大庆中学2023—2024学年度下学期月考考试
高二年级英语试题
考试时间：120分钟；试卷总分：150分
注意
第二部分 词义辨析（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）
21. In modern society, modesty is a necessary ________.
A. fault B. signal C. virtue D. desire
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在现代社会，谦虚是一种必要的美德。A. fault错误；B. signal信号；C. virtue美德；D. desire欲望。根据上文“modesty is a necessary”指谦虚是美德。故选C。
22. The Ministry of Education ________ a new policy.
A. relieved B. approved C. assisted D. attacked
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育部批准了一项新政策。A. relieved解除；B. approved批准；C. assisted援助；D. attacked攻击。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“批准”，故用approved。故选B。
23. Make exercise a part of your daily ________.
A. routine B. sort C. snack D. decoration
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。A. routine常规；B. sort种类；C. snack快餐；D. decoration装饰。根据上文“Make exercise a part of your daily(让锻炼成为你……的一部分)”可推理出空白处应填表示“常规”含义的名词，故选A项。
24. As a doctor, you often need to ________ your personal feelings.
A. end up B. pick up C. get across D. lay aside
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名医生，你经常需要把个人感情放在一边。A. end up结束；B. pick up捡起；C. get across使理解；D. lay aside放置一边。根据上文“As a doctor, you often need to”指作为一名医生，你经常需要把个人感情放在一边。故选D。
25. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. apply B. add C. devote D. introduce
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定将自己余生的精力投入到科学研究中。A. apply申请；B. add加；C. devote把……奉献于；D. introduce介绍。根据下文“the rest of his life to scientific investigation(自己余生的精力……到科学研究中)”可推理出空白处应填表示“投入”含义的动词，故选C项。
26. She was over the age limit, ________, her application was rejected.
A. in addition B. as a consequence C. by accident D. by chance
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她超过了年龄限制，因此她的申请被拒绝了。A. in addition此外；B. as a consequence结果，因此；C. by accident偶然；D. by chance偶然。结合前后文，她超过了年龄限制，因此她的申请被拒绝了，故选B。
27. We’ve come to the ________ that he’s not the right person for the job.
A. conclusion B. election C. access D. assistance
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们得出的结论是他不适合这份工作。A. conclusion结论；B. election选举；C. access入口；D. assistance帮助。分析句子结构并结合“that he’s not the right person for the job.”可知，come to the conclusion that....“得出……样的结论”，符合句意，故选A项。
28. He ________ the conversation from one subject to another.
A. invested B. competed C. facilitated D. switched
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把话题从一个话题转到另一个话题。A. invested投资；B. competed竞争；C. facilitated促进；D. switched转换。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“转换”，故用switched。故选D。
29. I have been so ________ with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
A. steady B. appropriate C. urgent D. occupied
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直忙于工作，没有时间参加社交活动。A. steady稳定的；B. appropriate适当的；C. urgent紧急的；D. occupied忙于。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“忙于”，故用occupied。故选D。
30. All our projects aim to ________ the development of poor and remote communities.
A. disinfect B. promote C. cast D. tempt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。A. disinfect消毒；B. promote促进；C. cast投，抛；D. tempt诱惑。根据“the development of poor and remote communities”可知，此处指“促进贫困和偏远社区的发展”。故选B。
31. While the Spending jar is about the here and now, the Saving jar gives you a(n) ________ for the future.
A. component B. masterpiece C. vision D. addition
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“消费罐”指的是当下，“储蓄罐”则是对未来的愿景。A. component组成部分；B. masterpiece杰作；C. vision影像，画面，愿景；D. addition增加，添加。根据“for the future.”可知，空格处应表达“远景”，故用vision。故选C。
32. They felt great ________ for the victims.
A. access B. sympathy C. content D. inspiration
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对受害者深表同情。A. access通路；B. sympathy同情；C. content内容；D. inspiration灵感。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“同情”，故用sympathy。故选B。
33. ________ people want to be the best at everything.
A. Competitive B. Informal C. Confused D. Average
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好竞争的人想在每件事上都做到最好。A. Competitive好竞争的、有竞争力的；B. Informal非正式的；C. Confused困惑的；D. Average平均的、普通的。根据句意和常识可知，应该是好竞争的人想在每件事上做到最好。故选A。
34. A child’s vocabulary ________ through reading.
A. complains B. survives C. expands D. suffers
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子的词汇量通过阅读而扩大。A.complains抱怨； B.survives幸存；活下来； C. expands扩大；扩张；D.suffers遭受。由句意及空前的A child’s vocabulary”以及空后的“ through reading.”可知阅读可以扩大孩子的词汇量，故选C项。
35. Scientists say there is no ________ evidence that power lines have anything to do with cancer.
A. inspiring B. adjustable C. convincing D. incredible
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家们表示，没有令人信服的证据表明电线与癌症有任何关系。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. incredible不可思议的。根据下文“power lines have anything to do with cancer(电线与癌症有任何关系)”可推理出空白处应填表示“令人信服的”含义的形容词，故选C项。
36. Humans cannot ________ plants such as grass.
A. honour B. digest C. clarify D. disinfect
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类不能消化像草这样植物。A.honour尊敬；B.digest消化；C.clarify澄清；净化；D.disinfect给……消毒。由句意及空后的 plants such as grass可知人不能消化像草这一类的植物。故选B项。
37. A ________ relationship, agreement, or discussion is friendly and peaceful.
A. humble B. legal C. varied D. harmonious
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和谐的关系、协议或讨论是友好和平的。A. humble谦虚的；B. legal合法的；C. varied各种各样的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据后文“friendly and peaceful”指和谐的关系。故选D。
38. Yuan Longping is one of the most ________ scientists in agriculture.
A. financial B. influential C. beneficial D. official
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平是农业领域最具影响力的科学家之一。A. financial金融的；B. influential有很大影响的；C. beneficial有益的；D. official官方的。根据前文“Yuan Longping”结合实际可知，袁隆平是农业领域最具影响力的科学家之一。故选B项。
39. The train went slower and slower until it stopped ________.
A. illegally B. altogether C. considerately D. vitally
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：火车开得越来越慢，直到完全停了下来。A. illegally非法地；B. altogether总共，全部；C. considerately深思熟虑地；D. vitally至关重要的。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“全部，完全”，故用altogether。故选B。
40. People like emojis because they add ________ meaning, and are quick and easy to use.
A. legendary B. tragic C. emotional D. economic
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢表情符号，因为它们增加了情感含义，而且使用起来快捷方便。A. legendary传奇；B. tragic悲剧的；C. emotional情感的；D. economic经济的。根据句意及“emojis”可知，人们喜欢表情符号，因为它们能够表达情感，故选C。
41. Handshake is a ________ of friendship.
A. vision B. gesture C. statistic D. profile
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：握手是一种友谊的表示。A. vision视力，视野；B. gesture表示；姿态；C. statistic统计数据；D. profile轮廓。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“表示；姿态”，故用gesture。故选B。
42. The intention of these adaptations of William Shakespear’s popular plays is to make the classics more ________ to young readers.
A. bittersweet B. disheartened C. accessible D. constant
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些改编自威廉·莎士比亚流行戏剧的作品，目的是让年轻读者更容易读懂这些经典作品。A. bittersweet苦乐参半；B. disheartened沮丧的；C. accessible可到达的，容易理解的；D. constant恒定的。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“容易理解的”，故用accessible。故选C。
43. My parents bought me a bicycle to ________ me for passing the exams.
A. compensate B. conceive C. tackle D. reward
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母给我买了一辆自行车来奖励我通过了考试。A. compensate补偿；B. conceive想出；C. tackle解决；D. reward奖励。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“奖励”，故用reward。故选D。
44. The plan is designed to ________ employees to work more efficiently.
A. motivate B. cherish C. clarify D. occupy
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该计划旨在激励员工更有效地工作。A.motivate激励； B.cherish珍惜；C.clarify阐明；澄清；净化；D.occupy居住；占用。由句意及空后的employees to work more efficiently可知计划的目的是为了激励员工更加高效地工作，故选A项。
45. I am looking for a(n) ________ which is going to be an adventure.
A. clinic B. licence C. occupation D. component
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在寻找一个富有挑战性的工作。A. clinic诊所；B. licence许可证；C. occupation职业；D. component组件。结合“which is going to be an adventure”可知，此处指“我正在寻找一个富有挑战性的工作”，故选C。
第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you like the idea of being able to read much faster, remember more easily, and being more creative, this list of Tony Buzan’s books might be inspirational to get you started.
Study Skills Handbook
This book does not focus only on reading efficiency but also covers the subjects of memory improvement and mind mapping. It is an absolute must for students of all ages.
Speed Reading
This popular book explains the principles of efficient reading. It allows you to improve your reading and retention (记忆力) skills immediately. The book gets right down to the practical matter of learning to read fast and remember what you have read.
The Mind Map Book
The Mind Map Book is a ground-breaking work on the basics of mind mapping suitable for everyone and introduces revolutionary techniques for planning and note-taking. It is one of Tony Buzan’s books that have taken the world by storm, selling more than 250 million copies. This guide will teach you how to use your brain properly and to maximum effect and additionally contains numerous practical exercises.
Use Your Head
Use Your Head is for those of you that feel as if you have not been able to reach your full potential. In this book, Tony Buzan teaches you how to think and learn from all possible sources of learning. You will also increase your creativity and your problem-solving abilities. Use Your Head has been translated into 27 different languages and is one of the most popular and best-selling Tony Buzan’s books on every continent. You will most certainly gain valuable advice on how to achieve your mental potential fully.
46. Which book can help students take better notes
A. Study Skills Handbook.
B. The Mind Map Book.
C. Speed Reading.
D. Use Your Head.
47. What do we know about the book Use Your Head
A. It offers different sources of learning.
B. It is the best-selling book on every continent.
C. It helps solve problems in different languages.
D. It provides tips on reaching full mental potential.
48. What do the four books mainly focus on
A. Learning motivation. B. Daily life skills.
C. Personal development. D. Memory skills.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Tony Buzan的有助于个人发展的几本书籍。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章The Mind Map Book部分的“The Mind Map Book is a ground-breaking work on the basics of mind mapping suitable for everyone and introduces revolutionary techniques for planning and note-taking.(《思维导图书》是一本关于思维导图基础知识的开创性著作，适用于所有人，并介绍了制定计划和记笔记的创新性技巧。)”可知The Mind Map Book可以帮助学生比较好地作笔记。故选B项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Use Your Head部分的“You will most certainly gain valuable advice on how to achieve your mental potential fully.(你肯定会获得关于如何充分发挥你的精神潜能的宝贵建议)”可知,Use Your Head这本书会给你提供充分发挥精神潜能的建议。故选D项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“If you like the idea of being able to read much faster, remember more easily, and being more creative, this list of Tony Buzan’s books might be inspirational to get you started.(如果你喜欢读得更快、记忆更容易、更有创造力的想法，托尼·布赞的书单可能会鼓舞你开始阅读。)”可知这几本书可以让读者读得更快、记忆更容易、更有创造力，所以这几本书关注的主要是个人的发展。故选C项。
B
When Clara Harlowe Barton was 11 years old, her older brother was seriously injured in a fall. Barton spent two years nursing him back to health until he fully got well. Although she had this early nursing experience, Barton would not work as a nurse until later in life.
At the age of seventeen, Barton worked as a teacher in Massachusetts. Twelve years later, she opened the first free public school in New Jersey. The school grew from only six students on the first day of classes to more than 200 students by the end of the school year. When the school opened in the fall of 1853, Barton was surprised to learn that a man had been hired as the school’s head teacher, being paid twice her salary to run the school that she had set up and made successful. Outraged at this news, she quit her teaching position. “I may sometimes be willing to teach for nothing, but if paid at all, I shall never do a man’s work for less than a man’s pay,” she said.
In 1861, the Civil War began; Barton began collecting supplies and got passes from the government to send her supplies and services to the front line and field hospitals. And then she became known as the “Angel of the Battlefield”.
In 1869, Barton took a trip to Switzerland where she learned about the International Red Cross. Later, Barton set up the American Red Cross. Under Barton’s leadership, the American Red Cross helped thousands of people in need.
During her lifetime, Barton gave her life and effort to the service and the care of others as a teacher, a Civil War nurse, and founder of the American Red Cross.
49. What does the underlined word “Outraged” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Angry. D. Frightened.
50. Why was Barton called the “Angel of the Battlefield”
A. She set up a field hospital. B. She provided supplies for soldiers.
C. She did a man’s work in the front line. D. She helped thousands of people in need.
51. What made Barton set up the American Red Cross
A. Her brother’s serious injury. B. Her dream to become a nurse.
C. Her experience in Switzerland. D. The soldiers’ encouraging praise.
52. What is the text mainly about
A. Barton’s life of service to people in need. B. Barton’s rich experiences at different ages.
C. Why Barton set up the American Red Cross. D. How Barton opened the first free public school.
【答案】49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克拉拉·哈洛·巴顿的个人经历以及她作为一名教师、内战时期的护士和美国红十字会的创始人，为服务和照顾他人付出了自己的生命和努力。
【49题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“When the school opened in the fall of 1853, Barton was surprised to learn that a man had been hired as the school’s head teacher, being paid twice her salary to run the school that she had set up and made successful.”以及画线词后文“at this news, she quit her teaching position.”可知，当学校在1853年秋天开学时，巴顿惊讶地发现学校已经雇佣了一个人来担任校长，他的薪水是她的两倍，来管理这所她创办并成功的学校，巴顿对此很生气，所以辞去了教学职务。故画线词意思是“生气的”。A. Sad.悲伤的；B. Moved.感动的；C. Angry.生气的；D. Frightened.害怕的。故选C。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1861, the Civil War began; Barton began collecting supplies and got passes from the government to send her supplies and services to the front line and field hospitals. And then she became known as the “Angel of the Battlefield”.(1861年，美国内战爆发；巴顿开始收集补给，并从政府那里得到通行证，把补给和服务送到前线和野战医院。后来，她被称为“战地天使”)”可知，巴顿被称为“战地天使”因为她为士兵提供补给。故选B。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In 1869, Barton took a trip to Switzerland where she learned about the International Red Cross. Later, Barton set up the American Red Cross. Under Barton’s leadership, the American Red Cross helped thousands of people in need.(1869年，巴顿去了瑞士，在那里她了解到了国际红十字会。后来，巴顿成立了美国红十字会。在巴顿的领导下，美国红十字会帮助了成千上万需要帮助的人)”可知，巴顿在瑞士的经历让巴顿建立了美国红十字会。故选C。
【52题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“During her lifetime, Barton gave her life and effort to the service and the care of others as a teacher, a Civil War nurse, and founder of the American Red Cross.( 在她的一生中，巴顿作为一名教师、内战时期的护士和美国红十字会的创始人，为服务和照顾他人付出了自己的生命和努力)”结合文章主要讲述了克拉拉·哈洛·巴顿的个人经历以及她作为一名教师、内战时期的护士和美国红十字会的创始人，为服务和照顾他人付出了自己的生命和努力。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是巴顿为需要帮助的人服务的人生。故选A。
C
A little creativity each day can go a long way towards happiness and pleasure in our daily life.
The researchers followed 658 people for about two weeks and found that doing small, everyday things like cooking and baking (烘焙) made the group feel more relaxed and happier. By following diaries kept by the study subjects, the researchers found that besides feeling happier, people who worked on little creative projects every day also felt they were “flourishing”, a term that describes the feeling of personal growth. That could mean that the good feeling that comes with pulling the freshly-baked bread out of the oven could carry over into the next day, making that baker more likely to keep on with their little acts of creative cooking.
This isn’t the first time researchers have connected making food with good feelings. In recent years, cooking and baking have been explored as a tool to help people deal with things like nervousness and worry.
“When I’m in the kitchen, preparing things like sugar or butter I needed or breaking the exact number of eggs, I am in control,” said baker John Whaite with mental disorder (心理障碍). “That’s really important as a key sign of my condition is a feeling of no control.”
“For people like Whaite, baking can help them by providing small tasks to focus on. To put together a good meal, cooks have to be continuously in the moment, adding seasonings (调味品) and tasting their food to make sure everything will come out alright, all of which can be helpful methods of treating some forms of mental illness,” wrote Huma Qureshi.
A lot of us turn to baking when we’re feeling low. Some of us even start baking because they are ill and need something simple to focus. Baking may not be a be-all-and-end-all cure (最佳疗法) for mental illness, but anyone in need of lifted spirits should consider it.
53. What were the people required to do in the study
A. To find ways to enjoy themselves.
B. To practise cooking and baking skills.
C. To invent new methods of baking bread.
D. To keep a record of their feelings every day.
54. What can we infer about Whaite from his words
A. He has made great progress in baking by practising.
B. He used to feel nervous and worried when cooking.
C. He enjoys the feeling of being in control.
D. He takes pride in his cooking skills.
55. How could baking help people like Whaite according to Huma Qureshi
A. By concentrating their mind.
B. By giving them a sense of success.
C. By making them taste healthy food.
D. By making them forget painful things.
56. In which part of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Education. B. Society. C. Nature. D. Lifestyle.
【答案】53. D 54. C 55. A 56. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项研究发现每天一点创造力可以在很大程度上促进我们日常生活中的幸福和快乐。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“By following diaries kept by the study subjects, the researchers found that besides feeling happier, people who worked on little creative projects every day also felt they were “flourishing”, a term that describes the feeling of personal growth. (通过跟踪研究对象的日记，研究人员发现，每天从事小创意项目的人除了感觉更快乐之外，还感觉自己“蒸蒸日上”，这是一个描述个人成长感觉的术语)”可知，接受测试的人被要求每天记录他们的心情。故选D。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的““When I’m in the kitchen, preparing things like sugar or butter I need or breaking the exact number of eggs, I am in control,” said baker John Whaite with mental disorder. “That’s really important as a key sign of my illness is a feeling of no control.”(患有精神障碍的面包师John Whaite说：“当我在厨房里准备我需要的糖或黄油等东西，或者打破鸡蛋的确切数量时，我就能控制局面。这真的很重要，因为我生病的一个关键迹象是感觉无法控制。”)”可推知，John Whaite很享受一切尽在掌握的感觉。故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““For people like Whaite, baking can help them by providing small tasks to focus on. To put together a good meal, cooks have to be continuously in the moment, adding seasonings and tasting their food to make sure everything will tick all the right boxes, all of which can be helpful methods of treating some forms of mental illness,” wrote Huma Qureshi.(Huma Qureshi写道：“对于像Whaite这样的人来说，烘焙可以通过提供一些小任务来帮助他们。为了做好一顿饭，厨师必须时刻准备，添加调味料并品尝食物，以确保一切都tick all the right boxes，所有这些都是治疗某些形式精神疾病的有用方法。”)”和最后一段的“Some of us even start baking because they are ill and need something simple to focus.(我们中的一些人甚至开始烘焙，因为他们生病了，需要一些简单的东西来集中注意力)”可知，Huma Qureshi认为烘焙通过让人们专注于一件事，即集中注意力，来帮助像Whaite这样的人。故选A。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A little creativity each day can go a long way towards happiness and pleasure in our daily life.(每天一点点的创造力可以让我们在日常生活中走向幸福和快乐。)”可知，文章介绍一项研究发现每天一点创造力可以在很大程度上促进我们日常生活中的幸福和快乐。这涉及到生活方式方面的知识，由此可推知，这篇文章可以出现在报纸的生活方式部分。故选D。
D
Inspired by how ants move through narrow spaces, scientists have built a robot that can pass through narrow passages, climb over steps and move on grass and loose rock.
“Insects are really a neat inspiration for designing robot systems that can perform various movement behaviors,” says Nick Gravish, a roboticist at the University of California, San Diego. Ants adapt their gesture to crawl through tiny spaces. And they aren’t disturbed by uneven earth or small obstacles. For example, their legs collapse a bit when they hit an object, and they continue to move forward quickly.
Gravish team’s robot is about 30 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters long with four wavy limbs (肢). Each limb is made up of six nested tubes that can draw into each other. What’s more, the limbs don’t need to be actively powered or adjusted to change their overall length. Instead, springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open space.
The robot can modify the width and height of its body to achieve a larger range of body sizes than other similar robots. The leg parts contracts into themselves to let the robot crawl through small tunnels and stretches out when under low ceilings. This adaptability lets the robot get into spaces as small as 72 percent its full width and 68 percent its full height. Next, the researchers plan to actively control the firmness of the springs that connect the leg parts to tune the motion to earth type without consuming too much power.
The researchers think that such small-scale, minimal robots are easy to produce and can be quickly adjusted to explore complex environments. However, the researchers think that these robots are, for now, too breakable for search-and-rescue, exploration or biological monitoring. The new robot takes a step closer to those goals, but getting there will take more time.
57. What inspired Gravish’s team to design the robot
A. Ants’ ability to do a variety of movements.
B. Ants’ ability to move on uneven earth freely.
C. Ants’ ability to remove different obstacles.
D. Ants’ ability to adapt their gestures in tiny spaces.
58. Which of the following determines the flexibility of the new robot
A. The springs on its legs. B. The tubes on its body.
C. Its short and wavy legs. D. Its small power capacity.
59. What does the underlined word “modify” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Expose. B. Expand. C. Challenge. D. Change.
60. What will the researchers probably do next
A. Perfect the function of the robot.
B. Find easier ways to produce the robot.
C. Look for inspiration from other insects.
D. Test the robot in more complex environment.
【答案】57. D 58. A 59. D 60. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家从蚂蚁身上获取灵感，研发出了能像蚂蚁一样灵活调整四肢从而通过狭窄地方的机器人。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Inspired by how ants move through narrow spaces, scientists have built a robot that can pass through narrow passages, climb over steps and move on grass and loose rock.(受到蚂蚁在狭窄空间中移动的启发，科学家们制造了一种机器人，它可以穿过狭窄的通道，爬过台阶，在草地和松动的岩石上移动)”和第二段的“ Ants adapt their gesture to crawl through tiny spaces. And they aren’t disturbed by uneven earth or small obstacles. For example, their legs collapse a bit when they hit an object, and they continue to move forward quickly.(蚂蚁调整它们的姿势在狭小的空间里爬行。而且它们不会受到不平整的地面或小障碍物的干扰。例如，当它们撞到物体时，它们的腿会稍微塌陷，但它们会继续快速向前移动)”可知，格拉维什团队制作机器人的灵感来自蚂蚁调控四肢的能力。故选D项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Instead, springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open space.(相反，弹簧起着至关重要的作用，因为当机器人穿过狭窄的空间时，它们可以使腿变短，并在开放的空间中向后伸展)”可知，如果机器人要像蚂蚁那样灵活地让四肢自动缩短或向外伸展，安装在四肢的弹簧将发挥重要作用。故选A项。
【59题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“the width and height of its body to achieve a larger range of body sizes than other similar robots.(其身体的宽度和高度，以实现比其他同类机器人更大的身体尺寸范围)”可知，划线词的意思是“改变”的意思，该机器人可以修改变身体的宽度和高度。故选D项。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers think that these robots are, for now, too breakable for search-and-rescue, exploration or biological monitoring. The new robot takes a step closer to those goals, but getting there will take more time.(然而，研究人员认为，这些机器人目前在搜索和救援、勘探或生物监测方面太脆弱了。新的机器人离这些目标更近了一步，但要实现这些目标需要更多的时间)”可知，研究人员接下来可能会完善机器人的功能。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
A great skill to have is the ability to solve problems effectively, specifically interpersonal and behavioral problems. In order to achieve this, you need to follow a few key requirements. ____61____
First, you should understand “why” the problem exists. ____62____ If you know something about why the problem exists, you’ll have a better time to resolve the problem. Let’s take the example of a child who doesn’t want to come to school. Before you can reach a solution, it is important to find out why the child doesn’t want to come to school.
Once you have clearly identified the problem, you need to understand what you have control over and what don’t. ____63____ You may not control whether a child comes to school, but you are able to deal with the barrier to the child not wanting to attend school.
Don’t jump to conclusions. Once you have all of your information, analyze it carefully and look at it from various viewpoints. Be as objective as possible and don’t be quick to judge. ____64____ This is a time for you to use your critical thinking skills.
____65____ How many options do you have Are you sure Which options seem reasonable Have you weighed the pros and cons (事物的利与弊) of your options Are there any limitations of your options Are there any options better than others and why Are there advantages and disadvantages you need to take into consideration
A. Now determine your options for solutions.
B. Remain judgment-free as much as possible.
C. Ask yourself questions about what options you have.
D. That means figuring out the actual root cause of the problem.
E. Read on to find how to become a more effective problem solver.
F. The strategies in problem-solving are good lifelong skills to have.
G. Your efforts must be within the areas where you are in the driver’s seat.
【答案】61. E 62. D 63. G 64. B 65. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，文章主要讲的是高效地解决人际关系及行为问题的一些方法和策略。
【61题详解】
根据空前的“In order to achieve this, you need to follow a few key requirements.(为了实现这一点，你需要遵循几个关键要求。)”以及下文中列出的方法可知，空处应起到承上启下的作用，内容应与提高解决人际关系及行为问题能力需遵循的要求有关。E项Read on to find how to become a more effective problem solver.(接着往下看如何成为更有效的问|题解决者)与上文内容衔接，且总领下文中提到的各种要求，符合上下文语境，故选E项。
【62题详解】
根据本段首句“First, you should understand “why” the problem exists.(首先，您应该了解问题存在的“原因”。)”以及空后“If you know something about why the problem exists, you’ll have a better time to resolve the problem.(如果你知道问题存在的原因，你就会有更好的时间来解决问题。)”可知，空处承上启下，所以空处应与找到问题产生的原因有关。D项That means figuring out the actual root cause of the problem.(那意味着要找出问题真正的根本原因。)是对空前内容的进一步解释，且其中的“figuring out the actual root cause of the problem”指出了该段想要强调的重点，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选D项。
【63题详解】
根据空前“Once you have clearly identified the problem, you need to understand what you have control over and what don’t.(一旦你清楚地发现了问题所在，你就需要明白什么是你可以控制的，什么是你不能控制的。)”的内容可知，该段旨在说明解决问题时必须弄清楚你能控制的事情和不能控制的事情，根据空后“You may not control whether a child comes to school, but you are able to deal with the barrier to the child not wanting to attend school.(你可能无法控制一个孩子是否来上学，但你能够处理孩子不想上学的障碍。)”可知此处讲的是处理孩子不想上学的障碍在我们的努力控制范围内，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们必须确保自己的努力不超出自己能够控制的范围，G项Your efforts must be within the areas where you are in the driver’s seat.(你的努力必须在你掌握主动权的领域。)点明了解决问题时需要重点努力的方向，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【64题详解】
根据空前“Be as objective as possible and don’t be quick to judge.(要尽可能客观，不要急于下结论。)”可知要尽量保证客观，不要马上做出评判，根据空后“This is a time for you to use your critical thinking skills.(这是你运用批判性思维技能的时候。)”指出这是你运用批判性思维技能的时候，空处承上启下，所以空处应与要谨慎考虑，不要太快做决定有关，B项Remain judgment-free as much as possible. (尽可能保持不评判的态度)指出我们要可能保持不评判的态度，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【65题详解】
空处位于段首，应在该段中起总领作用。根据空后“How many options do you have Are you sure Which options seem reasonable Have you weighed the pros and cons (事物的利与弊) of your options Are there any limitations of your options Are there any options better than others and why Are there advantages and disadvantages you need to take into consideration (你有多少选择？你确定吗？哪些选项看起来是合理的？你权衡过你的选择的利弊了吗？你的选择有什么限制吗？是否有更好的选择，为什么？有哪些优点和缺点是你需要考虑的？)”可知，本段讨论的主要是解决方案的选择，即确定解决方案，选项A Now determine your options for solutions.(现在确定解决方案的选项。)指出要确定解决方案的选项，概括全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit and ___66___, with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life.
For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never ___67___ for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don’t ___68___ me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything ___69___. You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of ___70___ to make sure what I teach makes sense to her.
Alice came to me with very ___71___ English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English ___72___ on a daily basis. I ___73___ her homework before every class. Her homework is usually not what I ___74___ for the class, rather it is something that she ____75____ to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our ____76____ class. I am always ____77____ by the quality of her work.
I feel fortunate to have a student like Alice. She has ____78____ me so much. Our ____79____ is a great learning experience for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her ____80____ her dream, whatever it is.
66. A. strong B. cheerful C. generous D. proud
67. A. anxious B. ready C. late D. meant
68. A. treat B. recognize C. mistake D. describe
69. A. carefully B. properly C. literally D. eagerly
70. A. humor B. achievement C. responsibility D. belonging
71. A. special B. basic C. effective D. complicated
72. A. in place B. in motion C. in order D. in use
73. A. copy B. check C. mention D. prepare
74. A. adjusted B. saved C. assigned D. collected
75. A. volunteers B. agrees C. promises D. hesitates
76. A. lively B. previous C. typical D. flexible
77 A. encouraged B. annoyed C. confused D. impressed
78. A. taught B. entertained C. guaranteed D. permitted
79. A. appointment B. arrangement C. interaction D. cooperation
80. A. play safe with B. try out for C. let go of D. get closer to
【答案】66. B 67. C 68. A 69. D 70. C 71. B 72. D 73. B 74. C 75. A 76. B 77. D 78. A 79. C 80. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了60岁的Alice对学习英语很有激情，而且学习积极主动，给身为老师的作者留下了深刻印象。他们之间的互动对他们俩来说都是一次很好的学习经历。
【66题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alice已经60岁了，但她看起来很健康，很开朗，笑容灿烂，态度热情。A. strong强壮的；B. cheerful开朗的，高兴的；C. generous慷慨的；D. proud自豪的。根据后文with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude可知Alice是爱笑开朗的人。故选B。
【67题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她上课从不迟到。A. anxious焦虑的；B. ready准备好的；C. late晚的；D. meant打算。结合上文For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never可知虽然Alice每天要花三个小时来上课，但是她从不迟到，but表示转折。故选C。
【68题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：别把我当作60岁的人。A. treat对待；B. recognize识别；C. mistake弄错；D. describe描述。根据后文me as a 60-year-old可知是指将Alice当作60岁的人。treat as“把……当作，看作”。故选A。
【69题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只是一个初学者，渴望学习任何东西。A. carefully仔细地；B. properly合适的；C. literally照字面地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据上文Alice is very passionate about learning English.可知Alice对学英语很有激情，渴望学习。故选D。
【70题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我有一种强烈的责任感，要确保我教的东西对她有意义。A. humor幽默；B. achievement成就；C. responsibility责任；D. belonging所有物。根据后文to make sure what I teach makes sense to her.可知作者有一种对Alice的责任感，想要确保教的东西对她有意义。故选C。
【71题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice来找我的时候英语很基础，但她学得很快，因为她总是在日常生活中使用英语。A. special特别的；B. basic基本的；C. effective有效的；D. complicated复杂的。结合后文English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner可推知Alice来的时候英语技能很基础，后来才慢慢学到了其他的知识的。故选B。
【72题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：Alice来找我的时候英语很基础，但她学得很快，因为她总是在日常生活中使用英语。A. in place适当；B. in motion在运转中；C. in order整齐；D. in use在使用中。结合后文on a daily basis可推知Alice会在日常生活中使用英语。故选D。
【73题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每节课前我都会检查她的家庭作业。A. copy复制；B. check检查；C. mention提到；D. prepare准备。结合后文宾语her homework可知是检查家庭作业。故选B。
【74题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭作业通常不是我在课堂上布置的，而是她自愿去做的。A. adjusted调整；B. saved拯救；C. assigned布置，分配；D. collected收集。结合上文homework is usually not what I可知是指作者在课堂上布置家庭作业。故选C。
【75题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭作业通常不是我在课堂上布置的，而是她自愿去做的。A. volunteers志愿；B. agrees同意；C. promises承诺；D. hesitates犹豫。根据上文Her homework is usually not what I可知Alice的作业不是作者在课堂上布置的，是她自己自愿去做的。故选A。
【76题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她用从我们上节课学到的重要单词和短语造句。A. lively活泼的；B. previous早先的，以前的；C. typical典型的；D. flexible灵活的。结合上文her homework before every class.可知作业是每节课之前检查的，说明使用的是上节课学到的单词短语。故选B。
【77题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的作业质量总是给我留下深刻印象。A. encouraged受到鼓舞的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. impressed印象深刻的。结合上文的描述来看，Alice自发地写作业，而且作业质量还很高，所以她的家庭作业给作者留下了深刻印象。故选D。
【78题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她教会了我很多。A. taught教授；B. entertained娱乐；C. guaranteed保证；D. permitted允许。根据后文is a great learning experience for both of us.可知Alice也教会了作者很多事情。故选A。
【79题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的互动对我们俩来说都是一次很好的学习经历。A. appointment任命；B. arrangement安排；C. interaction互动；D. cooperation合作。根据后文is a great learning experience for both of us.可知作者和Alice是互相学习，是一种互动。故选C。
【80题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：虽然我不知道她为什么学英语，但我希望我能帮助她接近她的梦想，无论它是什么。A. play safe with不冒险；B. try out for竞争；C. let go of放手；D. get closer to接近，靠近。结合后文her dream可知是接近梦想，用get closer to。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago. I felt ____81____ was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help. There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else ____82____ (involve) in combating this terrible disease.
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in ____83____ (infect) diseases at the end of her posting. Emma introduced me ____84____ some of the others working for or alongside MSF. With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose ____85____ (devote) to the cause shone from their eyes.
In the few weeks since then, I ____86____ (come) to know these people very well. Although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here, all of ____87____ were infected. The twin girls and their parents soon died. We knew there ____88____ (be) little hope for the brothers but we did everything we could to save them. When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed ____89____ (see) that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
In a world still facing so many problems, it is _____90_____ (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
【答案】81. it 82. involved
83. infectious
84. to 85. devotion
86. have come
87. whom 88. was
89. to see 90. absolutely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是作者在MSF组织的经历。
【81题详解】
考查代词。句意：我觉得作为一名医生，去那里提供帮助是我的责任。由句意此处应填代词it，作形式主语，后面的不定式短语作真正的主语。故填it。
【82题详解】
考查形容词。句意：医生、病人或任何参与抗击这一可怕疾病的人都没有国界。由句意此处应填形容词involved，be involved in“涉及；卷入”固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作后置定语。故填involved。
【83题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的任务是在加拿大传染病专家艾玛即将卸任时接替她。由句意及空后的名词diseases可知空处应填形容词infectious，作定语。故填infectious。
【84题详解】
考查介词。句意：艾玛把我介绍给了其他一些为无国界医生工作或与之并肩工作的人。introduce...to sb.“把……介绍给某人”，固定搭配。故填to。
【85题详解】
考查名词。句意：每遇到一个人，我都感到越来越自豪，因为我是这个非凡团队的一员，他们对事业的奉献从他们的眼睛里闪耀出来。由句意及空前的whose及空后的to the cause可知应填名词形式devotion，devotion to...“对……的贡献”。故填devotion。
【86题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在那之后的几个星期里，我对这些人有了很好的了解。由句意及时间状语In the few weeks since then可知，谓语动词come应用现在完成时。故填have come。
【87题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：就在我到达之后，一个六口之家被带到这里，他们都被感染了。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为a family of six，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
88题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们知道这对兄弟没有什么希望了，但我们尽了一切努力去救他们。此处为there be句型，主语为不可数名词hope，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填was。
【89题详解】
考查不定式。句意：当我们第二天早上去病房时，我们惊奇地发现，尽管困难重重，两个男孩都还活着。be amazed to do sth.“对做某事感到惊讶”，see用不定式形式。故填to see。
【90题详解】
考查副词。句意：在一个仍然面临如此多问题的世界里，我们大家合作创建一个和平与繁荣的共同未来的国际社会是绝对必要的。由句意此处应填副词absolutely，作状语，修饰形容词essential。故填absolutely。
第五部分 写作（满分15分）
91. 为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将举办一场以“经典咏流传(Everlasting Classics)”为主题的论语通读大赛(Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius )，假如你是校学生会主席李华，邀请全校师生前来观看。请你根据提示写一则通知，内容包括，
1. 大赛目的；
2. 大赛时间、地点 （2023年11月24日下午两点，学校报告厅）；
3. 大赛内容。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 NOTICE
With the New Year approaching, a New Year party is scheduled to be held by our school on January 1st, 2021 in the school music hall.
A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on stage, including folk music, traditional Chinese operas, cross talk, lion dance and Chinese martial arts. Besides, an English drama based on British playwright Shakespeare’s masterpiece Hamlet will be performed.
All exchange students are highly welcome to attend. You can’t afford to miss it!
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将举办一场以“经典咏流传(Everlasting Classics)”为主题的论语通读大赛(Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius )，假如你是校学生会主席李华，邀请全校师生前来观看。请你根据提示写一则通知，内容包括，1. 大赛目的；2. 大赛时间、地点 （2023年11月24日下午两点，学校报告厅）；3. 大赛内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
预计做某事：be scheduled to do sth.→plan to do sth.
举办：hold→host
各种各样的：A wide variety of→Various
此外：Besides→In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on stage, including folk music, traditional Chinese operas, cross talk, lion dance and Chinese martial arts.
拓展句：A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on stage, which include folk music, traditional Chinese operas, cross talk, lion dance and Chinese martial arts.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With the New Year approaching, a New Year party is scheduled to be held by our school on January 1st, 2021 in the school music hall.(运用了不定式的被动语态)
【高分句型2】Besides, an English drama based on British playwright Shakespeare’s masterpiece Hamlet will be performed.(运用了非谓语动词作后置定语)大庆中学2023—2024学年度下学期月考考试
高二年级英语试题
考试时间：120分钟；试卷总分：150分
第二部分 词义辨析（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）
21. In modern society, modesty is a necessary ________.
A. fault B. signal C. virtue D. desire
22. The Ministry of Education ________ a new policy.
A. relieved B. approved C. assisted D. attacked
23. Make exercise a part of your daily ________.
A. routine B. sort C. snack D. decoration
24. As a doctor, you often need to ________ your personal feelings.
A. end up B. pick up C. get across D. lay aside
25. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. apply B. add C. devote D. introduce
26. She was over the age limit, ________, her application was rejected.
A. in addition B. as a consequence C. by accident D. by chance
27. We’ve come to the ________ that he’s not the right person for the job.
A. conclusion B. election C. access D. assistance
28. He ________ the conversation from one subject to another.
A. invested B. competed C. facilitated D. switched
29. I have been so ________ with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
A. steady B. appropriate C. urgent D. occupied
30. All our projects aim to ________ the development of poor and remote communities.
A. disinfect B. promote C. cast D. tempt
31. While the Spending jar is about the here and now, the Saving jar gives you a(n) ________ for the future.
A. component B. masterpiece C. vision D. addition
32. They felt great ________ for the victims.
A. access B. sympathy C. content D. inspiration
33. ________ people want to be the best at everything.
A. Competitive B. Informal C. Confused D. Average
34. A child’s vocabulary ________ through reading.
A. complains B. survives C. expands D. suffers
35. Scientists say there is no ________ evidence that power lines have anything to do with cancer.
A. inspiring B. adjustable C. convincing D. incredible
36. Humans cannot ________ plants such as grass.
A. honour B. digest C. clarify D. disinfect
37. A ________ relationship, agreement, or discussion is friendly and peaceful.
A. humble B. legal C. varied D. harmonious
38. Yuan Longping is one of the most ________ scientists in agriculture.
A. financial B. influential C. beneficial D. official
39. The train went slower and slower until it stopped ________.
A. illegally B. altogether C. considerately D. vitally
40. People like emojis because they add ________ meaning, and are quick and easy to use.
A. legendary B. tragic C. emotional D. economic
41. Handshake is a ________ of friendship.
A. vision B. gesture C. statistic D. profile
42 The intention of these adaptations of William Shakespear’s popular plays is to make the classics more ________ to young readers.
A. bittersweet B. disheartened C. accessible D. constant
43. My parents bought me a bicycle to ________ me for passing the exams.
A. compensate B. conceive C. tackle D. reward
44. The plan is designed to ________ employees to work more efficiently.
A. motivate B. cherish C. clarify D. occupy
45. I am looking for a(n) ________ which is going to be an adventure.
A. clinic B. licence C. occupation D. component
第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you like the idea of being able to read much faster, remember more easily, and being more creative, this list of Tony Buzan’s books might be inspirational to get you started.
Study Skills Handbook
This book does not focus only on reading efficiency but also covers the subjects of memory improvement and mind mapping. It is an absolute must for students of all ages.
Speed Reading
This popular book explains the principles of efficient reading. It allows you to improve your reading and retention (记忆力) skills immediately. The book gets right down to the practical matter of learning to read fast and remember what you have read.
The Mind Map Book
The Mind Map Book is a ground-breaking work on the basics of mind mapping suitable for everyone and introduces revolutionary techniques for planning and note-taking. It is one of Tony Buzan’s books that have taken the world by storm, selling more than 250 million copies. This guide will teach you how to use your brain properly and to maximum effect and additionally contains numerous practical exercises.
Use Your Head
Use Your Head is for those of you that feel as if you have not been able to reach your full potential. In this book, Tony Buzan teaches you how to think and learn from all possible sources of learning. You will also increase your creativity and your problem-solving abilities. Use Your Head has been translated into 27 different languages and is one of the most popular and best-selling Tony Buzan’s books on every continent. You will most certainly gain valuable advice on how to achieve your mental potential fully.
46. Which book can help students take better notes
A. Study Skills Handbook.
B. The Mind Map Book.
C. Speed Reading.
D. Use Your Head.
47. What do we know about the book Use Your Head
A. It offers different sources of learning.
B. It is the best-selling book on every continent.
C. It helps solve problems in different languages.
D. It provides tips on reaching full mental potential.
48. What do the four books mainly focus on
A. Learning motivation. B. Daily life skills.
C. Personal development. D. Memory skills.
B
When Clara Harlowe Barton was 11 years old, her older brother was seriously injured in a fall. Barton spent two years nursing him back to health until he fully got well. Although she had this early nursing experience, Barton would not work as a nurse until later in life.
At the age of seventeen, Barton worked as a teacher in Massachusetts. Twelve years later, she opened the first free public school in New Jersey. The school grew from only six students on the first day of classes to more than 200 students by the end of the school year. When the school opened in the fall of 1853, Barton was surprised to learn that a man had been hired as the school’s head teacher, being paid twice her salary to run the school that she had set up and made successful. Outraged at this news, she quit her teaching position. “I may sometimes be willing to teach for nothing, but if paid at all, I shall never do a man’s work for less than a man’s pay,” she said.
In 1861, the Civil War began; Barton began collecting supplies and got passes from the government to send her supplies and services to the front line and field hospitals. And then she became known as the “Angel of the Battlefield”.
In 1869, Barton took a trip to Switzerland where she learned about the International Red Cross. Later, Barton set up the American Red Cross. Under Barton’s leadership, the American Red Cross helped thousands of people in need.
During her lifetime, Barton gave her life and effort to the service and the care of others as a teacher, a Civil War nurse, and founder of the American Red Cross.
49. What does the underlined word “Outraged” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Angry. D. Frightened.
50. Why was Barton called the “Angel of the Battlefield”
A. She set up a field hospital. B. She provided supplies for soldiers.
C. She did a man’s work in the front line. D. She helped thousands of people in need.
51. What made Barton set up the American Red Cross
A. Her brother’s serious injury. B. Her dream to become a nurse.
C. Her experience in Switzerland. D. The soldiers’ encouraging praise.
52. What is the text mainly about
A. Barton’s life of service to people in need. B. Barton’s rich experiences at different ages.
C. Why Barton set up the American Red Cross. D. How Barton opened the first free public school.
C
A little creativity each day can go a long way towards happiness and pleasure in our daily life.
The researchers followed 658 people for about two weeks and found that doing small, everyday things like cooking and baking (烘焙) made the group feel more relaxed and happier. By following diaries kept by the study subjects, the researchers found that besides feeling happier, people who worked on little creative projects every day also felt they were “flourishing”, a term that describes the feeling of personal growth. That could mean that the good feeling that comes with pulling the freshly-baked bread out of the oven could carry over into the next day, making that baker more likely to keep on with their little acts of creative cooking.
This isn’t the first time researchers have connected making food with good feelings. In recent years, cooking and baking have been explored as a tool to help people deal with things like nervousness and worry.
“When I’m in the kitchen, preparing things like sugar or butter I needed or breaking the exact number of eggs, I am in control,” said baker John Whaite with mental disorder (心理障碍). “That’s really important as a key sign of my condition is a feeling of no control.”
“For people like Whaite, baking can help them by providing small tasks to focus on. To put together a good meal, cooks have to be continuously in the moment, adding seasonings (调味品) and tasting their food to make sure everything will come out alright, all of which can be helpful methods of treating some forms of mental illness,” wrote Huma Qureshi.
A lot of us turn to baking when we’re feeling low. Some of us even start baking because they are ill and need something simple to focus. Baking may not be a be-all-and-end-all cure (最佳疗法) for mental illness, but anyone in need of lifted spirits should consider it.
53. What were the people required to do in the study
A. To find ways to enjoy themselves.
B. To practise cooking and baking skills.
C. To invent new methods of baking bread.
D. To keep a record of their feelings every day.
54. What can we infer about Whaite from his words
A. He has made great progress in baking by practising.
B. He used to feel nervous and worried when cooking.
C. He enjoys the feeling of being in control.
D. He takes pride in his cooking skills.
55. How could baking help people like Whaite according to Huma Qureshi
A. By concentrating their mind.
B. By giving them a sense of success.
C. By making them taste healthy food.
D. By making them forget painful things.
56. In which part of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Education. B. Society. C. Nature. D. Lifestyle.
D
Inspired by how ants move through narrow spaces, scientists have built a robot that can pass through narrow passages, climb over steps and move on grass and loose rock.
“Insects are really a neat inspiration for designing robot systems that can perform various movement behaviors,” says Nick Gravish, a roboticist at the University of California, San Diego. Ants adapt their gesture to crawl through tiny spaces. And they aren’t disturbed by uneven earth or small obstacles. For example, their legs collapse a bit when they hit an object, and they continue to move forward quickly.
Gravish team’s robot is about 30 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters long with four wavy limbs (肢). Each limb is made up of six nested tubes that can draw into each other. What’s more, the limbs don’t need to be actively powered or adjusted to change their overall length. Instead, springs play a crucial role because they allow the legs to become short when the robot passes through a narrow space and stretch back out in an open space.
The robot can modify the width and height of its body to achieve a larger range of body sizes than other similar robots. The leg parts contracts into themselves to let the robot crawl through small tunnels and stretches out when under low ceilings. This adaptability lets the robot get into spaces as small as 72 percent its full width and 68 percent its full height. Next, the researchers plan to actively control the firmness of the springs that connect the leg parts to tune the motion to earth type without consuming too much power.
The researchers think that such small-scale, minimal robots are easy to produce and can be quickly adjusted to explore complex environments. However, the researchers think that these robots are, for now, too breakable for search-and-rescue, exploration or biological monitoring. The new robot takes a step closer to those goals, but getting there will take more time.
57. What inspired Gravish’s team to design the robot
A. Ants’ ability to do a variety of movements.
B. Ants’ ability to move on uneven earth freely.
C. Ants’ ability to remove different obstacles.
D. Ants’ ability to adapt their gestures in tiny spaces.
58. Which of the following determines the flexibility of the new robot
A. The springs on its legs. B. The tubes on its body.
C. Its short and wavy legs. D. Its small power capacity.
59. What does the underlined word “modify” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Expose. B. Expand. C. Challenge. D. Change.
60. What will the researchers probably do next
A. Perfect the function of the robot.
B. Find easier ways to produce the robot.
C. Look for inspiration from other insects.
D. Test the robot in more complex environment.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
A great skill to have is the ability to solve problems effectively, specifically interpersonal and behavioral problems. In order to achieve this, you need to follow a few key requirements. ____61____
First, you should understand “why” the problem exists. ____62____ If you know something about why the problem exists, you’ll have a better time to resolve the problem. Let’s take the example of a child who doesn’t want to come to school. Before you can reach a solution, it is important to find out why the child doesn’t want to come to school.
Once you have clearly identified the problem, you need to understand what you have control over and what don’t. ____63____ You may not control whether a child comes to school, but you are able to deal with the barrier to the child not wanting to attend school.
Don’t jump to conclusions. Once you have all of your information analyze it carefully and look at it from various viewpoints. Be as objective as possible and don’t be quick to judge. ____64____ This is a time for you to use your critical thinking skills.
____65____ How many options do you have Are you sure Which options seem reasonable Have you weighed the pros and cons (事物的利与弊) of your options Are there any limitations of your options Are there any options better than others and why Are there advantages and disadvantages you need to take into consideration
A. Now determine your options for solutions.
B. Remain judgment-free as much as possible.
C. Ask yourself questions about what options you have.
D. That means figuring out the actual root cause of the problem.
E. Read on to find how to become a more effective problem solver.
F. The strategies in problem-solving are good lifelong skills to have.
G. Your efforts must be within the areas where you are in the driver’s seat.
第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60 Alice looks so fit and ___66___, with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life.
For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never ___67___ for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don’t ___68___ me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything ___69___. You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of ___70___ to make sure what I teach makes sense to her.
Alice came to me with very ___71___ English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English ___72___ on a daily basis. I ___73___ her homework before every class. Her homework is usually not what I ___74___ for the class, rather it is something that she ____75____ to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our ____76____ class. I am always ____77____ by the quality of her work.
I feel fortunate to have a student like Alice. She has ____78____ me so much. Our ____79____ is a great learning experience for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her ____80____ her dream, whatever it is.
66. A. strong B. cheerful C. generous D. proud
67. A. anxious B. ready C. late D. meant
68. A. treat B. recognize C. mistake D. describe
69. A. carefully B. properly C. literally D. eagerly
70. A. humor B. achievement C. responsibility D. belonging
71. A. special B. basic C. effective D. complicated
72. A. in place B. in motion C. in order D. in use
73. A. copy B. check C. mention D. prepare
74. A. adjusted B. saved C. assigned D. collected
75. A. volunteers B. agrees C. promises D. hesitates
76. A. lively B. previous C. typical D. flexible
77. A. encouraged B. annoyed C. confused D. impressed
78. A. taught B. entertained C. guaranteed D. permitted
79. A. appointment B. arrangement C. interaction D. cooperation
80. A. play safe with B. try out for C. let go of D. get closer to
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago. I felt ____81____ was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help. There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else ____82____ (involve) in combating this terrible disease.
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in ____83____ (infect) diseases at the end of her posting. Emma introduced me ____84____ some of the others working for or alongside MSF. With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose ____85____ (devote) to the cause shone from their eyes.
In the few weeks since then, I ____86____ (come) to know these people very well. Although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here, all of ____87____ were infected. The twin girls and their parents soon died. We knew there ____88____ (be) little hope for the brothers but we did everything we could to save them. When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed ____89____ (see) that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
In a world still facing so many problems it is _____90_____ (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
第五部分 写作（满分15分）
91. 为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将举办一场以“经典咏流传(Everlasting Classics)”为主题的论语通读大赛(Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius )，假如你是校学生会主席李华，邀请全校师生前来观看。请你根据提示写一则通知，内容包括，
1. 大赛目的；
2. 大赛时间、地点 （2023年11月24日下午两点，学校报告厅）；
3. 大赛内容。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
