(共108张PPT)
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化单词、短语和句式，并学以致用。（学习
能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，学会运用情态动词的用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.拓展单词
1._______ vt.使恼怒；使生气→________ adj.生气的；烦恼的→_________ adj.令人烦
恼的；讨厌的→__________ n.烦恼
2._____________ n. 不便；麻烦→____________n.方便；便利→__________ adj.便利
的；方便的；就近的→____________ adj.不便利的；不方便的
3._________adj.内疚的；惭愧的→_______n.羞耻；羞愧→_________ adj.可耻的；丢脸
的→__________ adj.无耻的
annoy
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
inconvenience
convenience
convenient
inconvenient
ashamed
shame
shameful
shameless
4.__________n.抱怨；投诉；控告→_________v.抱怨；发牢骚
5._______ vt. 解决（问题、困难）→__________n. 决定； 解决
6.________ n. 警告；警示；告诫→______ v. 警告；告诫；提醒注意
7._________n.离开；起程→_______v.离开；离去
8.__________ adj. 有偏见的；有成见的；歧视的→_________n.偏见；成见
9.________adj.和蔼可亲的；礼貌而友善的→________ n.快乐；令人高兴的事
→________ adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→________adj.令人满意的
complaint
complain
resolve
resolution
warning
warn
departure
depart
prejudiced
prejudice
pleasant
pleasure
pleased
pleasing
10.________n.暴力行为；暴力→_______adj.猛烈的；剧烈的；强暴的→_________adv.
猛烈地；剧烈地
11.________vt.容忍；忍受→_________ n.宽容→________ adj.宽容的；容忍的
→_________ adj.尚好的；过得去的；可忍受的→__________ adj.不容忍的；不耐的
12.____________ adj. 无提防之心的；无疑心的→________v.觉得；怀疑n.犯罪嫌疑人
violence
violent
violently
tolerate
tolerance
tolerant
tolerable
intolerable
unsuspecting
suspect
Ⅱ.短语快记
1.hit the road ____________
2.give sb a warning ________________
3.once too ______再三
4.drive sb _____使某人发疯
5.wet through __________
6.take action __________
7.go _____ to normal恢复正常
出发；上路
给某人一个警告
often
mad
浑身湿透
采取行动
back
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.（双重否定结构）
One international study found that 84% of people say they
________________________________________.
一项国际研究发现，84%的人说他们一天都离不开手机。
couldn't go a day without their smartphones
2.McKay's wife， Laurene said that， while McKay is usually a peaceful and
pleasant person， he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet
just once too often.（while引导让步状语从句）
_________________________________， it can also be overcome.
虽然世界充满苦难，但是苦难也是可以战胜的。
While the world is full of suffering
3.We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers， when suddenly so much
water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our
clothes on!（be doing... when...句式）
One morning， I __________________________ I found a man sitting on the bench
reading newspapers.
一天早晨，我正步行上学，突然发现一个男人坐在凳子上看报纸。
was walking to school when
核心单词
知识点1 negotiate vi.&vt.谈判；协商 ＊negotiation n.谈判；协商；磋商 ＊negotiator n.谈判代表；协商者
（牛津词典）We have been negotiating for more pay.
我们一直在为增加工资进行协商。
知识拓展
negotiate about （for） sth 就某事进行交涉
negotiate with sb 与某人进行交涉（以达成协议）
negotiate a deal/contract 达成交易/确定合同
（be） in negotiation with sb over sth 与某人协商某事
under negotiation在协商中
经典佳句
What really matters is a sound business plan，access to capital，and good management and negotiating skills.
真正重要的是一个完备的商业计划、获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
Throughout the negotiations， Tom and Jack took opposite views.
整个谈判过程中，汤姆和杰克持有的观点是对立的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The two countries are negotiating _________ a peaceful settlement.
（2）They have decided to negotiate _____ the boss about their wage claims.
about/for
with
知识点2 inquire vi.&vt.询问； 打听；调查 ＊inquiry n.询问；打听；
调查
（P109）Please give me your account number， sir， and I'll inquire and make sure the issue is resolved as soon as possible.
先生，请把您的账号给我，我会尽快询问并确保问题得到解决。
知识拓展
inquire into 调查
inquire about 询问；查问；打听
inquire after 问候；问起某人的健康
inquire sth of sb 向某人打听（或询问、了解）
经典佳句
He called them several times to inquire about job possibilities.
他给他们打了几次电话打听就业的可能性。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Do you mind inquiring ______ your salary
（2）They determined to inquire thoroughly _____ the matter.
（3）Elsie called to inquire _____ my health.
about
into
after
知识点3 annoying adj.令人讨厌的；恼人的 ＊annoyed adj.恼怒的；烦恼的 ＊annoyance n.恼怒；生气；烦恼 ＊annoy vt.骚扰；使恼怒
（牛津词典）This interruption is very annoying.
这样打岔令人讨厌。
知识拓展
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事而烦恼；对某事感到恼怒
be annoyed with sb 被某人惹恼；生某人的气
be annoyed that 因……生气
be annoyed to do sth 做……感到生气
（much） to one's annoyance 令某人烦恼的是；令某人生气的是
经典佳句
It annoyed me to be kept waiting so long.
让我等了这么久，真使我生气。
Nothing could have been more annoying
没有什么能比这更恼人的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I bet he was annoyed ________ having to write it out again.
（2）The noisy traffic is a continual __________（annoy）.
（3）His mother was annoyed _____ him for being so rude to their neighbors.
at/about
annoyance
with
Ⅱ.一句多译
（4）让我烦恼的是，我没有时间阅读更多的东西。
→_____________ that I don't have time to do more reading.
→______________ that I don't have time to do more reading.
→I am annoyed not _____________ to do more reading.
→_________________， I don't have time to do more reading.
It annoys me
I am annoyed
to have time
To my annoyance
知识点4 inconvenience n.不便；麻烦 ＊convenience n.便利；方便；便利的事物或设施 ＊convenient adj.方便的；便利的 ＊inconvenient adj.不方便的
（牛津词典）I have already been put to considerable inconvenience.
我已经被添了相当多的麻烦了。
知识拓展
for convenience 为了方便起见
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
It is convenient （for sb） to do sth.（对某人而言）做某事方便。
be convenient for 对……来说方便
经典佳句
We apologize for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused.
我们对此次延误表示歉意并对它可能造成的不便表示遗憾。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）In a word， if we had such a magic watch， our life would become more of
____________（convenient）.
（2）These meals can be prepared in advance， and served ___ your convenience.
（3）We bought this house ____ convenience； it's near shops.
（4）It is more convenient ___________（transport） the goods by train.
convenience
at
for
to transport
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）The high-speed train has ________________________________________________
_____.
高铁让他们回家更方便了。
made it much more convenient for them to go back home
（6）_________________________， can you pick him up at the airport at 11：30
am
如果方便的话，你可以在上午11：30到机场去接他吗？
If it is convenient for you
知识点5 detect v.发现；察觉（尤指不易察觉到的事物） ＊detection n.侦查；发现；发觉 ＊detective n.侦探 ＊detector n.探测器；侦察器
＊detectable adj.可检测的；可发现的
（牛津词典）The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth.
牙医检查了她的牙，没有发现龋齿。
知识拓展
detect sb in doing sth 发现某人正在做某事（坏事）
经典佳句
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
这些检查旨在及早发现疾病。
The report advocated all buildings should be fitted with smoke detectors.
这份报告主张所有建筑物都应安装烟雾探测器。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He was detected in ________（cheat） in the exam.
（2）The _________（detect） was trying to winkle information out of her.
（3）Last year the _________（detect） rate for car theft was just 13%.
cheating
detective
detection
知识点6 somewhat adv.有点；有几分 ＊somehow adv.以某种方式；不知怎么地 ＊anyhow adv.（也作 anyway）无论如何；不管怎样
（牛津词典）The situation has changed somewhat since we last met.
自我们上次见面以来，情况有了些变化。
经典佳句
I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by their food.
我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。
That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.
那种做法把石块变得有点儿像车轮。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It wasn't quite the right colour， but I _______________________.
虽然颜色不那么适合，但我还是买了。
（2）I think he's right but _______________________________.
我想他是对的，但不知为什么我不是完全有把握。
（3）Their swimming pool is _________________________.
他们的游泳池比我们的游泳池稍微深一些。
bought it anyway/anyhow
somehow I'm not completely sure
somewhat deeper than ours
知识点7 ashamed adj.羞愧的；惭愧的 ＊shame n.羞耻；惭愧；让人遗憾的事 ＊shameless adj.无耻的 ＊shamed adj.丢脸的；可耻的；不体面的
（牛津词典）Her husband felt ashamed at her behaviour.
她的丈夫对她的行为感到羞愧。
知识拓展
be/feel ashamed of （doing） sth 因（做了）某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth 因尴尬而不愿做……
be ashamed that... 对……感到 内疚
It's a shame that... 让人遗憾的是……
What a shame/pity! 真可惜！
经典佳句
Don't be ashamed of speaking poor English. Don't be ashamed of being laughed at. The only real shame is that you never open your mouth.
不要因为英语说得差而感到羞愧。不要因为被人嘲笑而感到羞愧。唯一真正让人羞愧的是你从不开口说。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She was ashamed _______ （ask） such a simple question.
（2）You should be ashamed ___ having told a lie to her.
（3）______a shame! She should fail this round.
to ask
of
What
知识点8 pack vi.&vt.收拾（行李）；（把……）打包 n.包；包裹
＊unpack v.打开；从（箱、包等中）取出
（P30）Ma Ming， a drummer for the rock band “Storm”， had to pack his bags.
“暴风雨”摇滚乐队的鼓手马明不得不收拾自己的行李。
知识拓展
pack up 把……打包；收拾（行李）
be packed with 挤满
a pack of things 一盒东西
a pack of people 一群人
经典佳句
After breakfast， I pack my bag and set out again.
早饭后，我收拾好行李又出发了。
The girl went to the supermarket and bought a pack of gums.
这个女孩去超市买了一盒口香糖。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It is the first time that I have packed ____ my things for a holiday.
（2）The bus was _______（pack） with tourists.
（3）We avoided ___ pack of journalists waiting outside.
up
packed
a
知识点9 complaint n.抱怨；投诉；控告 ＊complain v.抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉
（P30）He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
在邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静之后，他搬出了租住的公寓。
知识拓展
complain （to sb） of/about （doing） sth （向某人）投诉/抱怨（做）某事；（向某人）发牢骚
complain （to sb） that... （向某人）抱怨……
make a complaint 抱怨；投诉
经典佳句
The manager complained to us that there had been too many complaints from customers this month.
经理向我们抱怨这个月顾客的投诉太多了。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She often complains ______ not feeling appreciated at work.
（2）Neighbors complained ___ the police about the dog barking.
（3）The most common __________ （complain） is about poor service.
about
to
complaint
知识点10 vote n.票数；投票；表决 v.投票；选举；表决；提议
（P30）We took a vote， and came to a resolution.
我们进行了表决，达成了一项决议。
知识拓展
vote sb sth 选出/推举某人担任某职务； 表决为某人提供某物
vote for 投票赞成
vote against 投票反对
vote on 就……投票表决
put sth to the vote 把某事交付表决
经典佳句
If there is an election in your area，you should go and vote.
如果你所居住的地区进行选举，你应该去参加投票。
A person has the right to vote， whether the person is male or female.
一个人，无论是男是女，都拥有选举权。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）For example，a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote____
him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.
（2）Fearing that most of the citizens voted_______ him，he wore a smile.
（3）We had no choice but to put it ___the vote.
for
against
to
知识点11 warning n.警告；告诫 ＊warn v.警告；告诫；提醒注意
（P30）We gave Ma Ming a warning.
我们给了马明一个警告。
知识拓展
warn sb of/about sth 警告/提醒某人注意某事
warn sb against sb 警告某人提防某人
warn sb （not） to do sth 告诫某人（不要）做某事
warn sb against （doing） sth 警告某人不要做某事
经典佳句
We've just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.
我们刚才在广播里听到一则警报：一场飓风可能会到来。
The police warned us against pickpockets.
警察提醒我们要提防小偷。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He warned us________ the serious situation that we were confronted with.
（2）The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall
without ________（warn）.
（3）My father， who lived down the road，also warned people not_________
（shoot） the bird.
of/about
warning
to shoot
知识点12 edge n.边缘；外围；优势
（P30）Anyhow， I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.
不管怎样，我现在在城市边缘找一所偏僻的房子。
知识拓展
on edge 紧张不安的；烦躁的
at the edge of 靠近……的边缘
on the edge of 在……边缘上；快要
on the edge of one's seat 极为激动
经典佳句
We stood at the water's edge and looked at the beautiful lake.
我们站在水边眺望美丽的湖泊。
Training can give you the edge over your competitors.
培训可以使你比你的竞争者更有优势。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She was a bit ____ edge till she heard he was safe.
（2）I could hear birds whistling ___ the edge of the woods.
（3）Although the old man was ____ the edge of death，he still fought with the
disease bravely.
on
at
on
知识点13 arrest n.逮捕； 拘留； 中止 v.逮捕； 拘留； 阻止
（牛津词典）A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.
一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。
知识拓展
arrest sb for 因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意
under arrest 被捕
make an arrest 进行拘捕
经典佳句
He is said to be under arrest for spreading online rumors.
据说他由于传播网络谣言被捕了。
An unusual painting arrested his attention.
一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）He ____________ （arrest） for abusing his power.
（2）She was ______ arrest two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last
year's election.
was arrested
under
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）The beautiful sunset ____________________， and we couldn't help stopping to
watch it.
美丽的日落吸引了我们的注意力，我们忍不住停下来观看。
arrested our attention
知识点14 violence n.暴力； 暴力行为 ＊violent adj.猛烈的；剧烈的
＊violently adv.猛烈地；剧烈地；暴力地
（P31）McKay's wife， Laurene said that， while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person， he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.
麦凯的妻子劳伦娜说，麦凯通常是一个很平和、愉悦的人，他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。
知识拓展
by/with violence 用暴力
appeal to violence 诉诸暴力
crimes/acts/threats of violence 暴力犯罪/行为/威胁
经典佳句
There has been some violence after the match，but the police are now in control of the situation.
比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。
Those houses were so strongly built that they would keep up in a violent earthquake.
那些房屋被建造得很坚固，以至于在强烈的地震中也不会倒塌。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The game was overshadowed ____ violence.
（2）That country tried to appeal ________ violence in seizing the land of its
neighboring country.
by
violence
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）__________________carry heavy penalties.
暴力罪行要承受严厉的惩罚。
Crimes of violence
知识点15 tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 ＊tolerant adj.忍受的；容忍的；宽容的 ＊tolerance n.容忍；忍耐力 ＊tolerable adj.过得去的；可容忍的
（P31）He could no longer tolerate it.
他再也忍不下去了。
知识拓展
tolerate （sb） doing sth 容忍（某人）做某事
be tolerant of/towards 对……容忍/宽容
经典佳句
I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be tolerant of that.
我不会容忍我班上的那种行为，没有人会容忍。
名师点拨
表示“忍受”的单词或短语还有stand、bear、put up with等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）If I were her staff，I wouldn't tolerate _____________（scold） by her every
day.
（2）Marley understands that one of the reasons why there are so many problems in
the world is lack of _________（tolerate） between people.
（3）I can't tolerate you _________ （speak） to your mother in such a rude
manner.
being scolded
tolerance
speaking
知识点16 bother vi.&vt.（使）担心；（使）生气；（使）苦恼 n.麻烦；困难
（P31） She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them， but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
她又补充道，其实使得他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯浇花落在他们阳台上的水，还有史密斯清洁鱼缸的方式。
知识拓展
bother sb with sth 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother to do/doing sth 操心做某事
it bothers sb... that... 使某人烦恼的是……
Don't bother. 不用费心了。
put sb to any bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦
图解释义
He always plays the guitar at night， which really bothers me!
他总在晚上弹吉他，这真的打扰到我了！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I didn't want to put you ___ any bother.
（2）It really bothered me _____ he'd forgotten my birthday.
（3）You needn't bother _______________（come） to my office.
to
that
to come/coming
知识点17 recall v.回想；回忆起；召回
（P31） “It was James' birthday，” Laurene recalled.
“那天是詹姆斯的生日，”劳伦娜回忆道。
知识拓展
recall doing sth 回忆起做某事
recall... to... 把……召回到……
recall sth to sb使某人记起某事
经典佳句
John recalled attending school with Mary.
John回想起同Mary一起上学的情景。
The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers.
公司召回了所有有问题的吹风机。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Occasionally， I can still recall her______（go）away without a word.
（2）The story recalled old faces___ my mind.
（3）He was recalled ___ military duty.
going
to
to
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）She could still __________________________________________ clearly.
她还能清晰地记起与他初次见面的场景。
recall the scene of her first meeting with him
短语句式
知识点18 in trouble 处于困境中；有麻烦
（P30）The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in.
当马明搬进来时，邻居们很快意识到他们有麻烦了。
知识拓展
have trouble （in） doing sth/with sth 做某事有困难
get into trouble遇到麻烦；陷入困境
look for trouble 自找麻烦
make trouble for sb 给某人找麻烦
get sb into trouble 使某人遇到麻烦
take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳地做某事
经典佳句
Many people are willing to contribute some money to the people in trouble.
许多人愿意为困境中的人捐献一些钱。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The new president had trouble ________ （deal） with foreign affairs.
（2）He will always come to help me out whenever I am ___ trouble.
（3）The boy got_____ trouble when he left home to live in London.
dealing
in
into
知识点19 双重否定结构
（P30）They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
如果不塞住耳朵，他们就无法放松或看书。
知识拓展
no/not/never...without 的意思是“没有……就不/没有……”，是一种双重否定结构，表达强烈的肯定语气。
常见的双重否定结构还有：
（1）否定词no/not/never等+表示否定意义的形容词
（2）否定词no/not/never等+表示否定意义的动词
（3）否定词not/no/never等+有否定词缀的词
（4）否定词+否定词
He was never unkind.
他总是和蔼可亲。
She never fails to write to her mother every month.
她每个月都给母亲写信。
He was by no means friendless.
他不是孤家寡人。
He doesn't do it for nothing.
他做这件事并不是毫无企图。
Fred and his band couldn't go out anywhere without being followed.
Fred和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
They never meet without quarrelling.
他们每次见面必吵架。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）________ the Communist Party there would be no New China.
（2）Unfortunately， I ______ speak English without making mistakes.
（3）No work is small，and no work is ___________（important）.
Without
never
unimportant
知识点20 be doing...when...
（P31）We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers， when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on!
我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！
知识拓展
本句是“be doing... when...”句型。when在句中作并列连词， 意思是“这时（突然）”， 相当于and then、 and at that time。
when作并列连词， 意思是“这时（突然）”的句型还有:
（1）be about to do/be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时（突然）……
I was about to leave the room when he came in.
我正要离开房间时（突然）他进来了。
（2）had done...when... 刚做完……这时（突然）……
I had just walked out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.
我刚从厨房出来，这时（突然）有人敲门。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）We _________________ he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.
我们正聊着， 突然他就拿着夹克跑开了。
（2）He _____________________________________ suddenly he found the answer.
当他正准备放弃这个问题时，突然他找到了答案。
（3）He ______________________ he bumped into a large cow and fell down.
他还没有走多远就撞上了一头大母牛并摔倒了。
were talking when
was about to give up the question when
had not gone far when
情态动词
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
①The topic of the poem can't be travel.
②It must be something more personal.
③It may be friendship.
④It might be the journey through life.
⑤Li Bai must have had a strange life.
⑥He can't have been interested in a normal life.
⑦He may have died when he fell out of a boat.
⑧You should read the poem sometime.
⑨Could you answer a few questions， please
⑩I told her to stop singing， but she wouldn't listen.
我的发现
（1） 句①～⑦表示推测，其中句⑤～⑦表示对______所发生的事情的推测。
（2）句⑧中的情态动词表示说话人的意愿，意为“______”，句⑨表示______，句⑩表
示______。
过去
应该
请求
意愿
探究点 情态动词的基本用法
一、have to与must
have to一般表示客观原因所引起的“不得不；必须”。其后面接动词原形，但是have to有人称、单复数及时态的变化。
We have to clean our classroom this afternoon.
今天下午我们必须打扫我们的教室。
must一般表示主观上的“必须”，其否定形式mustn't表示“禁止”。以must开头的问句，其否定回答用needn't或don't have to。
—Must I clean the dining room at once
我必须马上打扫餐厅吗
—No, you needn't/No, you don't have to.
不，你不必。
must还有以下用法：
1.表示“非要、偏要”做某事，表达出说话者的一种不满情绪。
—Can I smoke here
我能在这里抽烟吗
—No. Go to the smoking section, if you must.
不能，如果你非要抽烟的话，就去吸烟区吧。
Why must you be talking so loudly when others are sleeping
别人都在睡觉，为什么你偏要这么大声说话
2.表示对具体事情的推测，意为 “一定;肯定”, 语气较强，只用于肯定句中；must have done 意思是“肯定做了某事”，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
Since nobody gave him any help, he must have done the research on his own.
既然没有人给他任何帮助，那他一定是独自完成的这项研究。
二、should 与 ought to
should作为情态动词和ought to在词义上很接近，但should侧重于主观上的“应该”；而 ought to侧重于客观上的“应该”。
You ought to go and see your mother in the hospital tomorrow.
明天你应该到医院去看看你母亲。
I think you should tell your mother the good news.
我认为你应该告诉你妈妈那个好消息。
三、dare的用法
1.dare可用作实义动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句。
Dare you tell her the truth
你敢告诉她真相吗
I don't know whether he dare try.
我不知他是否敢试一试。
I daren't ask her for a raise.
我不敢向她要求加薪。
注意:I dare say 是习惯说法（用于肯定句），并不一定要意为“我敢说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常意为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等，有时用作反语。
I dare say （that） you are right.
我想你是对的。
Oh， you mean to win I dare say you will.
啊，你想赢 我且看你赢吧。
2.dare用作实义动词时意为“敢于”，可以有各种词形变化，可用于各类句型（肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等）。其后多接带 to 的不定式，有时 to 也可省去（尤其是在否定句或疑问句中），可用于非谓语形式、完成时态等。
We must dare to think， speak up and act.
我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。
I wonder how he dares （to） say such things.
我纳闷他怎么敢说出这样的话来。
四、could的用法
1.表示有能力做或能够发生，意为“能；会”。
He couldn't sleep， although he tried to.
尽管他想睡，但他睡不着。
2.表示请求允许或帮助，意为“能；可以”。在疑问句中could语气比can更委婉。注意在回答时不可用could，通常用can。
—Could/Can I use your pen
我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？
—Of course， you can.
当然可以了。
—Could/Can I go home now
我现在可以回家吗？
—Yes， you can.
是的，你可以。
3.表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异或不确定等，常用于疑问句和否定句中。couldn't用来表示由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生，表示“不可能”。couldn't have done意为“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去情况的否定推测。
Could what he said be true
他说的可能是真的吗？
I saw her just now. She couldn't have gone to Sydney.
我刚才看见她了，她不可能去悉尼了。
注意：could have done既可表示对过去的推测，还可表示“过去本可以做某事（而实际上未做）”。
He could have already arrived in Beijing.
他可能已经到了北京。
He could have passed the exam， but he was too careless.
他本可以通过考试，但是他太粗心了。
五、would的用法
1.表示意志、意愿或主观愿望。用于各种人称。
She said she would help me do the housework.
她说她会帮我做家务。
2.表示请求。用于第二人称的疑问句中，would比will语气更加委婉。一般疑问句的肯定回答通常用will。
Would you please give me a hand
请帮我一把，好吗？
3.表示过去的一种习惯、倾向或固有性质等，意为“总是；总会”。
My father would have a walk after supper.
我的父亲（以前）总会晚饭后去散步。
注意：would和used to的区别
（1）would表示过去的习惯性动作，不表示状态；used to可表示过去的习惯性动作和状态。
（2）would所表示的过去的习惯性动作现在依然可能存在；used to所表示的过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态现在已不复存在。
I would go to the library when I was free.
（过去）我有空的时候常常去那个图书馆。（现在有可能还去）
People used to believe that the earth was flat.
过去，人们总认为地球是平的。（现在已不再这样认为）
Father used not to be so forgetful.
父亲过去没这么健忘。（现在很健忘）
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）When he was a child， he _______（will） often go skiing.
（2）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ________________（drink） too much at the
party last night.
（3）Mr Green ____（have） to work on the farm all day.
（4）He _____（have） to look after his younger sister yesterday.
would
must have drunk
has
had
（5）The boy stood before the teacher， not _______（dare） to look up.
（6）It was really annoying； I ________（can） get access to the data bank you
had recommended.
（7）It was so noisy that we ________（can） hear ourselves speak.
（8）I can't find my purse. I _______________（leave） it in the supermarket
yesterday， but I'm not sure.
daring
couldn't
couldn't
could have left
Ⅱ.单句写作
（9）You ____________ anything.
你们什么都不敢说。
（10）I think I _________ get back to work.
我想我应该重新开始工作了。
（11）I _________________ my innermost feelings to anyone.
我不能向任何人表达我内心深处的感情。
dare not say
ought to
could not express
（12）We have _______ adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
（13）______ you ___________ the woods
你敢穿过那片森林吗？
（14）It is the envelope they ______________.
这是大家都不敢拆开的信封。
had to
Dare
go through
dare not open
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.John was studying in his room ______ he heard someone screaming.
2.One should not be bothered __________ his or her personal gains or losses.
3.A large number of people are keen on ________ （dance） to music.
4.The growth of _______ （violence） crime is a real problem.
when
about/with
dancing
violent
5.The escaped prisoner got ________ （arrest） immediately he turned up at the
railway station and was sent to prison again.
6.____ the edge of the jacket， there is a piece of cloth that gives off light in the
dark.
7.Despite objections by the White House，the Senate voted today_______ （cut） off
aid.
8.The _________（annoy） thing about the scheme is that it's confusing.
9.I must apologize for any_____________（convenience） it may have caused you.
arrested
On
to cut
annoying
inconvenience
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.must， can， may， might（包含其否定形式）
（1）I haven't decided where I'm going for my holiday. I __________ go to
Australia.
（2）You've been working all day. You ______ be very tired.
（3）I'm hungry. I ____ eat two bowls of rice now.
（4）Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving， because it
will take his focus off the road.
may/might
must
can
mustn't
（5）—What are you doing， John Why stop
—To be on the safe side， we should fill up the tank now for we __________ run
out of gas on the way.
may/might
（6）You _____ be tired—you've only been working for ten minutes.
can't
2.should， could， would（包含其否定形式）
（1）He was so busy studying and meeting new people that he didn't write to his
family as often as he _______ have， which made him feel regretful.
（2）You ________ have seen her in her office last Friday； she's been out of town
for two weeks.
（3）It's required that students _______ go to school on time.
should
couldn't
should
（4）When I was young， my mother _______ read me stories at night.
（5）My book， The House of Hades， is missing. Who ______ have taken it
（6）I _________ have watched that movie—it gave me horrible dreams.
（7）The price on this packet is wrong. It _______ be $2.50， not $3.50.
（8）It was sad to me that they， so poor themselves， _______ bring me food.
would
could
shouldn't
should
should
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Parents _____________________________ the growth of their children.
父母对孩子的成长有着重要的影响。
2.They ______________ a TV play______ there was a power cut.
他们正在看电视剧，这时突然停电了。
3.If there ______ no air or water，there __________ no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
have an important influence on
were watching
when
were
would be
4.It was _________________ I noticed the boy could see nothing.
直到那时我才注意到那个男孩什么也看不见。
5.I find that _______________________ is an interesting experience.
我发现住在乡下是一种很有趣的经历。
not until then that
living in the countryside
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Smith lives above the McKays.1.__________（luck）， the water he sent over
his balcony every day dropped on the McKay's floor， or too often，on the McKays
2.___________（them）.It was not only the water falling onto their balcony 3.____the
way Smith cleaned his fish tanks 4._____bothered them.
Unluckily
themselves
but
that
They were sitting there happily 5.________（read） their newspapers 6.______
only water would come from above so that they got wet all over. On Saturday
evening，Smith 7.________（empty） one larger tank and both the McKays and the
birthday cake 8.______（be） wet through. James was up there in a flash and hit
Smith on the head with his 9.________（walk） stick. As a result，James spent
Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely 10.________________ （exciting）
birthday ever.
reading
when
emptied
were
walking
the most exciting
Ⅴ.根据下面材料用英语写一篇小短文
从前有个国家非常和谐，没有暴力（violence）。但是一场意想不到的冲突（conflict）发生了，因为一个大臣背叛了他的国家。冲突持续了三个月。最终国王和这个大臣达成协议，国王不得不把权力移交给这个大臣。从那时起整个国家就处于（be exposed to）新的冲突和恐慌之中。许多人无法忍受（tolerate），不得不离开他们的国家。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Once upon a time， there was a country that was very harmonious and free from violence. But an unexpected conflict happened because a minister betrayed his country. The conflict lasted three months. Finally，the king and the minister reached an agreement. The king had to hand over power to the minister. Since then， the whole country has been exposed to new conflict and panic. Many people can't tolerate it and have to leave their country.
单句填空
1.（2022·全国甲）The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid _________
（annoy）your companions.
annoying
2.（2023·北京）Alan Smith， a complexity scientist， is tired of such __________
（complaint）.
complaints
3.（2021·新高考Ⅰ）That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it's ___ shame I
don't have much use for it.
a
4.（2022·北京）The talk will last about an hour， and you can decide on a date ___
your convenience.
5.（2021·全国甲）When I was 9， we packed____our home in Los Angeles and
arrived at Heathrow， London on a gray January morning.
6.（2021·浙江）If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you
look content or ________（annoy）， you may be onto something.
at
up
annoyedUnit 11 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用情态动词的用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Ⅰ.拓展单词
1. vt.使恼怒;使生气→ adj.生气的;烦恼的→ adj.令人烦恼的;讨厌的→ n.烦恼
2. n. 不便;麻烦→ n.方便;便利→ adj.便利的;方便的;就近的→ adj.不便利的;不方便的
3. adj.内疚的;惭愧的→ n.羞耻;羞愧→ adj.可耻的;丢脸的→ adj.无耻的
4. n.抱怨;投诉;控告→ v.抱怨;发牢骚
5. vt. 解决(问题、困难)→ n. 决定; 解决
6. n. 警告;警示;告诫→ v. 警告;告诫;提醒注意
7. n.离开;起程→ v.离开;离去
8. adj. 有偏见的;有成见的;歧视的→ n.偏见;成见
9. adj.和蔼可亲的;礼貌而友善的→ n.快乐;令人高兴的事→ adj.欣喜的;高兴的;愉快的→ adj.令人满意的
10. n.暴力行为;暴力→ adj.猛烈的;剧烈的;强暴的→ adv.猛烈地;剧烈地
11. vt.容忍;忍受→ n.宽容→ adj.宽容的;容忍的→ adj.尚好的;过得去的;可忍受的→ adj.不容忍的;不耐的
12. adj. 无提防之心的;无疑心的→ v.觉得;怀疑n.犯罪嫌疑人
答案 1.annoy;annoyed;annoying;annoyance
2.inconvenience;convenience;convenient;inconvenient
3.ashamed;shame;shameful;shameless
4.complaint;complain 5.resolve;resolution 6.warning;warn
7.departure;depart 8.prejudiced;prejudice
9.pleasant;pleasure;pleased;pleasing
10.violence;violent;violently
11.tolerate;tolerance;tolerant;tolerable; intolerable 12.unsuspecting;suspect
Ⅱ.短语快记
1.hit the road
2.give sb a warning
3.once too 再三
4.drive sb 使某人发疯
5.wet through
6.take action
7.go to normal恢复正常
答案 1.出发;上路 2.给某人一个警告 3.often
4.mad 5.浑身湿透 6.采取行动 7.back
Ⅲ. 句式仿写
1.They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.(双重否定结构)
One international study found that 84% of people say they .
一项国际研究发现,84%的人说他们一天都离不开手机。
2.McKay's wife, Laurene said that, while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person, he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.(while引导让步状语从句)
, it can also be overcome.
虽然世界充满苦难,但是苦难也是可以战胜的。
3.We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on!(be doing... when...句式)
One morning, I I found a man sitting on the bench reading newspapers.
一天早晨,我正步行上学,突然发现一个男人坐在凳子上看报纸。
答案 1.couldn't go a day without their smartphones
2.While the world is full of suffering
3.was walking to school when
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
Drummer Hits the Road
Ma Ming, a drummer for the rock band “Storm”, had to pack his bags. He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
Being single, Ma Ming often held parties at night, but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldn't have rented the flat to him. The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in. And from then on, they rarely got a full night's sleep. They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on his teenage son.
鼓 手 走 人
“暴风雨”摇滚乐队的鼓手马明不得不收拾自己的行李。在邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静之后,他搬出了租住的公寓。
马明是个单身汉,经常在晚上开派对,但是最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。马明的邻居们说处于这样的噪声中他们快要被逼疯了。房东说,如果早知道马明是一个鼓手,他就不会把公寓租给他。当马明搬进来时,邻居们很快意识到他们有麻烦了。从那以后,他们很少能睡一整晚。如果不塞住耳朵,他们就无法放松或看书。一位邻居还声称,马明对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。
In the end, the community council took action. “We took a vote, and came to a resolution. We gave Ma Ming a warning. We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property,” a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and, after such a chorus of complaints, we had to take action.”
最后,社区委员会采取了行动。“我们进行了表决,达成了一项决议。我们给了马明一个警告。我们告诉他,他应该停止打鼓,否则搬走,”一名委员会成员说,“得到充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要,在收到这样的集体投诉之后,我们不得不采取行动。”
Ma Ming's departure has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to normal now,” they said.
For Ma Ming's version of the story, we found him in a hotel in Shanghai. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him. He's bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”. Otherwise he didn't really mind having to leave the flat. “Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don't have to do my own washing! Anyhow, I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.”
马明的离开使他的邻居们很高兴。他们说:“现在生活将会恢复正常了。”
为了知道马明对此事的看法,我们在上海的一家酒店找到了他。马明认为他们对他有偏见。让他愤愤不平的是人们认为他的音乐是“噪声”。否则的话,他根本不介意要离开自己的公寓。“住在酒店里意味着有服务员每天为我整理床铺,并且我不用自己洗衣服!不管怎样,我现在在城市边缘找一所偏僻的房子。”
Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many
Eighty-year-old retired tailor, James McKay, spent Saturday night in a cell after hitting 30-year-old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick. McKay's wife, Laurene said that, while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person, he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often. He could no longer tolerate it.
Smith lives above the McKays. He is a keen gardener, and also a fish collector. Unfortunately, the water he sent over his balcony every day ended up on the McKay's floor, or too often, on the unsuspecting McKays themselves.
在多次被淋湿之后老爷爷被捕
80岁的退休裁缝詹姆思·麦凯,在用手杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头部之后,在监狱里度过了星期六的夜晚。麦凯的妻子劳伦娜说,麦凯通常是一个很平和、愉悦的人,他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。他再也忍不下去了。
史密斯住在麦凯一家的楼上。他是一个热衷园艺的人,还是个鱼类收藏家。不幸的是,他每天在阳台上浇的水最终都落在麦凯家的地板上,或者经常落在毫无防备的麦凯夫妇身上。
“For the last two weeks, since Smith moved into the flat above us, we dared not go onto our balcony,” said Laurene. She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. “We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on! We could hardly get rid of the smell of fish!”
劳伦娜说:“自从史密斯搬进我们楼上的公寓,在过去的两个星期里,我们不敢去自己的阳台。”她又补充道,其实使得他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯浇花落在他们阳台上的水,还有史密斯清洁鱼缸的方式。“我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸,突然间很多水从天而降,我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透!而且鱼腥味很难除掉!”
And on Saturday evening it was just too much. “It was James' birthday,” Laurene recalled, “and it was such a beautiful night to enjoy the starry night outside. I made him a birthday cake. The candles were a great sight as you can imagine, but James didn't get to blow them out.” Instead, Smith emptied one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through. “I have never seen him move so fast and I couldn't stop him. He was up there in a flash.”
而星期六晚上的事情就太过分了。“那天是詹姆斯的生日,”劳伦娜回忆道,“那是一个如此美丽的夜晚,可以在外面享受星空之夜。我给他做了个生日蛋糕。你可以想象,蜡烛很美,但詹姆斯没能吹灭它们。”相反,史密斯在他的阳台上倒空了一大缸水,麦凯夫妇和生日蛋糕都湿透了。“我从没见过他动作这么快,我没法阻止他。他一下子就冲到楼上去了。”
Smith is not going to take things further with the police. He has also promised to change his ways from now on. And what of James McKay As he left the police station, a large crowd of supporters sang him “Happy Birthday”. “Definitely the most exciting birthday ever!” said the cheerful old man.“The best since my youth, I'd say!”
史密斯将不会向警方进一步追究这件事。他也承诺从现在起改变自己的方式。而詹姆斯·麦凯又怎样呢 当他离开警察局时,一大群支持者为他唱《生日快乐》歌。这个愉快的老人说:“这绝对是有史以来最激动人心的生日!我得说这是我自青少年时代以来度过的最好的生日!”
核 心 单 词
知识点1 negotiate vi. & vt.谈判;协商 *negotiation n.谈判;协商;磋商 *negotiator n.谈判代表;协商者
(牛津词典)We have been negotiating for more pay.
我们一直在为增加工资进行协商。
知识拓展
negotiate about (for) sth 就某事进行交涉
negotiate with sb 与某人进行交涉(以达成协议)
negotiate a deal/contract 达成交易/确定合同
(be) in negotiation with sb over sth 与某人协商某事
under negotiation在协商中
经典佳句
What really matters is a sound business plan,access to capital,and good management and negotiating skills.
真正重要的是一个完备的商业计划、获得资金的渠道,以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
Throughout the negotiations, Tom and Jack took opposite views.
整个谈判过程中,汤姆和杰克持有的观点是对立的。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The two countries are negotiating a peaceful settlement.
(2)They have decided to negotiate the boss about their wage claims.
答案 (1)about/for (2)with
知识点2 inquire vi. & vt.询问; 打听;调查 *inquiry n.询问;打听;调查
(P109)Please give me your account number, sir, and I'll inquire and make sure the issue is resolved as soon as possible.
先生,请把您的账号给我,我会尽快询问并确保问题得到解决。
知识拓展
inquire into 调查
inquire about 询问;查问;打听
inquire after 问候;问起某人的健康
inquire sth of sb 向某人打听(或询问、了解)
经典佳句
He called them several times to inquire about job possibilities.
他给他们打了几次电话打听就业的可能性。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Do you mind inquiring your salary
(2)They determined to inquire thoroughly the matter.
(3)Elsie called to inquire my health.
答案 (1)about (2)into (3)after
知识点3 annoying adj.令人讨厌的;恼人的 *annoyed adj.恼怒的;烦恼的*annoyance n.恼怒;生气;烦恼 *annoy vt.骚扰;使恼怒
(牛津词典)This interruption is very annoying.
这样打岔令人讨厌。
知识拓展
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事而烦恼;对某事感到恼怒
be annoyed with sb 被某人惹恼;生某人的气
be annoyed that 因……生气
be annoyed to do sth 做……感到生气
(much) to one's annoyance 令某人烦恼的是;令某人生气的是
经典佳句
It annoyed me to be kept waiting so long.
让我等了这么久,真使我生气。
Nothing could have been more annoying.
没有什么能比这更恼人的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I bet he was annoyed having to write it out again.
(2)The noisy traffic is a continual (annoy).
(3)His mother was annoyed him for being so rude to their neighbors.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(4)让我烦恼的是,我没有时间阅读更多的东西。
→ that I don't have time to do more reading.
→ that I don't have time to do more reading.
→I am annoyed not to do more reading.
→ , I don't have time to do more reading.
答案 (1)at/about (2)annoyance (3)with (4)It annoys me; I am annoyed; to have time; To my annoyance
知识点4 inconvenience n.不便;麻烦 *convenience n.便利;方便;便利的事物或设施 *convenient adj.方便的;便利的 *inconvenient adj.不方便的
(牛津词典)I have already been put to considerable inconvenience.
我已经被添了相当多的麻烦了。
知识拓展
for convenience 为了方便起见
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
It is convenient (for sb) to do sth.(对某人而言)做某事方便。
be convenient for 对……来说方便
经典佳句
We apologize for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused.
我们对此次延误表示歉意并对它可能造成的不便表示遗憾。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)In a word, if we had such a magic watch, our life would become more of (convenient).
(2)These meals can be prepared in advance, and served your convenience.
(3)We bought this house convenience; it's near shops.
(4)It is more convenient (transport) the goods by train.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5)The high-speed train has .
高铁让他们回家更方便了。
(6) , can you pick him up at the airport at 11:30 am
如果方便的话,你可以在上午11:30到机场去接他吗
答案 (1)convenience (2)at (3)for (4)to transport (5)made it much more convenient for them to go back home (6)If it is convenient for you
知识点5 detect v.发现;察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物) *detection n.侦查;发现;发觉 *detective n.侦探 *detector n.探测器;侦察器 *detectable adj.可检测的;可发现的
(牛津词典)The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth.
牙医检查了她的牙,没有发现龋齿。
知识拓展
detect sb in doing sth 发现某人正在做某事(坏事)
经典佳句
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
这些检查旨在及早发现疾病。
The report advocated all buildings should be fitted with smoke detectors.
这份报告主张所有建筑物都应安装烟雾探测器。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He was detected in (cheat) in the exam.
(2)The (detect) was trying to winkle information out of her.
(3)Last year the (detect) rate for car theft was just 13%.
答案 (1)cheating (2)detective (3)detection
知识点6 somewhat adv.有点;有几分 *somehow adv.以某种方式;不知怎么地 *anyhow adv.(也作 anyway)无论如何;不管怎样
(牛津词典)The situation has changed somewhat since we last met.
自我们上次见面以来,情况有了些变化。
经典佳句
I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by their food.
我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止,而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。
That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.
那种做法把石块变得有点儿像车轮。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)It wasn't quite the right colour, but I .
虽然颜色不那么适合,但我还是买了。
(2)I think he's right but .
我想他是对的,但不知为什么我不是完全有把握。
(3)Their swimming pool is .
他们的游泳池比我们的游泳池稍微深一些。
答案 (1)bought it anyway/anyhow (2)somehow I'm not completely sure (3)somewhat deeper than ours
知识点7 ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的 *shame n.羞耻;惭愧;让人遗憾的事 *shameless adj.无耻的 *shamed adj.丢脸的;可耻的;不体面的
(牛津词典)Her husband felt ashamed at her behaviour.
她的丈夫对她的行为感到羞愧。
知识拓展
be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth 因尴尬而不愿做……
be ashamed that... 对……感到 内疚
It's a shame that... 让人遗憾的是……
What a shame/pity! 真可惜!
经典佳句
Don't be ashamed of speaking poor English. Don't be ashamed of being laughed at. The only real shame is that you never open your mouth.
不要因为英语说得差而感到羞愧。不要因为被人嘲笑而感到羞愧。唯一真正让人羞愧的是你从不开口说。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She was ashamed (ask) such a simple question.
(2)You should be ashamed having told a lie to her.
(3) a shame! She should fail this round.
答案 (1)to ask (2)of (3)What
知识点8 pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李);(把……)打包 n.包;包裹 *unpack v.打开;从(箱、包等中)取出
(P30)Ma Ming, a drummer for the rock band “Storm”, had to pack his bags.
“暴风雨”摇滚乐队的鼓手马明不得不收拾自己的行李。
知识拓展
pack up 把……打包;收拾(行李)
be packed with 挤满
a pack of things 一盒东西
a pack of people 一群人
经典佳句
After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out again.
早饭后,我收拾好行李又出发了。
The girl went to the supermarket and bought a pack of gums.
这个女孩去超市买了一盒口香糖。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)It is the first time that I have packed my things for a holiday.
(2)The bus was (pack) with tourists.
(3)We avoided pack of journalists waiting outside.
答案 (1)up (2)packed (3)a
知识点9 complaint n. 抱怨;投诉;控告 *complain v.抱怨;不满;发牢骚;投诉
(P30)He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace.
在邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静之后,他搬出了租住的公寓。
知识拓展
complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事;(向某人)发牢骚
complain (to sb) that... (向某人)抱怨……
make a complaint 抱怨;投诉
经典佳句
The manager complained to us that there had been too many complaints from customers this month.
经理向我们抱怨这个月顾客的投诉太多了。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She often complains not feeling appreciated at work.
(2)Neighbors complained the police about the dog barking.
(3)The most common (complain) is about poor service.
答案 (1)about (2)to (3)complaint
知识点10 vote n.票数;投票;表决 v.投票;选举;表决;提议
(P30)We took a vote, and came to a resolution.
我们进行了表决,达成了一项决议。
知识拓展
vote sb sth 选出/推举某人担任某职务; 表决为某人提供某物
vote for 投票赞成
vote against 投票反对
vote on 就……投票表决
put sth to the vote 把某事交付表决
经典佳句
If there is an election in your area,you should go and vote.
如果你所居住的地区进行选举,你应该去参加投票。
A person has the right to vote, whether the person is male or female.
一个人,无论是男是女,都拥有选举权。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)For example,a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.
(2)Fearing that most of the citizens voted him,he wore a smile.
(3)We had no choice but to put it the vote.
答案 (1)for (2)against (3)to
知识点11 warning n.警告;告诫 *warn v.警告;告诫;提醒注意
(P30) We gave Ma Ming a warning.
我们给了马明一个警告。
知识拓展
warn sb of/about sth 警告/提醒某人注意某事
warn sb against sb 警告某人提防某人
warn sb (not) to do sth 告诫某人(不要)做某事
warn sb against (doing) sth 警告某人不要做某事
经典佳句
We've just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.
我们刚才在广播里听到一则警报:一场飓风可能会到来。
The police warned us against pickpockets.
警察提醒我们要提防小偷。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He warned us the serious situation that we were confronted with.
(2)The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without (warn).
(3)My father, who lived down the road,also warned people not (shoot) the bird.
答案 (1)of/about (2)warning (3)to shoot
知识点12 edge n.边缘;外围;优势
(P30)Anyhow, I'm now looking for a remote house on the edge of the city.
不管怎样,我现在在城市边缘找一所偏僻的房子。
知识拓展
on edge 紧张不安的;烦躁的
at the edge of 靠近……的边缘
on the edge of 在……边缘上;快要
on the edge of one's seat 极为激动
经典佳句
We stood at the water's edge and looked at the beautiful lake.
我们站在水边眺望美丽的湖泊。
Training can give you the edge over your competitors.
培训可以使你比你的竞争者更有优势。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She was a bit edge till she heard he was safe.
(2)I could hear birds whistling the edge of the woods.
(3)Although the old man was the edge of death,he still fought with the disease bravely.
答案 (1)on (2)at (3)on
知识点13 arrest n.逮捕; 拘留; 中止 v.逮捕; 拘留; 阻止
(牛津词典)A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.
一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。
知识拓展
arrest sb for 因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意
under arrest 被捕
make an arrest 进行拘捕
经典佳句
He is said to be under arrest for spreading online rumors.
据说他由于传播网络谣言被捕了。
An unusual painting arrested his attention.
一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)He (arrest) for abusing his power.
(2)She was arrest two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last year's election.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)The beautiful sunset , and we couldn't help stopping to watch it.
美丽的日落吸引了我们的注意力,我们忍不住停下来观看。
答案 (1)was arrested (2)under (3)arrested our attention
知识点14 violence n.暴力; 暴力行为 *violent adj.猛烈的;剧烈的 *violently adv.猛烈地;剧烈地;暴力地
(P31)McKay's wife, Laurene said that, while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person, he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.
麦凯的妻子劳伦娜说,麦凯通常是一个很平和、愉悦的人,他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。
知识拓展
by/with violence 用暴力
appeal to violence 诉诸暴力
crimes/acts/threats of violence 暴力犯罪/行为/威胁
经典佳句
There has been some violence after the match,but the police are now in control of the situation.
比赛后发生了一些暴力事件,但是现在警方已控制了局势。
Those houses were so strongly built that they would keep up in a violent earthquake.
那些房屋被建造得很坚固,以至于在强烈的地震中也不会倒塌。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The game was overshadowed violence.
(2)That country tried to appeal violence in seizing the land of its neighboring country.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) carry heavy penalties.
暴力罪行要承受严厉的惩罚。
答案 (1)by (2)violence (3)Crimes of violence
知识点15 tolerate vt.容忍;忍受 *tolerant adj.忍受的;容忍的;宽容的 *tolerance n.容忍;忍耐力 *tolerable adj. 过得去的;可容忍的
(P31)He could no longer tolerate it.
他再也忍不下去了。
知识拓展
tolerate (sb) doing sth 容忍(某人)做某事
be tolerant of/towards 对……容忍/宽容
经典佳句
I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be tolerant of that.
我不会容忍我班上的那种行为,没有人会容忍。
名师点拨
表示“忍受”的单词或短语还有stand、bear、put up with等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)If I were her staff,I wouldn't tolerate (scold) by her every day.
(2)Marley understands that one of the reasons why there are so many problems in the world is lack of (tolerate) between people.
(3)I can't tolerate you (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.
答案 (1)being scolded (2)tolerance (3)speaking
知识点16 bother vi. & vt. (使)担心;(使)生气;(使)苦恼 n.麻烦;困难
(P31) She added that it wasn't only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
她又补充道,其实使得他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯浇花落在他们阳台上的水,还有史密斯清洁鱼缸的方式。
知识拓展
bother sb with sth 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother to do/doing sth 操心做某事
it bothers sb... that... 使某人烦恼的是……
Don't bother. 不用费心了。
put sb to any bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦
图解释义
He always plays the guitar at night, which really bothers me!
他总在晚上弹吉他,这真的打扰到我了!
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I didn't want to put you any bother.
(2)It really bothered me he'd forgotten my birthday.
(3)You needn't bother (come) to my office.
答案 (1)to (2)that (3)to come/coming
知识点17 recall v.回想;回忆起;召回
(P31) “It was James' birthday,” Laurene recalled.
“那天是詹姆斯的生日,”劳伦娜回忆道。
知识拓展
recall doing sth 回忆起做某事
recall... to... 把……召回到……
recall sth to sb使某人记起某事
经典佳句
John recalled attending school with Mary.
John回想起同Mary一起上学的情景。
The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers.
公司召回了所有有问题的吹风机。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Occasionally, I can still recall her (go)away without a word.
(2)The story recalled old faces my mind.
(3)He was recalled military duty.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)She could still clearly.
她还能清晰地记起与他初次见面的场景。
答案 (1)going (2)to (3)to (4)recall the scene of her first meeting with him
短 语 句 式
知识点18 in trouble处于困境中;有麻烦
(P30)The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in.
当马明搬进来时,邻居们很快意识到他们有麻烦了。
知识拓展
have trouble (in) doing sth/with sth 做某事有困难
get into trouble遇到麻烦;陷入困境
look for trouble 自找麻烦
make trouble for sb 给某人找麻烦
get sb into trouble 使某人遇到麻烦
take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳地做某事
经典佳句
Many people are willing to contribute some money to the people in trouble.
许多人愿意为困境中的人捐献一些钱。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The new president had trouble (deal) with foreign affairs.
(2)He will always come to help me out whenever I am trouble.
(3)The boy got trouble when he left home to live in London.
答案 (1)dealing (2)in (3)into
知识点19 双重否定结构
(P30)They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
如果不塞住耳朵,他们就无法放松或看书。
知识拓展
no/not/never...without 的意思是“没有……就不/没有……”,是一种双重否定结构,表达强烈的肯定语气。
常见的双重否定结构还有:
(1)否定词no/not/never等+表示否定意义的形容词
(2)否定词no/not/never等+表示否定意义的动词
(3)否定词not/no/never等+有否定词缀的词
(4)否定词+否定词
He was never unkind.
他总是和蔼可亲。
She never fails to write to her mother every month.
她每个月都给母亲写信。
He was by no means friendless.
他不是孤家寡人。
He doesn't do it for nothing.
他做这件事并不是毫无企图。
Fred and his band couldn't go out anywhere without being followed.
Fred和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
They never meet without quarrelling.
他们每次见面必吵架。
融会应用 单句填空
(1) the Communist Party there would be no New China.
(2)Unfortunately, I speak English without making mistakes.
(3)No work is small,and no work is (important).
答案 (1)Without (2)never (3)unimportant
知识点20 be doing...when...
(P31)We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on!
我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸,突然间很多水从天而降,我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透!
知识拓展
本句是“be doing... when...”句型。when在句中作并列连词, 意思是“这时(突然)”, 相当于and then、 and at that time。
when作并列连词, 意思是“这时(突然)”的句型还有:
(1)be about to do/be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时(突然)……
I was about to leave the room when he came in.
我正要离开房间时(突然)他进来了。
(2)had done...when... 刚做完……这时(突然)……
I had just walked out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.
我刚从厨房出来,这时(突然)有人敲门。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)We he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.
我们正聊着, 突然他就拿着夹克跑开了。
(2)He suddenly he found the answer.
当他正准备放弃这个问题时,突然他找到了答案。
(3)He he bumped into a large cow and fell down.
他还没有走多远就撞上了一头大母牛并摔倒了。
答案 (1)were talking when (2)was about to give up the question when (3)had not gone far when
语法探究
情 态 动 词
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
①The topic of the poem can't be travel.
②It must be something more personal.
③It may be friendship.
④It might be the journey through life.
⑤Li Bai must have had a strange life.
⑥He can't have been interested in a normal life.
⑦He may have died when he fell out of a boat.
⑧You should read the poem sometime.
⑨Could you answer a few questions, please
⑩I told her to stop singing, but she wouldn't listen.
我的发现
(1)句①~⑦表示推测,其中句⑤~⑦表示对 所发生的事情的推测。
(2)句⑧中的情态动词表示说话人的意愿,意为“ ”,句⑨表示 ,句⑩表示 。
答案 (1)过去 (2)应该;请求;意愿
探究点 情态动词的基本用法
一、have to与must
have to一般表示客观原因所引起的“不得不;必须”。其后面接动词原形,但是have to有人称、单复数及时态的变化。
We have to clean our classroom this afternoon.
今天下午我们必须打扫我们的教室。
must一般表示主观上的“必须”,其否定形式mustn't表示“禁止”。以must开头的问句,其否定回答用needn't或don't have to。
—Must I clean the dining room at once
我必须马上打扫餐厅吗
—No, you needn't/No, you don't have to.
不,你不必。
must还有以下用法:
1.表示“非要、偏要”做某事,表达出说话者的一种不满情绪。
—Can I smoke here
我能在这里抽烟吗
—No. Go to the smoking section, if you must.
不能,如果你非要抽烟的话,就去吸烟区吧。
Why must you be talking so loudly when others are sleeping
别人都在睡觉,为什么你偏要这么大声说话
2.表示对具体事情的推测,意为 “一定;肯定”, 语气较强,只用于肯定句中;must have done 意思是“肯定做了某事”,表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
Since nobody gave him any help, he must have done the research on his own.
既然没有人给他任何帮助,那他一定是独自完成的这项研究。
二、should 与 ought to
should作为情态动词和ought to在词义上很接近,但should侧重于主观上的“应该”;而 ought to侧重于客观上的“应该”。
You ought to go and see your mother in the hospital tomorrow.
明天你应该到医院去看看你母亲。
I think you should tell your mother the good news.
我认为你应该告诉你妈妈那个好消息。
三、dare的用法
1.dare可用作实义动词和情态动词,用作情态动词时,意思是“敢”,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后,一般不用于肯定句。
Dare you tell her the truth
你敢告诉她真相吗
I don't know whether he dare try.
我不知他是否敢试一试。
I daren't ask her for a raise.
我不敢向她要求加薪。
注意:I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句),并不一定要意为“我敢说”,它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气,常意为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等,有时用作反语。
I dare say (that) you are right.
我想你是对的。
Oh, you mean to win I dare say you will.
啊,你想赢 我且看你赢吧。
2.dare用作实义动词时意为“敢于”,可以有各种词形变化,可用于各类句型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等)。其后多接带 to 的不定式,有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句中),可用于非谓语形式、完成时态等。
We must dare to think, speak up and act.
我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。
I wonder how he dares (to) say such things.
我纳闷他怎么敢说出这样的话来。
四、could的用法
1.表示有能力做或能够发生,意为“能;会”。
He couldn't sleep, although he tried to.
尽管他想睡,但他睡不着。
2.表示请求允许或帮助,意为“能;可以”。在疑问句中could语气比can更委婉。注意在回答时不可用could,通常用can。
—Could/Can I use your pen
我可以用一下你的钢笔吗
—Of course, you can.
当然可以了。
—Could/Can I go home now
我现在可以回家吗
—Yes, you can.
是的,你可以。
3.表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异或不确定等,常用于疑问句和否定句中。couldn't用来表示由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生,表示“不可能”。couldn't have done意为“不可能做了某事”,表示对过去情况的否定推测。
Could what he said be true
他说的可能是真的吗
I saw her just now. She couldn't have gone to Sydney.
我刚才看见她了,她不可能去悉尼了。
注意:could have done既可表示对过去的推测,还可表示“过去本可以做某事(而实际上未做)”。
He could have already arrived in Beijing.
他可能已经到了北京。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
他本可以通过考试,但是他太粗心了。
五、would的用法
1.表示意志、意愿或主观愿望。用于各种人称。
She said she would help me do the housework.
她说她会帮我做家务。
2.表示请求。用于第二人称的疑问句中,would比will语气更加委婉。一般疑问句的肯定回答通常用will。
Would you please give me a hand
请帮我一把,好吗
3.表示过去的一种习惯、倾向或固有性质等,意为“总是;总会”。
My father would have a walk after supper.
我的父亲(以前)总会晚饭后去散步。
注意:would和used to的区别
(1)would表示过去的习惯性动作,不表示状态;used to可表示过去的习惯性动作和状态。
(2)would所表示的过去的习惯性动作现在依然可能存在;used to所表示的过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态现在已不复存在。
I would go to the library when I was free.
(过去)我有空的时候常常去那个图书馆。(现在有可能还去)
People used to believe that the earth was flat.
过去,人们总认为地球是平的。(现在已不再这样认为)
Father used not to be so forgetful.
父亲过去没这么健忘。(现在很健忘)
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)When he was a child, he (will) often go skiing.
(2)Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He (drink) too much at the party last night.
(3)Mr Green (have) to work on the farm all day.
(4)He (have) to look after his younger sister yesterday.
(5)The boy stood before the teacher, not (dare) to look up.
(6)It was really annoying; I (can) get access to the data bank you had recommended.
(7)It was so noisy that we (can) hear ourselves speak.
(8)I can't find my purse. I (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(9)You anything.
你们什么都不敢说。
(10)I think I get back to work.
我想我应该重新开始工作了。
(11)I my innermost feelings to anyone.
我不能向任何人表达我内心深处的感情。
(12)We have adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
(13) you the woods
你敢穿过那片森林吗
(14)It is the envelope they .
这是大家都不敢拆开的信封。
答案 (1)would (2)must have drunk (3)has (4)had (5)daring (6)couldn't (7)couldn't
(8)could have left (9)dare not say (10)ought to (11)could not express (12)had to (13)Dare; go through (14)dare not open
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.John was studying in his room he heard someone screaming.
2.One should not be bothered his or her personal gains or losses.
3.A large number of people are keen on (dance) to music.
4.The growth of (violence) crime is a real problem.
5.The escaped prisoner got (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.
6. the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that gives off light in the dark.
7.Despite objections by the White House,the Senate voted today (cut) off aid.
8.The (annoy) thing about the scheme is that it's confusing.
9.I must apologize for any (convenience) it may have caused you.
答案 1.when 2.about/with 3.dancing 4.violent 5.arrested 6.On 7.to cut 8.annoying
9.inconvenience
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.must, can, may, might(包含其否定形式)
(1)I haven't decided where I'm going for my holiday. I go to Australia.
(2)You've been working all day. You be very tired.
(3)I'm hungry. I eat two bowls of rice now.
(4) Passengers talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.
(5)—What are you doing, John Why stop
—To be on the safe side, we should fill up the tank now for we run out of gas on the way.
(6)You be tired—you've only been working for ten minutes.
答案 (1)may/might (2)must (3)can (4)mustn't
(5)may/might (6)can't
2.should, could, would(包含其否定形式)
(1)He was so busy studying and meeting new people that he didn't write to his family as often as he have, which made him feel regretful.
(2)You have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
(3)It's required that students go to school on time.
(4)When I was young, my mother read me stories at night.
(5)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who have taken it
(6)I have watched that movie—it gave me horrible dreams.
(7)The price on this packet is wrong. It be $2.50, not $3.50.
(8)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.
答案 (1)should (2)couldn't (3)should (4)would
(5)could (6)shouldn't (7)should (8)should
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Parents the growth of their children.
父母对孩子的成长有着重要的影响。
2.They a TV play there was a power cut.
他们正在看电视剧,这时突然停电了。
3.If there no air or water,there no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
4.It was I noticed the boy could see nothing.
直到那时我才注意到那个男孩什么也看不见。
5.I find that is an interesting experience.
我发现住在乡下是一种很有趣的经历。
答案 1.have an important influence on 2.were watching;when 3.were;would be 4.not until then that 5.living in the countryside
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Smith lives above the McKays.1. (luck), the water he sent over his balcony every day dropped on the McKay's floor, or too often,on the McKays 2. (them).It was not only the water falling onto their balcony 3. the way Smith cleaned his fish tanks 4. bothered them.
They were sitting there happily 5. (read) their newspapers 6. only water would come from above so that they got wet all over. On Saturday evening,Smith 7. (empty) one larger tank and both the McKays and the birthday cake 8. (be) wet through.James was up there in a flash and hit Smith on the head with his 9. (walk) stick. As a result,James spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely 10. (exciting) birthday ever.
答案 1.Unluckily 2.themselves 3.but 4.that
5.reading 6.when 7.emptied 8.were 9.walking 10.the most exciting
Ⅴ.根据下面材料用英语写一篇小短文
从前有个国家非常和谐,没有暴力(violence)。但是一场意想不到的冲突(conflict)发生了,因为一个大臣背叛了他的国家。冲突持续了三个月。最终国王和这个大臣达成协议,国王不得不把权力移交给这个大臣。从那时起整个国家就处于(be exposed to)新的冲突和恐慌之中。许多人无法忍受(tolerate),不得不离开他们的国家。
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参考范文
Once upon a time, there was a country that was very harmonious and free from violence.But an unexpected conflict happened because a minister betrayed his country.The conflict lasted three months.Finally,the king and the minister reached an agreement. The king had to hand over power to the minister. Since then, the whole country has been exposed to new conflict and panic. Many people can't tolerate it and have to leave their country.
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·全国甲)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid (annoy)your companions.
2.(2023·北京)Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such (complaint).
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's shame I don't have much use for it.
4.(2022·北京)The talk will last about an hour, and
you can decide on a date your convenience.
5.(2021·全国甲)When I was 9, we packed our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning.
6.(2021·浙江)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or (annoy), you may be onto something.
答案 1.annoying 2.complaints 3.a 4.at 5.up
6.annoyed
2
