2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期中考试（天津卷）（外研版2019必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期中考试（天津卷）（外研版2019必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练）（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-19 01:18:29 | ||
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2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试（天津卷）
英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—The government should limit the number of the cars on the street.
—_______. If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced.
A．It’s up to you B．I couldn’t agree more C．I think not D．That’s settled
2．If you want to do this dance well, your movements must be smooth and your body must be ________.
A．normal B．flexible C．capable D．repetitive
3．A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years.
A．has increased B．have increased C．is increasing D．are increasing
4．A recent study reported that planting billions of trees was the cheapest and most ________ way to absorb carbon dioxide and thus help to deal with global warming.
A．sensitive B．effective C．temporary D．generous
5．There is a lot of public about the plastic particles recently found in water．
A．agreement B．concern
C．content D．responsibility
6．Yesterday afternoon, when I was shopping in the supermarket, I met an old friend ________.
A．in advance B．in return C．by nature D．by accident
7．Mr. Green is a warm-hearted man, and he is always willing to ________ others whenever he is needed.
A．make out B．put out C．help out D．look out
8．Your learning ________ needs to be adjusted a little so that you will have some time for your own hobbies.
A．embarrassment B．complexity C．concern D．strategy
9．From the date ________ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.
A．marking B．marked C．to be marked D．having been marked
10．He is always serious and it is very hard to make him ________ a smile.
A．break out B．break into C．break down D．break through
11．To prove lightning is electricity, Franklin ________ a metal key to the kite and flew the kite in the thunderstorm.
A．attached B．drew C．shot D．drafted
12．All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start.
A．completed B．complete C．had been completed D．have been done
13．For lack of money, the organizers are now trying to look for more people who can ________ the exhibition.
A．destroy B．contribute C．declare D．sponsor
14．Our chemistry teacher ________ the experiment in the lab before we did the experiment by ourselves.
A．stimulated B．sponsored C．demonstrated D．attached
15．Proof has shown that natural selection has played a _________ role in the evolution of some species.
A．capable B．brilliant C．significant D．virtual
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
“Mr Mazzella, what is the difference between a period (句号) and a comma (逗号) ” I was a young substitute teacher (代课老师) in a middle school English class. The regular teacher had called in sick and left a lesson plan going over the rules of 16 . I hated these rules and hardly 17 them myself, even though I was a writer. The English language is one of the most 18 subjects in the world. As I looked at the 19 , I knew that even if I told this student all the different 20 about commas, he wouldn’t remember them.
I was also in no mood for a long 21 . My mom had died just a few short weeks ago. I 22 her so much. I wandered around feeling half 23 inside. All I wanted to do was stay in bed, but my own young family was 24 to get by and I knew I had to take every day of work I could. I looked at the textbook again but couldn’t 25 it because my eyes were so watery. All at once, however, I 26 my previously simple but practical experience I used whenever I was 27 something. “A period is the end of a sentence or a(n) 28 ,” I said, “A comma, on the other hand, is just a brief pause before the 29 continues on.” When I finished saying this, my heart suddenly felt 30 . I smiled and thought of my mom 31 in a place much brighter and happier than the one I was in now.
That little moment of light 32 me as I continued to miss my mom over the months and years to come.
Recently I remembered it once again when I saw this quote in a book I was reading: “Death is not a(n) 33 , only a comma.”
Our lives are a sentence and a 34 that goes on forever. Our 35 here is only a part of it. Our death here is only a comma. Write your story with love.
16．A．grammar B．pronunciation C．classroom D．spelling
17．A．wrote B．imagined C．understood D．realized
18．A．difficult B．interesting C．important D．popular
19．A．class B．textbook C．blackboard D．dictionary
20．A．forms B．roles C．rules D．examples
21．A．lesson B．holiday C．speech D．writing
22．A．upset B．troubled C．trusted D．missed
23．A．alive B．touched C．awake D．dead
24．A．learning B．starting C．struggling D．hoping
25．A．carry B．read C．understand D．find
26．A．forgot B．checked C．considered D．remembered
27．A．writing B．doing C．planning D．teaching
28．A．headline B．thought C．word D．more
29．A．sentence B．paragraph C．action D．activity
30．A．emptier B．colder C．heavier D．lighter
31．A．falling down B．going out C．continuing on D．growing up
32．A．alarmed B．helped C．stopped D．surprised
33．A．end B．period C．loss D．result
34．A．song B．circle C．game D．story
35．A．choice B．task C．time D．visit
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dance Classes for Kids Near Me
Search Dance Class for Kids near me, and Twist N Turns is the best you could get.
★ What does Dance Class for Kids offer at Twist N Turns
Jazz dance and street dance.
★ What is the application process
Applications are accepted throughout the year. The course will run for only four terms. To apply one must visit our center and fill in the application form with one passport-size photo, the birth certificate along with the $50 application fee.
★ What is the course structure
The dance course for kids is for 3.5 to 12 years, divided into three groups: Toddlers (3.5-5 years), Kids (6-8 years) and Tweens (9-12 years).
For below 5 years, we teach creative movement, which is basically the pre-dance class, a way for children to explore movement through music, develop physical skills, and stimulate imagination.
The advanced course includes body awareness, strength, conditioning, space awareness, expressions, and musicality.
At the end of the course, all students have to appear for a performance test in the studio, where they have to demonstrate moves. Then, the kids are selected and promoted to improvers or advanced classes, depending on their skill and level of performance. Not all kids make it to the next level.
★ What are the rules
80% attendance is required. Students have to come in uniform. Also, refer to Dance Etiquette (礼仪).
★ Are certificates provided
The certificate is awarded to students on an internal examination basis conducted after the completion of the course. To attain the certificate one must go to a minimum of 39 classes.
36．The dance class offers ______ kinds of dance.
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
37．What should a boy bring to apply for a dance course
A．His passport. B．His family photo.
C．His application form. D．His birth certificate.
38．What do toddlers learn in the dance course
A．Creative movement. B．Body awareness.
C．Space awareness. D．Musicality.
39．Which is NOT true about the performance test
A．It takes place at the end of the course.
B．Students will show their moves in the test.
C．The students with full attendance can skip the test.
D．Not all students can be promoted to the next level.
40．What is required of a student to get a certificate
A．Winning an internal award.
B．Attending at least 39 classes.
C．Knowing dance etiquette well.
D．Getting an A on the performance test.
B
Rising temperatures driven by the climate crisis are cutting the sleep of people across the world, the largest study to date has found.
The researchers used data from sleep-tracking wristbands (手环) used by 47,000 people over 7 months and across 68 countries. The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year.
However, lost sleep affects some groups much more than others. The sleep loss per degree of warming is about a quarter higher for women than men, twice as high for those over 65 years old and three times higher for those in less affluent nations, where people have less access to cooling features.
Previous studies have shown that rising temperatures damage health, including increasing heart attacks, mental health crises, and accidents and injuries. Poor sleep has also been shown to have these effects, and the researchers say their new study suggests that disturbed sleep may be a key mechanism by which heat causes these health impacts. The researchers say their data shows no signs of people being able to adapt to hotter nights.
“In this study, we provide the first planetary-scale (世界范围的) evidence that warmer than average temperatures cut human sleep,” said Kelton Minor, who led the research. “It’s very likely the effect is more serious.” Minor added that the research had important implications for policymakers, who need to ensure cities, towns and buildings are well adapted to heat in order to reduce the health impacts.
The data used in the study came mainly from richer nations. The wristbands also tended to be worn by people less prone (易于遭受) to sleep disturbance by warmer temperatures. “Lower-income people are underrepresented in the data and we’re well aware of that,” said Minor. He said more research was needed, particularly in places that are already among the hottest in the world.
41．Which is NOT mentioned about the study in paragraph 2
A．How the data was collected.
B．How many respondents were involved.
C．The duration of the study.
D．The purpose of the study.
42．What does the underlined word “affluent” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Thickly populated. B．Badly polluted.
C．Wealthy. D．Equal.
43．How do increasing temperatures harm people
A．They cause car accidents.
B．They reduce people’s sleep time.
C．They result in extreme weather events.
D．They limit people’s adaptation ability.
44．What can be learned from Kelton Minor’s words in paragraph 5
A．The study adopted a new research method.
B．Some cities have taken firmer action to fight the heat.
C．Policymakers have doubts about the study.
D．Heat’s impacts may be worse than estimated.
45．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the study
A．Its findings. B．Its limitations.
C．Its applications. D．Its significance.
C
Recently, a Chinese app known as Zao has been going viral (疯传) on the Internet, getting thousands of downloads (下载), mainly because it lets its users put their face over the top of actors in scenes from movies or TV shows. It went to number one on the Chinese iOS App Store list and has been the most-downloaded free app in just a few days after it came out.
A Twitter user who is mad about Zao has achieved a little fame by sharing the Zao videos of himself in famous TV and movie scenes online. His videos show that he really looks like the main actor in the movies “The Hulk”,“Titanic”, and in the TV drama “Game of Thrones”, which takes just eight seconds. However, the Zao app is only available for people with a Chinese phone number, which means it cannot be downloaded from app stores in the USA or Europe.
The app is based on a new computer technology called deepfake which has spread on the Internet. The word “deepfake” is a combination of “deep learning”, which is an important part of artificial intelligence (AI人工智能) and “fake”, which means not real.
The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them. Deepfake software allows people to replace part of a picture or video with another picture or video. The result is a fake video. The software means you can put your face over the face of a talking president or movie star. This process will make your face speak in the voice of that president or movie star. Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.
Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data. It is possible that hackers (黑客) could steal this data from app companies and use it to hack into users’ phones and steal their money.
46．What can users do with the help of Zao
A．They can perform in real TV shows.
B．They can download movies for free.
C．They can put their faces into popular videos.
D．They can make themselves look more beautiful.
47．It can be inferred from the passage that_____.
A．an online app based on Zao is designed
B．Zao achieved success after it came out
C．the new app is only available for Twitter users
D．it will take a long time to replace actors’ faces with yours
48．What is the weakness of Zao
A．Its high price. B．Its difficult operation.
C．Its outdated system. D．Its limitation of users.
49．What do Paragraphs 4 and 5 talk about
A．Why people worry about the new computer technology.
B．How to use the new computer technology the right way.
C．Why so many people like using deepfake software.
D．How to stop hackers from using deepfake software.
50．What can we learn from the passage
A．It’s safe to use Zao and other deepfake software.
B．The new deepfake app will soon lose most of its users.
C．Many users prefer Zao to deepfake because of its price.
D．Different people have different opinions about Zao.
D
Teens are now less likely to do part-time jobs, drink alcohol or go out without their parents than teens 10 or 20 years ago. This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood. Some people think that today’s teens are more responsible. Others have suggested that today’s teens aren’t working because they are simply lazy.
To figure out what’s really going on, we should look at these trends (趋势) with “life history theory” taken into consideration. A “fast life method” was the most common parenting approach in the mid-20th century, when
fewer high technology devices were available and the average woman had four children. The parents needed to focus on day-to-day survival. As a result, kids needed to take care of themselves sooner. A “slow life method” on the other hand is more common in times and places where families have fewer children and spend more time on each child’s growth and development. When an average family has two children, preparing for college can begin as early as primary schools. There is a clear difference between the two methods. The two methods are adaptations to a particular cultural background, so each isn’t naturally “good”or “bad”.
Delaying exposure (接触) to alcohol, then, could make young adults less prepared to deal with drinking in college. One study found teens who rapidly increased their binge-drinking (酗酒) were more at risk of alcohol dependence than those who learned to drink over a longer period of time. The same might be true for teens who don’t work, drive or go out much in high school. College teachers describe students who can’t do anything without calling their parents.
However, the “slow-life method” is also likely beneficial as teens are spending more time developing socially and emotionally before they drive, drink alcohol and work for pay. The key is to make sure that teens eventually get the opportunity to develop the skills they will need as adults: independence, along with social and decision making skills. For parents, this might mean pushing their teenagers out of the house more.
51．Compared with teens nowadays, which can best describe teens in the past
A．Believable. B．Outgoing.
C．Intelligent. D．Independent.
52．What plays a key role in the trend of teens growing up more slowly
A．Social comments. B．Cultural changes.
C．Educational development. D．Methods of education.
53．What does the author advise parents to do
A．Spend less time in taking care of their children.
B．Force their children to leave home at an early age.
C．Encourage their children to take part in social activities.
D．Help their children to get to adulthood as soon as possible.
54．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How teens develop skills they need in future.
B．Teens take no responsibility for what they do.
C．Why today’s teens aren’t in any hurry to grow up.
D．Nowadays teens can’t make decisions by themselves.
55．In which part of a magazine can we read this passage
A．Society. B．Education.
C．Business. D．Entertainment.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
Walk Out of the Comfort Zone and Try New Things
For most high school students, free periods are useless. From what I have seen, few do homework; instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any. As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes. Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don’t try it.
In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. One of the projects was to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly, so it broke in the kiln (窑). I found out that I have no artistic ability at all, and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist. However, the class was one of my favorites that year. I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point. By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would never needed to take. So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college. The classes we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.
56．How should we use our extra periods in the author’s opinion (No more than 9 words)
57．Why does the author think we should experiment in different fields of study (No more than 17 words)
58．Why did the author take an art class (No more than 12 words)
59．Why did the clay pot show the author’s lack of artistic ability (No more than 10 words)
60．According to the author, how will taking optional subjects impact us in the future (No more than 13words)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假如你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim给你来信，很想了解你最近参加的园艺基地(Gardening Base)学习插花的社会实践活动。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.活动的时间和地点；
2.活动的目的和内容（欣赏花卉、听讲座、亲自动手插花等）；
3.你的感受。
参考词汇：插花 flower arrangement
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
Seeing that you are interested in my recent social practice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——政府应该限定街上汽车的数量。——我完全同意。如果这样，空气污染将大大减少。A.It’s up to you这取决于你；B. I couldn’t agree more 我完全同意；C.I think not我 认为不是；D. That’s settled就这么定了。根据下文“If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced.”可知，说话人完全同意。故选B。
2．B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你想要跳好这支舞，你的动作必须流畅，身体必须灵活。A. normal正常的；B. flexible灵活的；C. capable有能力的；D. repetitive重复的。根据“If you want to do this dance well”可知，想要跳好这支舞，身体必须灵活。故选B。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近的一项研究发现，在过去的五年里，智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将有可能继续下去， the number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词需用单数，所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。
4．B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项最近的研究表明，种植几十亿树是吸收二氧化碳，处理全球变暖的最便宜，也是最有效的方法。此处意为“最有效的方法”，A. sensitive敏感的；B. effective有效果的；C. temporary暂时的；D. generous慷慨的，大方的。故选B。
5．B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：最近在水中发现的塑料颗粒引起了公众的广泛关注。A．agreement协议；B．concern关注，担心；C．content内容；D．responsibility责任。根据句意和“the plastic particles”可知，水中发现的塑料颗粒引起公众关注。故选B。
6．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨天下午，当我在超市购物时，偶然遇到了一个老朋友。A.in advance提前；B. in return作为回报；C. by nature就其本质而言；天生地；D.by accident偶然。根据句意可知，此处表示在购物时偶然遇到了一个老朋友。故选D。
7．C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：格林先生是个热心肠的人，他总是愿意随时帮助别人。
A. make out辨认出；B. put out扑灭；C. help out帮助；D. look out当心。根据上文“Mr. Green is warm-hearted man”可推断，他总是愿意随时帮助别人。故选C。
8．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的学习策略需要调整一点，这样你就有时间从事你自己的爱好。A.embarrassment尴尬；B.complexity复杂性；C.concern关注；关心；D.strategy策略。根据下文“ so that you will have some time for your own hobbies”可知，要调整学习策略，以便有时间从事自己的爱好。故选D。
9．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从金币上标注的日期，我们知道它是500年前制造的。A. marking标注；B. marked标注；C. to mark标注；D. to be marked标注。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词decided，空处作非谓语动词，mark与被修饰词date之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式表被动，作后置定语。故选B项。
10．B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他总是很严肃，很难让他脸上绽放出笑容。此处意为“绽放出笑容”，表达为break into a smile。A. break out爆发；C. break down分解，发生故障；D. break through突破。故选B。
11．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了证明闪电带电，Franklin将一把金属钥匙系在风筝上，然后在雷雨中放风筝。A. attached系，连接；B. drew画，吸收；C. shot射击；D. drafted起草。此处意为“将钥匙系在风筝上”。故选A。
12．D
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这项任务的所有准备工作都已完成，我们准备开始了。根据语境可知，此处表示任务的准备工作“已经被完成”，应用被动语态；由we’re ready to start可知，应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响。故选D项。
13．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于缺乏资金，组织者正在努力寻找更多的人来赞助这次展览。A. destroy破坏；B. contribute贡献；C. declare宣称；D. sponsor赞助。分析句子且根据句意可知，因为缺钱，所以要找人来赞助，故空处应填谓语动词原形sponsor，表示“赞助”，符合上下文。故选D项。
14．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们自己做实验之前，化学老师在实验室里演示了实验。A. stimulated 刺激；B. sponsored 赞助； C. demonstrated 演示；D. attached 附属。根据句意“在我们自己做实验之前”，可知化学老师“演示”了实验，故选C。
15．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：证据表明，自然选择在某些物种的进化中发挥了重要作用。A. capable能干的；B. brilliant聪明的；C. significant重要的；D. virtual事实上的。根据常识判断可知，自然选择在物种进化中发挥了重要的作用。故选C。
16．A 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章主要讲述作者由学生的一个问题感悟到：死亡不是句号，而是逗号。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正式教师请了病假，留下了一份复习语法规则的教案。A. grammar语法；B. pronunciation发音；C. classroom教室；D. spelling拼写。根据上文“what is the difference between a period (句号) and a comma (逗号) (句号和逗号的区别是什么？)”可知，此处指语法规则，故选A。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌这些规则，我自己也很难理解它们，尽管我是个作家。A. wrote写；B. imagined想象；C. understood理解；D. realized意识到。根据空前“I hated these rules”及空后“even though I was a writer”表达的让步语气可知，作者讨厌这些语法规则，尽管自己是作家，也很难理解它们，故选C。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英语是世界上最难的科目之一。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. important重要的；D. popular受欢迎的，流行的。上文提到作者讨厌语法规则，结合下文“he wouldn’t remember them(他也不会记得它们)”可知，英语是世界上最难的科目之一，故选A。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看着教科书时，我知道即使我告诉这个学生所有关于逗号的不同规则，他也不会记住它们。A. class班级；B. textbook课本，教科书；C. blackboard黑板；D. dictionary字典。根据语境及下文提示“I looked at the textbook again(我再次看了教
科书)”可知，学生问问题，作者看了一眼教科书，故选B。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forms形式；B. roles角色；C. rules规则；D. examples例子。结合语境及上文反复提及的“rules”可知，此处指即使告诉这个学生所有关于逗号的不同规则，他也记不住，故选C。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也没有心情上长课。A. lesson课，课程；B. holiday假期；C. speech演讲；D. writing写作。根据上文“I was a young substitute teacher (代课老师)”可知，作者是代课老师，此处指没心情上很长时间的课，故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很想念她。A. upset使心烦意乱；B. troubled麻烦；C. trusted信任；D. missed想念，思念。根据上文“My mom had died just a few short weeks ago.(我妈妈几周前刚刚去世)”可知，妈妈去世，作者应是很思念她，故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我踱来踱去，感到极度疲惫。A. alive活着的；B. touched触动的；C. awake醒着的；D. dead死去的，死的。根据语境及下文“All I wanted to do was stay in bed(我唯一想做的就是躺在床上)”可知，作者感到极度疲惫，half dead极度疲惫，筋疲力尽，故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我唯一想做的就是躺在床上，但我自己年轻的家庭正在挣扎着度日，我知道我必须尽可能多地工作。A. learning学习；B. starting开始；C. struggling挣扎，艰难地行进；D. hoping希望。根据“I knew I had to take every day of work I could”可知，作者自己的家庭艰难度日，作者不得不工作挣钱，故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又看了一遍课本，但还是无法阅读，因为我的眼睛太湿润了。A. carry携带；B. read读；C. understand理解；D. find发现。根据“because my eyes were so watery”可知，作者眼睛湿润，所以看教科书时无法阅读，故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，突然间，我想起了我以前写东西时使用的简单而实用的经验。A. forgot忘记；B. checked检查；C. considered考虑；D. remembered想起，记得。下文作者回答了学生的问题，所以此处指突然想起以前的经验，故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. writing写；B. doing做；C. planning计划；D. teaching教。第一段中“even though I was a writer”提到作者是个作家，故此处指以前写东西时的经验，故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“句号是一个句子或一个想法的结束，”我说，“而逗号只是在句子继续之前的短暂停顿。”A. headline标题；B. thought想法；C. word单词；D. more更多。结合语境可知，句号是指一个句子或一个想法的结束，故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sentence句子；B. paragraph段落；C. action行动；D. activity活动。此处指上文的“a sentence”，指逗号只是在句子前的短暂停顿，故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我说完这些，我的心突然感到更加轻松。A. emptier更空的；B. colder更寒冷的；C. heavier更重的；D. lighter更明亮的，更轻的。根据下一句“I smiled”可知，说完这些话，作者突然感觉更加轻松了，故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我笑了，想着妈妈是继续在一个比我现在更光明、更快乐的地方生活。A. falling down跌倒，倒塌；B. going out外出；C. continuing on继续；D. growing up成长。根据空后“in a place much brighter and happier”及下文提到“死亡不是句号，而是逗号”可知，作者想通了，妈妈只是在另一个地方继续生活，故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来我继续想念妈妈的岁月里，那一刻的轻松帮助了我。A. alarmed使惊恐；B. helped帮助；C. stopped停止；D. surprised使惊讶。根据“as I continued to miss my mom over the months and years to come”可知，在接下来作者继续想念妈妈的岁月里，那一刻的轻松想法都帮助缓解了作者的思念之情，故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，当我在一本书中看到这句话时，我又想起了这句话：“死亡不是句号，只是一个逗号。”A. end结束；B. period句号；C. loss丧失；D. result结果。此处是用逗号和句号来比喻死亡，故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一个句子和永恒的故事。A. song 歌；B. circle圆圈；C. game游戏；D. story故事。根据文章最后一句“Write your story with love.(用爱书写你的故事)”可知，生命是一个永恒的故事，故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在这里的时间只是其中的一部分。A. choice选择；B. task任务；C. time时间；D. visit拜访。结合上下文可知，生命是一个永恒的故事，我们在这里的时间只是它的一部分，故选C。
36．A 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Twist N Turns舞蹈班的相关课程和报名方式。
36．细节理解题。根据文章★What does Dance Class for Kids offer at Twist N Turns 部分“Jazz dance and street dance.(爵士舞和街舞。)”可知，主要提供两种舞蹈课程，故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the application process 部分“To apply one must visit our center and fill in the application form with one passport-size photo, the birth certificate along with the $50 application fee.(要申请，必须访问我们的中心，填写申请表，并附上一张护照尺寸的
照片、出生证明以及50美元的申请费。)”可知，一个男孩如果想要申请课程，需要带上出生证明，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the course structure 部分第二段“For below 5 years, we teach creative movement, which is basically the pre-dance class, a way for children to explore movement through music, develop physical skills, and stimulate imagination.(5岁以下，我们教授创造性动作，这基本上是舞蹈前课程，是孩子们通过音乐探索动作、发展身体技能和激发想象力的一种方式。)”可知，幼儿可以学到创造性动作，故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the course structure 部分第四段“At the end of the course, all students have to appear for a performance test in the studio, where they have to demonstrate moves. Then, the kids are selected and promoted to improvers or advanced classes, depending on their skill and level of performance. Not all kids make it to the next level.(课程结束时，所有学生都必须在工作室参加表演测试，在那里他们必须演示动作。然后，根据孩子的技能和表演水平，他们被选中并提升到改良班或者高阶班。并不是所有孩子都能达到下一个水平。)”可知，ABD表述正确，C项“全勤的孩子可以跳过测试”表述错误，故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据文章★ Are certificates provided 部分“To attain the certificate one must go to a minimum of 39 classes.(要获得证书，必须至少上39节课。)”可知，要获取证书，要求学生至少上39节课，故选B。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候危机导致的气温上升会缩短世界各地人们的睡眠时间。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used data from sleep-tracking wristbands (手环) used by 47,000 people over 7 months and across 68 countries. The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year. (研究人员使用了睡眠追踪腕带的数据，腕带是由68个国家的4700个人，戴了长达7个月。分析显示，因为夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年的睡眠时间减少44小时。)”可知，在第二段中，未提到研究的目的，故选D。
42．词句猜测题。根据文章划线词affluent后的内容“where people have less access to cooling features. (在这些地方，人们很少能使用制冷设备。)”可推知，此处指那些地方很少有人使用制冷设备来保证睡眠，因此那些地方是不太富裕的地区，无法支付制冷设备，故此处划线词
affluent与C项“wealthy富有的，富裕的”意思相近，故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year. (分析显示，因为夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年的睡眠时间减少44小时。)”可知，气温升高，缩短了人们睡眠的时间，故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““In this study, we provide the first planetary-scale (世界范围的) evidence that warmer than average temperatures cut human sleep,” said Kelton Minor, who led the research. “It’s very likely the effect is more serious.” Minor added that the research had important implications for policymakers, who need to ensure cities, towns and buildings are well adapted to heat in order to reduce the health impacts. ( Kelton Minor说道：“在这项研究中，我们提供了第一个世界范围的证据，表明高于平均水平高的气温会缩短人类的睡眠。这种影响很可能更严重。” Minor补充道，这项研究对于政策制定者有着重要的影响，他们需要确保城市、城镇和建筑物能够很好地适应高温，以减少对健康的影响。)”可知，从Kelton Minor的话中，我们可以知道高温的影响可能比估计中更加严重，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Lower-income people are underrepresented in the data and we’re well aware of that,” said Minor. He said more research was needed, particularly in places that are already among the hottest in the world. ( Minor说道：“低收入人群在数据中的代表性不足，我们很清楚这一点。”他说，还需要做更多的研究，尤其在世界上已经是最热的地区。)”可知，最后一段主要说明这项研究的局限性，数据的代表性不足，且需要在已经是最热的地区做进一步的研究，故选B。
46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．D
【导语】本文是说明文。最近，一款名为“Zao”的中国应用在互联网上走红，它可以让用户在电影或电视剧场景中把演员的脸换成自己的。文章介绍了该应用程序以及不同的人对该应用程序的不同看法。
46．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, a Chinese app known as Zao has been going viral (疯传) on the Internet, getting thousands of downloads (下载), mainly because it lets its users put their face over the top of actors in scenes from movies or TV shows. (最近，一款名为“Zao”的中国应用在互联网上走红，下载量达到数千次，主要是因为它可以让用户在电影或电视剧场景中把演员的脸换成自己的。)”可知，Zao的用户可以把他们的脸放进流行的视频里。故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It went to number one on the Chinese iOS App Store list and has been the most-downloaded free app in just a few days after it came out.(它在中国 iOS 应用商店排行榜上名列第一，并且在发布后的几天内成为下载量最大的免费应用。)”可推知，Zao发布几天内广受下载，在中国 iOS 应用商店排行榜上名列第一，可得出Zao在开发出来后就取得了成功，故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the Zao app is only available for people with a Chinese phone number, which means it cannot be downloaded from app stores in the USA or Europe.(然而，Zao应用程序只适用于拥有中国电话号码的用户，这意味着它不能从美国或欧洲的应用程序商店下载。)”可知，Zao只适用于拥有中国电话号码的用户，由此可知，Zao的缺点是限制不同的用户。故选D。
49．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them...This process will make your face speak in the voice of that president or movie star. Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.(新的计算机技术使人们担心更多的假新闻和其他可能误导他们的事情。……这个过程会让你的脸用总统或电影明星的声音说话。许多美国人担心这项技术将被用于一些重要的国家活动。)”和第五段“Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data.(其他人担心他们可能会丢失他们的面部识别数据)”可知，第四段和第五段解释了人们担心新的计算机技术的原因。故选A。
50．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them. (新的计算机技术使人们担心更多的假新闻和其他可能误导他们的事情。)”，“Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.(许多美国人担心这项技术将被用于一些重要的国家活动。)”和最后一段中“Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data.(其他人担心他们可能会丢失他们的面部识别数据)”可推知，对于使用新技术的应用程序Zao，不同的人有不同的看法，故选D。
51．D 52．B 53．C 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明。文章介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，并分析了其
原因和这一趋势的利弊。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood.(这一代青少年推迟了成年后的责任和快乐)”以及第二段中的“As a result, kids needed to take care of themselves sooner.(因此，孩子们需要更早地照顾自己)”可知，与现在的青少年相比，过去的青少年要更早学会照顾自己，由此可知，过去的青少年独立性更强，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To figure out what’s really going on, we should look at these trends (趋势) with ‘life history theory’ taken into consideration.(为了弄清楚到底发生了什么，我们应该考虑到‘生命史理论’来看待这些趋势)”以及“The two methods are adaptations to a particular cultural background, so each isn’t naturally ‘good’ or ‘bad’.(这两种方法都是对特定文化背景的适应，因此并不是天生的‘好’或‘坏’)”可知，青少年成长的文化背景改变了，所以造成他们成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The key is to make sure that teens eventually get the opportunity to develop the skills they will need as adults: independence, along with social and decision making skills. For parents, this might mean pushing their teenagers out of the house more.(关键是要确保青少年最终有机会发展他们成年后需要的技能：独立，以及社交和决策技能。对父母来说，这可能意味着更多地把孩子赶出家门)”可知，作者建议家长敦促青少年多出去参加社会活动，故选C。
54．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Teens are now less likely to do part-time jobs, drink alcohol or go out without their parents than teens 10 or 20 years ago. This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood.(与10年或20年前的青少年相比，现在的青少年不太可能做兼职、喝酒或在没有父母陪伴的情况下外出。这一代青少年正在推迟成年后的责任和快乐)”可知，作者首先介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，紧接着分析了造成这种现象的原因，最后又陈述了这种趋势的利弊，总的来说，文章紧紧围绕着“当今青少年为何不急于长大”这一问题展开讨论，故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，并分析了其原因和这一趋势的利弊，故我们可以在杂志的社会部分读到。故选A。
56．We should use them to take optional subjects. 57．We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it. 58．Taking an art class is a graduation requirement 59．It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln. 60．It will enrich our mind and show colleges
we are diverse students.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了作为一个学生，我们应该不断尝试新的内容来丰富我们的大脑，增长经验。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句话“As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects. (作为明年的大四学生，我认为应该利用额外的时间来选修课程)”可知，作者认为应该用课外时间去学一些课外的科目。故答案是We should use them to take optional subjects.
57．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it. (现在是时候在不同的领域进行实验了。如果不去尝试，我们永远不会知道自己是否对某个领域感兴趣或者有天赋)”可知，如果不尝试，我们永远不会知道我们是否对一门学科感兴趣或有天赋。故答案是We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.
58．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. (在我八年级的时候，我被告知我必须参加一门艺术课作为毕业要求；所以在九年级的时候，我选修了工作室和艺术。)”可知，作者选修美术课是毕业要求。故答案是Taking an art class is a graduation requirement.
59．考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句话“One of the projects were to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly so it broke in the kiln. (其中一个项目是建造一个陶罐，但是我做的不对，所以它在窑里就坏了)”可知，作者因为做错了陶罐导致它在窑里坏了，从而得知，自己没有艺术家的天分。故答案是It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
60．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的倒数两句话“The class we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects t will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students. (我们选择的课程会影响我们的未来。上选修课会丰富我们的思想。这也会让大学看到，我们是多元化的学生)”可知，去学选修课可以丰富我们的大脑，让我们成为一个多才多艺的大学生。故答案是It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
61．Dear Jim,
Seeing that you are interested in my recent social practice, I am writing to share with you some relevant information.
The social practice, scheduled from8:00 to 10:00 on the morning of last Friday, took place at
the Gardening Base near our school. Aiming to expose us to an enjoyable and meaningful atmosphere, a variety of activities were held. Upon our arrival, we were initially instructed to appreciate flowers in bloom. Then came a lecture delivered by an expert about flower arrangement. Lastly, under the guide’s patient instruction, I managed to accomplish my flower arrangement.
In my eyes, not only does it broaden our minds, but it also helps us have a further understanding of labour.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Jim写封回信，介绍你最近参加的园艺基地(Gardening Base)学习插花的社会实践活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
相关的：relevant →related
发生：take place →happen/occur
愉快的：enjoyable →pleasant/ delightful
在某人看来：in one's eyes = in one’s opinion/ in the opinion of sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then came a lecture delivered by an expert about flower arrangement.
拓展句：Then came a lecture delivered by an expert who is skilled at flower arrangement.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to expose us to an enjoyable and meaningful atmosphere, a variety of activities were held. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] In my eyes, not only does it broaden our minds, but it also helps us have a further understanding of labour. (运用了部分倒装结构)
英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—The government should limit the number of the cars on the street.
—_______. If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced.
A．It’s up to you B．I couldn’t agree more C．I think not D．That’s settled
2．If you want to do this dance well, your movements must be smooth and your body must be ________.
A．normal B．flexible C．capable D．repetitive
3．A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years.
A．has increased B．have increased C．is increasing D．are increasing
4．A recent study reported that planting billions of trees was the cheapest and most ________ way to absorb carbon dioxide and thus help to deal with global warming.
A．sensitive B．effective C．temporary D．generous
5．There is a lot of public about the plastic particles recently found in water．
A．agreement B．concern
C．content D．responsibility
6．Yesterday afternoon, when I was shopping in the supermarket, I met an old friend ________.
A．in advance B．in return C．by nature D．by accident
7．Mr. Green is a warm-hearted man, and he is always willing to ________ others whenever he is needed.
A．make out B．put out C．help out D．look out
8．Your learning ________ needs to be adjusted a little so that you will have some time for your own hobbies.
A．embarrassment B．complexity C．concern D．strategy
9．From the date ________ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.
A．marking B．marked C．to be marked D．having been marked
10．He is always serious and it is very hard to make him ________ a smile.
A．break out B．break into C．break down D．break through
11．To prove lightning is electricity, Franklin ________ a metal key to the kite and flew the kite in the thunderstorm.
A．attached B．drew C．shot D．drafted
12．All the preparations for the task ________, and we’re ready to start.
A．completed B．complete C．had been completed D．have been done
13．For lack of money, the organizers are now trying to look for more people who can ________ the exhibition.
A．destroy B．contribute C．declare D．sponsor
14．Our chemistry teacher ________ the experiment in the lab before we did the experiment by ourselves.
A．stimulated B．sponsored C．demonstrated D．attached
15．Proof has shown that natural selection has played a _________ role in the evolution of some species.
A．capable B．brilliant C．significant D．virtual
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
“Mr Mazzella, what is the difference between a period (句号) and a comma (逗号) ” I was a young substitute teacher (代课老师) in a middle school English class. The regular teacher had called in sick and left a lesson plan going over the rules of 16 . I hated these rules and hardly 17 them myself, even though I was a writer. The English language is one of the most 18 subjects in the world. As I looked at the 19 , I knew that even if I told this student all the different 20 about commas, he wouldn’t remember them.
I was also in no mood for a long 21 . My mom had died just a few short weeks ago. I 22 her so much. I wandered around feeling half 23 inside. All I wanted to do was stay in bed, but my own young family was 24 to get by and I knew I had to take every day of work I could. I looked at the textbook again but couldn’t 25 it because my eyes were so watery. All at once, however, I 26 my previously simple but practical experience I used whenever I was 27 something. “A period is the end of a sentence or a(n) 28 ,” I said, “A comma, on the other hand, is just a brief pause before the 29 continues on.” When I finished saying this, my heart suddenly felt 30 . I smiled and thought of my mom 31 in a place much brighter and happier than the one I was in now.
That little moment of light 32 me as I continued to miss my mom over the months and years to come.
Recently I remembered it once again when I saw this quote in a book I was reading: “Death is not a(n) 33 , only a comma.”
Our lives are a sentence and a 34 that goes on forever. Our 35 here is only a part of it. Our death here is only a comma. Write your story with love.
16．A．grammar B．pronunciation C．classroom D．spelling
17．A．wrote B．imagined C．understood D．realized
18．A．difficult B．interesting C．important D．popular
19．A．class B．textbook C．blackboard D．dictionary
20．A．forms B．roles C．rules D．examples
21．A．lesson B．holiday C．speech D．writing
22．A．upset B．troubled C．trusted D．missed
23．A．alive B．touched C．awake D．dead
24．A．learning B．starting C．struggling D．hoping
25．A．carry B．read C．understand D．find
26．A．forgot B．checked C．considered D．remembered
27．A．writing B．doing C．planning D．teaching
28．A．headline B．thought C．word D．more
29．A．sentence B．paragraph C．action D．activity
30．A．emptier B．colder C．heavier D．lighter
31．A．falling down B．going out C．continuing on D．growing up
32．A．alarmed B．helped C．stopped D．surprised
33．A．end B．period C．loss D．result
34．A．song B．circle C．game D．story
35．A．choice B．task C．time D．visit
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dance Classes for Kids Near Me
Search Dance Class for Kids near me, and Twist N Turns is the best you could get.
★ What does Dance Class for Kids offer at Twist N Turns
Jazz dance and street dance.
★ What is the application process
Applications are accepted throughout the year. The course will run for only four terms. To apply one must visit our center and fill in the application form with one passport-size photo, the birth certificate along with the $50 application fee.
★ What is the course structure
The dance course for kids is for 3.5 to 12 years, divided into three groups: Toddlers (3.5-5 years), Kids (6-8 years) and Tweens (9-12 years).
For below 5 years, we teach creative movement, which is basically the pre-dance class, a way for children to explore movement through music, develop physical skills, and stimulate imagination.
The advanced course includes body awareness, strength, conditioning, space awareness, expressions, and musicality.
At the end of the course, all students have to appear for a performance test in the studio, where they have to demonstrate moves. Then, the kids are selected and promoted to improvers or advanced classes, depending on their skill and level of performance. Not all kids make it to the next level.
★ What are the rules
80% attendance is required. Students have to come in uniform. Also, refer to Dance Etiquette (礼仪).
★ Are certificates provided
The certificate is awarded to students on an internal examination basis conducted after the completion of the course. To attain the certificate one must go to a minimum of 39 classes.
36．The dance class offers ______ kinds of dance.
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
37．What should a boy bring to apply for a dance course
A．His passport. B．His family photo.
C．His application form. D．His birth certificate.
38．What do toddlers learn in the dance course
A．Creative movement. B．Body awareness.
C．Space awareness. D．Musicality.
39．Which is NOT true about the performance test
A．It takes place at the end of the course.
B．Students will show their moves in the test.
C．The students with full attendance can skip the test.
D．Not all students can be promoted to the next level.
40．What is required of a student to get a certificate
A．Winning an internal award.
B．Attending at least 39 classes.
C．Knowing dance etiquette well.
D．Getting an A on the performance test.
B
Rising temperatures driven by the climate crisis are cutting the sleep of people across the world, the largest study to date has found.
The researchers used data from sleep-tracking wristbands (手环) used by 47,000 people over 7 months and across 68 countries. The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year.
However, lost sleep affects some groups much more than others. The sleep loss per degree of warming is about a quarter higher for women than men, twice as high for those over 65 years old and three times higher for those in less affluent nations, where people have less access to cooling features.
Previous studies have shown that rising temperatures damage health, including increasing heart attacks, mental health crises, and accidents and injuries. Poor sleep has also been shown to have these effects, and the researchers say their new study suggests that disturbed sleep may be a key mechanism by which heat causes these health impacts. The researchers say their data shows no signs of people being able to adapt to hotter nights.
“In this study, we provide the first planetary-scale (世界范围的) evidence that warmer than average temperatures cut human sleep,” said Kelton Minor, who led the research. “It’s very likely the effect is more serious.” Minor added that the research had important implications for policymakers, who need to ensure cities, towns and buildings are well adapted to heat in order to reduce the health impacts.
The data used in the study came mainly from richer nations. The wristbands also tended to be worn by people less prone (易于遭受) to sleep disturbance by warmer temperatures. “Lower-income people are underrepresented in the data and we’re well aware of that,” said Minor. He said more research was needed, particularly in places that are already among the hottest in the world.
41．Which is NOT mentioned about the study in paragraph 2
A．How the data was collected.
B．How many respondents were involved.
C．The duration of the study.
D．The purpose of the study.
42．What does the underlined word “affluent” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Thickly populated. B．Badly polluted.
C．Wealthy. D．Equal.
43．How do increasing temperatures harm people
A．They cause car accidents.
B．They reduce people’s sleep time.
C．They result in extreme weather events.
D．They limit people’s adaptation ability.
44．What can be learned from Kelton Minor’s words in paragraph 5
A．The study adopted a new research method.
B．Some cities have taken firmer action to fight the heat.
C．Policymakers have doubts about the study.
D．Heat’s impacts may be worse than estimated.
45．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the study
A．Its findings. B．Its limitations.
C．Its applications. D．Its significance.
C
Recently, a Chinese app known as Zao has been going viral (疯传) on the Internet, getting thousands of downloads (下载), mainly because it lets its users put their face over the top of actors in scenes from movies or TV shows. It went to number one on the Chinese iOS App Store list and has been the most-downloaded free app in just a few days after it came out.
A Twitter user who is mad about Zao has achieved a little fame by sharing the Zao videos of himself in famous TV and movie scenes online. His videos show that he really looks like the main actor in the movies “The Hulk”,“Titanic”, and in the TV drama “Game of Thrones”, which takes just eight seconds. However, the Zao app is only available for people with a Chinese phone number, which means it cannot be downloaded from app stores in the USA or Europe.
The app is based on a new computer technology called deepfake which has spread on the Internet. The word “deepfake” is a combination of “deep learning”, which is an important part of artificial intelligence (AI人工智能) and “fake”, which means not real.
The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them. Deepfake software allows people to replace part of a picture or video with another picture or video. The result is a fake video. The software means you can put your face over the face of a talking president or movie star. This process will make your face speak in the voice of that president or movie star. Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.
Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data. It is possible that hackers (黑客) could steal this data from app companies and use it to hack into users’ phones and steal their money.
46．What can users do with the help of Zao
A．They can perform in real TV shows.
B．They can download movies for free.
C．They can put their faces into popular videos.
D．They can make themselves look more beautiful.
47．It can be inferred from the passage that_____.
A．an online app based on Zao is designed
B．Zao achieved success after it came out
C．the new app is only available for Twitter users
D．it will take a long time to replace actors’ faces with yours
48．What is the weakness of Zao
A．Its high price. B．Its difficult operation.
C．Its outdated system. D．Its limitation of users.
49．What do Paragraphs 4 and 5 talk about
A．Why people worry about the new computer technology.
B．How to use the new computer technology the right way.
C．Why so many people like using deepfake software.
D．How to stop hackers from using deepfake software.
50．What can we learn from the passage
A．It’s safe to use Zao and other deepfake software.
B．The new deepfake app will soon lose most of its users.
C．Many users prefer Zao to deepfake because of its price.
D．Different people have different opinions about Zao.
D
Teens are now less likely to do part-time jobs, drink alcohol or go out without their parents than teens 10 or 20 years ago. This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood. Some people think that today’s teens are more responsible. Others have suggested that today’s teens aren’t working because they are simply lazy.
To figure out what’s really going on, we should look at these trends (趋势) with “life history theory” taken into consideration. A “fast life method” was the most common parenting approach in the mid-20th century, when
fewer high technology devices were available and the average woman had four children. The parents needed to focus on day-to-day survival. As a result, kids needed to take care of themselves sooner. A “slow life method” on the other hand is more common in times and places where families have fewer children and spend more time on each child’s growth and development. When an average family has two children, preparing for college can begin as early as primary schools. There is a clear difference between the two methods. The two methods are adaptations to a particular cultural background, so each isn’t naturally “good”or “bad”.
Delaying exposure (接触) to alcohol, then, could make young adults less prepared to deal with drinking in college. One study found teens who rapidly increased their binge-drinking (酗酒) were more at risk of alcohol dependence than those who learned to drink over a longer period of time. The same might be true for teens who don’t work, drive or go out much in high school. College teachers describe students who can’t do anything without calling their parents.
However, the “slow-life method” is also likely beneficial as teens are spending more time developing socially and emotionally before they drive, drink alcohol and work for pay. The key is to make sure that teens eventually get the opportunity to develop the skills they will need as adults: independence, along with social and decision making skills. For parents, this might mean pushing their teenagers out of the house more.
51．Compared with teens nowadays, which can best describe teens in the past
A．Believable. B．Outgoing.
C．Intelligent. D．Independent.
52．What plays a key role in the trend of teens growing up more slowly
A．Social comments. B．Cultural changes.
C．Educational development. D．Methods of education.
53．What does the author advise parents to do
A．Spend less time in taking care of their children.
B．Force their children to leave home at an early age.
C．Encourage their children to take part in social activities.
D．Help their children to get to adulthood as soon as possible.
54．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How teens develop skills they need in future.
B．Teens take no responsibility for what they do.
C．Why today’s teens aren’t in any hurry to grow up.
D．Nowadays teens can’t make decisions by themselves.
55．In which part of a magazine can we read this passage
A．Society. B．Education.
C．Business. D．Entertainment.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
Walk Out of the Comfort Zone and Try New Things
For most high school students, free periods are useless. From what I have seen, few do homework; instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any. As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes. Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don’t try it.
In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. One of the projects was to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly, so it broke in the kiln (窑). I found out that I have no artistic ability at all, and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist. However, the class was one of my favorites that year. I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point. By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would never needed to take. So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college. The classes we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students.
56．How should we use our extra periods in the author’s opinion (No more than 9 words)
57．Why does the author think we should experiment in different fields of study (No more than 17 words)
58．Why did the author take an art class (No more than 12 words)
59．Why did the clay pot show the author’s lack of artistic ability (No more than 10 words)
60．According to the author, how will taking optional subjects impact us in the future (No more than 13words)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假如你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim给你来信，很想了解你最近参加的园艺基地(Gardening Base)学习插花的社会实践活动。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.活动的时间和地点；
2.活动的目的和内容（欣赏花卉、听讲座、亲自动手插花等）；
3.你的感受。
参考词汇：插花 flower arrangement
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
Seeing that you are interested in my recent social practice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——政府应该限定街上汽车的数量。——我完全同意。如果这样，空气污染将大大减少。A.It’s up to you这取决于你；B. I couldn’t agree more 我完全同意；C.I think not我 认为不是；D. That’s settled就这么定了。根据下文“If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced.”可知，说话人完全同意。故选B。
2．B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你想要跳好这支舞，你的动作必须流畅，身体必须灵活。A. normal正常的；B. flexible灵活的；C. capable有能力的；D. repetitive重复的。根据“If you want to do this dance well”可知，想要跳好这支舞，身体必须灵活。故选B。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近的一项研究发现，在过去的五年里，智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将有可能继续下去， the number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词需用单数，所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。
4．B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项最近的研究表明，种植几十亿树是吸收二氧化碳，处理全球变暖的最便宜，也是最有效的方法。此处意为“最有效的方法”，A. sensitive敏感的；B. effective有效果的；C. temporary暂时的；D. generous慷慨的，大方的。故选B。
5．B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：最近在水中发现的塑料颗粒引起了公众的广泛关注。A．agreement协议；B．concern关注，担心；C．content内容；D．responsibility责任。根据句意和“the plastic particles”可知，水中发现的塑料颗粒引起公众关注。故选B。
6．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨天下午，当我在超市购物时，偶然遇到了一个老朋友。A.in advance提前；B. in return作为回报；C. by nature就其本质而言；天生地；D.by accident偶然。根据句意可知，此处表示在购物时偶然遇到了一个老朋友。故选D。
7．C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：格林先生是个热心肠的人，他总是愿意随时帮助别人。
A. make out辨认出；B. put out扑灭；C. help out帮助；D. look out当心。根据上文“Mr. Green is warm-hearted man”可推断，他总是愿意随时帮助别人。故选C。
8．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的学习策略需要调整一点，这样你就有时间从事你自己的爱好。A.embarrassment尴尬；B.complexity复杂性；C.concern关注；关心；D.strategy策略。根据下文“ so that you will have some time for your own hobbies”可知，要调整学习策略，以便有时间从事自己的爱好。故选D。
9．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从金币上标注的日期，我们知道它是500年前制造的。A. marking标注；B. marked标注；C. to mark标注；D. to be marked标注。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词decided，空处作非谓语动词，mark与被修饰词date之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式表被动，作后置定语。故选B项。
10．B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他总是很严肃，很难让他脸上绽放出笑容。此处意为“绽放出笑容”，表达为break into a smile。A. break out爆发；C. break down分解，发生故障；D. break through突破。故选B。
11．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了证明闪电带电，Franklin将一把金属钥匙系在风筝上，然后在雷雨中放风筝。A. attached系，连接；B. drew画，吸收；C. shot射击；D. drafted起草。此处意为“将钥匙系在风筝上”。故选A。
12．D
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这项任务的所有准备工作都已完成，我们准备开始了。根据语境可知，此处表示任务的准备工作“已经被完成”，应用被动语态；由we’re ready to start可知，应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，对现在造成的影响。故选D项。
13．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于缺乏资金，组织者正在努力寻找更多的人来赞助这次展览。A. destroy破坏；B. contribute贡献；C. declare宣称；D. sponsor赞助。分析句子且根据句意可知，因为缺钱，所以要找人来赞助，故空处应填谓语动词原形sponsor，表示“赞助”，符合上下文。故选D项。
14．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们自己做实验之前，化学老师在实验室里演示了实验。A. stimulated 刺激；B. sponsored 赞助； C. demonstrated 演示；D. attached 附属。根据句意“在我们自己做实验之前”，可知化学老师“演示”了实验，故选C。
15．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：证据表明，自然选择在某些物种的进化中发挥了重要作用。A. capable能干的；B. brilliant聪明的；C. significant重要的；D. virtual事实上的。根据常识判断可知，自然选择在物种进化中发挥了重要的作用。故选C。
16．A 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章主要讲述作者由学生的一个问题感悟到：死亡不是句号，而是逗号。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正式教师请了病假，留下了一份复习语法规则的教案。A. grammar语法；B. pronunciation发音；C. classroom教室；D. spelling拼写。根据上文“what is the difference between a period (句号) and a comma (逗号) (句号和逗号的区别是什么？)”可知，此处指语法规则，故选A。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌这些规则，我自己也很难理解它们，尽管我是个作家。A. wrote写；B. imagined想象；C. understood理解；D. realized意识到。根据空前“I hated these rules”及空后“even though I was a writer”表达的让步语气可知，作者讨厌这些语法规则，尽管自己是作家，也很难理解它们，故选C。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英语是世界上最难的科目之一。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. important重要的；D. popular受欢迎的，流行的。上文提到作者讨厌语法规则，结合下文“he wouldn’t remember them(他也不会记得它们)”可知，英语是世界上最难的科目之一，故选A。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看着教科书时，我知道即使我告诉这个学生所有关于逗号的不同规则，他也不会记住它们。A. class班级；B. textbook课本，教科书；C. blackboard黑板；D. dictionary字典。根据语境及下文提示“I looked at the textbook again(我再次看了教
科书)”可知，学生问问题，作者看了一眼教科书，故选B。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forms形式；B. roles角色；C. rules规则；D. examples例子。结合语境及上文反复提及的“rules”可知，此处指即使告诉这个学生所有关于逗号的不同规则，他也记不住，故选C。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也没有心情上长课。A. lesson课，课程；B. holiday假期；C. speech演讲；D. writing写作。根据上文“I was a young substitute teacher (代课老师)”可知，作者是代课老师，此处指没心情上很长时间的课，故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很想念她。A. upset使心烦意乱；B. troubled麻烦；C. trusted信任；D. missed想念，思念。根据上文“My mom had died just a few short weeks ago.(我妈妈几周前刚刚去世)”可知，妈妈去世，作者应是很思念她，故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我踱来踱去，感到极度疲惫。A. alive活着的；B. touched触动的；C. awake醒着的；D. dead死去的，死的。根据语境及下文“All I wanted to do was stay in bed(我唯一想做的就是躺在床上)”可知，作者感到极度疲惫，half dead极度疲惫，筋疲力尽，故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我唯一想做的就是躺在床上，但我自己年轻的家庭正在挣扎着度日，我知道我必须尽可能多地工作。A. learning学习；B. starting开始；C. struggling挣扎，艰难地行进；D. hoping希望。根据“I knew I had to take every day of work I could”可知，作者自己的家庭艰难度日，作者不得不工作挣钱，故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又看了一遍课本，但还是无法阅读，因为我的眼睛太湿润了。A. carry携带；B. read读；C. understand理解；D. find发现。根据“because my eyes were so watery”可知，作者眼睛湿润，所以看教科书时无法阅读，故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，突然间，我想起了我以前写东西时使用的简单而实用的经验。A. forgot忘记；B. checked检查；C. considered考虑；D. remembered想起，记得。下文作者回答了学生的问题，所以此处指突然想起以前的经验，故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. writing写；B. doing做；C. planning计划；D. teaching教。第一段中“even though I was a writer”提到作者是个作家，故此处指以前写东西时的经验，故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“句号是一个句子或一个想法的结束，”我说，“而逗号只是在句子继续之前的短暂停顿。”A. headline标题；B. thought想法；C. word单词；D. more更多。结合语境可知，句号是指一个句子或一个想法的结束，故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sentence句子；B. paragraph段落；C. action行动；D. activity活动。此处指上文的“a sentence”，指逗号只是在句子前的短暂停顿，故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我说完这些，我的心突然感到更加轻松。A. emptier更空的；B. colder更寒冷的；C. heavier更重的；D. lighter更明亮的，更轻的。根据下一句“I smiled”可知，说完这些话，作者突然感觉更加轻松了，故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我笑了，想着妈妈是继续在一个比我现在更光明、更快乐的地方生活。A. falling down跌倒，倒塌；B. going out外出；C. continuing on继续；D. growing up成长。根据空后“in a place much brighter and happier”及下文提到“死亡不是句号，而是逗号”可知，作者想通了，妈妈只是在另一个地方继续生活，故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来我继续想念妈妈的岁月里，那一刻的轻松帮助了我。A. alarmed使惊恐；B. helped帮助；C. stopped停止；D. surprised使惊讶。根据“as I continued to miss my mom over the months and years to come”可知，在接下来作者继续想念妈妈的岁月里，那一刻的轻松想法都帮助缓解了作者的思念之情，故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，当我在一本书中看到这句话时，我又想起了这句话：“死亡不是句号，只是一个逗号。”A. end结束；B. period句号；C. loss丧失；D. result结果。此处是用逗号和句号来比喻死亡，故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一个句子和永恒的故事。A. song 歌；B. circle圆圈；C. game游戏；D. story故事。根据文章最后一句“Write your story with love.(用爱书写你的故事)”可知，生命是一个永恒的故事，故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在这里的时间只是其中的一部分。A. choice选择；B. task任务；C. time时间；D. visit拜访。结合上下文可知，生命是一个永恒的故事，我们在这里的时间只是它的一部分，故选C。
36．A 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Twist N Turns舞蹈班的相关课程和报名方式。
36．细节理解题。根据文章★What does Dance Class for Kids offer at Twist N Turns 部分“Jazz dance and street dance.(爵士舞和街舞。)”可知，主要提供两种舞蹈课程，故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the application process 部分“To apply one must visit our center and fill in the application form with one passport-size photo, the birth certificate along with the $50 application fee.(要申请，必须访问我们的中心，填写申请表，并附上一张护照尺寸的
照片、出生证明以及50美元的申请费。)”可知，一个男孩如果想要申请课程，需要带上出生证明，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the course structure 部分第二段“For below 5 years, we teach creative movement, which is basically the pre-dance class, a way for children to explore movement through music, develop physical skills, and stimulate imagination.(5岁以下，我们教授创造性动作，这基本上是舞蹈前课程，是孩子们通过音乐探索动作、发展身体技能和激发想象力的一种方式。)”可知，幼儿可以学到创造性动作，故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据文章★ What is the course structure 部分第四段“At the end of the course, all students have to appear for a performance test in the studio, where they have to demonstrate moves. Then, the kids are selected and promoted to improvers or advanced classes, depending on their skill and level of performance. Not all kids make it to the next level.(课程结束时，所有学生都必须在工作室参加表演测试，在那里他们必须演示动作。然后，根据孩子的技能和表演水平，他们被选中并提升到改良班或者高阶班。并不是所有孩子都能达到下一个水平。)”可知，ABD表述正确，C项“全勤的孩子可以跳过测试”表述错误，故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据文章★ Are certificates provided 部分“To attain the certificate one must go to a minimum of 39 classes.(要获得证书，必须至少上39节课。)”可知，要获取证书，要求学生至少上39节课，故选B。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候危机导致的气温上升会缩短世界各地人们的睡眠时间。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used data from sleep-tracking wristbands (手环) used by 47,000 people over 7 months and across 68 countries. The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year. (研究人员使用了睡眠追踪腕带的数据，腕带是由68个国家的4700个人，戴了长达7个月。分析显示，因为夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年的睡眠时间减少44小时。)”可知，在第二段中，未提到研究的目的，故选D。
42．词句猜测题。根据文章划线词affluent后的内容“where people have less access to cooling features. (在这些地方，人们很少能使用制冷设备。)”可推知，此处指那些地方很少有人使用制冷设备来保证睡眠，因此那些地方是不太富裕的地区，无法支付制冷设备，故此处划线词
affluent与C项“wealthy富有的，富裕的”意思相近，故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The analysis revealed that due to increasing night-time temperatures, the average global citizen is losing 44 hours of sleep a year. (分析显示，因为夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年的睡眠时间减少44小时。)”可知，气温升高，缩短了人们睡眠的时间，故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““In this study, we provide the first planetary-scale (世界范围的) evidence that warmer than average temperatures cut human sleep,” said Kelton Minor, who led the research. “It’s very likely the effect is more serious.” Minor added that the research had important implications for policymakers, who need to ensure cities, towns and buildings are well adapted to heat in order to reduce the health impacts. ( Kelton Minor说道：“在这项研究中，我们提供了第一个世界范围的证据，表明高于平均水平高的气温会缩短人类的睡眠。这种影响很可能更严重。” Minor补充道，这项研究对于政策制定者有着重要的影响，他们需要确保城市、城镇和建筑物能够很好地适应高温，以减少对健康的影响。)”可知，从Kelton Minor的话中，我们可以知道高温的影响可能比估计中更加严重，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Lower-income people are underrepresented in the data and we’re well aware of that,” said Minor. He said more research was needed, particularly in places that are already among the hottest in the world. ( Minor说道：“低收入人群在数据中的代表性不足，我们很清楚这一点。”他说，还需要做更多的研究，尤其在世界上已经是最热的地区。)”可知，最后一段主要说明这项研究的局限性，数据的代表性不足，且需要在已经是最热的地区做进一步的研究，故选B。
46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．D
【导语】本文是说明文。最近，一款名为“Zao”的中国应用在互联网上走红，它可以让用户在电影或电视剧场景中把演员的脸换成自己的。文章介绍了该应用程序以及不同的人对该应用程序的不同看法。
46．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, a Chinese app known as Zao has been going viral (疯传) on the Internet, getting thousands of downloads (下载), mainly because it lets its users put their face over the top of actors in scenes from movies or TV shows. (最近，一款名为“Zao”的中国应用在互联网上走红，下载量达到数千次，主要是因为它可以让用户在电影或电视剧场景中把演员的脸换成自己的。)”可知，Zao的用户可以把他们的脸放进流行的视频里。故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It went to number one on the Chinese iOS App Store list and has been the most-downloaded free app in just a few days after it came out.(它在中国 iOS 应用商店排行榜上名列第一，并且在发布后的几天内成为下载量最大的免费应用。)”可推知，Zao发布几天内广受下载，在中国 iOS 应用商店排行榜上名列第一，可得出Zao在开发出来后就取得了成功，故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the Zao app is only available for people with a Chinese phone number, which means it cannot be downloaded from app stores in the USA or Europe.(然而，Zao应用程序只适用于拥有中国电话号码的用户，这意味着它不能从美国或欧洲的应用程序商店下载。)”可知，Zao只适用于拥有中国电话号码的用户，由此可知，Zao的缺点是限制不同的用户。故选D。
49．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them...This process will make your face speak in the voice of that president or movie star. Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.(新的计算机技术使人们担心更多的假新闻和其他可能误导他们的事情。……这个过程会让你的脸用总统或电影明星的声音说话。许多美国人担心这项技术将被用于一些重要的国家活动。)”和第五段“Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data.(其他人担心他们可能会丢失他们的面部识别数据)”可知，第四段和第五段解释了人们担心新的计算机技术的原因。故选A。
50．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The new computer technology is causing people to be worried about more fake news and other things that can mislead them. (新的计算机技术使人们担心更多的假新闻和其他可能误导他们的事情。)”，“Many American people are worried that the technology will be used in some important national activities.(许多美国人担心这项技术将被用于一些重要的国家活动。)”和最后一段中“Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data.(其他人担心他们可能会丢失他们的面部识别数据)”可推知，对于使用新技术的应用程序Zao，不同的人有不同的看法，故选D。
51．D 52．B 53．C 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明。文章介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，并分析了其
原因和这一趋势的利弊。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood.(这一代青少年推迟了成年后的责任和快乐)”以及第二段中的“As a result, kids needed to take care of themselves sooner.(因此，孩子们需要更早地照顾自己)”可知，与现在的青少年相比，过去的青少年要更早学会照顾自己，由此可知，过去的青少年独立性更强，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To figure out what’s really going on, we should look at these trends (趋势) with ‘life history theory’ taken into consideration.(为了弄清楚到底发生了什么，我们应该考虑到‘生命史理论’来看待这些趋势)”以及“The two methods are adaptations to a particular cultural background, so each isn’t naturally ‘good’ or ‘bad’.(这两种方法都是对特定文化背景的适应，因此并不是天生的‘好’或‘坏’)”可知，青少年成长的文化背景改变了，所以造成他们成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The key is to make sure that teens eventually get the opportunity to develop the skills they will need as adults: independence, along with social and decision making skills. For parents, this might mean pushing their teenagers out of the house more.(关键是要确保青少年最终有机会发展他们成年后需要的技能：独立，以及社交和决策技能。对父母来说，这可能意味着更多地把孩子赶出家门)”可知，作者建议家长敦促青少年多出去参加社会活动，故选C。
54．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Teens are now less likely to do part-time jobs, drink alcohol or go out without their parents than teens 10 or 20 years ago. This generation of teens is delaying (推迟) the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood.(与10年或20年前的青少年相比，现在的青少年不太可能做兼职、喝酒或在没有父母陪伴的情况下外出。这一代青少年正在推迟成年后的责任和快乐)”可知，作者首先介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，紧接着分析了造成这种现象的原因，最后又陈述了这种趋势的利弊，总的来说，文章紧紧围绕着“当今青少年为何不急于长大”这一问题展开讨论，故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了当今青少年成长变得缓慢这一社会现象，并分析了其原因和这一趋势的利弊，故我们可以在杂志的社会部分读到。故选A。
56．We should use them to take optional subjects. 57．We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it. 58．Taking an art class is a graduation requirement 59．It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln. 60．It will enrich our mind and show colleges
we are diverse students.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了作为一个学生，我们应该不断尝试新的内容来丰富我们的大脑，增长经验。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句话“As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects. (作为明年的大四学生，我认为应该利用额外的时间来选修课程)”可知，作者认为应该用课外时间去学一些课外的科目。故答案是We should use them to take optional subjects.
57．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it. (现在是时候在不同的领域进行实验了。如果不去尝试，我们永远不会知道自己是否对某个领域感兴趣或者有天赋)”可知，如果不尝试，我们永远不会知道我们是否对一门学科感兴趣或有天赋。故答案是We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject without trying it.
58．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. (在我八年级的时候，我被告知我必须参加一门艺术课作为毕业要求；所以在九年级的时候，我选修了工作室和艺术。)”可知，作者选修美术课是毕业要求。故答案是Taking an art class is a graduation requirement.
59．考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句话“One of the projects were to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly so it broke in the kiln. (其中一个项目是建造一个陶罐，但是我做的不对，所以它在窑里就坏了)”可知，作者因为做错了陶罐导致它在窑里坏了，从而得知，自己没有艺术家的天分。故答案是It was built incorrectly and broke in the kiln.
60．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的倒数两句话“The class we choose can impact us in the future. Taking optional subjects t will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges we are diverse students. (我们选择的课程会影响我们的未来。上选修课会丰富我们的思想。这也会让大学看到，我们是多元化的学生)”可知，去学选修课可以丰富我们的大脑，让我们成为一个多才多艺的大学生。故答案是It will enrich our mind and show colleges we are diverse students.
61．Dear Jim,
Seeing that you are interested in my recent social practice, I am writing to share with you some relevant information.
The social practice, scheduled from8:00 to 10:00 on the morning of last Friday, took place at
the Gardening Base near our school. Aiming to expose us to an enjoyable and meaningful atmosphere, a variety of activities were held. Upon our arrival, we were initially instructed to appreciate flowers in bloom. Then came a lecture delivered by an expert about flower arrangement. Lastly, under the guide’s patient instruction, I managed to accomplish my flower arrangement.
In my eyes, not only does it broaden our minds, but it also helps us have a further understanding of labour.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Jim写封回信，介绍你最近参加的园艺基地(Gardening Base)学习插花的社会实践活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
相关的：relevant →related
发生：take place →happen/occur
愉快的：enjoyable →pleasant/ delightful
在某人看来：in one's eyes = in one’s opinion/ in the opinion of sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then came a lecture delivered by an expert about flower arrangement.
拓展句：Then came a lecture delivered by an expert who is skilled at flower arrangement.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to expose us to an enjoyable and meaningful atmosphere, a variety of activities were held. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] In my eyes, not only does it broaden our minds, but it also helps us have a further understanding of labour. (运用了部分倒装结构)
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