压轴题16 应用文写作
命题预测 分析近几年新高考应用文可知，新高考应用文写作部分体裁灵活多样，以短文（通知、倡议、报道）为主，书信（建议信、申请信、感谢信、祝贺信等信件）为辅，但考纲并未声明图表图画作文不考。 预测2024年高考对于小短文写作的考查仍是压轴考题，主要考查学生四个基本能力： 小短文 书信 图表/图画
高频考法 文字提示 图画，图表
应用文写作基本规律及解题要领
主题方面以“立德树人，五育并举”为纲，话题多样，更加开放、灵活，但内容贴近生活实际，力求真实，富有时代气息，让考生可以以结合生活经验，有话可说。
近四年新高考I&II卷命题分析
年份 体裁 主体 内容 命题形式
2023 建议信 人与社会 给外教提建议 文字提纲
2022 邀请信 人与社会 邀请外教参加访谈 文字提纲
2021 投稿 人与社会 庆祝英文报刊创刊十周年 文字提纲
2020 报道 人与社会 学校越野赛报道 文字提纲
应用文的解题技巧
四个步骤：
仔细审题
写作的前提就是审题。仔细审题，关注体裁和话题。明确写作内容要点、交际目的和写作对象，确定时态和人称。为了避免遗漏内容的要点，建议再原题上适当做标记，标记要点。
谋篇布局
应用文取得高分的关键就是严谨的逻辑、清晰的布局。三段式结构可以使阅卷老师一目了然的掌握考生的内容分布和结构布局。第一段可以开门见山描写写作目的，第二段详述写作内容。第三代提出期望或再次表达某种情感。
3. 语言灵活
根据语言形象生动的原则，对词汇和句子进行修改润色和升级，使得行文流畅，逻辑合理，语法正确。为避免句式单一，可以灵活使用高级句式，如倒装句、感叹句非谓语短语、独立主格结构，复合句、强调句等。巧妙运用过渡词也能使文章脉络分明，紧凑、自然、连贯。
4. 卷面整洁
阅卷的速度都很快，写出干净整齐的字体，可以让人眼前一亮，若能在此基础之上，达到优美和赏心悦目的效果，也是得高分的重要因素。
短文类基本思路：
体裁 首段 中间段 尾段
书信 说明写信目的或意图 提出具体建议或事由 表达期望/祝愿/期盼回复等
02 书信类
1．假定你是李华，你的英国网友David计划在他毕业旅行时到中国来亲身体验和感受中国文化，请你用英文写信向他推荐你眼中最具代表性的城市。
1.城市概况；
2.推荐原因。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear David,
I’m thrilled to hear about your plans to visit China for your graduation trip! Among the countless cities, I highly recommend Beijing, the capital of China.
Beijing, a city with a rich historical and cultural heritage, offers a unique blend of ancient and modern. Here, you can witness the majesty of the Forbidden City and the tranquility of the Summer Palace. Moreover, the lively Hutong areas provide a glimpse into traditional Beijing life.
I’m sure Beijing will leave a lasting impression on your China journey. Look forward to hearing about your adventures!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文写信向David推荐自己眼中最具代表性的中国城市。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：thrilled→excited
无数的：countless→numerous
强烈：highly→strongly
此外：moreover→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Beijing, a city with a rich historical and cultural heritage, offers a unique blend of ancient and modern.
拓展句：Beijing, which is a city with a rich historical and cultural heritage, offers a unique blend of ancient and modern.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sure Beijing will leave a lasting impression on your China journey. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Look forward to hearing about your adventures! (运用了动名词短语作宾语)
2．假如你是李华。你校计划举行以“Fly Your Dream”为主题的英语周活动。现就活动的内容、形式征集建议，请你给负责本次活动的外教Chris 写一封信，提出你的想法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Hua, a senior 3 student in our school. I feel greatly honored and excited to show my opinions on the approaching activity week with the theme of “Fly Your Dream”.
Personally, a theme class meeting, I Have A Dream, may be a good choice, offering us students a chance to share our dreams freely. Additionally, each class can recommend a representative to join in a speech contest titled “Fly Your Dream”, which will serve as an inspiration for us to dream big and fight for a better future.
I’m really expecting the coming of the significant month. Sincere gratitude for your consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Chris写一封信，为以“Fly Your Dream”为主题的英语周活动提建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
选择：choice→option
机会：chance→opportunity
此外：additionally→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, a theme class meeting, I Have A Dream, may be a good choice, offering us students a chance to share our dreams freely.
拓展句：Personally, a theme class meeting, I Have A Dream, may be a good choice, because it can offer us students a chance to share our dreams freely.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, a theme class meeting, I Have A Dream, may be a good choice, offering us students a chance to share our dreams freely. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Additionally, each class can recommend a representative to join in a speech contest titled “Fly Your Dream”, which will serve as an inspiration for us to dream big and fight for a better future. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
3．假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”，请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信， 邀请他一同体验，内容包括：
1. 位置与开放时间； 2. 室内设施（白板、投影仪等）和功能（小组讨论、项目会议等）。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 生词：设施facility 投影仪projector
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible Version 1:
Dear Michael,
Good news! Recently, a newly-furnished section, consisting of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library.
Located on the third floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 8 am till 9 pm throughout the weekdays. Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet. It’s really convenient for us to do some group projects. Why not ask our group members to go and experience it
Early reply and we can reserve one room for our project.
Yours,
Li Hua
Possible Version 2:
Dear Michael,
Since the new group room will be open soon, I would like to invite you to go there with me to experience it.
Located on the second floor of the library, the group room is available for all the students to utilize. It is said that the room will be accessible from 8 am to 8 pm on weekends. Meanwhile, it is equipped with comfortable chairs and tables, a whiteboard, and a projector, not only tailored for group discussions, project meetings, and presentations but perfect for you to study and collaborate with your classmates. I highly recommend you to try out this new facility.
Would you please come with me to have a try in this room
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生同学Michael写一封信， 邀请他一同体验校图书馆
新开设的“小组学习室”。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
包括：consist of→be comprised of
为什么不做某事？：why not do sth →why don’t you do sth
预订：reserve→book
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, a newly-furnished section, consisting of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library.
拓展句：Recently, a newly-furnished section, which consists of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Located on the third floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 8 am till 9 pm throughout the weekdays.（运用了过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet.（运用了“介词短语+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
4．假定你是李华，你在学校举办的“Adversity and Courage”英语演讲比赛中获奖，请给指导外教 Miss Morton 写一封邮件表示感谢。内容包括：
1. 感谢指导；
2. 个人感悟。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Miss Morton,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Miss Morton ,
I am writing the letter to tell you that I got a first prize in the English Speech Contest “Adversity and Courage” held in my school last Friday.
Thanks for your guide in my English .You gave me a lot of help. I was very happy when we stayed together studying. During the time when we stayed, you were kind to me. You were humorous. You taught me how to speak English fluently. I made great progress with your kind help, without which I couldn't have got the prize.
Through this activity, I deeply realized that adversity and courage can make a person better.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】这是一篇应用文。假定考生是李华，你在学校举办的“Adversity and Courage”英语演讲比赛中获奖，请给指导外教 Miss Morton 写一封邮件表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告诉：tell→inform
快乐的：happy→pleased
帮助：help→assistance
举行：hold→throw
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Thanks for your guide in my English .You gave me a lot of help.
拓展句：Thanks for your guide in my English where you gave me a lot of help.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was very happy when we stayed together studying.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】I made great progress with your kind help,without which I couldn't have got the prize.（运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句）
5．假定你是李华，你本周末将不能兑现与外教Chris一起参观某个历史名胜的承诺，请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 弥补缺憾。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m sorry I can’t go to the Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Tomb with you this Saturday morning. My uncle phoned and asked me to pick him up at the airport at 9 o’clock on Saturday morning. I have tried to find an alternative person to do it, but no other person is available.
Shall we go there on Sunday morning Please let me know whether the time is suitable for you and I am open to suggestions as well.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代替李华就本周末将不能兑现一起参观某个历史名胜的承诺给外教Chris写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打电话：phone→call
努力做某事：try to do→attempt to do
适合的：suitable→applicable
建议： suggestion→advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have tried to find an alternative person to do it, but no other person is available.
拓展句：I have tried to find an alternative person who can help me do it, but no other person is available.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I’m sorry I can’t go to the Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Tomb with you this Saturday morning.（sorry后运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Please let me know whether the time is suitable for you and I am open to suggestions as well.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）
6．假定你是李华, 你得知学校将招聘10名学生作为以“皮影戏 (shadow play)”为主题的中外文化交流活动的志愿者。请你给负责此事的外教Jessica写信申请参加该活动, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 介绍自己的优势。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jessica,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jessica,
I’m Li Hua. Learning that our school will select 10 students to be the volunteers of the cultural exchange activity between China and other countries, I’m writing to apply for the opportunity.
I’m confident that I am a right person for this activity. Firstly. I am fluent in English, which plays an important role in communicating with foreigners. Secondly, I have learned shadow plays for eight years and am capable of performing them well. What’s more, I’m outgoing and can get on well with others.
I would appreciate it if you could give me this chance.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生外教Jessica写信，申请成为以“皮影戏 (shadow play)”为主题的中外文化交流活动的志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
挑选：select→pick up
首先：firstly→to begin with
重要的：important→significant
感激：appreciate→be grateful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What’s more, I’m outgoing and can get on well with others.
拓展句：What’s more, I’m outgoing, which makes me get on well with others.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I’m confident that I am a right person for this activity.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Firstly. I am fluent in English, which plays an important role in communicating with foreigners.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
7．假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Tim设计的扫地机器人刚在全国科技大赛中获得一等奖。请你给他发一封电子邮件表示祝贺, 内容包括:
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 肯定他的努力及发明的意义；
3. 期待交流。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80词左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】
Hi Tim,
I am writing to offer my heartiest congratulations on your first prize in the National Science and Technology Competition.
Your hard work has definitely paid off, and I’m thrilled for you. Obviously, the design of your robot is unique, specially the concept of a sweeping robot in charge of house cleaning without human operation. It’s not just innovative but also time-saving. I am convinced that it will be a hit in the market.
I’m eager to learn more about your creation. Would you be up for a video call or an email exchange to dive deeper into the details I’m sure there’s a lot to discover about the inner workings of your invention!
Best regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生给Tim写一封祝贺信，祝贺他设计的扫地机器人刚在全国科技大赛中获得一等奖。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
真诚的：heartiest→sincere
激动的：thrilled→excited
相信：be convinced→believe firmly/held a firm belief
渴望：be eager→be dying/be starving
2.句式拓展：
原句：Obviously, the design of your robot is unique, specially the concept of a sweeping robot in charge of house cleaning without human operation. It’s not just innovative but also time-saving.
拓展句：Obviously, the design of your robot is unique, specially the concept of a sweeping robot in charge of house cleaning without human operation, which is not just innovative but also time-saving.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I am convinced that it will be a hit in the market.(运用了that引导宾语从句。)
【高分句型2】
I am writing to offer my heartiest congratulations on your first prize in the National Science and Technology Competition.(运用了不定式to do作目的状语。)
8．假定你是高三学生李津，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Chris写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
（1）剧情简介；
（2）指导内容；
（3）商定时间地点。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I am Li Jin, and I’m writing to ask if you could help me and my classmates in changing our text into a short play.
Our play will be based on the text “horse”. The text tells a story of a king and an artist. In the story, the king asked the artist to draw him a beautiful horse. But the artist misunderstood the king, and in the end the king forgave him because of his effort. My classmates and I are struggling with the lines of the play, as we always stumble over pronoun citations. We will have a rehearsal next Wednesday afternoon in the school hall, and I hope you can come and give us some advice.
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧，要求考生给外教Chris写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
帮助：help→assist
改编：change→adapt
要求：ask→request
因为：because of→due to
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并为复合句
原句：Our play will be based on the text “horse”. The text tells a story of a king and an artist.
拓展句：Our play, which will be based on the text titled “horse”, tells a compelling story about a king and an artist.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am Li Jin, and I’m writing to ask if you could help me and my classmates in changing our text into a short play.(if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]My classmates and I are struggling with the lines of the play, as we always stumble over pronoun citations.(as引导的原因状语从句)压轴题16 应用文写作
命题预测 分析近几年新高考应用文可知，新高考应用文写作部分体裁灵活多样，以短文（通知、倡议、报道）为主，书信（建议信、申请信、感谢信、祝贺信等信件）为辅，但考纲并未声明图表图画作文不考。 预测2024年高考对于小短文写作的考查仍是压轴考题，主要考查学生四个基本能力： 小短文 书信 图表/图画
高频考法 文字提示 图画，图表
应用文写作基本规律及解题要领
主题方面以“立德树人，五育并举”为纲，话题多样，更加开放、灵活，但内容贴近生活实际，力求真实，富有时代气息，让考生可以以结合生活经验，有话可说。
近四年新高考I&II卷命题分析
年份 体裁 主体 内容 命题形式
2023 建议信 人与社会 给外教提建议 文字提纲
2022 邀请信 人与社会 邀请外教参加访谈 文字提纲
2021 投稿 人与社会 庆祝英文报刊创刊十周年 文字提纲
2020 报道 人与社会 学校越野赛报道 文字提纲
应用文的解题技巧
四个步骤：
仔细审题
写作的前提就是审题。仔细审题，关注体裁和话题。明确写作内容要点、交际目的和写作对象，确定时态和人称。为了避免遗漏内容的要点，建议再原题上适当做标记，标记要点。
谋篇布局
应用文取得高分的关键就是严谨的逻辑、清晰的布局。三段式结构可以使阅卷老师一目了然的掌握考生的内容分布和结构布局。第一段可以开门见山描写写作目的，第二段详述写作内容。第三代提出期望或再次表达某种情感。
3. 语言灵活
根据语言形象生动的原则，对词汇和句子进行修改润色和升级，使得行文流畅，逻辑合理，语法正确。为避免句式单一，可以灵活使用高级句式，如倒装句、感叹句非谓语短语、独立主格结构，复合句、强调句等。巧妙运用过渡词也能使文章脉络分明，紧凑、自然、连贯。
4. 卷面整洁
阅卷的速度都很快，写出干净整齐的字体，可以让人眼前一亮，若能在此基础之上，达到优美和赏心悦目的效果，也是得高分的重要因素。
短文类基本思路：
体裁 首段 中间段 尾段
书信 说明写信目的或意图 提出具体建议或事由 表达期望/祝愿/期盼回复等
02 书信类
1．假定你是李华，你的英国网友David计划在他毕业旅行时到中国来亲身体验和感受中国文化，请你用英文写信向他推荐你眼中最具代表性的城市。
1.城市概况；
2.推荐原因。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
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Yours,
Li Hua
2．假如你是李华。你校计划举行以“Fly Your Dream”为主题的英语周活动。现就活动的内容、形式征集建议，请你给负责本次活动的外教Chris 写一封信，提出你的想法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3．假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”，请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信， 邀请他一同体验，内容包括：
1. 位置与开放时间； 2. 室内设施（白板、投影仪等）和功能（小组讨论、项目会议等）。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 生词：设施facility 投影仪projector
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4．假定你是李华，你在学校举办的“Adversity and Courage”英语演讲比赛中获奖，请给指导外教 Miss Morton 写一封邮件表示感谢。内容包括：
1. 感谢指导；
2. 个人感悟。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Miss Morton,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
5．假定你是李华，你本周末将不能兑现与外教Chris一起参观某个历史名胜的承诺，请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 弥补缺憾。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
6．假定你是李华, 你得知学校将招聘10名学生作为以“皮影戏 (shadow play)”为主题的中外文化交流活动的志愿者。请你给负责此事的外教Jessica写信申请参加该活动, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 介绍自己的优势。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jessica,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
7．假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Tim设计的扫地机器人刚在全国科技大赛中获得一等奖。请你给他发一封电子邮件表示祝贺, 内容包括:
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 肯定他的努力及发明的意义；
3. 期待交流。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80词左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
8．假定你是高三学生李津，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Chris写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
（1）剧情简介；
（2）指导内容；
（3）商定时间地点。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
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