
_______________________________________________________________________________
我们不能认为父母给孩子钱是理所当然的。
答案 (1)Take it easy (2)Take your time (3)takes everything far too seriously (4)take it for granted that parents should give their children money
知识点6 部分倒装
(P40)I couldn't say where I was, nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里,也无法想象我在哪里。
知识拓展
本句为“nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成的部分倒装结构。
(1)“nor/neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成倒装句型,意为“……也不这样”,表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(否定情况)。
(2)“so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”构成倒装句型,意为“……也是如此”,表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。
(3)“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,意为“……的确如此”,表示说话人同意对方的观点或对上文内容加以强调或肯定。
(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定,或者有两个谓语时,就用句型So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)—His boss is not satisfied with the disappointing result.
他的老板对这个令人失望的结果不满意。
— .
汤姆也不满意。
(2)My brother saw the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ during the Spring Festival, and .
我哥哥在春节期间看了电影《流浪地球2》,我也是。
(3)—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。
— and .
他的确如此,你也是。
(4)He is very clever but he doesn't work hard; his sister/ his sister.
他很聪明,但不努力,他姐姐也是这样。
答案 (1)Nor/Neither is Tom (2)so did I (3)So he is;so are you (4)it is the same with;so it is with
知识点7 完全倒装
(P40)Then came the sound of a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.
接着传来沉重的开门声,两个水手出现了。
知识拓展
(1)out、in、into、down、up、away、then、now、here、there等表示方位和时间的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装。
(2)当作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前时,句子也要全部倒装,构成“形容词/分词+系动词+主语”的结构。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着一位年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。
Present at the evening party was our English teacher yesterday.
昨天出席晚会的是我们的英语老师。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We were on our way home, but suddenly down (pour) the rain!
(2)Among the crises that face humans (be) the lack of natural resources.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)A professor sat in a lecture hall of a university in England.
→In a lecture hall of a university in England .(完全倒装句)
答案 (1)poured (2)is (3)sat a professor
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The May number of the magazine will contain an exciting (继续部分) of the story.
2.All of us got (上船), though the boat was crowded.
3.The new chairs will enable the audience to sit in (舒适) while watching the shows.
4.His work emphasized the (情感的) as well as the physical well-being of children.
5.If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off (有毒的) gases.
6.I shall never (原谅) myself for failing to help you when you were in danger.
7.Villagers say the (栅栏) would restrict public access to the hills.
8.He took out a (手帕) from his pocket and lightly wiped his mouth.
9.He was an upright and (高尚的) man who was always willing to help in any way he could.
10.Over the next few years he distinguished himself as a leading constitutional (学者).
答案 1.continuation 2.aboard 3.comfort 4.emotional 5.poisonous 6.forgive 7.fence
8.handkerchief 9.noble 10.scholar
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.He did his best to give comfort the unfortunate man.
2.The two cities are (connect) with each other by a newly built railway.
3.He listened in (silent) as his friend emphasised his remarks.
4.For the sake of historical accuracy, please permit us (state) the true facts.
5.She offered him (emotion) and practical support in countless ways.
6.Several buildings in the town (survive) from medieval times.
7.There are plans to build a (continue) of the bypass next year.
8.Don't take anything for (grant). We have to provide for every unexpected event.
9.We all need (forgive) others, because we all stumble and fall and require help from others after failure.
答案 1.to 2.connected 3.silence 4.to state 5.emotional 6.have survived 7.continuation
8.granted 9.to forgive
Ⅲ.单句写作
1. broke the window just now.
刚刚是保罗打破了窗户。
2.In and the meeting began.
主席进来了,会议开始了。
3.I his father about music, and his father offered some suggestions.
我听见他在和他的父亲聊音乐,他的父亲提供了一些建议。
4.These journeys that many of the world's species were on the brink of extinction.
这些旅行使他意识到世界上许多物种正处于灭绝的边缘。
5.We shouldn't and instead cherish it and give back.
我们不能把家人的爱当作是理所当然的,应该珍惜并给予回报。
答案 1.It was Paul who/that 2.came the chairman 3.heard him talking to 4.made him realise 5.take our family's love for granted
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