(共33张PPT)
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Section Ⅴ Writing
1.通过阅读熟悉英语正反观点对比类议论文的文体特征，并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.根据主题表达的需要，列出主要信息，组织写作的基本结构。（语言能力）
3.写作时做到内容表达的完整性、行文的连贯性、遣词造句的准确性。（学习能力）
正反观点对比类议论文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇正反观点对比类议论文。
作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非、举例子等方法，直接表达自己的观点和主张的文体属于议论文。正反观点类议论文是其中的一种，通常提出某观点或某话题，并指出对此话题产生的两种对立观点，对正反两方面的论点进行论证，最后给出自己的看法。此类议论文应注意以下几点:
1.此类文章的结构一般为:引语—正方观点—反方观点—结论。
2.文章要做到要点完整、条理清晰。各段之间层次清楚，以使文章显得有条理。从段落内部的层次上讲，每一段一般又分为三部分:主题句、扩展句和总结句。
3.常用一般现在时。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用短语
1.result in 导致
2.in conclusion 最后；总之
3.be opposed to 反对
4.be in favor of 赞成；支持
5.be widely used 被广泛使用
6.as far as I am concerned 在我看来
7.make a difference 起作用；有影响
8.take ...into consideration 把……考虑在内
9.on the one hand...， on the other hand... 一方面……，另一方面……
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Different people have different views on space exploration.不同的人对太空探索有不同的看法。
2.It makes us feel proud of our nation.它使我们为我们的国家感到自豪。
3.Every coin has two sides.事物都有两面性。
4.Generally speaking， its advantages can be seen as follows.一般来说， 它的优点如下。
5.Some people firmly believe we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways.有些人坚信， 我们从许多不同方面的科学进步中获益良多。
6.Taking all factors into consideration， we may safely come to the conclusion that there are quite a few opportunities in our society.把所有的因素加以考虑， 我们可以有把握地得出结论:在我们的社会中存在着相当多的机会。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，探索宇宙对我们有很大的益处；也有一些人认为，探索太空耗费了大量的人力、物力。请你根据以上情况写一篇议论文并发表自己的观点。
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
明确体裁、话题 议论文：人类是否应该进行宇宙探索
确定时态、人称 以一般现在时为主，以第三人称为主
布局文章架构 第一段:提出论点，简明扼要地提出论点：人类是否应该进行宇宙
探索；
第二段:给出论据，从正反两方面给出支持和反对进行宇宙探索的
原因；
第三段:得出结论，阐述个人观点并说明原因
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译短语
（1）_____________________ 关于……进行讨论
（2）_______________ 值得做
（3）_______________ 被用来做……
（4）___________________ 从……受益良多
（5）_______________ 天气预报
（6）_______________ 能源短缺
have a discussion on...
be worth doing
be used to do...
benefit a lot from...
weather forecast
energy shortage
2.翻译句子
（1）太空探索浪费了很多时间和金钱。
_____________________________________________
Space exploration wastes lots of time and money.
（2）这些时间和金钱可以用来解决地球的饥饿和污染等问题。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________
The time and money can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution.
（3）70%的人认为太空值得探索。
_________________________________
70% think space is worth exploring.
（4）我们从太空探索中受益匪浅。
___________________________________________
（5）总有一天，我们可以搬到其他星球以解决人口问题。（by doing）
____________________________________________________________________
We have benefited a lot from space exploration.
We may solve the population problem by moving to other planets some day.
（6）太空研究将使我们能够找到新的能源来解决地球上的能源短缺问题。（动词不定
式作目的状语）
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________
Space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用非限制性定语从句合并上题的句（1）和句（2）
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
Space exploration wastes lots of time and money， which can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution.
2.用because 引导的原因状语从句合并上题的句（3）和句（4）
_____________________________________________________________________
70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子，加上恰当的连接词和过渡句，必要时可以改变句式，使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
Recently， the students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
On one hand， 30% of us think space exploration wastes lots of time and money， which can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast.
I think space exploration is worthwhile. With further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets some day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
主题写作
假定你是李华，今天你校组织学生参观了市博物馆举办的“中国航天成就展”。请在你的博客上用英语写一篇博文，分享此次活动，内容包括:
1.参加人员；
2.活动内容（聆听讲座、观看视频、体验太空漫步等）；
3.个人感想。
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.题目已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Achievements Expo of China Aerospace
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Today's trip to the City Museum is really a memorable experience and this will be engraved in my mind forever.
All Senior 1 students visited an exhibition themed on “Achievements of China Aerospace”.First， we attended informative lectures and watched extremely exciting videos about launching rockets， which allowed us to get deeper insights into China Aerospace. Then came the highlight， experiencing thrilling and funny spacewalks in almost zero gravity.
Amazed by the outstanding achievements and touched by the spirit of China Aerospace experts， I'll apply myself to study so that I can make contributions to our country like them one day.
1.They distributed their products over New York by truck and the distribution took them a long time.
他们用卡车在纽约分发产品，分发工作花了他们很长时间。
2.In conclusion， walking is a cheap， safe， enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。
3.The doctor asked the patient to be confident of her recovery from the disease， for this kind of disease is curable，and she was strong enough to recover from it soon.
医生要求病人对自己的康复有信心，因为这种病是可以治愈的，而且她足够强健，很快就能康复。
4.Hundreds of years on， and with the latest technology in hand， the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，贸易需求和加强关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋奔向未来。
5.Nowadays， many teenagers' opinions conflict with their parents'. That's why they are often in conflict with each other.
现今，许多青少年的观点与他们父母的观点不一致，这就是他们之间经常有冲突的原因。
美篇导读
世界名著《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品，是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。小说全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神，又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
美篇呈现
Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and Heathcliff as children
1770 When I was a child，I was always at Wuthering Heights，because my mother was a servant with the Earnshaw family. They are a very old family who have lived in that house for centuries, as you can see from their names on the stone over the front door. I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw， and we three played together as children.
One day，their father Mr Earnshaw came back from a long journey. He had travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business， and was very tired.
“Look what I've brought you！” he told us all，unwrapping① something he was holding carefully in his arms. Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents, and they rushed eagerly② to see what it was. They were very disappointed to see only a dirty, black-haired gipsy③ child.
“I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool，” Mr Earnshaw explained to them，“and I couldn't leave him to die. He can sleep in your room.” But Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents， and refused to let the strange child share their room. However Mr Earnshaw insisted， and little by little the boy became accepted by the family. He was called Heathcliff，as a first and last name. No one ever discovered who his parents had been.
Catherine and he became great friends，but Hindley hated him， and was often cruel to him. Old Mr Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child， and frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff. Hindley began to be jealous④ of his father's feelings for Heathcliff， and saw them both as enemies.
艾伦·迪恩的故事——凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫的童年
1770年 我小时候一直在呼啸山庄，因为我母亲在欧肖家做佣人。欧肖家是一个很古老的家族，在那幢宅子住了好几百年，你能从门前石头上刻着的名字看出来。我是同凯瑟琳和亨德雷·欧肖一起长大的，小时候我们仨都在一起玩儿。
一天，他们的父亲欧肖先生出远门回来。他步行了六十英里去利物浦办事后又赶回来， 非常疲倦。
“看我给你们带来了什么！”他一边对我们大家说，一边打开了怀里小心抱着的东西。凯瑟琳和亨德雷正盼望着是礼物呢，兴冲冲地围上来看到底是什么东西。当他们只看到一个脏兮兮、黑头发的吉卜赛孩子时，他们大失所望。
“我看到他孤零零地待在利物浦繁忙的街头，”欧肖先生对他们解释说，“我总不能让他就那么死了吧。他可以睡在你们的房里。”但亨德雷和凯瑟琳气恼没有得到礼物， 不肯让这个陌生的孩子睡在他们的房间。但在欧肖先生的坚持下，一家人还是渐渐地接受了这个孩子。大家都叫他希斯克利夫，既是名， 也是姓。始终没人搞清楚他的父母是谁。
凯瑟琳和他成了好朋友，但亨德雷不喜欢他，对他常常很粗暴。老欧肖先生异乎寻常地喜欢这个吉卜赛孩子，时常因为自己的儿子对希斯克利夫不友善而惩罚他。亨德雷开始嫉妒他父亲对希斯克利夫的感情，视他俩为敌。
知识积累
①unwrap vt.打开
②eagerly adv.渴望地；热切地
③gipsy n.吉卜赛人
④jealous adj.妒忌的
素养链接
艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Bronte）是19世纪英国的一位诗人和小说家。她在这个世界上仅仅度过了三十年，便默默无声地离开了人间。她写过一些极为深沉的抒情诗，包括叙事诗和短诗。
她与《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Bronte）及她们的小妹妹——《艾格尼丝·格雷》（Agnes Grey）的作者安妮·勃朗特（Anne Bronte）并称“勃朗特三姐妹”，在英国19世纪文坛上焕发异彩。Unit 11 Section Ⅴ Writing
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读熟悉英语正反观点对比类议论文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
2.根据主题表达的需要,列出主要信息,组织写作的基本结构。(语言能力)
3.写作时做到内容表达的完整性、行文的连贯性、遣词造句的准确性。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
写作探究
正反观点对比类议论文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇正反观点对比类议论文。
作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非、举例子等方法,直接表达自己的观点和主张的文体属于议论文。正反观点类议论文是其中的一种,通常提出某观点或某话题,并指出对此话题产生的两种对立观点,对正反两方面的论点进行论证,最后给出自己的看法。此类议论文应注意以下几点:
1.此类文章的结构一般为:引语—正方观点—反方观点—结论。
2.文章要做到要点完整、条理清晰。各段之间层次清楚,以使文章显得有条理。从段落内部的层次上讲,每一段一般又分为三部分:主题句、扩展句和总结句。
3.常用一般现在时。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用短语
1.result in 导致
2.in conclusion 最后;总之
3.be opposed to 反对
4.be in favor of 赞成;支持
5.be widely used 被广泛使用
6.as far as I am concerned 在我看来
7.make a difference 起作用;有影响
8.take ...into consideration 把……考虑在内
9.on the one hand..., on the other hand... 一方面……,另一方面……
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Different people have different views on space exploration.不同的人对太空探索有不同的看法。
2.It makes us feel proud of our nation.它使我们为我们的国家感到自豪。
3.Every coin has two sides.事物都有两面性。
4.Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows.一般来说, 它的优点如下。
5.Some people firmly believe we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways.有些人坚信, 我们从许多不同方面的科学进步中获益良多。
6.Taking all factors into consideration, we may safely come to the conclusion that there are quite a few opportunities in our society.把所有的因素加以考虑, 我们可以有把握地得出结论:在我们的社会中存在着相当多的机会。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙对我们有很大的益处;也有一些人认为,探索太空耗费了大量的人力、物力。请你根据以上情况写一篇议论文并发表自己的观点。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
明确体 裁、话题 议论文:人类是否应该进行宇宙探索
确定时 态、人称 以一般现在时为主,以第三人称为主
布局文 章架构 第一段:提出论点,简明扼要地提出论点:人类是否应该进行宇宙探索; 第二段:给出论据,从正反两方面给出支持和反对进行宇宙探索的原因; 第三段:得出结论,阐述个人观点并说明原因
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译短语
(1) 关于……进行讨论
(2) 值得做
(3) 被用来做……
(4) 从……受益良多
(5) 天气预报
(6) 能源短缺
答案 (1)have a discussion on... (2)be worth doing (3)be used to do... (4)benefit a lot from... (5)weather forecast (6)energy shortage
2.翻译句子
(1)太空探索浪费了很多时间和金钱。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)这些时间和金钱可以用来解决地球的饥饿和污染等问题。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3)70%的人认为太空值得探索。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4)我们从太空探索中受益匪浅。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5)总有一天,我们可以搬到其他星球以解决人口问题。(by doing)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(6)太空研究将使我们能够找到新的能源来解决地球上的能源短缺问题。(动词不定式作目的状语)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
(1)Space exploration wastes lots of time and money.
(2)The time and money can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution.
(3)70% think space is worth exploring.
(4)We have benefited a lot from space exploration.
(5)We may solve the population problem by moving to other planets some day.
(6)Space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用非限制性定语从句合并上题的句(1)和句(2)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.用because 引导的原因状语从句合并上题的句(3)和句(4)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.Space exploration wastes lots of time and money, which can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution.
2.70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
Recently, the students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
On one hand, 30% of us think space exploration wastes lots of time and money, which can be used to solve the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast.
I think space exploration is worthwhile.With further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets some day.Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
主题写作
假定你是李华,今天你校组织学生参观了市博物馆举办的“中国航天成就展”。请在你的博客上用英语写一篇博文,分享此次活动,内容包括:
1.参加人员;
2.活动内容(聆听讲座、观看视频、体验太空漫步等);
3.个人感想。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.题目已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Achievements Expo of China Aerospace
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Achievements Expo of China Aerospace
Today's trip to the City Museum is really a memorable experience and this will be engraved in my mind forever.
All Senior 1 students visited an exhibition themed on “Achievements of China Aerospace”.First, we attended informative lectures and watched extremely exciting videos about launching rockets, which allowed us to get deeper insights into China Aerospace.Then came the highlight, experiencing thrilling and funny spacewalks in almost zero gravity.
Amazed by the outstanding achievements and touched by the spirit of China Aerospace experts, I'll apply myself to study so that I can make contributions to our country like them one day.
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.They distributed their products over New York by truck and the distribution took them a long time.
他们用卡车在纽约分发产品,分发工作花了他们很长时间。
2.In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总而言之,散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。
3.The doctor asked the patient to be confident of her recovery from the disease, for this kind of disease is curable,and she was strong enough to recover from it soon.
医生要求病人对自己的康复有信心,因为这种病是可以治愈的,而且她足够强健,很快就能康复。
4.Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了,在掌握了最新技术的情况下,贸易需求和加强关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋奔向未来。
5.Nowadays, many teenagers' opinions conflict with their parents'. That's why they are often in conflict with each other.
现今,许多青少年的观点与他们父母的观点不一致,这就是他们之间经常有冲突的原因。
英美文化
美篇导读
世界名著《呼啸山庄》(Wuthering Heights)是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品,是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。小说全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神,又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
美篇呈现
Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and
Heathcliff as children
1770 When I was a child,I was always at Wuthering Heights,because my mother was a servant with the Earnshaw family.They are a very old family who have lived in that house for centuries, as you can see from their names on the stone over the front door.I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw, and we three played together as children.
One day,their father Mr Earnshaw came back from a long journey.He had travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business, and was very tired.
“Look what I've brought you!” he told us all,unwrapping① something he was holding carefully in his arms.Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents, and they rushed eagerly② to see what it was. They were very disappointed to see only a dirty, black-haired gipsy③ child.
“I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool,” Mr Earnshaw explained to them,“and I couldn't leave him to die.He can sleep in your room.” But Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents, and refused to let the strange child share their room.However Mr Earnshaw insisted, and little by little the boy became accepted by the family.He was called Heathcliff,as a first and last name.No one ever discovered who his parents had been.
Catherine and he became great friends,but Hindley hated him, and was often cruel to him.Old Mr Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child, and frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff.Hindley began to be jealous④ of his father's feelings for Heathcliff, and saw them both as enemies.
艾伦·迪恩的故事——凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫的童年
1770年 我小时候一直在呼啸山庄,因为我母亲在欧肖家做佣人。欧肖家是一个很古老的家族,在那幢宅子住了好几百年,你能从门前石头上刻着的名字看出来。我是同凯瑟琳和亨德雷·欧肖一起长大的,小时候我们仨都在一起玩儿。
一天,他们的父亲欧肖先生出远门回来。他步行了六十英里去利物浦办事后又赶回来, 非常疲倦。
“看我给你们带来了什么!”他一边对我们大家说,一边打开了怀里小心抱着的东西。凯瑟琳和亨德雷正盼望着是礼物呢,兴冲冲地围上来看到底是什么东西。当他们只看到一个脏兮兮、黑头发的吉卜赛孩子时,他们大失所望。
“我看到他孤零零地待在利物浦繁忙的街头,”欧肖先生对他们解释说,“我总不能让他就那么死了吧。他可以睡在你们的房里。”但亨德雷和凯瑟琳气恼没有得到礼物, 不肯让这个陌生的孩子睡在他们的房间。但在欧肖先生的坚持下,一家人还是渐渐地接受了这个孩子。大家都叫他希斯克利夫,既是名, 也是姓。始终没人搞清楚他的父母是谁。
凯瑟琳和他成了好朋友,但亨德雷不喜欢他,对他常常很粗暴。老欧肖先生异乎寻常地喜欢这个吉卜赛孩子,时常因为自己的儿子对希斯克利夫不友善而惩罚他。亨德雷开始嫉妒他父亲对希斯克利夫的感情,视他俩为敌。
知识积累
①unwrap vt.打开
②eagerly adv.渴望地;热切地
③gipsy n.吉卜赛人
④jealous adj.妒忌的
素养链接
艾米莉·勃朗特(Emily Bronte)是19世纪英国的一位诗人和小说家。她在这个世界上仅仅度过了三十年,便默默无声地离开了人间。她写过一些极为深沉的抒情诗,包括叙事诗和短诗。
她与《简·爱》(Jane Eyre)的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特(Charlotte Bronte)及她们的小妹妹——《艾格尼丝·格雷》(Agnes Grey)的作者安妮·勃朗特(Anne Bronte)并称“勃朗特三姐妹”,在英国19世纪文坛上焕发异彩。
乔布斯
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