压轴题17 应用文写作
命题预测 分析近几年新高考应用文可知，新高考应用文写作部分体裁灵活多样，以短文（通知、倡议、报道）为主，书信（建议信、申请信、感谢信、祝贺信等信件）为辅，但考纲并未声明图表图画作文不考。 预测2024年高考对于小短文写作的考查仍是压轴考题，主要考查学生四个基本能力： 小短文 书信 图表/图画
高频考法 文字提示 图画，图表
应用文写作基本规律及解题要领
主题方面以“立德树人，五育并举”为纲，话题多样，更加开放、灵活，但内容贴近生活实际，力求真实，富有时代气息，让考生可以以结合生活经验，有话可说。
近四年新高考I&II卷命题分析
年份 体裁 主体 内容 命题形式
2023 建议信 人与社会 给外教提建议 文字提纲
2022 邀请信 人与社会 邀请外教参加访谈 文字提纲
2021 投稿 人与社会 庆祝英文报刊创刊十周年 文字提纲
2020 报道 人与社会 学校越野赛报道 文字提纲
应用文的解题技巧
四个步骤：
仔细审题
写作的前提就是审题。仔细审题，关注体裁和话题。明确写作内容要点、交际目的和写作对象，确定时态和人称。为了避免遗漏内容的要点，建议再原题上适当做标记，标记要点。
谋篇布局
应用文取得高分的关键就是严谨的逻辑、清晰的布局。三段式结构可以使阅卷老师一目了然的掌握考生的内容分布和结构布局。第一段可以开门见山描写写作目的，第二段详述写作内容。第三代提出期望或再次表达某种情感。
3. 语言灵活
根据语言形象生动的原则，对词汇和句子进行修改润色和升级，使得行文流畅，逻辑合理，语法正确。为避免句式单一，可以灵活使用高级句式，如倒装句、感叹句非谓语短语、独立主格结构，复合句、强调句等。巧妙运用过渡词也能使文章脉络分明，紧凑、自然、连贯。
4. 卷面整洁
阅卷的速度都很快，写出干净整齐的字体，可以让人眼前一亮，若能在此基础之上，达到优美和赏心悦目的效果，也是得高分的重要因素。
短文类基本思路：
体裁 首段 中间段 尾段
书信 说明写信目的或意图 提出具体建议或事由 表达期望/祝愿/期盼回复等
03 图表、图画类
1．假如你是李华，请你根据下面表格内容写一篇关于音乐的英文博客。
情绪状态 推荐听的音乐 音乐作用
感到压力大，过分焦虑 流行音乐 放松身心
沉迷电脑游戏，兴奋过度 乡村音乐 平复心情
感到孤独、悲伤 轻音乐 心情愉快
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 适当增加情节以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Enjoy music
Today I thought I would blog about music.
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【答案】
Enjoy music
Today I thought I would blog about music. Music holds a profound impact on our emotions, serving as a powerful tool to regulate and enhance our moods.
When feeling anxious and stressed, it’s advisable to listen to pop music, which will make you relaxed. Some students are crazy about computer games and feel overexcited, so they can listen to country music. After listening to it, they will feel calm and peaceful. Additionally, soft music acts as a great companion during lonely and sad moments, providing comfort and companionship.
In essence, music is not just entertainment; it’s an emotional healing balm that can enrich our lives.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇关于音乐的英文博客。
【详解】1.词汇积累
影响：impact→influence
沉迷：be crazy about→ be addicted to
此外：additionally→ in addition
提供：provide→offer
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Music holds a profound impact on our emotions, serving as a powerful tool to regulate and enhance our moods.
拓展句：Music holds a profound impact on our emotions, which serves as a powerful tool to regulate and enhance our moods.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When feeling anxious and stressed, it’s advisable to listen to pop music, which will make you relaxed.（运用了when引导状语从句的省略，which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, soft music acts as a great companion during lonely and sad moments, providing comfort and companionship.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
2．你班“英语角”准备出一期有关“中小学生周末做家务劳动情况”调查的板报，请根据以下表格调查结果为板报写一篇稿件。
内容包括：
1. 情况介绍；
2. 你的评论；
3. 你的建议。
总体情况 利用周末做家务的中小学生占91.50%
技能比例 打扫卫生 洗碗 烹调 做农活
85.50% 81.60% 36.80% 22.2%
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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【答案】
Nowadays, more and more students spend their weekends doing housework. In general, 91.50% of students help their parents with housework at weekends. In terms of housework skills, 85.50% and 81.60% help their parents do cleaning and the dishes respectively. However, only 36.80% can help cook and only 22.2% can do farm work.
Students doing simple housework account for a high proportion, but relatively fewer students do some more complex housework such as cooking and doing farm work.
As students, we should develop the good habit of laboring and really help our parents reduce their burden of work.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据表格调查结果为板报写一篇稿件，介绍中小学生周末做家务的劳动情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
一般来说：in general→generally speaking
然而：however→nevertheless
复杂的：complex→complicated
帮助：help→aid
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As students, we should develop the good habit of laboring and really help our parents reduce their burden of work.
拓展句：As students, we should develop the good habit of laboring, really helping our parents reduce their burden of work.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Students doing simple housework account for a high proportion, but relatively fewer students do some more complex housework such as cooking and doing farm work.（运用了现在分词作定语）
【高分句型2】In terms of housework skills, 85.50% and 81.60% help their parents do cleaning and the dishes respectively.（动词不定式作宾补，省略动词不定式符号）
3．近期，你校英文报就你校高中生每日英语口语练习时间做了调查，请你结合图表信息写一篇调查报告。内容包括：
1. 描述调查结果；
2. 陈述你的看法；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
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【答案】
A survey on the time students spend practising spoken English daily was carried out1 by our school’s English newspaper. And it has been found that 59% of the students devote less than 30 minutes to2 spoken English practice3 . Students sparing4 over 30 minutes to practise5 account for6 22%. Additionally, there’re 19% of students reporting no daily oral practice.
It is encouraging to see that a majority of students engage in7 regular spoken English exercises8 . However, there’s still a good portion of9 students who do not prioritize10 oral practice at all. Therefore, further efforts should be made to raise awareness of11 the importance of sufficient 12 spoken English practice.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生结合图表信息写一篇高中生每日英语口语练习时间的调查报告。
【详解】1.词汇积累
调查：survey→investigation
另外：additionally→moreover
然而：however→nevertheless
因此：therefore→hence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Students sparing over 30 minutes to practise account for 22%.
拓展句：Students who spare over 30 minutes to practise account for 22%.
【点睛】[高分句型1] And it has been found that 59% of the students devote less than 30 minutes to spoken English practice. (运用了it做形式主语，that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2] However, there’s still a good portion of students who do not prioritize oral practice at all. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
4．你校英文报正在开展以Satisfaction with Your Looks为话题的调查，请结合图表中的数据写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 满意度情况描述；
2. 简单评论；
3. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数不少于80；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Attitudes towards whether we are satisfied with our looks vary from person to person.
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【答案】One possible version:
Attitudes towards whether we are satisfied with our looks vary from person to person. Only 7 percent of students express being completely satisfied, while 26 percent report being relatively satisfied. However, a significant 67 percent admit not being satisfied with their looks.
It is concerning to see such a large majority of students feeling unsatisfied with their appearance. These results underscore the need for promoting positive body image and self-acceptance among students.
To address this issue, I think it is necessary to encourage students to embrace their unique qualities and appreciate themselves for who they are. What also matters is to establish counseling or support groups where students can share their concerns and receive guidance on building self-esteem.
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于图表作文。题目要求学生根据图表中的数据，为校英文报写一篇以Satisfaction with Your Looks为话题的调查报告，需对图表中的情况作简要描述，发表简单评论，并分享个人的建议。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
表达：express→convey
令人忧心的：concerning→worrisome
强调：underscore→underline/emphasize
推进：promote→advance
处理：address→tackle/cope with
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is concerning to see such a large majority of students feeling unsatisfied with their appearance.
拓展句：It is concerning to see such a large majority of students who feel unsatisfied with their appearance.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] To address this issue, I think it is necessary to encourage students to embrace their unique qualities and appreciate themselves for who they are. (运用了that引导名词性从句作think的宾语并被省略、who引导名词性从句作for的宾语)
[高分句型2] What also matters is to establish counseling or support groups where students can share their
concerns and receive guidance on building self-esteem. (运用了What引导名词性从句作主语、where引导限制性定语从句)
5．你校英文报近期开展了以“Which Matters More—Major or University ”为题的调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文并投稿，内容包括：
1. 调查结果描述;
2. 观点分析;
3. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 短文题目已给出。
Which Matters More-Major or University
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【答案】范文
Which Matters More-Major or University
Generally speaking, both major and university play vital roles in senior high students’ academic perfomances and career paths. Recently, a survey was conducted about which matters more, one’s major or university.
As it turned out, 48 percent believe the university plays a more important role in shaping their future. With access to academic training, lectures and experiences of different clubs in university, an excellent university brings many unseen benefits. However, 33 percent argue one’s major matters more. After all, different majors will lead to different career paths which ultimately contribute to different incomes. Still, 19% have ambiguous thoughts yet.
Personally, I believe our life is not necessarily determined by them. Individual development is closely related to our overall performance in the university.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生以“Which Matters More—Major or University ”为题，用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文并投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
实施：conduct→carry out
重要：matter→count
重要的：important→vital
最终：ultimately→finally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With access to academic training, lectures and experiences of different clubs in university, an excellent university brings many unseen benefits.
拓展句：An excellent university brings many unseen benefits because the students have access to academic training, lectures and experiences of different clubs in university.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Recently, a survey was conducted about which matters more, one’s major or university. (运用了which引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] After all, different majors will lead to different career paths which ultimately contribute to different incomes. (运用了which引导定语从句)
6．国庆节即将到来，针对黄金周的一些问题，国家拟对黄金周集中假期进行调整。下面是某一网站就黄金周是否应该取消作的调查。请你把调查的结果写成短文，发表在学校的报刊上。
黄金周长假期的调查（1000人）
人数 原因
赞成长假期 45% 假期集中，方便出外旅游，尽情放松；更多时间与家人一起。
取消长假期 55% 容易造成交通阻塞，甚至交通事故；人流量大，对景点保护不利；各项服务质量下降。
[写作要求] 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
[评分标准] 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
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【答案】
Recently we made a survey of whether we should have long holiday in the coming National Day. 45% of the surveyed people (1000) hope to have a long holiday since this provides them with adequate time for a trip and they can relax themselves completely. They also mention that with the long holiday, they have more fun staying with the family. However, 55% of people say that during the long holiday, there are more traffic jams and even traffic accidents. What’s more, the crowded people’s gathering in some famous places has caused damage to the relics and led to poor service quality.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据表格内容，对是否应该取消黄金周长假期的调查（1000人）进行总结，把调查的结果写成短文，发表在学校的报刊上。
【详解】1.词汇积累
应该：should→be supposed to
为某人提供某物：provide sb. with sth.→provide sth. for sb./offer sb. sth.
此外：what’s more→in addition
导致：lead to→result in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：What’s more, the crowded people’s gathering in some famous places has caused damage to the relics and led to poor service quality.
同义句：What’s more, not only has the crowded people’s gathering in some famous places caused damage to the relics, but it also has led to poor service quality.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently we made a survey of whether we should have long holiday in the coming National Day. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】45% of the surveyed people (1000) hope to have a long holiday since this provides them with adequate time for a trip and they can relax themselves completely. (运用了since引导的原因状语从句)
7．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
简单描述图片内容，分析造成此现象的原因，并谈谈你的看法。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Those days Chinese parents tend to spend a lot of money sending their children to study abroad in the hope of their children studying hard and being successful, while the children think of studying abroad as a way to get rid of the pressure of study.
There’re two main reasons for this phenomenon. On the one hand, because of societal attitudes, parents often hold the belief that overseas education leads to better opportunities. Therefore, they would like to send their children abroad. On the other hand, Chinese students are under the great pressure of entrance examinations. Going abroad means that they can live an easier life.
In my opinion, some effective measures should be taken to solve this problem. First, parents should correct their outdated ideas. Second, the government should actively carry out educational reform to reduce the pressure on students.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文，要求考生根据图画表达的内容，分析产生该现象的原因，并谈谈自己的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
倾向于：tend to do…→have a tendency to do…
希望：in the hope of→in the expectation of
把……看作……：think of…as…→regard…as…/see…as…
压力：pressure→stress
2. 句式拓展
合并句子
原句：On the other hand, Chinese students are under the great pressure of entrance examinations. Going abroad means that they can live an easier life.
拓展句：On the other hand, Chinese students are under the great pressure of entrance examinations. while going abroad means that they can live an easier life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Those days Chinese parents tend to spend a lot of money sending their children to study abroad in the hope of their children studying hard and being successful, while the children think of studying abroad as a way to get rid of the pressure of study.(使用了第一个不定式作tend的宾语、第二个不定式在send sb. to do…结构中作宾补、第三个不定式在way后边作后置定语，还使用了动名词作宾语，并且使用了while连接并列的句子)
【高分句型2】On the one hand, because of societal attitudes, parents often hold the belief that overseas education leads to better opportunities. (使用了that引导同位语从句)
8．请仔细观察下面的图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇短文。
内容提示：1. What can you see in the picture
2. Who do you think is right
要求：(1)短文须包括所有提示的内容，可适当发挥。
(2)短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(3)词数80个左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数)
As is vividly shown in the picture, it illustrates that two students ...
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【答案】
As is vividly shown in the picture, it illustrates that two students are doing their homework. The girl finds the homework too difficult and wants to ask for help on the phone, but the boy is trying to stop her from doing so. This picture reflects a common phenomenon in today’s society.
In my opinion, the boy’s action is more advisable. Seeking help immediately via phone might be convenient, but it hinders the girl’s ability to solve problems independently. Students should be encouraged to develop their problem-solving skills.
In conclusion, while seeking help is not entirely unacceptable, students should strive to overcome challenges independently. By doing so, they not only enhance their learning outcomes but also develop essential life skills.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求考生仔细观察图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困难的：difficult→hard
在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I am concerned
解决：solve→settle
提高：enhance→improve
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：The girl finds the homework too difficult and wants to ask for help on the phone, but the boy is trying to stop her from doing so.
拓展句：Though the girl finds the homework too difficult and wants to ask for help on the phone, the boy is trying to stop her from doing so.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeking help immediately via phone might be convenient, but it hinders the girl’s ability to solve problems independently.（运用了动名词短语作主语，动词不定式短语作后置定语）
【高分句型2】In conclusion, while seeking help is not entirely unacceptable, students should strive to overcome challenges independently.（运用了while引导让步状语从句）压轴题17 应用文写作
命题预测 分析近几年新高考应用文可知，新高考应用文写作部分体裁灵活多样，以短文（通知、倡议、报道）为主，书信（建议信、申请信、感谢信、祝贺信等信件）为辅，但考纲并未声明图表图画作文不考。 预测2024年高考对于小短文写作的考查仍是压轴考题，主要考查学生四个基本能力： 小短文 书信 图表/图画
高频考法 文字提示 图画，图表
应用文写作基本规律及解题要领
主题方面以“立德树人，五育并举”为纲，话题多样，更加开放、灵活，但内容贴近生活实际，力求真实，富有时代气息，让考生可以以结合生活经验，有话可说。
近四年新高考I&II卷命题分析
年份 体裁 主体 内容 命题形式
2023 建议信 人与社会 给外教提建议 文字提纲
2022 邀请信 人与社会 邀请外教参加访谈 文字提纲
2021 投稿 人与社会 庆祝英文报刊创刊十周年 文字提纲
2020 报道 人与社会 学校越野赛报道 文字提纲
应用文的解题技巧
四个步骤：
仔细审题
写作的前提就是审题。仔细审题，关注体裁和话题。明确写作内容要点、交际目的和写作对象，确定时态和人称。为了避免遗漏内容的要点，建议再原题上适当做标记，标记要点。
谋篇布局
应用文取得高分的关键就是严谨的逻辑、清晰的布局。三段式结构可以使阅卷老师一目了然的掌握考生的内容分布和结构布局。第一段可以开门见山描写写作目的，第二段详述写作内容。第三代提出期望或再次表达某种情感。
3. 语言灵活
根据语言形象生动的原则，对词汇和句子进行修改润色和升级，使得行文流畅，逻辑合理，语法正确。为避免句式单一，可以灵活使用高级句式，如倒装句、感叹句非谓语短语、独立主格结构，复合句、强调句等。巧妙运用过渡词也能使文章脉络分明，紧凑、自然、连贯。
4. 卷面整洁
阅卷的速度都很快，写出干净整齐的字体，可以让人眼前一亮，若能在此基础之上，达到优美和赏心悦目的效果，也是得高分的重要因素。
短文类基本思路：
体裁 首段 中间段 尾段
书信 说明写信目的或意图 提出具体建议或事由 表达期望/祝愿/期盼回复等
03 图表、图画类
1．假如你是李华，请你根据下面表格内容写一篇关于音乐的英文博客。
情绪状态 推荐听的音乐 音乐作用
感到压力大，过分焦虑 流行音乐 放松身心
沉迷电脑游戏，兴奋过度 乡村音乐 平复心情
感到孤独、悲伤 轻音乐 心情愉快
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 适当增加情节以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Enjoy music
Today I thought I would blog about music.
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2．你班“英语角”准备出一期有关“中小学生周末做家务劳动情况”调查的板报，请根据以下表格调查结果为板报写一篇稿件。
内容包括：
1. 情况介绍；
2. 你的评论；
3. 你的建议。
总体情况 利用周末做家务的中小学生占91.50%
技能比例 打扫卫生 洗碗 烹调 做农活
85.50% 81.60% 36.80% 22.2%
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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3．近期，你校英文报就你校高中生每日英语口语练习时间做了调查，请你结合图表信息写一篇调查报告。内容包括：
1. 描述调查结果；
2. 陈述你的看法；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
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4．你校英文报正在开展以Satisfaction with Your Looks为话题的调查，请结合图表中的数据写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 满意度情况描述；
2. 简单评论；
3. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数不少于80；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Attitudes towards whether we are satisfied with our looks vary from person to person.
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5．你校英文报近期开展了以“Which Matters More—Major or University ”为题的调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文并投稿，内容包括：
1. 调查结果描述;
2. 观点分析;
3. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 短文题目已给出。
Which Matters More-Major or University
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6．国庆节即将到来，针对黄金周的一些问题，国家拟对黄金周集中假期进行调整。下面是某一网站就黄金周是否应该取消作的调查。请你把调查的结果写成短文，发表在学校的报刊上。
黄金周长假期的调查（1000人）
人数 原因
赞成长假期 45% 假期集中，方便出外旅游，尽情放松；更多时间与家人一起。
取消长假期 55% 容易造成交通阻塞，甚至交通事故；人流量大，对景点保护不利；各项服务质量下降。
[写作要求] 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
[评分标准] 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
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7．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
简单描述图片内容，分析造成此现象的原因，并谈谈你的看法。
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8．请仔细观察下面的图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇短文。
内容提示：1. What can you see in the picture
2. Who do you think is right
要求：(1)短文须包括所有提示的内容，可适当发挥。
(2)短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(3)词数80个左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数)
As is vividly shown in the picture, it illustrates that two students ...
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