河溪中学 2023-2024 学年第二学期高三第二次质检
英 语 试 卷
试卷共 8 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Overall: LectroFan EVO Sound Machine
Why You Should Get It
This compact, stylish, and affordable white noise machine is very easy to use. With a timer, a headphone connector, and a large range of sounds, you’ll be able to find the right set up for you. That’s where it comes in to mask all that unwanted environmental noise—or lack of—so you can get more rest.
Keep in Mind
The device isn’t battery-operated, so it’ll need to stay plugged into a power source.
It does everything you need it to, and then some, for a very reasonable price. It plays non-repeating digital noise in a range of colors: It has 10 fan sounds, 10 environmental noise sounds—including pink and brown noise, and two ocean soundscapes.
The device is super simple to use, and once you’ve picked your favorite type of noise, it will be saved in the settings, and the machine will auto play that sound each time you turn it on. The speaker produces a clear and crisp sound, and there’s a wide volume range. It also comes with an optional timer you can set between one to eight hours, or play continuously, plus a 3.5mm connector for headphones if your partner isn’t quite as keen on white noise as you are.
It’s compact enough to travel everywhere with you, and as white noise machines go, it looks pretty good, too. It certainly won’t look out of place on your bedside table. You can power the LectroFan EVO via USB or the included A/C adaptor, but it doesn’t have an internal battery, so it does need to be plugged in.
Price at time of publish: $35
Product Details: Dimensions: It’s 4.7 inches long and 3. 3 inches in height. Its width is the same as its length. | Sound options: 22 | Timer: Yes | Power: Plug-in
1. What is the device mentioned used to do
A. Avoid noises. B. Enjoy nature. C. Help sleep well. D. Listen to music.
2. What do we know about the device from the text
A. It works with batteries. B. It doesn’t disturb others.
C. It has one nature noise. D. Its timer’s set up is fixed.
3. How wide is the device
A. 3.3 inches. B. 4.7 inches. C. 6. 8 inches. D. 10 inches.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了LectroFan EVO Sound Machine设备的优点、价格等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Why You Should Get It部分中“That’s where it comes in to mask all that unwanted environmental noise—or lack of—so you can get more rest.(这就是它的作用，它可以掩盖所有不需要的环境噪音——或者缺乏噪音——这样你就可以得到更多的休息)”可知，这款设备可以让你睡得更好。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Keep in Mind部分中“It also comes with an optional timer you can set between one to eight hours, or play continuously, plus a 3.5mm connector for headphones if your partner isn’t quite as keen on white noise as you are.(它还有一个可选的定时器，你可以设置在1到8小时之间，或者连续播放，如果你的伴侣不像你那么喜欢白噪音，它还有一个3.5毫米的耳机接口)”可知，该设备有一个3.5毫米的耳机接口，可以避免干扰别人。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Product Details部分中“It’s 4.7 inches long and 3. 3 inches in height. Its width is the same as its length.(它长4.7英寸，高3.3英寸。它的宽度和长度是一样的)”可知，此设备的宽度和长度一样，是4.7英寸。故选B。
B
For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn’t attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn’t last long.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.
I entered adulthood thinking I wasn’t “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—self-improvement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.
I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of self- reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of self hatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.
I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck’s back.
4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. She could change her weight at will.
B. She had different beauty standards from others.
C. She tried to love others to build her confidence.
D. She was greatly influenced by others’ opinions.
5. Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”？
A. She was poorly disciplined. B. She failed to celebrate “skinny”．
C. She was labeled as lazy for her weight. D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
6 What caused the author to make a change
A. Her lighter body. B. A troublesome illness.
C. Popular beauty standards. D. Others’ critical comments.
7. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. Beauty matters. B. Opinions vary.
C. Worth your weight. D. Beyond your limits.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者过去由于自己的体重问题很在意别人的看法，由于生病作者意识到体重不是自己问题的根源，作者开始接受自己的体重并慢慢学会接受自己。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.(由于没有达到传统的审美标准，我确信，如果我想被爱，我需要付出更多，做任何事情来取悦周围的人。)”可知，别人的看法对作者的影响很大。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I entered adulthood thinking I wasn’t “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—self improvement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined.(当我步入成年的时候，我觉得自己还不够“足够”——这种想法不仅源于人们对“瘦”的赞美，还源于人们对减肥、自我完善、自律等美德的描述。肥胖很快就会被归类为懒惰和不守纪律的人。)”可知，由于肥胖作者还被贴上了懒惰和不自律的标签。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.( 例如，我没有意识到，我的月经比以前更沉重，更痛苦。事实上，我得了一种罕见的疾病，后来做了两次手术。)”、第四段“I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true.( 我总是觉得我的体重是我生活中许多问题的根源;我知道这不是真的。)”以及第四段“I have taken first steps to acceptance.(我已经迈出了接受的第一步。)”可知，由于生病作者意识到体重不是自己问题的根源，由此推测，是生病让作者决心做出改变。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是文章最后一段中“There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long.( 有些日子，我在社交媒体上发现有人说我太胖了，不值得被爱，不值得值得，但我正在学习不要长时间关注这种想法。)”可知，作者主要想表达接受自己的体重，并学会爱自己。C项“你的体重有价值”符合题意。故选C。
C
You might have heard someone say that a song changed their life. And maybe you used to hate tomatoes, but now you like it. No one doubts that we change as we grow older. But do we change in major ways Can we really change who we are People used to believe we stay pretty much the same throughout our lives, but researchers are increasingly finding that we can and do change in big ways.
Psychologists have identified five dimensions that help us understand someone’s personality, which are called the “Big Five.” They are: 1. Openness: How open are you to trying new things 2. Conscientiousness (尽责性): How responsible are you 3. Extroversion (外向):How friendly, outgoing, and enthusiastic are you 4. Agreeableness: How caring, trusting, and generous are you 5. Emotional stability: How calm are you, especially when problems arise Everyone has different levels of the big five dimensions. For example, Harry Potter has high levels of openness to experience, while Hermione Granger would score high in conscientiousness.
Scientists used to think that each person’s “Big Five” stayed the same their whole life, but newer research suggests that the dimensions do change. People who took a personality test as teen-agers scored very differently when they took the same test 50 years later. Three dimensions usually changed more than the others, which are emotional stability, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. In fact, most adults were more emotionally stable, more conscientious, and more agreeable than when they were younger. Researchers considered this a sign that we mature over time, perhaps learning to get along better with others.
Even though people change over time, the relationship between dimensions often remains similar. For example, someone who was very open to new experiences but who was not agreeable as a teenager was likely still more open to new things than agreeable as an adult. Scores changed, and sometimes changed a lot, but they didn’t change randomly.
8. Why does the author mention Harry Potter and Hermione Granger in Paragraph 2
A. To identify the impact of the big five dimensions.
B. To stress the value of openness and responsibility.
C. To analyze some main characters in popular fiction.
D. To illustrate various degrees of personality dimensions.
9. Which of the following is the most likely result of people’s aging
A. Becoming more hot-tempered. B. Becoming more considerate.
C. Becoming less responsible. D. Becoming less generous.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest about one’s personality dimensions
A. Personality dimensions change accidentally.
B. One is likely to be more open than agreeable.
C. Relationship between dimensions stays unchanged.
D. Changes in personality dimensions follow some pattern.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Effects of Changing. B. What Are the “Big Five”
C. Do People Really Change D. Personality Dimensions Matter.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现人可以而且确实可以在很大程度上发生改变，并且分析了发生改变的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Everyone has different levels of the big five dimensions. For example, Harry Potter has high levels of openness to experience, while Hermione Granger would score high in conscientiousness.(每个人对五大维度都有不同层次。例如，哈利波特对经验的开放程度很高，而赫敏格兰杰在责任心方面得分很高。)”可知，作者列举哈利波特说明其开放程度，而列举赫敏格兰杰是为了阐明其责任心较高，由此可知，列举这两人是为了说明人们拥有不同程度的五大维度。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In fact, most adults were more emotionally stable, more conscientious, and more agreeable than when they were younger. Researchers considered this a sign that we mature over time, perhaps learning to get along better with others.(事实上，大多数成年人比年轻时情绪更稳定，更认真，更和蔼可亲。研究人员认为这是一个迹象，表明我们随着时间的推移而成熟，也许学会与他人相处得更好。)”可知，研究发现成年人比年轻时情感上更稳定，更随和，这是一个人成熟的标志，由此可推断，一个人变老的结果可能是变得更体贴周到。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Even though people change over time, the relationship between dimensions often remains similar.(尽管人们会随着时间的推移而变化，但维度之间的关系往往保持相似。)”以及尾句“Scores changed, and sometimes changed a lot, but they didn’t change randomly.(分数变化很大，有时变化很大，但它们不是随机变化的。)”可知，人变了，但维度之间的关系相似，得分变了，甚至变化很大，但不是随机变化，也就是说，这些变化是按照一定的模式而变的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Can we really change who we are People used to believe we stay pretty much the same throughout our lives, but researchers are increasingly finding that we can and do change in big ways.(我们真的能改变我们是谁吗？人们曾经认为我们一生都保持不变，但研究人员越来越多地发现，我们可以并且确实会做出重大改变。)”可知，作者通过提问“人真的会变吗”引出本文的话题，并引用研究者的发现证实，人可以而且确实可以变化，并从下文开始围绕该主题进一步来分析人变化的原因，所以题目是“人真的会变吗”符合文章主题。故选C项。
D
For the first time, United Nations members have agreed on a unified treaty (协议) to protect biodiversity on the high seas, representing a turning point for vast stretches of the planet where conservation has previously been held back by a confusing patchwork (拼凑)of laws.
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea came into force in 1994, before marine biodiversity was a well-established concept. An updated framework to protect marine life in the regions outside national boundary waters, known as the high seas, had been in discussions for more than 20 years, but previous efforts to reach an agreement had repeatedly failed. The unified treaty, which applies to nearly half the planet’s surface, was reached late on Saturday.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres welcomes the finalization of the text of the United Nations Ocean Treaty, his spokesman said on Saturday. “This breakthrough, which covers nearly two-thirds of the ocean, marks the culmination of nearly two decades of work and builds on the legacy (遗产)of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,” a statement said.
Nichola Clark, an ocean expert at the Pew Charitable Trusts called the long-awaited treaty text “a once-in-a-generation opportunity to protect the oceans-a major win for biodiversity”. The treaty will create a new body to manage the conservation of ocean life and establish marine-protected are-as on the high seas. Clark said that’s critical to achieving the UN Biodiversity Conference’s recent promise to protect 30 percent of the planet’s waters, for conservation. The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.
Treaty negotiations were initially anticipated to conclude on Friday, but stretched through the night into Saturday. The making of the treaty represents “a historic and overwhelming success for international marine protection,” said Steffi Lemke, Germany’s environment minister.
12. What can we learn about the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
A. It is the basis of the UN Ocean Treaty. B. It leads to a lot of controversy.
C. It has been discussed for over 20 years. D. It is a complete failure.
13. Which of the following could replace the underlined word “culmination” in Paragraph 3
A. Beginning. B. Impact. C. End. D. Break.
14. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. Commercial ocean activities will be monitored.
B. Preservation of 30% of the planet will be ensured.
C. Protected areas on the high seas will be expanded.
D. An existing department will manage the conservation.
15. Why is the making of the UN ocean treaty recognized as a historic success
A. It takes tough and long negotiations.
B. The high seas are stressed for the first time.
C. Unity in protecting the high seas is achieved.
D. The concept of marine biodiversity is established.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是保护公海海洋生物多样性的统一条约达成一致，并分析了这一条约达成一致的成因与意义。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea came into force in 1994, before marine biodiversity was a well-established concept.An updated framework to protect marine life in the regions outside national boundary waters, known as the high seas, had been in discussions for more than 20 years, but previous efforts to reach an agreement had repeatedly failed.(《联合国海洋法条约》于1994年生效，当时海洋生物多样性还没有成为一个公认的概念。保护国家边界水域以外区域（称为公海）海洋生物的最新框架已经讨论了20多年，但以前为达成协议所作的努力一再失败。)”可知，过去20多年一直对公海海洋生物多样性的保护法进行讨论，但都最终以失败而告终，所以这一成立于1994年的联合国海洋保护法应该是联合国海洋条约的基础。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“For the first time, United Nations members have agreed on a unified treaty (协议) to protect biodiversity on the high seas(联合国成员国首次就保护公海生物多样性的统一条约达成一致)”可知，联合国成员国第一次就公海保护生物多样性签订了条约约，划线单词前的“breakthrough marks(突破标志着)”以及划线单词后的“nearly two decades of work and builds on the legacy (遗产)of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.(近二十年的工作，并以《联合国海洋法条约》的遗产为基础。)”可知，这里的突破指的是“联合国海洋条约”的签署，也就标志着过去20年对保护海洋法讨论的结束。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.(该条约还确立了对海洋商业活动进行环境影响评估的基本规则。)”可知，该条约还制定了商业海洋活动对海洋造成影响的评估规则，由此可以推断，该条约也会对商业海洋活动进行监管。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“For the first time, United Nations members have agreed on a unified treaty (协议) to protect biodiversity on the high seas, representing a turning point for vast stretches of the planet where conservation has previously been held back by a confusing patchwork (拼凑)of laws.(联合国成员国首次就保护公海生物多样性的统一条约达成一致，这代表了地球上大片地区的一个转折点，这些地区的保护工作以前一直受到混乱的法律拼凑的阻碍。)”可知，联合国成员国就保护公海生物多样性的统一条约达成一致意见，对广大被一些拼凑法律阻止保护海洋的地区来说是一个很大的转折点，这也就意味着众多公海保护海洋生物多样性的统一得以实现，所以，这一条约的签订是历史性的成功。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brainstorming really can play a role in your studies. It can help open up your imagination. ___16___You can brainstorm alone or in a group ； either way can help increase the number of ideas you come up with.
For instance, you can try free-writing. Write your problem at the top of a page. Once you do that, just begin writing. ___17___Using this technique can help get your ideas flowing, as well as help you make connections you haven't thought of. When you've spent at least 10 or 15 minutes free-writing or when you feel like you've reached a stopping point, look back over your writing and highlight or circle anything that might be useful.
___18___ You can start with your problem in the center within a circle. Use a line to branch off the main idea with another idea. Group like ideas together with lines. Start new branches for new ideas. This technique is also good for making connections, especially since you can represent it visually.
Individual brainstorming is the most effective when you need to solve a simple problem, generate a list of ideas, or focus on a broad issue.___19___ In a group, be sure to brainstorm before you get together so you have some time to think. Make sure to avoid criticizing or rewarding ideas as that can stop people from bringing up ideas and limiting creativity. The leader can throw out a topic or problem , and then the group can bounce ideas off of each other. Will the ideas be good or not too good ___20___The deeper analysis you have made, the higher it should be to fix the problem to your benefit.
A. Analyzing is an important step.
B. You can see different solutions.
C. Taking notes is very necessary.
D. Another way to brainstorm is to make a concept tree.
E. Don't criticize, just write whatever comes to your mind.
F. Group brainstorming is often more effective for solving complex problems.
G. Ask yourself what really matters, then move your daily activities in that direction.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明头脑风暴在学习中的重要作用，并就如何有效实施头脑风暴，提出几条建议。
【16题详解】
由第一段“头脑风暴真的可以在你的学习中发挥作用，可以帮助你开启想象力”，作者旨在开篇指出文章主题，介绍头脑风暴的作用，B选项“你能看到不同的解决方案”切题，选项中的“You can ”与上一句“it can”相呼应。故填B项。
【17题详解】
上一句提到“一旦你做了，就开始写”以及下文“当你花了至少10到15分钟的自由写作时间”可知，运用头脑风暴解决问题时，要思维要开阔，不受约束和局限，E项“不要批判，想到什么就写什么”切题，该选项中的“just write whatever”与下文中的“free-writing”相呼应。故填E项。
【18题详解】
后文“你可以在一个圈内的中心开始你的问题。在主旨大意处用一条线分叉到另一个观点...”可知，本段描述的是制作头脑风暴时，制作概念树的过程，D选项“另一种头脑风暴的方法是制作概念树”切题，选项中“make a concept tree”与下文中的“branch off the main idea with another idea”相呼应，故填D项。
【19题详解】
文中第一段提到“你可以单独或集体进行头脑风暴”，以及第四段第一句“当你需要解决一个简单的问题时，个人的头脑风暴是最有效的”，承接上文，后面该谈到的可能是集体头脑风暴，选项F“集体头脑风暴通常对解决复杂问题更有效”切题，该选项中的“Group brainstorming”与下一句的“In a group”也恰好相呼应，故填F项。
【20题详解】
由下一句“你的分析越深入，解决于你有利的问题的可能性就越高”可知，A选项“分析是一个重要的步骤”切题，该选项中的“Analyzing”与一句“analysis ”呼应，说明分析是头脑风暴的一个重要步骤。故填A项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager a basketball manager, and a theater volunteer, but perhaps her greatest____21____is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnosed（诊断）with a rare type of____22____in December of 2019. A softball player at the time, she told her parents she was experiencing muscle ____23____ in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level. She had to____24____ surgery on her left arm.
For the following weekends after the surgery, doctors scanned her____25____to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023, doctors____26____a spot on her lungs. She had another____27____on September to remove it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The second time around, it was a little ____28____to accept the news.
And throughout all of this, Anna has had to____29____school work and hospital life. Her sufferings with cancer forced her to really_____30_____herself because she was out of school for quite a while. Now she has_____31_____and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her journey has inspired him to _____32_____ every moment, enjoying time with his loving daughter.
Anna is doing well these days though. She’s_____33_____in theater and is a coach’s assistant. “When you’re on_____34_____you have to keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life to the fullest each day. You’re loved. Your life _____35_____ .”
21.
A. excitement B. achievement C. devotion D. ambition
22.
A. pain B. cold C. cancer D. fever
23.
A. weakness B. growth C. recovery D. relief
24.
A. perform B. have C. attend D. refuse
25.
A. briefly B. occasionally C. partly D. regularly
26.
A. noticed B. erased C. ignored D. marked
27.
A assessment B. appointment C. examination D. operation
28.
A. harder B. easier C. stranger D. better
29.
A. solve B. connect C. abandon D. balance
30.
A. apply B. control C. convince D. forgive
31.
A. caught up B. held back C. dropped out D. blown up
32.
A. spare B. appreciate C. imagine D. create
33.
A. active B. graceful C. dominant D. cautious
34.
A. vacation B. trust C. treatment D. duty
35.
A. declines B. suffers C. matters D. waits
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是13岁女孩Anna Grace两次战胜癌症的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：13岁的女孩安娜·格蕾丝(Anna Grace)是排球经理、篮球经理和剧院志愿者，但她最大的成就也许是两次战胜癌症。A. excitement兴奋；激动；B. achievement成就；C. devotion忠诚；奉献；D. ambition报负；雄心。根据空后“is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.”可知Anna Grace两次战胜癌症，这的确是一种伟大的成就。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜于2019年12月首次被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症。A. pain疼痛；伤痛；B. cold寒冷；C. cancer癌症；D. fever发烧。根据后文“For the following weekends after the surgery, doctors scanned her ____5____ to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023, doctors ____6____ a spot on her lungs. She had another ____7____ on September to remove it.”可知安娜患上了癌症。故选 C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当时是一名垒球运动员，她告诉父母，她的左臂肌肉无力，只能抬起大约与眼睛齐平的位置。A. weakness虚弱；不足；B. growth成长；C. recovery恢复；D. relief宽慰；欣慰。根据后文“in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level. She had to ____4____ surgery on her left arm.”可知安娜的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置，所以可以推断是虚弱无力的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不对左臂做外科手术。A. perform实施；表演；表现；B. have有，接受；C. attend参加；出席；照料；D. refuse拒绝。根据前文“she was experiencing muscle ____3____ in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level.”以及后文“For the following weekends after the surgery” 可知此处指的是因为安娜的左臂虚弱无力所以必须做手术。have surgery“接受手术”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. briefly简短地；B. occasionally偶尔；偶然；C. partly部分地；D. regularly有规律地；定期地。根据空前“doctors scanned her____5____ to make sure she was cancer-free”可知此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在手术后的几个周末，医生定期对她进行扫描，以确保她没有癌症，然后在2023年8月，医生注意到她的肺部有一个斑点。A. noticed注意到；B. erased删除；C. ignored忽视；D. marked标志。根据空后“a spot on her lungs.”可知此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现一了个斑点。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年9月，她又做了一次手术，把它切除了。A. assessment评估；估计；B. appointment 约定；任命；C. examination考试；D. operation手术；实施。根据上文“For the following weekends after the surgery, doctors scanned her ____5____ to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023, doctors ____6____ a spot on her lungs.”以及空前“She had another”可知此处指的是安娜进行了第二次手术切除了肺部发现的斑点。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二次，我比较容易接受这个消息了。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. better更好。根据前文“Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The second time around, it was a little”可知在安娜看来这第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起来要比第一次容易。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，安娜不得不平衡学校工作和医院的生活。A. solve解决；处理；B. connect联系；连接；C. abandon抛弃；遗弃；D. balance平衡。根据空后“school work and hospital life.”可知此处指的是虽然身患癌症安娜依旧坚持平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她患癌症的痛苦迫使她认真学习，因为她已经有一段时间没有上学了。A. apply施加；运用；B. control控制；C. convince使相信；说服；D. forgive原谅。根据空后“herself because she was out of school for quite a while. Now she has ____11____ and has straight As.”可知此处指的是因为身患癌症，安娜的学习落下了很多，所以她只有让自己努力学习。apply oneself to …“专心致志于某事”。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在她已经赶上来了，成绩都是A。A. caught up赶上；B. held back阻止；C. dropped out辍学；D. blown up爆炸。根据空后“and has straight As.”可知此处指的是安娜的成绩都是A，所以可以推断经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安娜的父亲埃里克·巴特尔说，她的旅程激励他珍惜每一刻，享受和他可爱的女儿在一起的时光。A. spare腾出；匀出；B. appreciate感激；感谢；C. imagine想象；D. create创造。根据空前“Now she has ____11____ and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her journey has inspired him to ____12____ every moment, enjoying time with his loving daughter.”可知此处指的是安娜与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她活跃于戏剧界，是一名教练的助理。 A. active积极的；B. graceful大方的；优雅的；C. dominant占优势的；占支配地位的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据空前“Anna is doing well these days though.”以及空后“in theatre ”以及“Always live life to the fullest each day.”可知此处指的是战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你在接受治疗时，你必须继续战斗，”安娜说。A. vacation假期；B. trust信任；C. treatment治疗；对待；D. duty责任；义务。根据全文内容以及空后“you have to keep fighting, ”可知此处指的是安娜因为癌症必须接受治疗。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的生命很重要。A. declines下降；减少；B. suffers遭受；C. matters重要；有关系；D. waits等待。根据前文““When you’re on ____14____ you have to keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life to the fullest each day. You’re loved. Your life”可知在安娜看来我们应该每天都活到极致，是因为生命非常重要。故选C项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入１个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lǎozìhào refers to the old and famous shops, which have always been reliable and trustworthy and still enjoy ___36___ irreplaceable position in people’s minds since long time. Not only do they represent high quality and good reputation, they have also become an indispensable part in ___37___ (people) daily life.
These famous and time-honored shops eg, Quanjude and Tongrentang, ___38___ (locate) in Qianmen, the center of Beijing, all have represented the highly developed ___39___ (commerce) culture of old Beijing.
But these shops are more about businesses; they are also a historical and cultural phenomenon. He ___40___ has never tasted a roast duck will regret his whole life--such common sayings have made Quanjude a ___41___ (represent) of Beijing. Many other similar two-part allegorical sayings among the folks have also ___42___ (vivid) revealed the very characteristics of these old shops.
Nowadays, with the rapid development of economy and fierce competition in modern society, some Lǎozìhào shops have been keeping pace ___43___ the times and carrying forward their brands through continuous reforms and innovations. That’s why they___44___ (stand) the test of time and survived in competition, while some others have faded into the history due to their inability ___45___ (adapt) to the rapid changes in modern social life.
【答案】36. an 37. people’s
38. located
mercial
40. who 41. representative
42. vividly
43. with 44. have stood
45. to adapt
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是老字号商店的特点和意义。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Lǎozìhào指是老的和著名的商店，它们一直是可靠的和值得信赖的，并且长期以来在人们的心目中仍然享有不可替代的地位。position是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，irreplaceable是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：它们不仅代表着高质量和良好的声誉，而且也成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。people和daily life之间是所属关系，因此空格处用名词所有格people’s，故填people’s。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：位于北京市中心前门的全聚德、同仁堂等著名老字号，都代表了老北京高度发达的商业文化。句中谓语是have represented，空格处用非谓语动词，Quanjude and Tongrentang和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填located。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：位于北京市中心前门的全聚德、同仁堂等著名老字号，都代表了老北京高度发达的商业文化。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词culture，commerce的形容词是commercial，意为“商业的”，故填commercial。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：没吃过烤鸭，后悔一辈子——这样的俗语让全聚德成为了北京的代表。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词He是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：没吃过烤鸭，后悔一辈子——这样的俗语让全聚德成为了北京的代表。全聚德是北京的代表，空格处意为“代表”，是representative，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填representative。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：民间还有许多类似的两段式寓言，也生动地揭示了这些老店的特点。空格处用副词修饰动词revealed，vivid的副词是vividly，意为“生动地”。故填vividly。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：如今，随着经济的快速发展和现代社会竞争的激烈，一些Lǎozìhào商店一直与时俱进，通过不断的改革和创新来发扬自己的品牌。keep pace with是固定短语，意为“跟上，紧跟”，故填with。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么他们经受住了时间的考验，在竞争中生存下来，而另一些人却因为无法适应现代社会生活的快速变化而淡出了历史。根据语境可知，句子表示“这就是为什么他们已经经受住了时间的考验”，空格处所在部分时态是现在完成时，主语they是复数，因此空格处是have stood，故填have stood。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这就是为什么他们经受住了时间的考验，在竞争中生存下来，而另一些人却因为无法适应现代社会生活的快速变化而淡出了历史。inability后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to adapt。故填to adapt。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，外教Brian要求同学们在课上推荐一款兼顾趣味与英语学习的app，请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：
1. 介绍这款app；
2. 分享使用体验。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Hi, everyone.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for listening.
【答案】Possible Version:
Hi, everyone. Today I’d like to recommend an app called “Duolingo” to all of you. It is an excellent app that combines fun and effective English learning methods. Duolingo offers a wide range of interactive lessons, such as vocabulary exercises, grammar quizzes, and speaking and listening tasks. What’s more, it uses game-like elements to make learning more engaging and enjoyable.
I’ve been using Duolingo for a while now, and I’ve found it to be an incredibly useful tool for improving my English skills. The variety of exercises and the app’s user-friendly interface have made my learning experience pleasurable and productive. I highly recommend giving Duolingo a try.
That’s all. Thanks for listening.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生按照外教Brian的要求，写一篇发言稿，在课上推荐一款兼顾趣味与英语学习的app。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提供：offer→provide
此外：what’s more→in addition
提高：improve→promote
结合：combine→link
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Duolingo offers a wide range of interactive lessons, such as vocabulary exercises, grammar quizzes, and speaking and listening tasks.
拓展句：Duolingo offers a wide range of interactive lessons ,which includes vocabulary exercises, grammar quizzes, and speaking and listening tasks.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is an excellent app that combines fun and effective English learning methods. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】I highly recommend giving Duolingo a try. (运用了动名词作宾语)
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I remember the day as clear as glass. I was in 6th grade and my teacher had just announced it was a class break, a time we were allowed to eat snacks and move around the classroom. But on that day, I reached a breaking point.
My friend sat across from me. Two classmates who were attention seekers were making fun of him again. They did something mean to him every day: stealing his school supplies, calling his sister ugly, or laughing at his big head. On this day, they were singing a song about him, “Chicken, chicken Josh.” They sang endlessly and cruelly. Those words were like a bite of hot pepper to my friend, who turned red with anger and embarrassment, while tears of frustration dropped from his eyes. I could see how hopeless he felt.
Normally, I would just sit and watch it all. I was very shy. I rarely spoke during breaks or raised my hand in class. I was so shy, in fact, that my teacher made me a chart to tick every time I raised my hand. She said I’d receive a prize if I filled it up. But I never did. It didn’t help with my shyness; it just made me more self-conscious. But on this particular day, I took a stand. I’d had enough. I stood up and shouted, “Leave him alone!” Silence broke out, all eyes in the room fell on me. But the silence was short-lived as everyone went back to enjoying their break. For the rest of the day, every time the bullies would laugh at my friend during class, I would scream, “Stop troubling him,” or, “It wouldn’t hurt to be nice.”
But these words didn’t help. In fact, it made the situation worse: I too became a victim. From that afternoon on, the two bullies began to make up songs about me. They chanted, pronouncing my name in a different dialect to show I was different from them. This mocking and disrespect upset me a lot. I felt helpless.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按所给格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I spoke to my teacher after class.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day, my teacher finally said, “David, I think it’s time to get the principal involved.”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
A few weeks later, I spoke to my teacher after class. She was the one person I trusted and knew would understand. Tears welled up in my eyes as I explained the situation. She listened carefully, her expression growing increasingly serious. “You’ve been brave, David,” she said softly. “But this isn’t something you should have to handle alone.” She promised to talk to the principal and find a way to stop the bullying. I felt a sense of relief, knowing that someone was finally going to take action.
One day, my teacher finally said, “David, I think it’s time to get the principal involved.” She had spoken to him and explained the situation. He agreed that something needed to be done. The next day, the principal called a meeting with me, my friend, and the bullies. He spoke firmly about the importance of respect and kindness in our school. He made it clear that bullying was unacceptable and would not be tolerated. The bullies were given a severe warning and were told that if it happened again, there would be consequences. After the meeting, I felt a weight lifted from my shoulders. I knew that things would be different now. The bullies stopped their antics, and my friend and I were finally able to enjoy our school days without fear or intimidation.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上六年级时，看到了朋友被其他同学欺负，于是勇敢站出来，维护朋友。但是这让作者也成为了被霸凌的对象，最终在老师的帮助下，恶霸们停止了他们的行为，作者和朋友终于可以享受学生时光。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几周后，课后我和老师谈了谈”可知，第一段可描写作者向老师解释自己和朋友的处境。
②由第二段首句内容“有一天，我的老师终于说：‘大卫，我想是时候让校长参与进来了。’”可知，第二段可描写校长干预霸凌行为，作者和朋友得救。
2.续写线索：和老师交谈——解释经过——老师肯定作者——求助校长——校长干预——霸凌停止——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①同意：agree/accept
②忍受：tolerate/stand
③处理：handle/deal with
情绪类
①勇敢：brave/courageous
②不被接受的：unacceptable/undesired
【点睛】[高分句型1] I felt a sense of relief, knowing that someone was finally going to take action. (运用了现在分词knowing作状语以及that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] He made it clear that bullying was unacceptable and would not be tolerated. (运用了it作形式宾语)河溪中学 2023-2024 学年第二学期高三第二次质检
英 语 试 卷
试卷共 8 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Overall: LectroFan EVO Sound Machine
Why You Should Get It
This compact, stylish, and affordable white noise machine is very easy to use. With a timer, a headphone connector, and a large range of sounds, you’ll be able to find the right set up for you. That’s where it comes in to mask all that unwanted environmental noise—or lack of—so you can get more rest.
Keep in Mind
The device isn’t battery-operated, so it’ll need to stay plugged into a power source.
It does everything you need it to, and then some, for a very reasonable price. It plays non-repeating digital noise in a range of colors: It has 10 fan sounds, 10 environmental noise sounds—including pink and brown noise, and two ocean soundscapes.
The device is super simple to use, and once you’ve picked your favorite type of noise, it will be saved in the settings, and the machine will auto play that sound each time you turn it on. The speaker produces a clear and crisp sound, and there’s a wide volume range. It also comes with an optional timer you can set between one to eight hours, or play continuously, plus a 3.5mm connector for headphones if your partner isn’t quite as keen on white noise as you are.
It’s compact enough to travel everywhere with you, and as white noise machines go, it looks pretty good, too. It certainly won’t look out of place on your bedside table. You can power the LectroFan EVO via USB or the included A/C adaptor, but it doesn’t have an internal battery, so it does need to be plugged in.
Price at time of publish: $35
Product Details: Dimensions: It’s 4.7 inches long and 3. 3 inches in height. Its width is the same as its length. | Sound options: 22 | Timer: Yes | Power: Plug-in
1. What is the device mentioned used to do
A. Avoid noises. B. Enjoy nature. C. Help sleep well. D. Listen to music.
2. What do we know about the device from the text
A. It works with batteries. B. It doesn’t disturb others.
C. It has one nature noise. D. Its timer’s set up is fixed.
3. How wide is the device
A. 3.3 inches. B. 4.7 inches. C. 6. 8 inches. D. 10 inches.
B
For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn’t attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn’t last long.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.
I entered adulthood thinking I wasn’t “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—self-improvement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.
I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of self- reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of self hatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.
I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck’s back.
4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. She could change her weight at will.
B. She had different beauty standards from others.
C. She tried to love others to build her confidence.
D. She was greatly influenced by others’ opinions.
5. Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”？
A. She was poorly disciplined. B. She failed to celebrate “skinny”．
C. She was labeled as lazy for her weight. D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
6. What caused the author to make a change
A. Her lighter body. B. A troublesome illness.
C. Popular beauty standards. D. Others’ critical comments.
7 What does the passage mainly tell us
A. Beauty matters. B. Opinions vary.
C. Worth your weight. D. Beyond your limits.
C
You might have heard someone say that a song changed their life. And maybe you used to hate tomatoes but now you like it. No one doubts that we change as we grow older. But do we change in major ways Can we really change who we are People used to believe we stay pretty much the same throughout our lives, but researchers are increasingly finding that we can and do change in big ways.
Psychologists have identified five dimensions that help us understand someone’s personality, which are called the “Big Five.” They are: 1. Openness: How open are you to trying new things 2. Conscientiousness (尽责性): How responsible are you 3. Extroversion (外向):How friendly, outgoing, and enthusiastic are you 4. Agreeableness: How caring, trusting, and generous are you 5. Emotional stability: How calm are you, especially when problems arise Everyone has different levels of the big five dimensions. For example, Harry Potter has high levels of openness to experience, while Hermione Granger would score high in conscientiousness.
Scientists used to think that each person’s “Big Five” stayed the same their whole life, but newer research suggests that the dimensions do change. People who took a personality test as teen-agers scored very differently when they took the same test 50 years later. Three dimensions usually changed more than the others, which are emotional stability, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. In fact, most adults were more emotionally stable, more conscientious, and more agreeable than when they were younger. Researchers considered this a sign that we mature over time, perhaps learning to get along better with others.
Even though people change over time, the relationship between dimensions often remains similar. For example, someone who was very open to new experiences but who was not agreeable as a teenager was likely still more open to new things than agreeable as an adult. Scores changed, and sometimes changed a lot, but they didn’t change randomly.
8. Why does the author mention Harry Potter and Hermione Granger in Paragraph 2
A. To identify the impact of the big five dimensions.
B. To stress the value of openness and responsibility.
C. To analyze some main characters in popular fiction.
D. To illustrate various degrees of personality dimensions.
9. Which of the following is the most likely result of people’s aging
A Becoming more hot-tempered. B. Becoming more considerate.
C. Becoming less responsible. D. Becoming less generous.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest about one’s personality dimensions
A. Personality dimensions change accidentally.
B. One is likely to be more open than agreeable.
C. Relationship between dimensions stays unchanged.
D. Changes in personality dimensions follow some pattern.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Effects of Changing. B. What Are the “Big Five”
C. Do People Really Change D. Personality Dimensions Matter.
D
For the first time, United Nations members have agreed on a unified treaty (协议) to protect biodiversity on the high seas, representing a turning point for vast stretches of the planet where conservation has previously been held back by a confusing patchwork (拼凑)of laws.
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea came into force in 1994, before marine biodiversity was a well-established concept. An updated framework to protect marine life in the regions outside national boundary waters, known as the high seas, had been in discussions for more than 20 years, but previous efforts to reach an agreement had repeatedly failed. The unified treaty, which applies to nearly half the planet’s surface, was reached late on Saturday.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres welcomes the finalization of the text of the United Nations Ocean Treaty, his spokesman said on Saturday. “This breakthrough, which covers nearly two-thirds of the ocean, marks the culmination of nearly two decades of work and builds on the legacy (遗产)of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,” a statement said.
Nichola Clark, an ocean expert at the Pew Charitable Trusts called the long-awaited treaty text “a once-in-a-generation opportunity to protect the oceans-a major win for biodiversity”. The treaty will create a new body to manage the conservation of ocean life and establish marine-protected are-as on the high seas. Clark said that’s critical to achieving the UN Biodiversity Conference’s recent promise to protect 30 percent of the planet’s waters, for conservation. The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.
Treaty negotiations were initially anticipated to conclude on Friday, but stretched through the night into Saturday. The making of the treaty represents “a historic and overwhelming success for international marine protection,” said Steffi Lemke, Germany’s environment minister.
12. What can we learn about the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
A It is the basis of the UN Ocean Treaty. B. It leads to a lot of controversy.
C. It has been discussed for over 20 years. D. It is a complete failure.
13. Which of the following could replace the underlined word “culmination” in Paragraph 3
A. Beginning. B. Impact. C. End. D. Break.
14. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. Commercial ocean activities will be monitored.
B. Preservation of 30% of the planet will be ensured.
C. Protected areas on the high seas will be expanded.
D. An existing department will manage the conservation.
15. Why is the making of the UN ocean treaty recognized as a historic success
A. It takes tough and long negotiations.
B. The high seas are stressed for the first time.
C. Unity in protecting the high seas is achieved.
D. The concept of marine biodiversity is established.
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brainstorming really can play a role in your studies. It can help open up your imagination. ___16___You can brainstorm alone or in a group ； either way can help increase the number of ideas you come up with.
For instance, you can try free-writing. Write your problem at the top of a page. Once you do that, just begin writing. ___17___Using this technique can help get your ideas flowing, as well as help you make connections you haven't thought of. When you've spent at least 10 or 15 minutes free-writing or when you feel like you've reached a stopping point, look back over your writing and highlight or circle anything that might be useful.
___18___ You can start with your problem in the center within a circle. Use a line to branch off the main idea with another idea. Group like ideas together with lines. Start new branches for new ideas. This technique is also good for making connections, especially since you can represent it visually.
Individual brainstorming is the most effective when you need to solve a simple problem, generate a list of ideas, or focus on a broad issue.___19___ In a group, be sure to brainstorm before you get together so you have some time to think. Make sure to avoid criticizing or rewarding ideas as that can stop people from bringing up ideas and limiting creativity. The leader can throw out a topic or problem , and then the group can bounce ideas off of each other. Will the ideas be good or not too good ___20___The deeper analysis you have made, the higher it should be to fix the problem to your benefit.
A. Analyzing is an important step.
B. You can see different solutions.
C. Taking notes is very necessary.
D. Another way to brainstorm is to make a concept tree.
E. Don't criticize, just write whatever comes to your mind.
F. Group brainstorming is often more effective for solving complex problems.
G. Ask yourself what really matters, then move your daily activities in that direction.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager, a basketball manager, and a theater volunteer, but perhaps her greatest____21____is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnosed（诊断）with a rare type of____22____in December of 2019. A softball player at the time, she told her parents she was experiencing muscle ____23____ in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level. She had to____24____ surgery on her left arm.
For the following weekends after the surgery, doctors scanned her____25____to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023, doctors____26____a spot on her lungs. She had another____27____on September to remove it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The second time around, it was a little ____28____to accept the news.
And throughout all of this, Anna has had to____29____school work and hospital life. Her sufferings with cancer forced her to really_____30_____herself because she was out of school for quite a while. Now she has_____31_____and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her journey has inspired him to _____32_____ every moment, enjoying time with his loving daughter.
Anna is doing well these days though. She’s_____33_____in theater and is a coach’s assistant. “When you’re on_____34_____you have to keep fighting, ”Anna said. “Always live life to the fullest each day. You’re loved. Your life _____35_____ .”
21.
A. excitement B. achievement C. devotion D. ambition
22.
A. pain B. cold C. cancer D. fever
23.
A. weakness B. growth C. recovery D. relief
24.
A. perform B. have C. attend D. refuse
25.
A. briefly B. occasionally C. partly D. regularly
26.
A. noticed B. erased C. ignored D. marked
27.
A. assessment B. appointment C. examination D. operation
28.
A. harder B. easier C. stranger D. better
29.
A. solve B. connect C. abandon D. balance
30
A. apply B. control C. convince D. forgive
31.
A. caught up B. held back C. dropped out D. blown up
32.
A. spare B. appreciate C. imagine D. create
33.
A. active B. graceful C. dominant D. cautious
34.
A. vacation B. trust C. treatment D. duty
35.
A. declines B. suffers C. matters D. waits
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入１个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lǎozìhào refers to the old and famous shops, which have always been reliable and trustworthy and still enjoy ___36___ irreplaceable position in people’s minds since long time. Not only do they represent high quality and good reputation, they have also become an indispensable part in ___37___ (people) daily life.
These famous and time-honored shops, eg, Quanjude and Tongrentang, ___38___ (locate) in Qianmen, the center of Beijing, all have represented the highly developed ___39___ (commerce) culture of old Beijing.
But these shops are more about businesses; they are also a historical and cultural phenomenon. He ___40___ has never tasted a roast duck will regret his whole life--such common sayings have made Quanjude a ___41___ (represent) of Beijing. Many other similar two-part allegorical sayings among the folks have also ___42___ (vivid) revealed the very characteristics of these old shops.
Nowadays, with the rapid development of economy and fierce competition in modern society, some Lǎozìhào shops have been keeping pace ___43___ the times and carrying forward their brands through continuous reforms and innovations. That’s why they___44___ (stand) the test of time and survived in competition, while some others have faded into the history due to their inability ___45___ (adapt) to the rapid changes in modern social life.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，外教Brian要求同学们在课上推荐一款兼顾趣味与英语学习的app，请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：
1. 介绍这款app；
2. 分享使用体验。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Hi, everyone.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for listening.
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I remember the day as clear as glass. I was in 6th grade and my teacher had just announced it was a class break, a time we were allowed to eat snacks and move around the classroom. But on that day, I reached a breaking point.
My friend sat across from me. Two classmates who were attention seekers were making fun of him again. They did something mean to him every day: stealing his school supplies, calling his sister ugly, or laughing at his big head. On this day, they were singing a song about him, “Chicken, chicken Josh.” They sang endlessly and cruelly. Those words were like a bite of hot pepper to my friend, who turned red with anger and embarrassment, while tears of frustration dropped from his eyes. I could see how hopeless he felt.
Normally, I would just sit and watch it all. I was very shy. I rarely spoke during breaks or raised my hand in class. I was so shy, in fact, that my teacher made me a chart to tick every time I raised my hand. She said I’d receive a prize if I filled it up. But I never did. It didn’t help with my shyness; it just made me more self-conscious. But on this particular day, I took a stand. I’d had enough. I stood up and shouted, “Leave him alone!” Silence broke out, all eyes in the room fell on me. But the silence was short-lived as everyone went back to enjoying their break. For the rest of the day, every time the bullies would laugh at my friend during class, I would scream, “Stop troubling him,” or, “It wouldn’t hurt to be nice.”
But these words didn’t help. In fact, it made the situation worse: I too became a victim. From that afternoon on, the two bullies began to make up songs about me. They chanted, pronouncing my name in a different dialect to show I was different from them. This mocking and disrespect upset me a lot. I felt helpless.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按所给格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I spoke to my teacher after class.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day, my teacher finally said, “David, I think it’s time to get the principal involved.”
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