备战2024年高考英语模拟卷03（上海卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a theatre. B. At a train station C. At an airport. D. At a restaurant.
2. A. $1.5. B. $4.5. C. $6.5. D. $8.5.
3. A. They shouldn’t change their plan. B. They’d better change their mind.
C. The tennis game won’t last long. D. The weather forecast is not reliable.
4. A. Tom was killed in the accident. B.Someone saved Tom's life.
C.It did little damage to Tom's car. D. Tom survived the accident.
5. A. He will impress everybody with the presentation.
B.He thinks she will do as good a job as she did last time.
C. She will be successful if she practice more
D. She has good reason to worry about the speech
6. A. Teacher and students. B. Doctor and patient.
C. Manager and office worker. D. Travel agent and customer.
7. A. He is too busy himself. B. He doesn't want to help her.
C. He'd be glad to help after finishing his own work. D. He has already finished his own work.
8. A. They are reading a newspaper. B. They are watching TV.
C. They are discussing new foreign films. D. They are talking about their weekends.
9.A. The battery is not correctly positioned.
B. She doesn’t know how the calculator works.
C. The calculator needs a new battery.
D. The man should enter the number in a different way.
10. A. The advertised jobs are in French and Spanish
B. The notice appeared in French and Spanish newspapers
C.She would like to teach the man French and Spanish
D. French and Spanish are necessary for the job.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The U.S. is not one of the happiest countries in the world
B. The U.S. experienced a decline in happiness only from 2005 to 2007 .
C. The U.S. is not included in the top 10 happiest countries
D. The U.S. is among the 47 countries experiencing a decline in happiness
12. A. Greece . B. Burundi. C. Denmark . D. Australia.
13.A.Quality education. B. Safety from crime C. Good health. D. Wealth.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. Understanding how to cooperate. B. The beginning of how to communicate
C. Considering what others need. D. The first day at the family day-care home
15. A. Children should be taught to share as early as possible.
B. By the age of four, most children are ready to share what they have.
C. A care provider should never say the toy belongs to a certain child.
D. Children can learn to share when playing with other children.
16. A. In a group game, the care provider may decide who the toy belongs to.
B. If a child wants a toy back, he will have to ask the care provider for it
C. It's important for the care provider to explain the importance of sharing to children
D. Care providers need to be patient and explain everything in a way children understand
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The advantages of reality TV shows. B. The disadvantages of reality TV shows
C. Their experiences in reality TV shows. D. Their different views on reality TV shows.
18. A. Ordinary people. B. Famous people.
C. Stupid people. D. Popular people.
19. A. Most of the situations are not real. B. Some of them are too touching.
C. They are full of tension and drama. D. She will never get into such situations.
20. A. They are amusing but sometimes harmful.
B. They are a form of “gossip entertainment”
C. They can entertain and sometimes educate people.
D. They can make people know more about nature.
【答案】1-5 CBADB 6-10 CCBAD 11-13 CAD 14-16 CDD 17-20 DAAC
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Your Kids Don’t Want You to Be Perfect. They Just Want You to Be Honest
Dear Parents,
I am thinking of you. I am imagining how hard each of you is trying to get through your days, how much you want to lead your 21 (love) ones through this, how you worry, how you plan, and how you smile for them, when inside you feel at times you are breaking.
I was not a very stable youth. In fact, I never 22 (think) I could be anyone’s mom. I remember the decision 23 (become) a parent. It wasn’t hard to love. It wasn’t hard to dedicate myself to someone and something 24 (great) than my life. 25 was hard was knowing that from now on! Needed to be the one to make sure everything was okay, to manage it and make it work, from food to school to medical, and to be patient.
I realized stopped my constant daydreaming, instead, 26 (stay) always ready for any break into what I was doing or thinking to answer a need. It was a new skill to acquire.
So now, in the midst of this pandemic. I think of all the mothers and fathers with children at home, hoping that 27 all can do everything right, answer all needs, and stay calm and positive.
One thing 28 has helped me is to know that’s impossible.
It is a lovely thing to discover that your children don’t want you perfect. They just want you honest and doing your best. In fact, the more room they have to be great 29 you are weak, the stronger they may become. They love you. They want to help you. And in 30 way, they are raising you up too. You grow together.
【答案】
21．loved 22．thought 23．to become 24．greater 25．What 26．staying 27．they/you 28．that 29．where 30．a
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一封写给父母的信，信中作者讲述了自己成为母亲的经历，告诉有孩子的父母接受孩子的不完美，保持冷静和积极。
21．考查形容词。句意：我想象着你们每个人是多么艰难地度过每一天，你们多么想带领你们所爱的人度过这一天，当你们内心感到崩溃时，你们是多么担心，你们是怎么计划的，你们是怎么为他们微笑的。修饰后文ones应用形容词loved，故填loved。
22．考查时态。句意：事实上，我从没想过我能成为任何人的妈妈。根据上文I was not a very stable youth.可知用一般过去时。故填thought。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得做父母的决定。名词decision后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to become。
24．考查比较级。句意：把自己奉献给比我的生命中更重要的人或事并不难。根据后文than my life可知应用比较级greater。故填greater。
25．考查主语从句。句意：困难的是要知道从现在开始！引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物应用what，首字母大写。故填What。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：我意识到我停止了不断的白日梦，相反，我总是做好准备，随时打断我正在做的事情或思考问题，以满足需求。分析句子结构可知stay与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填staying。
27．考查代词。句意：我想到家里有孩子的所有父母，希望他们/你们都能做好每件事，满足所有需求，保持冷静和积极。此处指代上文all the mothers and fathers with children，可用代词you或they。故填they/you。
28．考查定语从句。句意：有一件事帮助了我，那就是知道那是不可能的。定语从句修饰先行词thing，在从句中作主要，指物，故填that。
29．考查状语从句。句意：事实上，他们在你的弱点上发挥的空间越大，他们就会变得越强大。此处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”应用where。故填where。
30．考查冠词。句意：在某种程度上，他们也在支持你。表示“在某种程度上”短语为in a way。故填a。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．agreement B．borders C． objective D． initiated E. existing F. barely G. stimulated H. dramatically I. migratory J. cooperation K. frequent
Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada, an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River, the park also 31 about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. This land is an important part of the habitat and 32 routes for several endangered species that 33 the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.
With encouragement from the park, local landowners 34 a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local 35 that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared, with 36 of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners, in 37 with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.
The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been 38 by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the 39 character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a 40 improved understanding of all concerns.
【答案】
31．B 32．I 33．K 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．J 38．G 39．E 40．H
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了蒙大拿州的冰川国家公园与加拿大、美国印第安人保留区和国家森林接壤。沿着弗拉黑德河的北福克，公园还与大约17000英亩的私人土地接壤，这些土地目前用于牧场，木材和农业。文章介绍了该土地的利用情况。
31．考查动词。句意：沿着弗拉黑德河的北福克，公园还与大约17,000英亩的私人土地接壤，这些土地目前用于牧场，木材和农业。根据“about 17,000 acres of private lands”以及句意“接壤”可知应填动词border，此处陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故选B。
32．考查形容词。句意：这片土地是一些经常出现在公园里的濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙路线的重要组成部分。根据“routes for several endangered species”以及句意“迁徙”可知应填形容词migratory，作定语修饰名词routes。故选I。
33．考查动词。句意：这片土地是一些经常出现在公园里的濒危物种的栖息地和迁徙路线的重要组成部分。根据“This land is an important part of the habitat”以及句意“出现”可知应填动词frequent，作谓语，定语从句谓语与先行词species保持一致，用原形。故选K。
34．考查动词。句意：在公园的鼓励下，当地土地所有者发起了一项土地使用规划工作，以指导北福克的未来。根据“a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork”以及句意“发起”可知应填动词initiate，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选D。
35．考查名词。句意：该公园是一项地方间协议的合作伙伴，该协议要求资源管理机构与该地区400多家私人所有者共同合作。根据“that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area.”以及句意“协议”可知应填名词agreement，不定冠词提示用单数。故选A。
36．考查名词。句意：一份计划草案已经准备好，其目标是保持传统的经济用途，但限制可能破坏公园资源的新开发。根据“maintaining traditional economic uses”以及句意“目标”可知应填名词objective，作宾语，故选C。
37．考查名词。句意：土地所有者的自愿行动，在公园和县的合作下，正在帮助限制小块土地的细分，维护野生动物走廊，并尽量减少对环境的有害影响。根据“with the park and the county”以及句意“合作”可知应填名词cooperation，作宾语，故选J。
38．考查动词。句意：当地土地所有者愿意参与这一保护工作，可能是由于担心国会将强制实施立法解决方案。根据“by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution”以及句意“刺激”可知应填动词stimulate，结合上文have been可知为现在完成时，用过去分词。故选G。
39．考查形容词。句意：然而，许多当地居民希望保留该地区的现有特色。根据“many local residents want to retain”以及句意“现有”可知应填形容词existing，作定语修饰名词character。故选E。
40．考查副词。句意：公园官员和土地所有者之间的会议大大提高了对所有问题的理解。根据“improved understanding of all concerns”以及句意“明显地，大大地”可知应填副词dramatically，修饰动词improved。故选H。
III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Restaurant and hotel bosses have had a tough year. Some 700, 000 hospitality workers threw in the 41 on average each month in the past year. Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers 42 relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19. The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%. 43 from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse; as cases increased greatly in December, restaurant footfall (客流) fell 44
As in other industries, workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons, from fear of infection to 45 opportunities elsewhere. But one big motive is burnout. Surveys find that 46 stress is a growing concern across the labour market, but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles, where hybrid work is not possible. Data showed that employees 47 the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance. Workers report that new tasks such as dealing with angry customers and 48 health mandates (指令) have added to the burden.
Work in restaurants and hotels can be physically 49 . poorly paid and unpredictable. Unlike white-collar workers, who suffer from needing to be constantly available, service workers burn out as a result of uncertain 50 and a lack of control over time, says Ashley Whillans of Harvard Business School. Ian Cook of Visier, a human-resources-analytics firm, says that time off during lock-downs gave employees an opportunity to 51 their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.”
Firms have 52 to respond. Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8. 1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. 53 , that many not be enough. In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.
Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce. As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress. This 54 gives birth to more exits, and so on. 55 an ageing population, with decreasing numbers of young people prepared to work in kitchens or sweep hotel corridors, and hospitality businesses may be contending with (难应对) blue-collar burnout for years to come.
41．A．wrap B．vacation C．towel D．identity
42．A．spare B．rich C．short D．scarce
43．A．Contribution B．Uncertainty C．Remedy D．Consequence
44．A．coincidentally B．sharply C．suddenly D．temporarily
45．A．rare B．better C．occasional D．unclear
46．A．primary B．pessimistic C．momentary D．long-term
47．A．calculate B．approach C．inspect D．rate
48．A．reforming B．regulating C．enforcing D．engaging
49．A．relaxing B．challenging C．draining D．inviting
50．A．schedules B．payments C．exchanges D．prospects
51．A．inquire into B．reflect on C．account for D．answer for
52．A．rushed B．failed C．hesitated D．expected
53．A．Hence B．Moreover C．Similarly D．Nonetheless
54．A．in return B．in a row C．in turn D．in advance
55．A．Exclude B．Follow C．Concern D．Add
【答案】
41．C 42．C 43．B 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆等服务行业就业人数减少的原因。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，平均每个月大约有70万名酒店员工辞职。A. wrap包裹；B. vacation度假；C. towel毛巾；D. identity身份。根据后文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers ___2___ relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19.”可知，与新冠疫情前相比，酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆的员工缺口为130万人，故可推测员工纷纷辞职。throw in the towel意为“放弃”，在本句中指员工辞职。故选C项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：酒吧、咖啡馆和餐馆的就业人数比新冠疫情前的1690万少了130万。 A. spare备用的；B. rich富有的；C. short短缺的；D. scarce缺乏的。根据后文的“The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%.”可知，休闲和酒店业的辞职率上升了一个百分点，故可推测出员工比疫情前少了很多。故选C项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 奥密克戎变异株的不确定性可能会让事情变得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐馆客流量急剧下降。A. Contribution贡献；B. Uncertainty不确定性；C. Remedy救济，治疗；D. Consequence结果。根据后文的“from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse”可知，奥密克戎具有不确定性，而这可能会让事情变得更糟。故选B项。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：奥密克戎变异株的不确定性可能会让事情变得更糟；由于12月份病例大幅增加，餐馆客流量急剧下降。A. coincidentally巧合；B. sharply急剧地；C. suddenly突然；D. temporarily暂时。根据前文的“as cases increased greatly in December”可知，12月份病例大幅增加，所以餐馆客流量急剧下降。故选B项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其他行业一样，酒店业的员工也因为各种原因离开，从害怕感染到到其他地方有更好的机会都有。A. rare稀有；B. better更好的；C. occasional偶尔；D. unclear不清楚。根据前文的“workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons”和后文的“opportunities”可知，员工离开，有的是因为寻找更好的机会。故选B项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：调查发现，长期压力是整个劳动力市场日益关注的问题，但服务业的不满情绪尤其高，因为服务业不可能实现混合工作。A. primary初级的；B. pessimistic悲观的；C. momentary瞬时；D. long-term长期的。根据后文的“stress is a growing concern across the labour market”可知，压力是整个劳动力市场日益关注的问题，而这种压力应是长期的，才会造成员工离开。故选D项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数据显示，员工评价酒店业是工作与生活平衡最差的行业之一。 A. calculate计算；B. approach方法；C. inspect检查；D. rate评价。根据前文的“but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles”和后文的“the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance”可知，员工对酒店业的工作与生活平衡方面评价不高。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工人们报告说，处理愤怒的顾客和强制执行健康规定等新任务增加了他们的负担。A. reforming改革；B. regulating调节；C. enforcing强制执行；D. engaging从事。根据前文的“Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1. 3m workers 2 relative to the 16. 9m employed before covid-19.”可知，疫情期间，服务业员工辞职率高，部分原因是疫情期间一些健康规定需要强制执行，这增加了他们的负担。故选C项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在餐馆和酒店工作会让人精疲力竭。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. draining使疲惫的；D. inviting吸引人的。根据后文的“service workers burn out”可知，服务工作者精疲力竭，故在餐馆和酒店工作会让人精疲力竭。故选C项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈佛商学院的阿什利 惠兰斯表示，与需要时刻保持联系的白领不同，服务工作者因不确定的日程安排和缺乏对时间的控制而精疲力竭。A. schedules日程安排；B. payments付款；C. exchanges交换；D. prospects前景。根据后文的“a lack of control over time”可知，服务工作者缺乏对时间的控制，这就意味着他们不确定的日程安排。故选A项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：维则人力资源分析公司的伊恩 库克表示，停工期间的休假让员工有机会反思他们与“脆弱而低薪的工作”之间的关系。A. inquire into调查；B. reflect on反思；C. account for说明；D. answer for（对问题）负有很大责任。根据后文的“their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.””可知，员工对他们与工作的关系进行反思。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：各公司纷纷做出回应。A. rushed冲向；B. failed失败；C. hesitated犹豫；D. expected预期。根据后文的“Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8.1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. ”可知，许多食品和住宿企业已经提高了工资，这是针对员工辞职这件事各公司做出的回应。故选A项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这么多还不够。A. Hence因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Similarly类似地；D. Nonetheless尽管如此。根据后文的“In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.”可知，在一项关于酒店业的民意调查中，超过一半的人表示，高工资本身不会吸引他们回去，故可知各公司涨工资的行为是不够的，不足以吸引人们回去。故选D项。
54．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这反过来又产生了更多的离去，以此类推。A. in return作为回报；B. in a row成一行；C. in turn反过来；D. in advance提前。根据前文的“As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress.”可知，随着一些员工离职，那些留下来的人必须收拾残局，从而导致更大的压力，反过来又导致更多人离去。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：再加上人口老龄化，准备在厨房工作或打扫酒店走廊的年轻人越来越少，酒店业可能会在未来几年里与蓝领倦怠作斗争。A. Exclude不包括；B. Follow跟随；C. Concern关注；D. Add添加。根据前文的“Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce.”可知，酒店业的艰难运行，一个原因是酒店业的劳动力将永久性减少，人口老龄化也会增加人员不足的困难。故选D项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Be a Better Traveler in the Over-tourism Era
Travel has become as accessible as McDonald’s, reaching a new high as global tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion last year. In 1995, global arrivals numbered only 525 million.
As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known. I’m also happy for the retailers, hoteliers, museum keepers and others who have benefited financially from the tourism boom.
I can’t help but wonder, though, what we are actually seeing as we travel these days. More people are travelling, but many are visiting the same places. Is a forest of selfie sticks what I wanted to show my daughter at the Louvre When was the last time I set food on Prague’s main square without being elbowed a dozen times Is a trip to Barcelona complete if you have to avoid every famous location for fear of being trampled (踩踏)
Cities can not do much about this — they can’t very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular. Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn’t be just for the rich, and it’ll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.
So what should travelers do Stay home That’s unlikely. But if you are heading for some of the world’s most popular destinations, rethink your bucket list (愿望清单). You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.
The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination. Don’t fall victim to what people call “selfie culture” and “bucket list culture”. Treat the destination as you would do to your own home - not as a “hidden gem” that you throw money at to get certain experience you feel entitled to.
56．Which of the following is NOT the cause of the drop in travelling costs according to the author
A．The rise of discount airlines.
B．The freedom to choose transport
C．The popularization of mobile devices.
D．The appearances of and Airbnb.
57．According to the passage, why might some people oppose raising the cost of air travel
A．It would result in a decrease in airport security.
B．It would lead to fewer people travelling overall.
C．It would hurt the residents of tourism-dependent cities.
D．It would encourage a “bucket list culture.”
58．What does the author mean by saying “Cities can not do much about this”
A．Facing the trouble of over-tourism, cities lack feasilbe measure.
B．Those cities as famous tourist destinations are not only for the rich.
C．Cities with over-tourism can’t deal with protests among travelers.
D．Cities with over-tourism can stop people making trips there.
59．What should people do to be a better traveler in the over-tourism era
A．Set on a journey at an on-peak time. B．Avoid visiting an iconic site
C．Raise the cost of air travel. D．Be willing to explore new sites.
【答案】56．B 57．C 58．A 59．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在过度旅游时代，如何成为一名好的旅行者。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known.(作为两个孩子的父亲，我是第一个庆祝航空旅行市场自由化带来的成本下降的人，打折航空公司的兴起，和Airbnb等网站带来的住宿革命，以及安装了世界上最好的地图和旅行指南的移动设备。)”可知，作者庆祝航空旅行市场自由化，打折航空公司兴起，导致旅行成本降低；和Airbnb等网站带来的住宿革命以及旅行移动设备的流行都是导致旅行成本降低的原因，只有B选项“自由选择交通方式”没有在文中提到。故选B项。
57．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn’t be just for the rich, and it’ll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.(许多人会反对，理由是旅游不应该是富人的专利，它会伤害那些被过度旅游困扰的城市居民。)”可知，很多人反对降低旅行成本，是因为很多人认为旅行不是富人的专利，也会伤害到依赖旅游业的人们。故选C项。
58．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Cities can not do much about this — they can’t very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular.(城市对此无能为力——他们不能很好地关闭机场，迫使航空公司减少航班频率或提高票价。提高航空旅行的成本，无论是整体成本还是特定目的地的成本，都不会受到欢迎。)”可知，面对过度旅行，城市不能关闭机场，不能提高航空成本，甚至很多人反对，由此可知，城市缺乏可行的措施。故选A项。
59．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.(你应该对探索一些显而易见的旅游景点之外的景点持开放的态度。即使你打算去参观一个标志性的景点，也要考虑在非高峰时间去。)”以及尾段中的“The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination.(无论你去哪里旅行，最重要的是要记住，对目的地进行充分的调查、尊重和真正的好奇。)”可知，在过度旅行时代，应该对目的地展开充分的调查，去探索一些景点之外的目的地。故选D项。
(B)
Eight steps to refocus your anxiety
Thinking of issues that seem unfixable can lead to an anxious paralysis, but there’s hope.
This is some of the advice I give to those in need of help.
Take a break from the news. Doomscrolling can be addictive and increase the tragic nature of events. In one study, researchers found that those who were immersed in the Boston Marathon bombing news for multiple hours a day in the week after the event experienced higher stress than individuals who were on the scene. I advise those who are feeling depressed by the headlines to read the news just once a day, turn off alerts on their phone and, if possible, check social media less often.
Take care of yourself. You have to be in good fighting shape to cope with the current problems. That means boosting your resilience (韧性) by taking care of your nervous system (sleep well, eat well, exercise wisely) and engaging in positive activities.
Focus on the present. Get in the habit of putting yourself in the here and now. Worrying about the future is not helpful.
Try a breathing exercise. Taking a few deep breaths — for instance, breathing in into the count of five and breathing out to the count of five — will help calm your sympathetic nervous system (the fight or flight response) and lower your anxiety. At the very least, breathing gives you something to do when your feel your heart rate pounding quickly.
Think about your victories. Remind yourself of what’s working well in your own life — whether it’s your job, friendships, or the array of houseplants you cultivated during the pandemic.
Be your own therapist. Ask yourself, what do I specifically feel hopeless about and why Being able to put into words what’s getting you down can help you feel less flooded by emotions and better able to process the information rationally(理性地).
Take action. Worrying doesn’t help one’s mental health, but taking action does. Look around your community. Maybe your local playground would benefit from a basketball court, or your church could sponsor a refugee family. When people engage in local issues, they have a renewed sense of optimism.
Join forces with a friend. Pick a cause. There are hundreds of nonprofits dedicated to addressing some of the most biggest challenges on the planet. Donate money to an inspiring organization or volunteer.
60．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
A．To encourage people to help those in need.
B．To help those in need of help relieve anxiety.
C．To urge people to take action to help themselves.
D．To cheer readers up and boost a feeling of optimism.
61．What does the underlined part of the sentence mean
A．“stopping moving and staying where you are”
B．“focusing on the present moment”
C．“placing yourself in a favorable environment”
D．“forgetting about the losses and gains”
62．Which of the following statements is in line with the author’s advice
A．Only check social media once a day.
B．Involve oneself in activities that boost one’s nervous system.
C．Think of the past victories.
D．Engage in local issues and make contributions.
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几种可以帮助人们缓解焦虑的方法。
60．推理判断题。文章第一、二段讲到“Thinking of issues that seem unfixable can lead to an anxious paralysis, but there’s hope. This is some of the advice I give to those in need of help. (想到看似无法解决的问题可能会导致焦虑的瘫痪，但还是有希望的。这是我给那些需要帮助的人的一些建议。)”可知写这篇文章的目的是帮助那些需要帮助的人缓解焦虑，故选B。
61．句意猜测题。文章本段主旨句“Focus on the present. (关注当下)”以及下文“Worrying about the future is not helpful.( 担心未来是没有帮助的。)”可推知下划线部分的意思是“关注当下”，故选B。
62．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“When people engage in local issues, they have a renewed sense of optimism.(当人们参与当地问题时，他们会重新产生乐观情绪。)”可知符合作者的建议的是参与当地问题并做出贡献，故选D。
(C)
Antibiotics, which can destroy or prevent the growth of bacteria and cure infections, are vital to modern medicine. Their ability to kill bacteria without harming the patient has saved billions of lives and made surgical procedures much safer. But after decades of overuse, their powers are fading. Some bacteria have evolved resistance, creating a growing army of superbugs, against which there is little effective treatment. Antimicrobial (抗菌的) resistance, expected to kill 10 million people a year by 2050 up from around 1 million in 2019, has been seen as a crisis by many.
It would be unwise to rely on new antibiotics to solve the problem. The rate at which resistance emerges is increasing. Some new drugs last only two years before bacteria develop resistance. When new antibiotics do arrive, doctors often store them, using them only reluctantly and for short periods when faced with the most persistent infections. That limits sales, making new antibiotics an unappealing idea for most drug firms.
Governments have been trying to fix the problem by channeling cash into research in drug firms. That has produced only limited improvements. But there is a phenomenon worth a look. Microbiologists have known for decades that disease-causing bacteria can suffer from illnesses of their own. They are supersensitive to attacks by phages, specialized viruses that infect bacteria and often kill them. Phages are considered a promising alternative to antibiotics.
Using one disease-causing virus to fight bacteria has several advantages. Like antibiotics, phages only tend to choose particular targets, leaving human cells alone as they infect and destroy bacterial ones. Unlike antibiotics, phages can evolve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria do develop resistance, phages may be able to evolve around them in turn.
That, at least, is the theory. The trouble with phages is that comparatively little is known about them. After the discovery of penicillin, the first antibiotic, in 1928, they were largely ignored in the West. Given the severity of the antibiotic-resistance problem, it would be a good idea to find out more about them.
The first step is to run more clinical trials. Interest from Western firms is growing. But it is being held back by the fact that phages are an even less appealing investment than antibiotics. Since they are natural living things, there may be trouble patenting them, making it hard to recover any investment.
Governments can help fun d basic research into phage treatment and clarify the law around exactly what is and is not patentable. In time they can set up phage banks so as to make production cheaper. And they can spread awareness of the risks of overusing antibiotics, and the potential benefits of phages.
63．We can learn from paragraphs 1 and 2 that .
A．doctors tend to use new antibiotics when the patients ask for them
B．antimicrobial resistance is developing more rapidly than predicted
C．new antibiotics fail to attract drug firms due to limited use of them
D．previous antibiotics are effective in solving modern health problems
64．What is phages’ advantage over antibiotics
A．They can increase human cells when fighting bacteria.
B．They are not particular about which cells to infect and kill.
C．They can evolve accordingly when bacteria develop resistance.
D．They are too sensitive to be infected by disease-causing bacteria.
65．According to the passage, the obstacle to phage treatment is that .
A．there is little chance of patenting phages in the future
B．governments provide financial support for other research
C．the emergence of superbugs holds back drug firms’ interest
D．over-dependence on antibiotics distracts attention from phages
66．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Governments fail to stop the use of antibiotics.
B．Phages could help prevent an antibiotics crisis.
C．Development of antibiotics is limited by phages.
D．Antimicrobial resistance calls for new antibiotics.
【答案】63．B 64．C 65．D 66．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广。
63．细节理解题。根据第二段“The rate at which resistance emerges is increasing. Some new drugs last only two years before bacteria develop resistance. (耐药性出现的速度越来越快。一些新药的药效只有两年，细菌就会产生抗药性)”可知，抗菌素耐药性的发展比预期的要快。故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlike antibiotics, phages can evolve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria do develop resistance, phages may be able to evolve around them in turn.(与抗生素不同，噬菌体可以像细菌一样迅速进化，这意味着即使细菌产生耐药性，噬菌体也可以反过来在细菌周围进化)”可知，噬菌体相对于抗生素的优势是当细菌产生耐药性时，它们会相应地进化。故选C。
65．细节理解题。根据第五段“The trouble with phages is that comparatively little is known about them. After the discovery of penicillin, the first antibiotic, in 1928, they were largely ignored in the West. Given the severity of the antibiotic-resistance problem, it would be a good idea to find out more about them.(噬菌体的问题在于，人们对它们的了解相对较少。1928年，第一种抗生素青霉素被发现后，它们在西方基本上被忽视了。考虑到抗生素耐药性问题的严重性，找到更多关于它们的信息将是一个好主意)”可知，噬菌体治疗的障碍是对抗生素的过度依赖分散了对噬菌体的关注。故选D。
66．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Antibiotics, which can destroy or prevent the growth of bacteria and cure infections, are vital to modern medicine. Their ability to kill bacteria without harming the patient has saved billions of lives and made surgical procedures much safer. But after decades of overuse, their powers are fading. Some bacteria have evolved resistance, creating a growing army of superbugs, against which there is little effective treatment. Antimicrobial(抗菌的) resistance, expected to kill 10 million people a year by 2050 up from around 1 million in 2019, has been seen as a crisis by many.(抗生素对现代医学至关重要，它可以消灭或阻止细菌的生长，并治愈感染。它们在不伤害病人的情况下杀死细菌的能力挽救了数十亿人的生命，并使外科手术更加安全。但经过几十年的过度使用，它们的力量正在减弱。一些细菌已经进化出了耐药性，产生了越来越多的超级细菌，而目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。抗微生物药物耐药性被许多人视为一场危机。预计到2050年，每年将导致1000万人死亡，而2019年约为100万人)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广，所以本文的主旨是噬菌体可以帮助预防抗生素危机。故选B。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How Well Do Films Predict Our teach Future
Everyone judged the possibility of a movie through a different perspective. If you're a doctor, you may think: “That character would not have survived that fall.” If you're a scientist: “that's not how black holes work.” And if you're me, it's more like: “What a stupid concept of future personal technology!”
It makes me crazy when ski-fi moviemakers dream up stuff with no basis in science. Human teleporters Sorry, Star Trek. A bed that detects and cures cancer in seconds No, Elysium.
67 Star Trek's self-opening doors are now a standard feature of grocery store entranced, and the driver less cars from Total Recall (and many other moves) are already on American roads.
Lately it's clear that Hollywood's production designers have been putting serious thought into the teach we'll someday carry. 68 He talks to her through a single ear bud, through which he gets a surprising amount done: processing e-mail, browsing news stories, sending messages. When an image is essential to the communication, he flips open his phone, where the picture appears.
This solution makes a lot of sense—more than, for example, Goggle Glass, a now discontinued head band that placed a mini screen above your eyebrow. Social mistakes, not technical ones, hastened its devise: Glass's camera frightened others and made you look like a disgusting being. 69
In a recent movie called What Happened to Monday, humans live in a dystopian future where, to control overpopulation, it's illegal to have more than one child. The characters wear wrist bands containing tiny projectors. They shine perfectly crisp, color images onto their palms, which the characters tap as though they are touch screens. 70 We won't see this in the real world, though. Even if a pick projector, battery and process or could be shrunk and squeezed into a thin band, challenge remain. How would the projector attain sharp focus on an irregular, moving palm How would it project enough light on sunny days How would it work on very light or very dark skin
Well, I suppose I should let that part go. They're just moves, right They're not a depiction of the future—at least not yet.
A．You can see why people went mad over the concept: imagine having all the power of a smart phone without actually needing a smart phone. B．However, the futuristic technologies some moves depict have accidentally given rise to the possible and practical inventions in the real world. C．Since the Her ear piece has brought about many disc re et and comfortable benefits, it is more sensible than goggle Glass. D．Her, for example, is about a man who falls in love with his Sir i-like voice assistant. E．On the other hand, some moves depict futuristic technologies that are so possible and practical that people invent them in the real world. F．The Her ear piece delivers many of the same benefits, though discreetly and comfortable.
【答案】67．E 68．D 69．F 70．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述电影中的未来技术应用于现实生活以及电影预测未来的可能性。
67．根据后文“Star Trek's self-opening doors are now a standard feature of grocery store entranced, and the driver less cars from Total Recall (and many other moves) are already on American roads.”（Star Trek的自动开门功能现在已成为杂货店入口的标准功能，而Total Recall中的无人驾驶汽车（以及许多其他举措）已经在美国公路上行驶。）可知，电影中的一些技术已经应用到现实生活中。故E项“另一方面，一些动作描绘的未来技术是如此的可能和实用，人们在现实世界中发明了它们。”符合语境。故选E。
68．根据上文“Lately it's clear that Hollywood's production designers have been putting serious thought into the teach we'll someday carry.”（最近很明显，好莱坞的制作设计师们一直在认真思考我们有朝一日将要进行的教学。）以及下文“He talks to her through a single ear bud, through which he gets a surprising amount done: processing e-mail, browsing news stories, sending messages.”（他通过一个耳塞与她交谈，通过耳塞他完成了惊人的工作量：处理电子邮件、浏览新闻故事、发送消息。）可知，设空处在谈论好莱坞的一部电影。故D选项“比如，《她》讲的是一个男人爱上了他的Sir一样的语音助手”。故选D。
69．根据上文“Social mistakes, not technical ones, hastened its devise: Glass's camera frightened others and made you look like a disgusting being.”（社会上的错误，而不是技术上的错误，加速了它的设计：Glass的相机吓坏了其他人，让你看起来像个恶心的人。）可知，此处在描述小装置的设计特点。故F项“她的耳罩也有许多相同的优点，尽管它既小巧又舒适。”符合语境。故选F。
70．根据上文“The characters wear wrist bands containing tiny projectors. They shine perfectly crisp, color images onto their palms, which the characters tap as though they are touch screens.”（这些角色戴着装有微型投影仪的腕带。他们的手掌上闪耀着清晰的彩色图像，角色们轻触手掌就像触摸屏一样。）可知，此部分在谈论腕带的功能。故A项“你可以理解为什么人们对这个概念如此着迷:想象一下，不用智能手机就能拥有智能手机的所有功能。”符合语境，句中的“touch screens”和A项中的“smart phone”相呼应。故选A 。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
What Causes Déja Vu
It’s a frightening feeling: You walk into a place you know you’ve never been before but are overwhelmed by a sense of familiarity-a memory you can’t quite reach. Has this all happened before Most people experience ‘this sensation, known as déjà vu, at some point in their lives. It’s a hard feeling to study, though, because it tends to arise spontaneously and be shaken off easily.
Déjà vu means “already seen” in French, a term possibly coined by French philosopher mile Boirac. In a 2009 study, Cognitive psychologist Anne Cleary of Colorado State University and her colleagues found that viewing these sneakily similar scenes was more likely to cause feelings of déjà vu than viewing dissimilar scenes-suggesting that perhaps there is some environmental trigger for the brain to call out, “Hey, I recognize that!” even when it’s never seen the scene before.
While Cleary’s research shows that a slight familiarity can result in déjà vu, Akira Robert O’Connor, a cognitive psychologist at the University of St. Andrews says, in spontaneous déjà vu cases, it’s quite possible that the familiarity feeling is random. Supporting this random-misfire hypothesis is the fact that young people actually experience more déjà vu than older people. Younger brains are a little more excitable, more likely to fire more quickly rather than holding back, O’Connor says.
Older people may also be less adept (擅长的)fact-checkers when false feelings of familiarity arise, says Chris Moulin, a cognitive neuropsychologist at the Grenoble Alpes University. Older adults still recognize such false familiarity. “It’s not perhaps that older adults are not generating false familiarity, ” Moulin says. “It’s just that they don’t have, anymore, that certainty that what they’re experiencing is false. ”
This is a normal part of aging, not the conflation (合并)of déjà vu with reality that people with dementia (老年痴呆症)may experience. So enjoy the feeling of having felt it all before while it lasts, Generation Z.
71.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Déjà vu is a feeling of familiarity. It is hard to study because it is unpredictable. Younger people are more prone to déjà vu, due to their more excitable brains. In contrast, older people may be less adept at fact-checking false feelings of familiarity but do not confuse déjà vu with reality, which is not a symptom of dementia.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，似曾相识是一种常见的对新环境熟悉的感觉。它很难研究，因为它不可预测，而且很容易被遗忘。年轻人更容易产生似曾相识，这可能是因为他们的大脑更容易兴奋。相比之下，老年人可能不太擅长核实虚假的熟悉感，但不会将似曾相识与现实混为一谈，这不是痴呆症的症状。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①You walk into a place you know you’ve never been before but are overwhelmed by a sense of familiarity-a memory you can’t quite reach.
②It’s a hard feeling to study, though, because it tends to arise spontaneously and be shaken off easily.
③Younger brains are a little more excitable, more likely to fire more quickly rather than holding back, O’Connor says.
④Older adults still recognize such false familiarity. “It’s not perhaps that older adults are not generating false familiarity, ” Moulin says. “It’s just that they don’t have, anymore, that certainty that what they’re experiencing is false. ”
⑤This is a normal part of aging, not the conflation (合并)of déjà vu with reality that people with dementia (老年痴呆症)may experience.
2.缜密构思将
第1、2、3几个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Déjà vu is a feeling of familiarity.
It is hard to study because it is unpredictable.
Younger people are more prone to déjà vu, due to their more excitable brains.
In contrast, Older people may be less adept at fact-checking false feelings of familiarity but do not confuse déjà vu with reality, which is not a symptom of dementia.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is hard to study because it is unpredictable. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] In contrast, Older people may be less adept at fact-checking false feelings of familiarity but do not confuse déjà vu with reality, which is not a symptom of dementia. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72．你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗 (sense)
【答案】Does it make sense (for you) to go all the way to the supermarket to buy instant noodles
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，此处应为一般疑问句，讲述的现在的情况，所以使用一般现在时，分析句意可知，该句应使用“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”的结构，表示“大老远跑去超市”应为go all the way to the supermarket为真正的主语，所以使用不定式形式，使用it作形式主语指代to go all the way to the supermarket；表示“买方便面”应为目的状语，所以也是不定式形式，译为to buy instant noodles；表示“有意义”应为make sense作谓语，因句子主语为it为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词使用单数形式，且为一般疑问句，应使用助动词does置于句首，谓语动词使用动词原形；可以在作真正主语的不定式前加上逻辑主语for you。故翻译为Does it make sense (for you) to go all the way to the supermarket to buy instant noodles
73．书展的门票只能提前一天在网上购买。(available)
【答案】Tickets for the book exhibition are available online only one day in advance.
【详解】考查动词、名词和短语。根据句意可知本句为一般现在时态，“书展的门票”译为tickets for the book exhibition，tickets为主语，且为复数，系动词应使用are，“在网上购买”译为available online，“提前”为in advance，为固定短语，“只能”译为only，故翻译为Tickets for the book exhibition are available online only one day in advance。
74．在新闻发布会上，发言人明确表示他发表的评论媒体不得断章取义，以免造成误解。(it)
【答案】At the press conference, the spokesman/speaker made it clear that his comments should not be taken out of context by the media in order to avoid misunderstanding/so as not to cause misunderstanding/ in case of misunderstanding.
OR: At the press conference, the spokesman/speaker made it clear that the media shouldn’t take his comments out of context in case of misunderstanding.
【详解】考查名词、动词和it作形式宾语。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；“在新闻发布会上”使用at the press conference，“发言人”使用the spokesman/speaker，“明确表示”使用make it clear that，it作形式宾语，that引导真正的宾语从句，“他发表的评论媒体不得断章取义”译为his comments should not be taken out of context by the media，“以免造成误解”译为in order to avoid misunderstanding/so as not to cause misunderstanding/ in case of misunderstanding。故翻译为At the press conference, the spokesman/speaker made it clear that his comments should not be taken out of context by the media in order to avoid misunderstanding/so as not to cause misunderstanding/ in case of misunderstanding.
OR: At the press conference, the spokesman/speaker made it clear that the media shouldn’t take his comments out of context in case of misunderstanding.
75．这部春节档电影明星云集，情节曲折，制作精良，实现了票房与口碑的双丰收。(release)
【答案】The film released during the Spring Festival holiday, with/featuring a large number of stars, complicated story/plot and excellent production, ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office and received (has received) good/favorable reviews (as well). ②was(is) a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of.③was (is) successful both at the box office and reviews.
OR: Due to/Because of/Owing to/ Thanks to/On account of a large number of stars, complicated story/plot and excellent production, the film released during the Spring Festival holiday ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office and received(has received) good/favorable reviews (as well). ②was a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of. ③was successful both at the box office and reviews.
【详解】考查动词、名词及时态。“这部春节档电影”使用the film released during the Spring Festival holiday，作主语，released属于过去分词作定语，“明星云集”可以使用a large number of stars，“情节曲折”使用complicated story/plot，“制作精良”使用excellent production，使用介词with或现在分词featuring连接后面成分，作定语，“实现了票房与口碑的双丰收”属于谓语部分，“票房”使用the box office，“口碑”使用good/favorable reviews。句子可以使用一般现在时或一般过去时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The film released during the Spring Festival holiday, with/featuring a large number of stars, complicated story/plot and excellent production, ①was (is) a success/hit at the box office and received (has received) good/favorable reviews (as well). ②was(is) a box-office success/hit and spoken highly of.③was (is) successful both at the box office and reviews.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校英语报计划腾出一个版面专门刊登学生摄影作品，计划第一期的主题从“My winter vacation”、“People around me”及“The best scene on campus”中选择一个，现向全校同学征求意见。写一封邮件给英语报 读者来信专栏，内容须包括：
1)你推荐的专栏主题；
2)你的理由。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Hearing that a photography section, scheduled to be added to our school English newspapers to present photography works from students, is seeking advice from the whole school, I am writing to recommend the theme of “People around me”. The reasons are as follows.
On one hand, society is an encyclopedia, which appeals to all of us students to explore. So, “People around me”, featuring the photos of people from all walks of life, will enable us to gain a deeper insight into the happiness and sorrows of others, enriching our life experience. On the other hand, ordinary as the majority might be, they are making great difference to our lives, for example, those heroes in harm’s way serving our community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their sense of responsibility and spirit of commitment will impress us students on campus, spurring us to respect them and learn from them, thus cultivating our good moral sentiment. To sum up, the theme is worth presenting.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my recommendation. Looking forward to the photography section early.
Yours,
Li Ming
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校的英语报写邮件，从“My winter vacation”、“People around me”及“The best scene on campus”三个主题中，为刊登学生摄影作品的新版面推荐一个专栏主题，并说出理由。
【详解】词汇积累
建议：advice→ suggestion
吸引：appeal to→ attract
敬重：respect→ show respect for
考虑：consider→take into account
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So, “People around me”, featuring the photos of people from all walks of life, will enable us to gain a deeper insight into the happiness and sorrows of others, enriching our life experience.
拓展句：So, “People around me”, which features the photos of people from all walks of life, will enable us to gain a deeper insight into the happiness and sorrows of others, which will enrich our life experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Their sense of responsibility and spirit of commitment will impress us students on campus, spurring us to respect them and learn from them and cultivating our good moral sentiment. （运用了现在分词作伴随状语，动词不定式作补语）
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion. （运用了it作形式宾语）
听力原文：
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
M:Michael, why is there such a long queue I’m glad you made our reservation a few days ago.
W:There are always many people waiting.Let’s look at the flight timetable.
Q:Where does this conversation most probably take place
W:Here’s a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonight’s show please.
M:Sure. Two tickets and here’s $ 1 change
Q:How much does one ticket cost
3.W:If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis in the afternoon.
M:Oh,I don’t think it’ll last long.The weather forecast says it will cloud-over by mid-afternoon.
Q:What does the man mean
4. W: It's surprising that Tom came out of the accident alive.
M: That’s true. The car crashed into the wall and was completely damaged.
Q: What was the consequence of the accident
5. W:I'm worried about the speech I’m going to give tonight.
M: You’ll be fine. Everyone was really impressed with your last one.
Q: What does the man mean
W:Mr.Watson,I wonder whether it’s possible for me to take a vacation early next month.
M:Did you fill out a request form
Q:What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
W:Shepherd, would you be kind enough to help me finish my homework
M:I'd be glad if you give me a few minutes to finish mine
Q:What do we learn about the man
8.M:Look. Here's Sunday entertainment section. Try and find something we'd both like,
W: How about a film There are a couple of new French ones that are supposed to be excellent.
Q: What are they most probably doing
9. M: This calculator isn't working properly
W:I think you've got the battery in upside down
Q: What can be concluded from this conversation
10.M:I'd like to apply for the position you advertised in the paper
W: A good knowledge of French and Spanish is a must
Q: What does the woman imply
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation. you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice. but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard,
Questions I1 through 13 are based on the following passage.
The United States has experienced a decline in happiness during the past ten years although i remains among the world's happiest countries. That finding comes from the Sustainable Development Solutions Network survey on March 26,2016.
The World Happiness Report found that Americans showed“significant decreases” in happiness from 2005-2007 and again from 2013-2015
The U.S. ranked as the 13th happiest country in the 2016 survey.The report showed that 45 nations showed a decline in happiness during the past 10 years.Burundi was at the lowest spot in the rankings of more than 150 nations.
The happiest country in the world was Denmark,according to the report.The top 10 countries also included Switzerland,Iceland,Norway,Finland,Canada,Netherlands.New Zealand Australia and Sweden.
Greece had the largest drop in the survey.Researchers blamed the drop on the debt crisis in the country
in 2014.the Pew Research Center carried out a life satisfaction survey.In that survey.a top conclusion was that richer countries were happier than poor countries.The Pew research said Asians and Africans are the most optimistic people about their futures.
Money was a big factor driving happiness but it was not the most important according to the Pew organization. The majority of those asked thought good health,quality education for their children and safety from crime were more important than wealth.(Now listen again, please.)
Questions:
11.What do we know about the U.S. according to the 2016 survey
12. Which country has the largest drop in happiness
Which of the following is the least important factor driving happiness
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Learning to share is hard for most children. Young children think about themselves and what they want or need. Thinking about the needs of others is the beginning to learn and to share. Two . three-year-old children should not be expected to share. They are still working on meeting their own needs. By the age of four. many children will share some of their things. By the age of six or seven children begin to understand how to cooperate with other children
Playing in group gives children a chance to learn about sharing and taking turns. In your family day-care home. you may decide that all day care toys and games belong to the group, not to any or child. As the care provider, you need to explain that to the children. Then show them what yo mean. For example, when a child has finished using a group toy and another child picks it up. say out loud that it belongs to that child now. When he is done, it will belong to the next child, etc. Explain to the children that this is called “sharing”. If they want a toy back, they will have to wait for another tum. Explain this process to all the children. Then follow through with your promise Tell the children rules in a way that they understand. You could say. “First you go down the slide then John, and then Sandy."This is clearer to children than saying, “You must all take turns.
(Now listen again, please.)
Questions:
14. What is the start of learning to share
15.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
16. What can be concluded according to the passage
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
M:Hi Eva!Did you watch The Wendall Family last night They're really in the middle of a crisis.
W:Isn't that a new reality TV show, Kim Why are you wasting time watching stuff like that
M:It's not wasting time.I’m amusing myself!It’s fun to watch real people in real situations and think about what 1 would do.
W:I don't need to wonder what I'd do.Id never get myself into half of those situations! Sure there's tension and drama, but how is it entertaining to watch people behaving badly
M: Not everyone behaves badly. Some of the stories are very touching. And I love how ordinary colleagues people can become famous. Millions watch them and talk about them to their friends.
W:Popularity should not be the only reason to put something on TV.Would you want to become famous by doing bad or stupid things
M: Not all of the shows are like that. Some of them are actually educational.
W; Really
M: Sure. One of the shows travels to a different location each week, so you learn about geography
W:Okay, maybe that one is worthwhile, but most of them are just a form of “gossip entertainment”.
M: Not really. They teach you about human nature. Reality TV just reflects the challenges people face in real life.
W:I'm not so sure. It’s still TV, after all, and I think much of what we see is not real. M:Whatever. The shows are still harmless fun and so entertaining.
(Now listen again, please.)
Questions:
17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about
18. Who are the main characters in reality TV shows according to Kim
19. Why does Eva think it a waste of time watching reality TV shows
20. What does Kim think of reality TV shows 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷03（上海卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I. Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a theatre. B. At a train station C. At an airport. D. At a restaurant.
2. A. $1.5. B. $4.5. C. $6.5. D. $8.5.
3. A. They shouldn’t change their plan. B. They’d better change their mind.
C. The tennis game won’t last long. D. The weather forecast is not reliable.
4. A. Tom was killed in the accident. B.Someone saved Tom's life.
C.It did little damage to Tom's car. D. Tom survived the accident.
5. A. He will impress everybody with the presentation.
B.He thinks she will do as good a job as she did last time.
C. She will be successful if she practice more
D. She has good reason to worry about the speech
6. A. Teacher and students. B. Doctor and patient.
C. Manager and office worker. D. Travel agent and customer.
7. A. He is too busy himself. B. He doesn't want to help her.
C. He'd be glad to help after finishing his own work. D. He has already finished his own work.
8. A. They are reading a newspaper. B. They are watching TV.
C. They are discussing new foreign films. D. They are talking about their weekends.
9.A. The battery is not correctly positioned.
B. She doesn’t know how the calculator works.
C. The calculator needs a new battery.
D. The man should enter the number in a different way.
10. A. The advertised jobs are in French and Spanish
B. The notice appeared in French and Spanish newspapers
C.She would like to teach the man French and Spanish
D. French and Spanish are necessary for the job.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The U.S. is not one of the happiest countries in the world
B. The U.S. experienced a decline in happiness only from 2005 to 2007 .
C. The U.S. is not included in the top 10 happiest countries
D. The U.S. is among the 47 countries experiencing a decline in happiness
12. A. Greece . B. Burundi. C. Denmark . D. Australia.
13.A.Quality education. B. Safety from crime C. Good health. D. Wealth.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. Understanding how to cooperate. B. The beginning of how to communicate
C. Considering what others need. D. The first day at the family day-care home
15. A. Children should be taught to share as early as possible.
B. By the age of four, most children are ready to share what they have.
C. A care provider should never say the toy belongs to a certain child.
D. Children can learn to share when playing with other children.
16. A. In a group game, the care provider may decide who the toy belongs to.
B. If a child wants a toy back, he will have to ask the care provider for it
C. It's important for the care provider to explain the importance of sharing to children
D. Care providers need to be patient and explain everything in a way children understand
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The advantages of reality TV shows. B. The disadvantages of reality TV shows
C. Their experiences in reality TV shows. D. Their different views on reality TV shows.
18. A. Ordinary people. B. Famous people.
C. Stupid people. D. Popular people.
19. A. Most of the situations are not real. B. Some of them are too touching.
C. They are full of tension and drama. D. She will never get into such situations.
20. A. They are amusing but sometimes harmful.
B. They are a form of “gossip entertainment”
C. They can entertain and sometimes educate people.
D. They can make people know more about nature.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Your Kids Don’t Want You to Be Perfect. They Just Want You to Be Honest
Dear Parents,
I am thinking of you. I am imagining how hard each of you is trying to get through your days, how much you want to lead your 21 (love) ones through this, how you worry, how you plan, and how you smile for them, when inside you feel at times you are breaking.
I was not a very stable youth. In fact, I never 22 (think) I could be anyone’s mom. I remember the decision 23 (become) a parent. It wasn’t hard to love. It wasn’t hard to dedicate myself to someone and something 24 (great) than my life. 25 was hard was knowing that from now on! Needed to be the one to make sure everything was okay, to manage it and make it work, from food to school to medical, and to be patient.
I realized stopped my constant daydreaming, instead, 26 (stay) always ready for any break into what I was doing or thinking to answer a need. It was a new skill to acquire.
So now, in the midst of this pandemic. I think of all the mothers and fathers with children at home, hoping that 27 all can do everything right, answer all needs, and stay calm and positive.
One thing 28 has helped me is to know that’s impossible.
It is a lovely thing to discover that your children don’t want you perfect. They just want you honest and doing your best. In fact, the more room they have to be great 29 you are weak, the stronger they may become. They love you. They want to help you. And in 30 way, they are raising you up too. You grow together.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．agreement B．borders C． objective D． initiated E. existing F. barely G. stimulated H. dramatically I. migratory J. cooperation K. frequent
Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada, an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River, the park also 31 about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. This land is an important part of the habitat and 32 routes for several endangered species that 33 the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.
With encouragement from the park, local landowners 34 a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local 35 that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared, with 36 of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners, in 37 with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.
The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been 38 by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the 39 character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a 40 improved understanding of all concerns.
III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Restaurant and hotel bosses have had a tough year. Some 700, 000 hospitality workers threw in the 41 on average each month in the past year. Bars, cafes and restaurants are 1.3m workers 42 relative to the 16.9m employed before covid-19. The quite rate in leisure and hospitality jumped by a percentage point, to 6.4%. 43 from the Omicron Variant may make matters worse; as cases increased greatly in December, restaurant footfall (客流) fell 44
As in other industries, workers in hospitality are leaving for various reasons, from fear of infection to 45 opportunities elsewhere. But one big motive is burnout. Surveys find that 46 stress is a growing concern across the labour market, but dissatisfaction is especially high in service roles, where hybrid work is not possible. Data showed that employees 47 the hospitality sector as one of the worst for work-life balance. Workers report that new tasks such as dealing with angry customers and 48 health mandates (指令) have added to the burden.
Work in restaurants and hotels can be physically 49 . poorly paid and unpredictable. Unlike white-collar workers, who suffer from needing to be constantly available, service workers burn out as a result of uncertain 50 and a lack of control over time, says Ashley Whillans of Harvard Business School. Ian Cook of Visier, a human-resources-analytics firm, says that time off during lock-downs gave employees an opportunity to 51 their relationship with “fragile and low paid work.”
Firms have 52 to respond. Many food and accommodation businesses have raised wages - by an average of 8. 1% year on year in the third quarter, the highest increase on record. 53 , that many not be enough. In one poll of hospitality over half said higher pay will not tempt them back by itself.
Daniel Zhao, an economist At Glass-door, foresees a permanent reduction to the hospitality workforce. As some workers quite, those who remain must pick up the slack, leading to more stress. This 54 gives birth to more exits, and so on. 55 an ageing population, with decreasing numbers of young people prepared to work in kitchens or sweep hotel corridors, and hospitality businesses may be contending with (难应对) blue-collar burnout for years to come.
41．A．wrap B．vacation C．towel D．identity
42．A．spare B．rich C．short D．scarce
43．A．Contribution B．Uncertainty C．Remedy D．Consequence
44．A．coincidentally B．sharply C．suddenly D．temporarily
45．A．rare B．better C．occasional D．unclear
46．A．primary B．pessimistic C．momentary D．long-term
47．A．calculate B．approach C．inspect D．rate
48．A．reforming B．regulating C．enforcing D．engaging
49．A．relaxing B．challenging C．draining D．inviting
50．A．schedules B．payments C．exchanges D．prospects
51．A．inquire into B．reflect on C．account for D．answer for
52．A．rushed B．failed C．hesitated D．expected
53．A．Hence B．Moreover C．Similarly D．Nonetheless
54．A．in return B．in a row C．in turn D．in advance
55．A．Exclude B．Follow C．Concern D．Add
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Be a Better Traveler in the Over-tourism Era
Travel has become as accessible as McDonald’s, reaching a new high as global tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion last year. In 1995, global arrivals numbered only 525 million.
As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known. I’m also happy for the retailers, hoteliers, museum keepers and others who have benefited financially from the tourism boom.
I can’t help but wonder, though, what we are actually seeing as we travel these days. More people are travelling, but many are visiting the same places. Is a forest of selfie sticks what I wanted to show my daughter at the Louvre When was the last time I set food on Prague’s main square without being elbowed a dozen times Is a trip to Barcelona complete if you have to avoid every famous location for fear of being trampled (踩踏)
Cities can not do much about this — they can’t very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular. Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn’t be just for the rich, and it’ll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.
So what should travelers do Stay home That’s unlikely. But if you are heading for some of the world’s most popular destinations, rethink your bucket list (愿望清单). You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.
The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination. Don’t fall victim to what people call “selfie culture” and “bucket list culture”. Treat the destination as you would do to your own home - not as a “hidden gem” that you throw money at to get certain experience you feel entitled to.
56．Which of the following is NOT the cause of the drop in travelling costs according to the author
A．The rise of discount airlines.
B．The freedom to choose transport
C．The popularization of mobile devices.
D．The appearances of and Airbnb.
57．According to the passage, why might some people oppose raising the cost of air travel
A．It would result in a decrease in airport security.
B．It would lead to fewer people travelling overall.
C．It would hurt the residents of tourism-dependent cities.
D．It would encourage a “bucket list culture.”
58．What does the author mean by saying “Cities can not do much about this”
A．Facing the trouble of over-tourism, cities lack feasilbe measure.
B．Those cities as famous tourist destinations are not only for the rich.
C．Cities with over-tourism can’t deal with protests among travelers.
D．Cities with over-tourism can stop people making trips there.
59．What should people do to be a better traveler in the over-tourism era
A．Set on a journey at an on-peak time. B．Avoid visiting an iconic site
C．Raise the cost of air travel. D．Be willing to explore new sites.
(B)
Eight steps to refocus your anxiety
Thinking of issues that seem unfixable can lead to an anxious paralysis, but there’s hope.
This is some of the advice I give to those in need of help.
Take a break from the news. Doomscrolling can be addictive and increase the tragic nature of events. In one study, researchers found that those who were immersed in the Boston Marathon bombing news for multiple hours a day in the week after the event experienced higher stress than individuals who were on the scene. I advise those who are feeling depressed by the headlines to read the news just once a day, turn off alerts on their phone and, if possible, check social media less often.
Take care of yourself. You have to be in good fighting shape to cope with the current problems. That means boosting your resilience (韧性) by taking care of your nervous system (sleep well, eat well, exercise wisely) and engaging in positive activities.
Focus on the present. Get in the habit of putting yourself in the here and now. Worrying about the future is not helpful.
Try a breathing exercise. Taking a few deep breaths — for instance, breathing in into the count of five and breathing out to the count of five — will help calm your sympathetic nervous system (the fight or flight response) and lower your anxiety. At the very least, breathing gives you something to do when your feel your heart rate pounding quickly.
Think about your victories. Remind yourself of what’s working well in your own life — whether it’s your job, friendships, or the array of houseplants you cultivated during the pandemic.
Be your own therapist. Ask yourself, what do I specifically feel hopeless about and why Being able to put into words what’s getting you down can help you feel less flooded by emotions and better able to process the information rationally(理性地).
Take action. Worrying doesn’t help one’s mental health, but taking action does. Look around your community. Maybe your local playground would benefit from a basketball court, or your church could sponsor a refugee family. When people engage in local issues, they have a renewed sense of optimism.
Join forces with a friend. Pick a cause. There are hundreds of nonprofits dedicated to addressing some of the most biggest challenges on the planet. Donate money to an inspiring organization or volunteer.
60．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
A．To encourage people to help those in need.
B．To help those in need of help relieve anxiety.
C．To urge people to take action to help themselves.
D．To cheer readers up and boost a feeling of optimism.
61．What does the underlined part of the sentence mean
A．“stopping moving and staying where you are”
B．“focusing on the present moment”
C．“placing yourself in a favorable environment”
D．“forgetting about the losses and gains”
62．Which of the following statements is in line with the author’s advice
A．Only check social media once a day.
B．Involve oneself in activities that boost one’s nervous system.
C．Think of the past victories.
D．Engage in local issues and make contributions.
(C)
Antibiotics, which can destroy or prevent the growth of bacteria and cure infections, are vital to modern medicine. Their ability to kill bacteria without harming the patient has saved billions of lives and made surgical procedures much safer. But after decades of overuse, their powers are fading. Some bacteria have evolved resistance, creating a growing army of superbugs, against which there is little effective treatment. Antimicrobial (抗菌的) resistance, expected to kill 10 million people a year by 2050 up from around 1 million in 2019, has been seen as a crisis by many.
It would be unwise to rely on new antibiotics to solve the problem. The rate at which resistance emerges is increasing. Some new drugs last only two years before bacteria develop resistance. When new antibiotics do arrive, doctors often store them, using them only reluctantly and for short periods when faced with the most persistent infections. That limits sales, making new antibiotics an unappealing idea for most drug firms.
Governments have been trying to fix the problem by channeling cash into research in drug firms. That has produced only limited improvements. But there is a phenomenon worth a look. Microbiologists have known for decades that disease-causing bacteria can suffer from illnesses of their own. They are supersensitive to attacks by phages, specialized viruses that infect bacteria and often kill them. Phages are considered a promising alternative to antibiotics.
Using one disease-causing virus to fight bacteria has several advantages. Like antibiotics, phages only tend to choose particular targets, leaving human cells alone as they infect and destroy bacterial ones. Unlike antibiotics, phages can evolve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria do develop resistance, phages may be able to evolve around them in turn.
That, at least, is the theory. The trouble with phages is that comparatively little is known about them. After the discovery of penicillin, the first antibiotic, in 1928, they were largely ignored in the West. Given the severity of the antibiotic-resistance problem, it would be a good idea to find out more about them.
The first step is to run more clinical trials. Interest from Western firms is growing. But it is being held back by the fact that phages are an even less appealing investment than antibiotics. Since they are natural living things, there may be trouble patenting them, making it hard to recover any investment.
Governments can help fun d basic research into phage treatment and clarify the law around exactly what is and is not patentable. In time they can set up phage banks so as to make production cheaper. And they can spread awareness of the risks of overusing antibiotics, and the potential benefits of phages.
63．We can learn from paragraphs 1 and 2 that .
A．doctors tend to use new antibiotics when the patients ask for them
B．antimicrobial resistance is developing more rapidly than predicted
C．new antibiotics fail to attract drug firms due to limited use of them
D．previous antibiotics are effective in solving modern health problems
64．What is phages’ advantage over antibiotics
A．They can increase human cells when fighting bacteria.
B．They are not particular about which cells to infect and kill.
C．They can evolve accordingly when bacteria develop resistance.
D．They are too sensitive to be infected by disease-causing bacteria.
65．According to the passage, the obstacle to phage treatment is that .
A．there is little chance of patenting phages in the future
B．governments provide financial support for other research
C．the emergence of superbugs holds back drug firms’ interest
D．over-dependence on antibiotics distracts attention from phages
66．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Governments fail to stop the use of antibiotics.
B．Phages could help prevent an antibiotics crisis.
C．Development of antibiotics is limited by phages.
D．Antimicrobial resistance calls for new antibiotics.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How Well Do Films Predict Our teach Future
Everyone judged the possibility of a movie through a different perspective. If you're a doctor, you may think: “That character would not have survived that fall.” If you're a scientist: “that's not how black holes work.” And if you're me, it's more like: “What a stupid concept of future personal technology!”
It makes me crazy when ski-fi moviemakers dream up stuff with no basis in science. Human teleporters Sorry, Star Trek. A bed that detects and cures cancer in seconds No, Elysium.
67 Star Trek's self-opening doors are now a standard feature of grocery store entranced, and the driver less cars from Total Recall (and many other moves) are already on American roads.
Lately it's clear that Hollywood's production designers have been putting serious thought into the teach we'll someday carry. 68 He talks to her through a single ear bud, through which he gets a surprising amount done: processing e-mail, browsing news stories, sending messages. When an image is essential to the communication, he flips open his phone, where the picture appears.
This solution makes a lot of sense—more than, for example, Goggle Glass, a now discontinued head band that placed a mini screen above your eyebrow. Social mistakes, not technical ones, hastened its devise: Glass's camera frightened others and made you look like a disgusting being. 69
In a recent movie called What Happened to Monday, humans live in a dystopian future where, to control overpopulation, it's illegal to have more than one child. The characters wear wrist bands containing tiny projectors. They shine perfectly crisp, color images onto their palms, which the characters tap as though they are touch screens. 70 We won't see this in the real world, though. Even if a pick projector, battery and process or could be shrunk and squeezed into a thin band, challenge remain. How would the projector attain sharp focus on an irregular, moving palm How would it project enough light on sunny days How would it work on very light or very dark skin
Well, I suppose I should let that part go. They're just moves, right They're not a depiction of the future—at least not yet.
A．You can see why people went mad over the concept: imagine having all the power of a smart phone without actually needing a smart phone. B．However, the futuristic technologies some moves depict have accidentally given rise to the possible and practical inventions in the real world. C．Since the Her ear piece has brought about many disc re et and comfortable benefits, it is more sensible than goggle Glass. D．Her, for example, is about a man who falls in love with his Sir i-like voice assistant. E．On the other hand, some moves depict futuristic technologies that are so possible and practical that people invent them in the real world. F．The Her ear piece delivers many of the same benefits, though discreetly and comfortable.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
What Causes Déja Vu
It’s a frightening feeling: You walk into a place you know you’ve never been before but are overwhelmed by a sense of familiarity-a memory you can’t quite reach. Has this all happened before Most people experience ‘this sensation, known as déjà vu, at some point in their lives. It’s a hard feeling to study, though, because it tends to arise spontaneously and be shaken off easily.
Déjà vu means “already seen” in French, a term possibly coined by French philosopher mile Boirac. In a 2009 study, Cognitive psychologist Anne Cleary of Colorado State University and her colleagues found that viewing these sneakily similar scenes was more likely to cause feelings of déjà vu than viewing dissimilar scenes-suggesting that perhaps there is some environmental trigger for the brain to call out, “Hey, I recognize that!” even when it’s never seen the scene before.
While Cleary’s research shows that a slight familiarity can result in déjà vu, Akira Robert O’Connor, a cognitive psychologist at the University of St. Andrews says, in spontaneous déjà vu cases, it’s quite possible that the familiarity feeling is random. Supporting this random-misfire hypothesis is the fact that young people actually experience more déjà vu than older people. Younger brains are a little more excitable, more likely to fire more quickly rather than holding back, O’Connor says.
Older people may also be less adept (擅长的)fact-checkers when false feelings of familiarity arise, says Chris Moulin, a cognitive neuropsychologist at the Grenoble Alpes University. Older adults still recognize such false familiarity. “It’s not perhaps that older adults are not generating false familiarity, ” Moulin says. “It’s just that they don’t have, anymore, that certainty that what they’re experiencing is false. ”
This is a normal part of aging, not the conflation (合并)of déjà vu with reality that people with dementia (老年痴呆症)may experience. So enjoy the feeling of having felt it all before while it lasts, Generation Z.
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V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72．你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗 (sense)
73．书展的门票只能提前一天在网上购买。(available)
74．在新闻发布会上，发言人明确表示他发表的评论媒体不得断章取义，以免造成误解。(it)
75．这部春节档电影明星云集，情节曲折，制作精良，实现了票房与口碑的双丰收。(release)
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校英语报计划腾出一个版面专门刊登学生摄影作品，计划第一期的主题从“My winter vacation”、“People around me”及“The best scene on campus”中选择一个，现向全校同学征求意见。写一封邮件给英语报 读者来信专栏，内容须包括：
1)你推荐的专栏主题；
2)你的理由。
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