Unit 12 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化单词、短语和句式,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,掌握形容词的用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Ⅰ.拓展单词
1. n.款待;娱乐;娱乐节目→ vt.&vi.娱乐;招待;款待
2. n. 新发明;新方法;新观念;革新;创新→ v.引入(新事物、思想或方法);创新;改革
3. adj.多产的;丰饶的;富有成效的→ v.生产;制作n.产品;(尤指)农产品→ n.产量;生产
4. adj.科学(上)的→ n.科学
5. vt.捐赠→ n.捐赠
6. n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;立刻的→ adv.立即;立刻
7. adv.后来;随后→ adj.随后的;后来的
8. n.相对性→ adj.相关联的;相对的→ n.关系;联系→ v.联系
9. n.研究的结果;发现→ vt.发现;找到
10. n.精确度;准确性;正确→ adj.准确的;精确的→ adv.准确地;精确地
11. adv.有效率地;高效能地→ adj.有效率的;效率高的→ n.效率
答案 1.entertainment;entertain 2.innovation;innovate 3.productive;produce;production 4.scientific;science 5.donate;donation 6.instant;instantly 7.subsequently;subsequent 8.relativity;relative;relation;relate 9.finding;find 10.accuracy;accurate;accurately 11.efficiently;efficient;efficiency
Ⅱ.短语快记
1.change 随……而变化
2.turn 求助于
3.figure 算出;想出
4.single out
5.range from...to...
答案 1.with 2.to 3.out 4.挑选出 5.范围从……到……;包括从……到……(范围)
Ⅲ. 句式仿写
1.In the summer of 1905,this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.(“be doing...when...”句式)
with my three children when water started filling my home.
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐,这时家里开始进水了。
2.There is no doubt about it.(“There is no doubt...”句式)
John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
3.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.(without短语表示含蓄虚拟条件)
and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法,我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
答案 1.I was having breakfast 2.There is no doubt that 3.Without the new paints
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century, you would have a real problem on your hands. In just 100 years, the world has changed completely. Amazing discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world and space. Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated munications changed with the introduction of mobile phones, and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages. We started flying around the world, launching satellites into orbit and, at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.
科 学 突 破
如果你要选出一个20世纪最为重要的发现,你就会面临一个真正的难题。在仅仅100年的时间里,世界就完完全全改变了。人们在医药、通信和运输方面都有了令人惊叹的发现,更不要说我们对世界和太空的认识了。医学上的进步范围很广,从利用显微镜揭示病因,到施行手术,用捐赠的器官做器官移植。随着移动电话的推行,通信方式也发生了变化,我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和短信。我们开始坐飞机周游世界,把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时,科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前,原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century. Here are some of them.
One of the 20th century's premier scientists was Albert Einstein. In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired. Subsequently,“E=mc2” was born. It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy. Einstein then showed in his “theory of relativity” that not even time, mass or length are constant—they change according to our experience of them.
尽管不太可能选出哪项发现是最重要的,但是挑选出20世纪的几位先驱还是可能的。以下是他们中的一些代表。
20世纪最为著名的科学家之一是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦。1905年夏天,这位直率的年轻人正在轻轻摇晃他一岁的孩子时,突然产生了灵感。后来,“E=mc2”诞生了。它表明了质量很小的物质是如何产生令人难以置信的能量的。爱因斯坦后来在他的“相对论”里表明,时间、质量或者长度甚至都不是恒定不变的——它们随我们的体验而发生改变。
In 1928, another important finding was made by biologist Alexander Fleming. Before he went on holiday, Fleming left a dish of bacteria in his laboratory. When he came back, he noticed something strange. He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin, which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria. A few years later, penicillin was being mass-produced and helping to save the lives of millions. Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery. “Nature made penicillin,” he said, “I just found it.”
1928年,生物学家亚历山大·弗莱明有了另外一项影响深远的发现。弗莱明在度假前将一个里面有细菌的碟子留在实验室里。当他度假回来,他看到一些奇怪的东西。他经过进一步的核查,看到了碟子里有一种蓝色的霉菌,其周围的细菌都被消灭了。这些蓝色的霉菌实际上就是自然状态下的青霉素,弗莱明意识到可以用它来杀死细菌。几年以后,青霉素就被大批量生产,帮助挽救了几百万人的生命。对他的发现所产生的惊人的效果,弗莱明仍持谦虚的态度。他说:“是大自然创造了青霉素,而我只是发现了它。”
During World War Ⅱ,when Fleming's discovery was first helping to cure people, the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles. The navy turned to Eckert, an engineer, and Mauchly, a physicist, to deal with the problem and produce a machine to do the job in a joint effort. Although they only finished after the war in 1946, it did not matter. This huge machine was the world's first computer, but it was nothing like our computers today. It measured 100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over 30,000 kilograms. With 18,000 tubes, thousands of circuits and 6,000 switches, it used so much energy that when it was turned on, the lights in the local town went out!
二战期间,正当弗莱明的发明首次被用来为人们治病时,美国海军正在寻找能提高导弹精确度的方法。海军方面向工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利求助,希望他们能解决这个问题,并共同努力制造一台能完成这份工作的机器。虽然他们的工作在1946年战后才完成,但是这并没有什么关系。这台巨大的机器就是世界上的第一台计算机,不过它一点也不像我们今天的计算机。它有100英尺长,10多英尺高,并且重达30 000多千克。它有18 000个显像管,数千条电路和6 000个开关,耗电量异常巨大,以至于当它启动的时候,当地所有的灯都熄灭了!
With the development of computers, people expected to get more things done efficiently. During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists. With computers talking to one another, it would enable government leaders to communicate with each other. By the end of the 1960s, some mini-networks were established, but only a few computers could connect to them. In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, which enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other. Nowadays, life without the Internet for most people is unimaginable.
随着计算机的发展,人们期望能有效率地完成更多的事情。在冷战期间,两位美国科学家提出了一个“巨大的计算机网络”(的概念)。有了计算机相互通信,政府领导人就可以相互交流了。到了20世纪60年代末,一些小型网络已经建立起来,但只有少数几台计算机可以连接到它们。1990年,蒂姆·伯纳·李发明了万维网,使世界各地的计算机能够相互通信。如今,对大多数人来说,没有互联网的生活是难以想象的。 These pioneers of the 20th century were all dedicated to improving the quality of human life on Earth. Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”, with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests. There is no doubt about it. Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
这些20世纪的先驱都致力于改善地球上人类的生活质量。地球上的人类生活已经变成了一个“地球村”,所有不同的国家都在共同利益链中联系在一起。这是毫无疑问的。如果没有这些先驱在科技方面的突破,无论这些突破是偶然发现的还是计划之中的,我们今天所知道的世界将是一个完全不同的地方。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 entertainment n.款待;娱乐;娱乐节目;表演会 *entertain vt.& vi.使欢乐;款待 *entertaining adj.使人愉快的;有趣的
(牛津词典)There will be live entertainment at the party.
联欢会上将有现场表演节目。
知识拓展
entertain sb with sth 用某物使某人欢乐
entertain sb to sth 用某物招待/款待某人
entertain oneself 自娱自乐
经典佳句
The club offers us many entertaining activities, bringing us much entertainment.
这家俱乐部提供给我们很多有趣的活动,带给我们很多娱乐。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I found the talk both informative and (entertain).
(2)He entertained us for hours his stories and jokes.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Being a clown doctor means I can help people
_______________________________________________________________________________
当小丑医生意味着我可以通过娱乐人们来帮助他们。
(4) by his humorous stories just now.
刚才他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。
答案 (1)entertaining (2)with (3)by entertaining them
(4)We were all entertained
知识点2 gifted adj.有天赋的;有才华的 *gift n.天赋;天才;礼物
(牛津词典)Mary is a gifted but erratic player.
玛丽是一名有天赋的运动员,但发挥不稳定。
知识拓展
be gifted at/in... 在……方面有天赋
have a gift for... 对……有天赋
经典佳句
He is a confident and gifted Australian photographer.
他是一名自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师。
The little girl has a gift for music and promises to be a musician.
那个小女孩有音乐天赋,有望成为一名音乐家。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Their daughter has gift for language while their son is a (gift) pianist.
(2)She is proud that both her children have a gift music.
答案 (1)a; gifted (2)for
知识点3 donate v.捐赠;赠送 *donation n.捐赠;捐献 *donator n.捐赠者 *donated adj.捐赠的
(P52)Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.
医学上的进步范围很广,从利用显微镜揭示病因,到施行手术,用捐赠的器官做器官移植。
知识拓展
donate...to... 把……捐赠给……
make a donation to... 向……捐赠
collect donations for... 为……募捐
经典佳句
It is mandatory for blood banks to test all donated blood for the virus.
血库必须检查所有捐献的血中是否含有这种病毒。
Just as we were in great need of fund, a wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.
正当我们急需资金时,一名富有的赞助人的慷慨捐助解救了我们。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The old man donated a lot of money the school, enabling the students to return to their classroom.
(2)She made a (donate) of a thousand dollars to the earthquake-stricken area.
(3)Volunteers came with carloads of (donate) clothing and toys.
答案 (1)to (2)donation (3)donated
知识点4 correspond vi.通信;相一致;符合 *correspondence n.来往信件;相似;通信 *correspondent n.记者;通讯员;通信者
(P52)Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones,and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.
随着移动电话的推行,通信方式也发生了变化,我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和短信。
知识拓展
correspond with sb 和某人通信
correspond with/to... 与……相符合
correspond to... 相当于……
经典佳句
What he said correspond with what he did.
他所说的跟他所做的相符合。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)She still (correspond) with American friends she met in New York two years ago.
(2)The American Congress corresponds the British Parliament.
答案 (1)corresponds (2)to
知识点5 amount n.数量 v.总计;共计;相当于;等于
(P52)It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy.
它表明了质量很小的物质是如何产生令人难以置信的能量的。
知识拓展
the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of+不可数名词 大量的……/少量的……
large/small amounts of+不可数名词 大量的……/少量的……
amount to 共计;总计;等于;相当于
经典佳句
Everyone should try to reduce the amount of salt in their diet.
大家都应该尽量在饮食中减少盐的摄入量。
The cost of the book amounted to ￡250, which is too much for me to afford.
这本书的费用高达250英镑,我负担不起。
名师点拨
(1)“a large/small amount of +不可数名词”作主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式;“large/small amounts of +不可数名词”作主语时,其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of、a great deal of、a lot of、plenty of、a large quantity of 等。
①a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数;
②a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词;
③a lot of、 plenty of、 a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Consumers spending on sports-related products .
消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。
(2)Even worse, fast food that people eat goes up.
更糟的是,人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
(3) is spent on the construction of the school.
大量的钱被花在该学校的建设上。
答案 (1)amounted to ￡9.75 billion (2)the amount of (3)A large amount of money
知识点6 cure v.治愈;治好;矫正;改正 n.治愈;痊愈;治疗方法
(P53)During World War Ⅱ,when Fleming's discovery was first helping to cure people,the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.
二战期间,正当弗莱明的发明首次被用来为人们治病时,美国海军正在寻找能提高导弹精确度的方法。
知识拓展
cure sb of... 治愈/改正某人的……
a cure for (疾病的)治疗方法
经典佳句
Researchers find cures for certain diseases often by using the forests' plant and animal life.
研究人员通常通过利用森林动植物找出某些疾病的治疗方法。
He has been completely cured of his illness.
他已经彻底痊愈了。
易混辨析
cure、treat和heal的用法辨析:
cure “治愈;治好”,主要指治愈疾病。搭配:cure sb of...
treat “治疗”,但不一定治愈。搭配:treat sb for...
heal “治愈”,但多指治愈外伤(wound、injury、cut、burn等)
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)He tried to cure his child the habit.
(2)Scientists have so far failed to provide a cure the disease.
Ⅱ.用cure、treat、heal的适当形式填空
(3)The medicine and rest will soon your wound.
(4)—Has the doctor the old woman of her illness
—No, he her but didn't her.
(5)He is being for a rare skin disease.
答案 (1)of (2)for (3)heal (4)cured; treated; cure (5)treated
知识点7 measure vt.测量;度量;估量 n.措施;方法
(P53)It measured 100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over 30,000 kilograms.
它有100英尺长,10多英尺高,并且重达30 000多千克。
知识拓展
take measures/steps to do sth 采取措施做某事
made to measure 量身定制的
measure sth by sth 用某物来衡量某物
经典佳句
Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant.
思考测量大象重量的办法。
名师点拨
measure表示“量度为……”时,是系动词,后跟测量结果,不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Obviously,it is high time that we took some (measure) to solve the problem.
(2)It can not (measure) in terms of money.
(3)The government has promised to take measures (help) the unemployed.
(4)The house is more than twenty meters long and (measure) six meters in width.
答案 (1)measures (2)be measured (3)to help (4)measures
知识点8 propose v.提议;建议;打算;提名;求婚 *proposal n.提议;建议
(P53)During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.
在冷战期间,两位美国科学家提出了一个“巨大的计算机网络”(的概念)。
知识拓展
propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose to do sth 打算做某事
propose sth to sb 向某人提议某事
propose to sb 向某人求婚
propose that...(should) do sth 建议做某事
propose sb for/as sth 推荐某人担任
经典佳句
The government proposed changes to the voting system.
政府建议修改表决制度。
The proposal for a new high-speed railway met with strong support.
新建高速铁路的提议得到了大力支持。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The famous reporter proposed that the book(ban).
(2)Where do you propose (build) such a huge sculpture
(3)A (propose) to merge the two companies was voted through yesterday.
答案 (1) (should) be banned
(2)building/to build (3)proposal
短 语 句 式
知识点9 figure out计算出;弄清楚;理解
(P52)We started flying around the world,launching satellites into orbit and, at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.
我们开始坐飞机周游世界,把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时,科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前,原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
知识拓展
figure in... 把……考虑在内
figure on 计划;打算;预料到
figure sb to be 料想某人是……
经典佳句
I am so confused that I can't figure out how to do this.
我很困惑,因此不清楚怎样做这件事。
They have figured in the cost of our food for the trip.
他们已把我们旅游的食物费用考虑在内了。
融会应用 写出下列句中figure out的含义
(1)I can't figure out why he quit his job.
(2)Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost
(3)Can you figure out the truth of the news
答案 (1)理解 (2)计算出 (3)弄清楚
知识点10 turn to(向某人)求助;注意;翻到(……页)
(P53)The navy turned to Eckert, an engineer, and Mauchly, a physicist, to deal with the problem and produce a machine to do the job in a joint effort.
海军方面向工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利求助,希望他们能解决这个问题,并共同努力制造一台能完成这份工作的机器。
知识拓展
turn up 出现;露面;开大;调高;找到;发现
turn down 调小;调低;拒绝
turn on 打开(自来水);开(煤气、灯、电视等)
turn off 关掉(煤气、自来水等)
turn out 结果是
turn in 交出
turn over 翻过来;翻转
turn...into... 把……变成……
经典佳句
The party was almost over,but Jane still didn't turn up. Tom was very disappointed. He didn't know why Jane didn't turn down his invitation if she didn't want to come. He turned over the bottles on the tables, and the rest guests left the hall in shock. Tom turned off all the lights in the hall, turning the hall into a world of darkness. No one could imagine how upset he was!
聚会快结束了,但简还是没出现。汤姆非常失望。他不知道如果简不想来,为什么不拒绝他的邀请。他打翻了桌上的瓶子,其余的客人都惊愕地离开了大厅。汤姆关掉了大厅里所有的灯,把大厅变成了一个黑暗的世界。没人能想象他有多难过!
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The car was turned and the driver was seriously injured.
(2)Be calm and sit tight, and everything will turn well.
(3)Please remember to turn all the lights when you leave.
(4)She turn every offer of help.
答案 (1)over (2)out (3)off (4)down
知识点11 although引导让步状语从句
(P52)Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century.
尽管不太可能选出哪项发现是最重要的,但是挑选出20世纪的几位先驱还是可能的。
知识拓展
句中的Although引导让步状语从句,意思是“虽然;尽管”,可用While/Though替换。
其他可引导让步状语从句的常用连词:
(1)even though/even if 即使;尽管
(2)whether...or... 不管……还是……
(3)疑问词+-ever/no matter+疑问句 不管……;无论……
While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
=I do not have much time available although/though I am willing to help.
=Although/Though I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少空闲时间。
Whatever(=No matter what) you say,he won't believe you.
无论你说什么,他都不会相信你。
名师点拨
需要注意的是,while引导的让步状语从句通常位于主句之前,而although/though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或之后。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He is unhappy, he has a lot of money.
(2) I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
(3)Even it is raining, we'll go there.
答案 (1)though/although (2)While/Though/Although (3)though/if
知识点12 There is no doubt...
(P53) There is no doubt about it.
这是毫无疑问的。
知识拓展
句中的There is no doubt...表示“毫无疑问……”。
(1)There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 是否……还不确定。
(2)同位语从句通常由that、whether、how、where、when、why 等连接词引导,常放在doubt、fact、news、idea、truth、hope、problem等名词的后面,解释说明该名词的具体内容。
There's no doubt that you can gain more benefits from it.
毫无疑问,你会从中获得更多的益处。
There is some doubt whether the old man will recover from the operation.
人们怀疑这位老人能否从手术中恢复。
He studies very hard, so there is no doubt that he will pass the exam.
他学习很努力,所以他会通过这次考试是毫无疑问的。
名师点拨
doubt可以作名词也可以作动词。用于肯定句时,其同位语从句和宾语从句用whether引导,不用if或that;用于否定句和疑问句时,其同位语从句和宾语从句用that引导,不用whether或if。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)There is no doubt smoking can seriously damage our health.
(2)We will discuss the problem the sports meeting will be held on time.
(3)I have no idea the cellphone isn't working, so could you fix it for me
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4) cellphones and the Internet are the most important means of communication.
毫无疑问,手机和互联网是最重要的信息交流工具。
(5) John will come on time.
约翰会不会准时来还不太确定。
答案 (1)that (2)whether (3)why (4)There is no doubt that (5)There is some doubt whether
语法探究
形 容 词
探究点 形容词的基本用法
1.形容词的作用与功能
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语等。
成分 例句
作定语 In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the country. 你在信中询问这个国家不同地区的时间问题。
作表语 有些形容词通常作表语,常见的有well、ill (生病) 以及前缀a-开头的部分形容词,如afraid、alike、alive、alone、asleep、awake等。 Even when you are asleep you are using energy. 即使你睡着了,你仍然在消耗能量。
作表语 I hope you weren't ill. You don't look very well. 但愿你没生病。你的脸色看起来不太好。
作主语 补足语 The fish was caught alive. 这条鱼是被活捉的。
作宾语 补足语 Now you have to pull it to make the surface smooth like that. 现在你必须拉动它以使表面像那样光滑。
作状语 She was lying in bed,awake,listening to the rushing winds. 她正躺在床上,醒着,听着风声。
2.形容词作定语的位置
形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词前面,但在下列情况中形容词要放在名词后面:
(1)形容词作定语修饰some、any、every、no和body、thing、one等构成的复合不定代词时需后置。
There is nobody absent today.
今天没有人缺席。
(2)以-able或-ible结尾的形容词可置于前面有形容词最高级或only等词的名词之后。
This is the best book available.
这是现有的最好的一本书。
(3)以前缀a-开头的某些形容词,如alike、alive、afraid、awake、aware、asleep等,可置于only等词修饰的名词之后。
He was the only person awake at that time.
他是那时唯一醒着的人。
3.形容词短语一般需后置,往往相当于定语从句
We need a place twice larger than this one (which is twice larger than this one).
我们需要一个比这两倍大的地方。
4.多个形容词作定语修饰一个名词时的排列顺序
如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后。
(1)冠词+品质形容词+颜色形容词+类别形容词+所修饰词
(2)冠词+品质形容词+大小/年岁形容词+颜色形容词+国家形容词+分词+所修饰词
a little white wooden house一幢白色的小木屋
a beautiful old red French handmade cupboard一个漂亮的法国老式手工制作的红柜子
some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花
5.常见的复合形容词
(1)数词+名词(单数)
one-child独生子女的
three-hour三小时的
(2)形容词+(普通)名词
full-time全日制的
second-hand经营旧货的;二手的
first-rate第一流的
high-class高级的
mid-term期中的
(3)形容词+名词+-ed
kind-hearted好心的
cold-blooded无情的;冷血的
noble-minded高尚的
warm-hearted热情的
(4)形容词(副词)+现在分词
ugly-looking难看的
common-looking相貌一般的
hard-working勤劳的
easy-going随和的
ever-lasting永恒的
(5)名词+现在分词
life-saving救生的
mouth-watering令人垂涎的
ocean-going远洋的
peace-loving爱好和平的
English-speaking讲英语的
world-shaking震撼世界的
(6)名词+过去分词
hand-made手工制作的
heart-broken令人心碎的
(7)名词+形容词
ice-cold冰冷的
life-long终生的
world-famous世界著名的
snow-white雪白的
6.形容词比较级的用法
(1)“形容词比较级+than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less+多音节形容词/副词原级+than”结构表示“一方不及另一方……”。
The book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
(2)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is.
你越早看医生越好。
(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.
冬天来了,天气越来越冷。
(4)“the+比较级+of the two+名词” 表示“某人或某物是两者中较……的”。
Mike is the taller of the two boys.
迈克是两个男孩中个子比较高的那个。
(5)比较级可以用much、even、still、far、a little、a lot、rather等来修饰。
This movie is far more interesting than I expected.
这部电影比我原想的有意思得多。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Please don't misunderstand me. But don't you think we should take things a bit (easy), darling
(2)How (wonder) the school concert is! I've never watched a better one before.
(3)The less you play computer games, the (good) your study will be.
(4)Everyone wants to win in the contest. But I think the (important) is to learn something and have fun.
(5)The role will be one of the (big) challenges of his acting career.
(6)Road safety has aroused (wide) attention of the public than before.
(7)Wang Wei speaks English as (good)as Yang Lan. They both study English hard.
答案 (1)easier (2)wonderful (3)better
(4)most important (5)biggest (6)wider (7)well
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The woman (捐赠) a lot of money to the Red Cross every year.
2.The Indians were the (最早的) inhabitants of North America.
3.We've (通信) for years, but I've never actually met him.
4.They (把……交给) flowers to their teachers.
5.The 20th century witnessed those (突破) in science and technology.
6.When I left the hospital, I was completely (痊愈).
7.He dived from the bridge and (营救) the drowning child.
8.She was in a (困境) whether to stay at school or get a job.
9.She is an (直言不讳的) critic of the country's human rights policies.
答案 1.donates 2.original 3.corresponded 4.presented 5.breakthroughs 6.cured 7.rescued
8.dilemma 9.outspoken
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.终于,我们到家了,又累又饿。(arrive, tired)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.我听说你上周病了。你现在好一点了吗 (ill, better)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.我认为英语要比数学容易得多、有趣得多。(使用much修饰比较级)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.说着容易做着难。(carry out)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.目前,努力学习是你最重要的事情。(at present)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.互联网在人们的日常生活中起着重要作用。(play)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.At last, we arrived home, tired and hungry.
2.I hear that you were ill last week. Are you any better now
3.I think English is much easier and much more interesting than math.
4.It's easier said than carried out.
5.At present, studying hard is the most important thing for you.
6.The Internet plays an important role in people's daily lives.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
It's really a dilemma for us to choose the single most important discovery of 1. 20th century,because so many 2. (amaze) discoveries were made in such a large number of scientific 3. (area).Here are some pioneers of scientists.
Albert Einstein 4. (discover)the formula “E=mc2” when he was taking care 5. his little baby.
Alexander Fleming made another 6. (find): a kind of blue mould,later called penicillin,could be used 7. (kill) bacteria.
Eckert and Mauchly invented the world's first computer so as to improve the 8. (accurate) of the US Navy's missiles.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, 9. enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other.
The breakthroughs of these pioneers 10. (change) the world completely.
答案 1.the 2.amazing 3.areas 4.discovered 5.of 6.finding 7.to kill 8.accuracy 9.which 10.have changed
Ⅳ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
爱丽丝是个坦率(outspoken)、谦虚的(humble)人,她做过很多不同的工作,从服务员到(range from...to...)电脑程序编制员。但毋庸置疑(there is no doubt that),这一次她对于这份新工作感到很忐忑(uneasy)。两天了,她还没有得到面试的结果(outcome)。在此期间,她会继续努力高效地(efficiently)工作。她确信她会成功。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Alice is an outspoken and humble person. She has done many different jobs,ranging from waitress to computer programmer. But there is no doubt that this time she feels very uneasy about the new job. For two days,she hasn't got the outcome of the interview,during which she will continue to work hard and efficiently. She is sure that she will succeed.
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2023·四省适应性考试)My daughters and I took (turn) feeding the little cat, and Kaytlin took on the most responsibility.
2.(2022·天津)Searching the internet for stuttering (cure), I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered.
3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Behind it, the person is trying to figure who exactly I teach...the animals
4.(2021·天津第一次)We provide full furnishings, like (donate) kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were once homeless.
5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot (measure) by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”.
6.(2023·北京) amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour.
答案 1.turns 2.cures 3.out 4.donated 5.be measured 6.The
2(共75张PPT)
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化单词、短语和句式，并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，掌握形容词的用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.拓展单词
1._____________ n.款待；娱乐；娱乐节目→_________ vt.&vi.娱乐；招待；款待
2.__________ n. 新发明；新方法；新观念；革新；创新→_________ v.引入（新事物、
思想或方法）;创新;改革
3.__________ adj.多产的;丰饶的;富有成效的→________ v.生产；制作n.产品；（尤指）
农产品→__________ n.产量；生产
4._________ adj.科学（上）的→________ n.科学
5._______ vt.捐赠→_________ n.捐赠
entertainment
entertain
innovation
innovate
productive
produce
production
scientific
science
donate
donation
6._______ n.瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→_________ adv.立即；立刻
7.____________ adv.后来；随后→___________ adj.随后的；后来的
8._________ n.相对性→________adj.相关联的；相对的→________ n.关系；联系
→______ v.联系
9._______ n.研究的结果;发现→_____ vt.发现；找到
10._________ n.精确度；准确性；正确→________ adj.准确的；精确的→__________
adv.准确地；精确地
11.__________ adv.有效率地；高效能地→________ adj.有效率的；效率高的
→__________ n.效率
instant
instantly
subsequently
subsequent
relativity
relative
relation
relate
finding
find
accuracy
accurate
accurately
efficiently
efficient
efficiency
Ⅱ.短语快记
1.change _____随……而变化
2.turn ___求助于
3.figure ____算出；想出
4.single out ________
5.range from...to...__________________________________________
with
to
out
挑选出
范围从……到……;包括从……到……（范围）
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.In the summer of 1905，this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old
baby when he was suddenly inspired.（“be doing...when...”句式）
_____________________ with my three children when water started filling my home.
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始进水了。
I was having breakfast
2.There is no doubt about it.（“There is no doubt...”句式）
_____________________John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at
school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
There is no doubt that
3.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky
or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
（without短语表示含蓄虚拟条件）
______________________ and the new technique, we would not be able to see the
many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
没有新的颜料和新的（绘画）手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
Without the new paints
核心单词
知识点1 entertainment n.款待；娱乐；娱乐节目；表演会 ＊entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待 ＊entertaining adj.使人愉快的；有趣的
（牛津词典）There will be live entertainment at the party.
联欢会上将有现场表演节目。
知识拓展
entertain sb with sth 用某物使某人欢乐
entertain sb to sth 用某物招待/款待某人
entertain oneself 自娱自乐
经典佳句
The club offers us many entertaining activities, bringing us much entertainment.
这家俱乐部提供给我们很多有趣的活动，带给我们很多娱乐。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I found the talk both informative and ___________ （entertain）.
（2）He entertained us for hours _____his stories and jokes.
entertaining
with
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Being a clown doctor means I can help people ___________________.
当小丑医生意味着我可以通过娱乐人们来帮助他们。
（4）______________________ by his humorous stories just now.
刚才他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。
by entertaining them
We were all entertained
知识点2 gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的 ＊gift n.天赋；天才；礼物
（牛津词典）Mary is a gifted but erratic player.
玛丽是一名有天赋的运动员，但发挥不稳定。
知识拓展
be gifted at/in... 在……方面有天赋
have a gift for... 对……有天赋
经典佳句
He is a confident and gifted Australian photographer.
他是一名自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师。
The little girl has a gift for music and promises to be a musician.
那个小女孩有音乐天赋，有望成为一名音乐家。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Their daughter has ___ gift for language while their son is a ______ （gift）
pianist.
（2）She is proud that both her children have a gift ____music.
a
gifted
for
知识点3 donate v.捐赠；赠送 ＊donation n.捐赠；捐献 ＊donator n.捐赠者 ＊donated adj.捐赠的
（P52）Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.
医学上的进步范围很广，从利用显微镜揭示病因，到施行手术，用捐赠的器官做器官移植。
知识拓展
donate...to... 把……捐赠给……
make a donation to... 向……捐赠
collect donations for... 为……募捐
经典佳句
It is mandatory for blood banks to test all donated blood for the virus.
血库必须检查所有捐献的血中是否含有这种病毒。
Just as we were in great need of fund， a wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.
正当我们急需资金时，一名富有的赞助人的慷慨捐助解救了我们。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The old man donated a lot of money ___ the school, enabling the students to
return to their classroom.
（2）She made a _________ （donate） of a thousand dollars to the earthquake-
stricken area.
（3）Volunteers came with carloads of ________ （donate） clothing and toys.
to
donation
donated
知识点4 correspond vi.通信；相一致；符合 ＊correspondence n.来往信件；相似；通信 ＊correspondent n.记者；通讯员；通信者
（P52）Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones，and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.
随着移动电话的推行，通信方式也发生了变化，我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和短信。
知识拓展
correspond with sb 和某人通信
correspond with/to... 与……相符合
correspond to... 相当于……
经典佳句
What he said correspond with what he did.
他所说的跟他所做的相符合。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She still ___________ （correspond） with American friends she met in New
York two years ago.
（2）The American Congress corresponds ___ the British Parliament.
corresponds
to
知识点5 amount n.数量 v.总计；共计；相当于；等于
（P52）It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy.
它表明了质量很小的物质是如何产生令人难以置信的能量的。
知识拓展
the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of+不可数名词 大量的……/少量的……
large/small amounts of+不可数名词 大量的……/少量的……
amount to 共计；总计；等于；相当于
经典佳句
Everyone should try to reduce the amount of salt in their diet.
大家都应该尽量在饮食中减少盐的摄入量。
The cost of the book amounted to ￡250， which is too much for me to afford.
这本书的费用高达250英镑，我负担不起。
名师点拨
（1）“a large/small amount of +不可数名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式；“large/small amounts of +不可数名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
（2）表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of、a great deal of、a lot of、plenty of、a large quantity of 等。
①a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；
②a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；
③a lot of、 plenty of、 a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Consumers spending on sports-related products _________________________.
消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。
（2）Even worse，______________ fast food that people eat goes up.
更糟的是，人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
（3）________________________ is spent on the construction of the school.
大量的钱被花在该学校的建设上。
amounted to ￡9.75 billion
the amount of
A large amount of money
知识点6 cure v.治愈；治好；矫正；改正 n.治愈；痊愈；治疗方法
（P53）During World War Ⅱ，when Fleming's discovery was first helping to cure people，the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.
二战期间，正当弗莱明的发明首次被用来为人们治病时，美国海军正在寻找能提高导弹精确度的方法。
知识拓展
cure sb of... 治愈/改正某人的……
a cure for （疾病的）治疗方法
经典佳句
Researchers find cures for certain diseases often by using the forests' plant and animal life.
研究人员通常通过利用森林动植物找出某些疾病的治疗方法。
He has been completely cured of his illness.
他已经彻底痊愈了。
易混辨析
cure、treat和heal的用法辨析：
cure “治愈；治好”，主要指治愈疾病。搭配：cure sb of...
treat “治疗”，但不一定治愈。搭配：treat sb for...
heal “治愈”，但多指治愈外伤（wound、injury、cut、burn等）
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）He tried to cure his child ___ the habit.
（2）Scientists have so far failed to provide a cure ____the disease.
of
for
Ⅱ.用cure、treat、heal的适当形式填空
（3）The medicine and rest will soon _____ your wound.
（4）—Has the doctor ______ the old woman of her illness
—No， he _______ her but didn't _____ her.
（5）He is being _______ for a rare skin disease.
heal
cured
treated
cure
treated
知识点7 measure vt.测量；度量；估量 n.措施；方法
（P53）It measured 100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over 30,000 kilograms.
它有100英尺长,10多英尺高，并且重达30 000多千克。
知识拓展
take measures/steps to do sth 采取措施做某事
made to measure 量身定制的
measure sth by sth 用某物来衡量某物
经典佳句
Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant.
思考测量大象重量的办法。
名师点拨
measure表示“量度为……”时，是系动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Obviously，it is high time that we took some _________（measure） to solve
the problem.
（2）It can not ____________（measure） in terms of money.
（3）The government has promised to take measures ________（help） the
unemployed.
（4）The house is more than twenty meters long and _________（measure） six
meters in width.
measures
be measured
to help
measures
知识点8 propose v.提议；建议；打算；提名；求婚 ＊proposal n.提议；建议
（P53）During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.
在冷战期间,两位美国科学家提出了一个“巨大的计算机网络”（的概念）。
知识拓展
propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose to do sth 打算做某事
propose sth to sb 向某人提议某事
propose to sb 向某人求婚
propose that...（should） do sth 建议做某事
propose sb for/as sth 推荐某人担任
经典佳句
The government proposed changes to the voting system.
政府建议修改表决制度。
The proposal for a new high-speed railway met with strong support.
新建高速铁路的提议得到了大力支持。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The famous reporter proposed that the book_____________________（ban）.
（2）Where do you propose ________________（build） such a huge sculpture
（3）A _________（propose） to merge the two companies was voted through
yesterday.
（should） be banned
building/to build
proposal
短语句式
知识点9 figure out 计算出；弄清楚；理解
（P52）We started flying around the world，launching satellites into orbit and, at the same time， scientists figured out how to split the atom， previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.
我们开始坐飞机周游世界，把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时，科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前，原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
知识拓展
figure in... 把……考虑在内
figure on 计划；打算；预料到
figure sb to be 料想某人是……
经典佳句
I am so confused that I can't figure out how to do this.
我很困惑，因此不清楚怎样做这件事。
They have figured in the cost of our food for the trip.
他们已把我们旅游的食物费用考虑在内了。
融会应用 写出下列句中figure out的含义
（1）I can't figure out why he quit his job.
______
（2）Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost？
________
（3）Can you figure out the truth of the news？
________
理解
计算出
弄清楚
知识点10 turn to （向某人）求助；注意；翻到（……页）
（P53）The navy turned to Eckert, an engineer, and Mauchly, a physicist, to deal with the problem and produce a machine to do the job in a joint effort.
海军方面向工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利求助，希望他们能解决这个问题，并共同努力制造一台能完成这份工作的机器。
知识拓展
turn up 出现；露面；开大；调高；找到；发现
turn down 调小；调低；拒绝
turn on 打开（自来水）；开（煤气、灯、电视等）
turn off 关掉（煤气、自来水等）
turn out 结果是
turn in 交出
turn over 翻过来；翻转
turn...into... 把……变成……
经典佳句
The party was almost over，but Jane still didn't turn up. Tom was very disappointed. He didn't know why Jane didn't turn down his invitation if she didn't want to come. He turned over the bottles on the tables， and the rest guests left the hall in shock. Tom turned off all the lights in the hall，turning the hall into a world of darkness. No one could imagine how upset he was!
聚会快结束了，但简还是没出现。汤姆非常失望。他不知道如果简不想来，为什么不拒绝他的邀请。他打翻了桌上的瓶子，其余的客人都惊愕地离开了大厅。汤姆关掉了大厅里所有的灯，把大厅变成了一个黑暗的世界。没人能想象他有多难过！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The car was turned _____ and the driver was seriously injured.
（2）Be calm and sit tight, and everything will turn ____ well.
（3）Please remember to turn ____ all the lights when you leave.
（4）She turn ______ every offer of help.
over
out
off
down
知识点11 although引导让步状语从句
（P52）Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century.
尽管不太可能选出哪项发现是最重要的,但是挑选出20世纪的几位先驱还是可能的。
知识拓展
句中的Although引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”，可用While/Though替换。
其他可引导让步状语从句的常用连词：
（1）even though/even if 即使；尽管
（2）whether...or... 不管……还是……
（3）疑问词+-ever/no matter+疑问句 不管……；无论……
While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
=I do not have much time available although/though I am willing to help.
=Although/Though I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。
Whatever（=No matter what） you say，he won't believe you.
无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。
名师点拨
需要注意的是，while引导的让步状语从句通常位于主句之前，而although/though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或之后。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He is unhappy， _______________ he has a lot of money.
（2）_____________________ I admit that there are problems， I don't agree that
they cannot be solved.
（3）Even _________ it is raining， we'll go there.
though/although
While/Though/Although
though/if
知识点12 There is no doubt...
（P53） There is no doubt about it.
这是毫无疑问的。
知识拓展
句中的There is no doubt...表示“毫无疑问……”。
（1）There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 是否……还不确定。
（2）同位语从句通常由that、whether、how、where、when、why 等连接词引导，常放在doubt、fact、news、idea、truth、hope、problem等名词的后面，解释说明该名词的具体内容。
There's no doubt that you can gain more benefits from it.
毫无疑问,你会从中获得更多的益处。
There is some doubt whether the old man will recover from the operation.
人们怀疑这位老人能否从手术中恢复。
He studies very hard， so there is no doubt that he will pass the exam.
他学习很努力，所以他会通过这次考试是毫无疑问的。
名师点拨
doubt可以作名词也可以作动词。用于肯定句时，其同位语从句和宾语从句用whether引导，不用if或that；用于否定句和疑问句时，其同位语从句和宾语从句用that引导，不用whether或if。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）There is no doubt _____ smoking can seriously damage our health.
（2）We will discuss the problem ________ the sports meeting will be held on time.
（3）I have no idea _____ the cellphone isn't working， so could you fix it for me
that
whether
why
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）_____________________cellphones and the Internet are the most important
means of communication.
毫无疑问，手机和互联网是最重要的信息交流工具。
There is no doubt that
（5）___________________________ John will come on time.
约翰会不会准时来还不太确定。
There is some doubt whether
形容词
探究点 形容词的基本用法
1.形容词的作用与功能
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语等。
成分 例句
作定语 In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the country.
你在信中询问这个国家不同地区的时间问题。
成分 例句
作表语 有些形容词通常作表语，常见的有well、ill （生病） 以及前缀a-开头的部分
形容词，如afraid、alike、alive、alone、asleep、awake等。
Even when you are asleep you are using energy.
即使你睡着了，你仍然在消耗能量。
I hope you weren't ill. You don't look very well.
但愿你没生病。你的脸色看起来不太好。
作主语 补足语 The fish was caught alive.
这条鱼是被活捉的。
续表
成分 例句
作宾语 补足语 Now you have to pull it to make the surface smooth like that.
现在你必须拉动它以使表面像那样光滑。
作状语 She was lying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing winds.
她正躺在床上，醒着，听着风声。
续表
2.形容词作定语的位置
形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词前面，但在下列情况中形容词要放在名词后面：
（1）形容词作定语修饰some、any、every、no和body、thing、one等构成的复合不定代词时需后置。
There is nobody absent today.
今天没有人缺席。
（2）以-able或-ible结尾的形容词可置于前面有形容词最高级或only等词的名词之后。
This is the best book available.
这是现有的最好的一本书。
（3）以前缀a-开头的某些形容词，如alike、alive、afraid、awake、aware、asleep等，可置于only等词修饰的名词之后。
He was the only person awake at that time.
他是那时唯一醒着的人。
3.形容词短语一般需后置，往往相当于定语从句
We need a place twice larger than this one （which is twice larger than this one）.
我们需要一个比这两倍大的地方。
4.多个形容词作定语修饰一个名词时的排列顺序
如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。
（1）冠词+品质形容词+颜色形容词+类别形容词+所修饰词
（2）冠词+品质形容词+大小/年岁形容词+颜色形容词+国家形容词+分词+所修饰词
a little white wooden house一幢白色的小木屋
a beautiful old red French handmade cupboard一个漂亮的法国老式手工制作的红柜子
some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花
5.常见的复合形容词
（1）数词+名词（单数）
one-child独生子女的
three-hour三小时的
（2）形容词+（普通）名词
full-time全日制的
second-hand经营旧货的；二手的
first-rate第一流的
high-class高级的
mid-term期中的
（3）形容词+名词+-ed
kind-hearted好心的
cold-blooded无情的；冷血的
noble-minded高尚的
warm-hearted热情的
（4）形容词（副词）+现在分词
ugly-looking难看的
common-looking相貌一般的
hard-working勤劳的
easy-going随和的
ever-lasting永恒的
（5）名词+现在分词
life-saving救生的
mouth-watering令人垂涎的
ocean-going远洋的
peace-loving爱好和平的
English-speaking讲英语的
world-shaking震撼世界的
（6）名词+过去分词
hand-made手工制作的
heart-broken令人心碎的
（7）名词+形容词
ice-cold冰冷的
life-long终生的
world-famous世界著名的
snow-white雪白的
6.形容词比较级的用法
（1）“形容词比较级+than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less+多音节形容词/副词原级+than”结构表示“一方不及另一方……”。
The book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
（2）“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is.
你越早看医生越好。
（3）“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.
冬天来了，天气越来越冷。
（4）“the+比较级+of the two+名词” 表示“某人或某物是两者中较……的”。
Mike is the taller of the two boys.
迈克是两个男孩中个子比较高的那个。
（5）比较级可以用much、even、still、far、a little、a lot、rather等来修饰。
This movie is far more interesting than I expected.
这部电影比我原想的有意思得多。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Please don't misunderstand me. But don't you think we should take things a bit
______ （easy）, darling
（2）How __________（wonder） the school concert is! I've never watched a better
one before.
（3）The less you play computer games, the______（good） your study will be.
easier
wonderful
better
（4）Everyone wants to win in the contest. But I think the ______________
（important） is to learn something and have fun.
（5）The role will be one of the _______ （big） challenges of his acting career.
（6）Road safety has aroused ______ （wide） attention of the public than before.
（7）Wang Wei speaks English as _____ （good）as Yang Lan. They both study
English hard.
most important
biggest
wider
well
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The woman ________（捐赠） a lot of money to the Red Cross every year.
2.The Indians were the ________（最早的） inhabitants of North America.
3.We've ____________（通信） for years, but I've never actually met him.
donates
original
corresponded
4.They _________（把……交给） flowers to their teachers.
5.The 20th century witnessed those _____________（突破） in science and
technology.
6.When I left the hospital, I was completely ______（痊愈）.
7.He dived from the bridge and ________（营救） the drowning child.
8.She was in a _________（困境） whether to stay at school or get a job.
9.She is an __________（直言不讳的） critic of the country's human rights policies.
presented
breakthroughs
cured
rescued
dilemma
outspoken
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。（arrive, tired）
_______________________________________
2.我听说你上周病了。你现在好一点了吗？（ill, better）
_______________________________________________________
3.我认为英语要比数学容易得多、有趣得多。（使用much修饰比较级）
______________________________________________________________
At last, we arrived home, tired and hungry.
I hear that you were ill last week. Are you any better now
I think English is much easier and much more interesting than math.
4.说着容易做着难。（carry out）
_____________________________
5.目前，努力学习是你最重要的事情。（at present）
________________________________________________________
6.互联网在人们的日常生活中起着重要作用。（play）
_____________________________________________________
It's easier said than carried out.
At present, studying hard is the most important thing for you.
The Internet plays an important role in people's daily lives.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
It's really a dilemma for us to choose the single most important discovery of
1.____ 20th century，because so many 2.________（amaze） discoveries were made
in such a large number of scientific 3.______（area）.Here are some pioneers of
scientists.
Albert Einstein 4.__________（discover）the formula “E=mc2” when he was
taking care 5.___ his little baby.
Alexander Fleming made another 6._______（find）： a kind of blue mould，
later called penicillin，could be used 7._______ （kill） bacteria.
the
amazing
areas
discovered
of
finding
to kill
Eckert and Mauchly invented the world's first computer so as to improve the
8._________（accurate） of the US Navy's missiles.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, 9._______ enabled computers all
over the world to communicate with each other.
The breakthroughs of these pioneers 10._____________（change） the world
completely.
accuracy
which
have changed
Ⅳ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
爱丽丝是个坦率（outspoken）、谦虚的（humble）人，她做过很多不同的工作，从服务员到（range from...to...）电脑程序编制员。但毋庸置疑（there is no doubt that），这一次她对于这份新工作感到很忐忑（uneasy）。两天了，她还没有得到面试的结果（outcome）。在此期间，她会继续努力高效地（efficiently）工作。她确信她会成功。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Alice is an outspoken and humble person. She has done many different jobs,ranging from waitress to computer programmer. But there is no doubt that this time she feels very uneasy about the new job. For two days,she hasn't got the outcome of the interview,during which she will continue to work hard and efficiently. She is sure that she will succeed.
单句填空
1.（2023·四省适应性考试）My daughters and I took ______ （turn） feeding the
little cat, and Kaytlin took on the most responsibility.
turns
2.（2022·天津）Searching the internet for stuttering ______（cure）， I accidentally
learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered.
cures
3.（2023·新课标Ⅱ）Behind it, the person is trying to figure ____ who exactly I
teach...the animals
out
4.（2021·天津第一次）We provide full furnishings, like________（donate） kitchen
equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were once homeless.
donated
5.（2021·新高考Ⅰ）Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost
everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot ____________（measure） by
an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and
“people skills”.
be measured
6.（2023·北京）_____amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple
factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour.
The
