中考英语二轮专题复习——阅读理解议论文篇章（20篇，含解析）

中考英语复习——阅读理解议论文篇章
一、阅读选择
1．阅读理解
Wechat is popular among us，but if someone deletes you or blocks（屏蔽）you on it，does it mean you've made him or her angry？
It depends．
Maybe you have just left messages too often without much valuable information．For example，the questions are those like‘how are u？'‘what are u doing？'‘do u love me？'too often．You know，people may feel bored after answering such kinds of questions time after time．
Another possible reason may be that you've sent something unpleasant to your friend or in your friend circle．I just blocked one of my middle school classmates yesterday because she was trying to sell fake goods in the friend circle，and I hate it quite much．
Some people delete the one's name from friends'list because they no longer want to see it （maybe ex﹣boyfriend or ex﹣girlfriend）and they don't want the one to see their"Moments"（动态） on WeChat （maybe they publish very private pictures or life or thoughts they don't want to share with him or her．）
So why you are blocked may depend on his or her mood or preference （喜好），and the reasons a person gets blocked are various from person to person．So I suggest you to write an email or make a phone call to that person if he or she really means a lot to you to see why he or she is dissatisfied with you，and to find out how you can make up for the case．
（1）From paragraph 3，we can know if you are blocked that is because ．
A．you are asking too many boring questions
B．your friend is angry
C．your friend doesn't like answering questions
D．your friend has no time to reply
（2）The underlined word"flake"in the passage probably means ．
A．令人喜爱的 B．真实的 C．完美的 D．假冒的
（3）In paragraph 5，the underlined word"it"refers to ．
A．the goods B．the name
C．the private life D．the friend circle
（4） causes of being deleted or blocked are mentioned in the passage．
A．4 B．2 C．3 D．5
（5）Which is the best title for the passage？
A．Friend Circle
B．Why Are You Blocked？
C．A Popular Way of Communication
D．How to Make Your Friend Satisfied．
2．阅读理解
Ten years ago, many people thought that the
age of the physical book(纸质书) was coming to an end. The objects that had been the companions(伙伴) of millions of readers for hundreds of
years were about to die out. Soon, we'd all be reading on little electronic screens
and laughing at the memory of places called "libraries" and "bookshops".
But it seems not true about the idea of the
death of the physical books. At least in the UK, as The Guardian noted, sales of
e-books are falling while sales of paper books are rising. More surprisingly, it's
young people who are buying the most physical books. More than 60 percent of 16-to-24-year-olds
preferred print books to e-books. The most popular reason given was: "I like
to hold the product."
Books become very personal objects to lovers
of reading. It often starts with the way they get them. Many buyers of books like
to write down their name on the inside cover when they've bought one. And we carry
books around with us everywhere.
If there's a mark made on the pages from coffee
or food, it doesn't matter. These accidents make the book – our book – even more
personal. It's as if readers of physical books make friends with them.
Of course, some could say that the devices on
which people read e-books, like Kindles and iPads are also objects that we like.
But it isn't quite the same. A Kindle, can hold as many pieces of writing as a whole
library. But a story we remember from our time turning its pages in our favourite
armchair enters our memory forever. Physical books are as valuable to some readers
as items of jewelry or photographs of family members.
This "friendship" people develop with
books isn't just about feelings. Research has shown that readers remember more information
read from physical books than electronic ones.
However, there's no doubt e-books are here to
stay. They aren't simply a "here today, gone tomorrow" thing. But it's
also certain that physical books, which have been in production since the fifteenth
century, are here to stay, too.
（1）What can be inferred from the passage
A．Physical books will soon no longer be made
B．Sales of e-books and print books are both rising．
C．Lovers of physical books are mostly old people.
D．Physical books are making a comeback in the UK.
（2）Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature of physical books
A．Readers can form a very close relationship with their books.
B．Physical books may carry readers' valuable memories.
C．Readers get more information from physical books than e-books
D．It is easier for readers to make notes on physical books.
（3）Why did the author write this article
A．To explain why physical books will not disappear soon.
B．To describe different reading tastes in the UK.
C．To explain what makes physical books personal.
D．To recommend that readers read more physical books.
3．Choose the best answer.
The students have given Miss Chan the following：
Passage 1 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland It is an interesting story
about a girl named Alice, who follows the White Rabbit down a rabbit hole and
finds herself in Wonderland. She not only finds the White Rabbit, but also meets
other animals such as the Dormouse and the Caterpillar. During her adventure,
Alice eats and drinks things that make her change in size. At last, Alice enters
a garden, where she happens to see a trial(审判). The Knave of Hearts is
accused of(被指控) stealing the Queen of Hearts' tarts (甜馅饼), while the King of Hearts is the judge. As Alice argues with the
Queen, the Queen becomes angry with Alice and orders her men to kill Alice. In
the end, Alice grows to a huge size and knocks over the playing cards. Suddenly,
Alice wakes from her dream. The classic Alice's Adventures
in Wonderland, written by Lewis Carroll, an English author, was fantastic and
entertaining. It took you to a world of fantasy. The entire storyline is so imaginative.
Alice, with her pleasant personality is attractive. It is one of the classics
needed to complete your bookshelf. Ada Lee, IA
Passage 2 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz It is an interesting story about a girl named
Dorothy, who is taken away from her home in a storm and finds herself in the Land
of Oz. Dorothy, together with her companions the Tin Woodman who wants
a heart, the Scarecrow who wants a brain and the Cowardly Lion who wants courage,
journeys in search of the wizard, in order to return home. After facing many difficulties
they successfully meet the Great Oz, who in fact is not a wizard. However, the
old man gives the Scarecrow a brain made of pins and needles, the Tin Woodman
a heart made of silk and filled with sawdust, and the Cowardly Lion a bottle of
courage. In the end, Dorothy finally gets home to where her aunt and uncle live.
They are very glad to see her safe and sound. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, written by L. Frank
Baum, is an enjoyable American classic .What I loved most were Dorothy's trustworthy
friends, who were always there when Dorothy needed help. Dorothy is also loved
by everyone for her sweetness and honesty. If you have not read it, why don't
you give yourself a treat Tony Wong, IB
（1）What is common between two stories
they are about adventures
the main characters are female
the authors were born in America
④ they are both classic
A．① and ②only B．②and ④only
C．①、②and④ D．all of the above
（2）Finally, Alice beat Queen of Heart and her playing cards by_____________.
A．arguing with the Queen B．changing her size
C．asking the White Rabbit for help D．waking from her dream
（3）The Tin Woodman finally gets __________from the Great Oz.
A．the Queen of Hearts' tarts
B．a brain made of pins and needles
C．a bottle of courage
D．a heart made of silk and filled with sawdust
（4）The underlined word "companions" in the text means __________.
A．classmates B．friends C．relatives D．enemies
（5）There are ____________ characters in the story The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.
A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7
（6）You have probably read two __________.
A．interviews B．news reports C．advertisements D．book reviews
4．阅读理解
Life comes in a package. This package includes
happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a
learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better
person. With each passing day we learn to deal with various situations.
Love plays a main role in our life. Love makes
you feel wanted. Without love a person could become cruel. In the early stage
of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care. They
teach us what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we don't always care about
it. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others'
feelings.
Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind. No
mind is happy without peace. Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one
or the failure. But all of these things will pass away.
Failure is the path to success. It helps us to
touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a special way. Success brings
in money, pride and self- respect.
Hope is what keeps life going. Hope makes us
dream. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after
every night there is a day. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright
or dull. So what we can choose is to work hard today, so that we can enjoy a
better tomorrow.
根据短文内容,选择最佳选项。
（1）We usually have to accept ____________________ if we want to be successful.
A．love B．failure C．sadness D．hope
（2）In which section can readers probably read the passage
A．Business. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Education.
（3）What does the underlined word "despair" mean in Chinese
A．颓废 B．遗憾 C．悲伤 D．绝望
（4）What is the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage
A．When choosing between "today" and "tomorrow", you'd better enjoy tomorrow.
B．If you work hard today, you will have a better life in the future.
C．What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.
D．The only choice you make is that you should enjoy a better tomorrow.
（5）What is the purpose of the passage
A．To encourage people to love each other.
B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sadness.
C．To give readers some information about life.
D．To remind people to keep having a beautiful dream.
5．阅读理解
Everybody was surprised, and Darcy, after looking at her for a moment, turned silently away.
Mrs. Benet, who thought she had a complete victory（胜利） over him,
continued her talk.
"I cannot see that London has any great advantages than the countryside, except the shops and public
places. The countryside is
more
comfortable,
isn't it, Mr.
Bingley "
"When I am in the country," he replied, "I never wish to leave it, and when I am in town it is pretty much the same. They each have their advantages, and I can be equally（同等的） happy in
either."
"Aye-that is
because you are easygoing. But
that gentleman," looking at Darcy, "seemed to
think the country was nothing at all." "Indeed, Mama, you are mistaken," said Elizabeth, stopped her
mother. "You quite
mistook Mr. Darcy. He only meant that there were not so many different
kinds of people to
be met with in the
country as in
town,
which
you
must acknowledge（承认） to be true." "Certainly, my
dear, nobody said there were; but as to not meeting with many people in this
neighborhood, I believe there are few neighborhoods larger than ours. I know we had dinner with twenty-four families." Hearing this, Mr. Bingley's sister couldn't help laughing. Elizabeth's face turned red. She stopped her
mother
and asked, "Mum, Did Charlotte have dinner with us
tonight " "No, she would go home. I guess
she was wanted. She was a little pain. For my part, Mr. Bingley,
my daughters are brought up differently and politely." "She
seems to be a very
pleasant young
woman,"
said Bingley.
"Oh! Dear, yes, but you must acknowledge that she is not beautiful. Lady Charlotte herself has
often said so, and
envied（嫉妒） my eldest daughter, Jane's beauty. I do not like to
boast（吹捧） of my own child, but to be sure, Jane—one does not often see any body better looking. It is what every body says. I do not trust my own partiality. When she was only fifteen, there was a gentleman at
my brother, Gardiner's
home in town, falling in
love with
her when seeing her for
the first eye." —(chosen from an English
novel
Pride
and Prejudice)
（1）From the first paragraph, we can learn that .
A．Darcy and Mrs. Benet ended their talk happily
B．Darcy and Mrs. Benet didn't agree with each other
C．Darcy was pleased with Mrs. Benet
D．Mrs. Benet thought Darcy beat her when talking
（2）Which of the following is NOT right
A．Elizabeth and Jane are Mrs. Benet's daughters.
B．Mrs. Benet loved her countryside very much.
C．Mrs. Benet knew much about the city.
D．Mrs. Benet thought her daughter Jane was pretty.
（3）What does the underlined word "mistook" in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese
A．犯错 B．认为 C．相信 D．误解
（4）Which word can best describe Mr. Bingley
A．Proud. B．Prejudiced（怀偏见的）.
C．Polite and easygoing. D．Rude.
6．阅读短文，选出最佳选项
In the 13th century,
Marco Polo,the world known Italian traveller, saw many wonderful things in
China. One of the things he discovered was money made of paper. People in the
West did not have such kind of money until the 15th century. However, the
Chinese began to use it in the 7th century.
Paper was invented by a
Chinese man called Cai Lun almost 2,000 years ago. But it was not made in
Europe until the year 1100. Four hundred years later, a German discovered that
he could make the best paper from trees. After that countries rich in forests,
such as Canada, Sweden, America, Finland, became the most important ones in paper
making.
Paper can be used in
many ways. The common uses include newspapers, magazines and books. But do you know
that paper can be used for keeping warm In Finland, the farmers wear paper
boots to keep their feet warm in the snow. And even houses can be insulated(使绝缘) from heat or cold with paper.
However, we have to
understand that paper still comes from trees now. If we keep on wasting so much
paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth some day in the near
future. Every day people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper in our city. It
takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting down
nearly 48,000 trees every day. The fact is that it takes more than 10 years for
a tree to grow.
So we must start saving
paper right now. We can use both sides of every piece of paper. We can make
useful things out of used paper. We can use china cups instead of paper ones.
When shopping, we can use fewer paper bags and reuse them if we have some.
In short, we should keep
a balance(平衡) between using paper and
protecting trees, and do it now before it is too late.
（1）When did the Chinese begin to use paper money
A．In the 5th century. B．In the 6th century.
C．In the 7th century. D．In the 15th century.
（2）Why did Canada become an important country in paper making
A．Because it was a large country.
B．Because it had lots of forests.
C．Because it was a very rich country.
D．Because the inventor was from Canada.
（3）In Finland, paper is used for ________.
A．making beds B．reducing waste
C．making umbrellas D．keeping warm
（4）According to the passage, how many trees are needed to make one ton of paper
A．10. B．17. C．2,800. D．48,000.
（5）Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ________.
A．how paper boots are made B．how paper was invented
C．how we can save paper D．how we can make useful things
7．阅读理解
As I grow up, I gradually know that life plays a very important role in my education I really wanted to achieve. What I mean is that life can teach you things no one else can. Luckily for you, it's time to have lessons of life. Pay attention and you can know what I call the school of life.
Use Your Head
You have to be smart to survive (生存) in this world. Anytime you need to make a move, stop and think. Obviously there will be times when you need to take action first, but if you've been taking the time to plan, you'll always make the right choice. Fail to plan, plan to fail.
Set Your Goals
In my team, if you don't finish the job well, we will fire you. Your goals should be on building a basic of solid and complete work. Make certain a list of what you have to do and start with the biggest and most difficult task. The key here is goals.
Respect Your Superiors (上级)
Your boss is in his position for a reason, no matter what you think of him. If he's not the best one, be patient—he'll be out of there soon. In the meantime, you have to respect him as your superior. That means following orders and closing your mouth. If you don't respect your boss, how will you expect the people under you to do the same
Keep Your Cool
You should never let your emotions (情绪) control you. You should learn to keep calm. Never lose your cool when dealing in business, or it will ruin the whole thing.
The school of life can be hard, but if you're smart and play your cards right, you can come out with an A+. Just treat every situation as a learning experience. I hope you've studied.
（1）From the passage, we learn that the author is probably ________.
A．a young student B．a regular customer
C．a magazine editor D．an experienced manager
（2）It can be learnt from the passage that ________.
A．you will win your life if you fail to make your plan
B．setting goals isn't important when you're doing a job
C．it will ruin the whole thing if you lose your cool
D．you can never get an A+ if you keep working hard
（3）The underlined phrase “make a move” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．移动 B．行动 C．感动 D．搬家
（4）According to the passage, what should you do if your boss isn't the best one
A．Respect him as your superior. B．Don't follow his orders.
C．Make him out of his position. D．Don't close your mouth.
（5）Which would be the best title for the passage
A．The School of Life Can Be Hard B．Learning from the School of Life
C．All of Your Favourite Education D．Hoping for a Chance to Be on Top
8．阅读理解
We all have our favorite teachers—-those who seem truly interested in us. But what about teachers we don't know as well ( or even don't like much) You can do lots of things to get a good relationship with your teacher.
First, try to be a good student: go to class on time, finish all homework on time, be active in the class and ask questions often.
Second, show an interest in the subject. Obviously, your teachers are really interested in their subjects. Showing the teacher that you care—even if you're not good at math or French—-sends the message that you are a dedicated(专注的) student.
Third, you can also often have a talk with your teacher when he is free. Use this time to get extra help, ask questions, talk about the subject, or talk about your progress in class. You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is a bit more relaxed one-on-one than when lecturing(讲课) in front of the whole class.
（1）According to the passage, which is not mentioned about a good student
A．Going to class on time. B．Finishing all homework on time.
C．Giving a gift to the teacher. D．Asking questions often.
（2）The teacher will think you are dedicated student if _________.
A．you have the class every day
B．you show an interest in the subject
C．you ask the teacher for help
D．you're not good at math or French
（3）The underlined word”one-on-one” means ________ in Chinese.
A．一个接一个 B．面对面 C．手拉手 D．肩并肩
（4）The passage mainly talks about _________.
A．how to be a good student
B．how to develop good teacher-student relationships
C．how to show an interest in the subject
D．how to have a talk with your teacher
9．These simple ways can increase(增加)your popularity and win you more friends，so why not try them
●PAYING ATTENTION TO OTHERS This will reduce any shyness you may have. You'll be more relaxed and therefore more natural and fun. And you will get more good-people will love the fact that you're paying attention to them while you don't have to worry about what people think of you.
●LOOKING PEOPLE IN THE EYE Making eye contact is very important because it shows you're interested in them. If you let your eyes wander(游移)or keep looking over their shoulders，people will feel slighted(轻视)，and they'll like you less they would otherwise.
●ASKING QUESTIONS Doing this gives you two advantages，It shows other people that you are indeed paying attention to and that you consider what they are telling you important. Being sure to follow up when you've shared a conversation with someone about something important in his / her life，be sure to ask about it later. This shows that you listen and you care.
●MAKING AN EFFORT TO SMILE A smile means acceptance，and that makes people open up to you. Make a conscious(有意识的)effort(努力)one day to smile at the people you stay or work with and watch how well they respond (作出反应)to you；
●BEING RELIABLE(可靠的)People like those who help them，and they quickly begin to hate those who don't.
（1）By fixing your attention on others，you will _______.
A．be more worried and tired B．feel more confident
C．be paid less attention to D．feel less liked
（2）When having a conversation with people，you'd better NOT _______.
A．be open up to them B．fix your eyes on them
C．ask questions about them D．look at them
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．Showing continuous care for others is highly valued.
B．Smiling at others can often be misunderstood.
C．Looking people in the eye will make them uncomfortable.
D．You don't have to continue helping others if you don't want to.
（4）Which is the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Make You More Natural
B．Trying to Be a Polite Person
C．Making as Many Friends as Possible
D．Ways to Make You More Popular
10．阅读理解
Many people want to buy the newest gadget(小玩意),
the fastest car and the most expensive watch-but are these things really worth
For some people, these things give them status(地位).
They're cool because they have a cool car, or they're better at the newest Xbox
game. Lots of people say that buying new things makes them happy. They like
having new, pretty, impressive things. The problem is that people don't stay
happy. The feeling you get when you buy something new disappears. For example, there's
a new iPhone. You stop liking your old car. Your friend has a Beats in a
different color and it's much nicer! Things get old and outdated. And
someone else always has something better.
So, what can you buy and stay happy with A
study suggests that the best thing to spend your extra(额外的)
money on is doing things like traveling, learning to cook and speak a language,
skiing or surfing. What about going to the theater, eating at a Michelin
starred restaurant or climbing a mountain
In the long term (从长远看),
people are happier with money they spend on activities than on things. You
don't remember what shoes you wore, but you remember running the marathon! When
you do new things or things you enjoy, you get life experience and memories.
You can share them with people. Even if you don't enjoy the experience, you can
learn something and often a little while later you see the good sides of it. At
least, it's a story to tell-maybe even a funny one.
So forget about designer clothes and fancy gadgets-a
new skill or experience lasts longer!
（1）The first paragraph is mainly written to _______.
A．introduce the background B．come up with the question
C．explain the reason D．give the result
（2）What does the underlined word "outdated" probably mean
A．新潮的 B．消逝的 C．显露的 D．过时的
（3）According to the study, you should _______ when you have extra money.
A．learn to cook and speak a language
B．climb a moutain and buy the fastest car
C．go to a theater and buy the designer clothes
D．buy the most expensive watch and go traveling
（4）What is the best title for the passage
A．What makes people happy B．How to spend your time
C．Follow fashionable ways of life D．Spend money on valuable things
11．阅读理解。
Have you been asked for money by some disabled beggars (乞丐) while you're enjoying shopping Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely or do you just feel afraid of their terrible shapes As one of the most special groups, disabled people's living conditions — not only their material (物质的) conditions, but their mental (精神的) world — really need improvement.
The treatment for disabled people should go like this: First, don't look down upon them. Don't be afraid of looking at the terrible shapes of the disabled. Try to treat them equally. Because they are a part of the society (社会),we can't discard (抛弃) them. The second is to help them as much as we could. If you can be a volunteer and do some work for the disabled people, that would be very nice. That does help not only to the disabled people but also to yourself because you will feel good after your kind action.
If every one of us gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful wonderland!
（1）From the passage, we can see that .
A．disabled people are poor, but they are happy
B．all disabled people ask for money from those who are shopping
C．disabled people's living conditions are not good
D．no one would like to help disabled beggars
（2）The underlined word “equally” means “ ” in Chinese.
A．平等地 B．确切地 C．正确地 D．恰当地
（3）Most disabled people are begging (乞讨) along the streets because .
A．it's their jobs
B．they want to make a living in this way
C．more and more people love to help them
D．they are a part of the society
（4）People have pity on disabled beggars because .
A．they are homeless B．they are poor and lonely
C．they have terrible shapes D．they are discarded
（5）Which of the following is TRUE
A．The disabled like to beg in the street.
B．Disabled beggars cannot work to make a living.
C．Disabled beggars are not usually treated equally.
D．The best way to help disabled beggars is to give them lots of money.
12．Psychology（心理学）tells us that many people hate to take risks. But it is good for us to take risks, especially when the risk is to achieve a desired(渴望的) result. In that way, we become stronger and braver.
Our human nature should be to take risks, but some people just sit and wish they didn't have the fear to move on. This is because they failed a few times in their lives. Please step out and don't let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. Move forward and move on! In studying the psychology of taking risks, we find that human nature provides us with the desire to experiment and take chances.
Risk taking is a great advantage that allowed our ancestors(祖先) to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories（领土）. This attitude has become a part of our modern culture. Riding a roller coaster is a common risk taking activity. Even each person seems to enjoy the risk although they have the understanding that it is dangerous. This psychological and biological (生物学的) connection creates an interesting connection between what is unsafe and what humans enjoy.
Getting in a car each day is a risk. Getting out of bed is a risk, too. We need to take risks so that we can complete many things. Astronauts take risks when they get inside a rocket(火箭); however, the things they achieve are great. Businessmen take a risk when they buy parts of a company. However, without doing that, they could not make more money.
We need to take risks so that we can gain(获得) something. It is impossible to move forward in life, earn money, enjoy a relationship, play a sport, or do anything else without taking a risk. It is all part of the game. It's one of the most important parts of life.
（1）Some people don't want to take risks, mainly because ___________.
A．they are too lazy to move on
B．they feel pleased with the present life
C．they have failed several times before
D．they show little interest in the strange world outside
（2）What does the underlined part “This attitude” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Taking risks B．Fighting off enemies
C．Discovering new territories D．Becoming stronger and stronger
（3）What can we infer from the passage
A．Daily life is full of risks.
B．The safest place has the greatest risk.
C．People should take risks when they are young.
D．We can always achieve our goals by taking risks.
（4）Businessmen take a risk in order to __________.
A．sell parts of a company B．complete many things
C．make more money D．get inside a rocket
（5）What would be the title for the passage
A．Taking risks is easier said than done
B．Risks taken by ancestors
C．Live our life to the fullest
D．No risk, no gain.
13．阅读理解
When you
make a mistake, big or small, cherish(珍惜) it like it's
the most valuable thing in the world. Because in some ways, it is.
Most of
us feel bad when we make mistakes, beat ourselves up about it, feel like failures,
get mad at ourselves.
And that's
only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad,
that we should try to avoid mistakes. We've been blamed when we make mistakes at
home, school and work. Maybe not always, but probably enough times to make feeling
bad about mistakes an unconscious(无意识的) reaction.
Yet without
mistakes, we could not learn or grow. If you think about it that way, mistakes should
be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world:
they make learning possible; they make growth and improvement possible.
By trial
and error—trying things, making mistakes, and learning from those mistakes—we have
figured out how to make electric light, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,
to fly.
Mistakes
make walking possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, make
works of talent possible.
Think
about how we learn: we don't just consume information about something and immediately
know it or know how to do it. You don't just read about painting, or writing, or
computer programming, or baking, or playing the piano, and know how to do them right
away. Instead, you get information about something, from reading or from another
person or from observing, then you make mistakes and repeat, making mistakes, learning
from those mistakes, until you've pretty much learned how to do something. That's
how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults. Mistakes are how
we learn to do something new—because if you succeed at something, it's probably
something you already knew how to do. You haven't really grown much from that success—at
most it's the last step on your journey, not the whole journey. Most of the journey
was made up of mistakes, if it's a good journey.
So if
you value learning, if you value growing and improving, then you should value mistakes.
They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.
（1）Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes
A．Because it's a natural part in our life.
B．Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.
C．Because mistakes have influenced our lives.
D．Because we've been taught so from a young age.
（2）According to the passage, what is the right attitude to mistakes
A．We should try to avoid making mistakes.
B．We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.
C．We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.
D．We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
（3）The underlined word "toddler" in Paragraph 6 probably means .
A．a small child learning to walk
B．a primary pupil learning to read
C．a school teenager learning to write
D．a kindergarten child learning to draw
（4）What is the best title of this passage
A．Value Mistakes
B．Mistakes Make Things Possible
C．Try to Avoid Mistakes
D．Life is a Journey Full of Mistakes
14．阅读理解
D
“Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person's life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” Mason, a volunteer said.
National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity (机会) to encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organization's expectations (期望). Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.
The following tips can help if you have some of these worries.
★Start out slowly, don't add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone's life.
★Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.
★Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.
★Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organization's expectations.
★Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.
★Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. If one experience doesn't work, don't give up and you'll surely find the right opportunity.
Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people's lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “…little things can change a person's life.”
（1）Volunteering can help _________.
A．make a decision B．see the world clearly
C．thank other people D．make person's life better
（2）What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step
A．They don't have enough time.
B．They are prevented by their families.
C．They fear that their abilities are shared.
D．They don't expect to become volunteers.
（3）Which of the following can help people take the first step
A．Start out quickly.
B．Organize a training meeting.
C．Invite a friend to be with them.
D．Join in a group with different values.
（4）The underlined word “veteran” in the passage means “ _________ ”.
A．polite B．humorous C．young D．experienced
（5）What is the main idea of the passage
A．To tell people to make changes in their lives.
B．To encourage people to start their volunteering.
C．How to make great achievements in volunteering.
D．How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.
15．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored
Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored to that they can develop their ability to be creative.
Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.
Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped here in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things todo, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling here time with short stories and poems she made up.
Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.
Dr. Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning. “Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling,” she said. “But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively. So sometimes they may break a classroom window, or drive a car out for a mad race.”
Usually, when children have nothing to do, they would turn on the TV, the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them.
It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination. On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativity. “For developing the ability to be creative,” Dr. Belton advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”
（1）What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Slow down. B．Keep up with. C．Go beyond. D．Give rise to.
（2）The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .
A．stress the great differences between them
B．introduce a popular writer and a famous artist
C．suggest good ways of going through boredom
D．show effects of boredom on developing creativity
（3）What can we learn from the passage
A．Boredom provides children with space to think freely.
B．It's much better for children to be busy than be bored.
C．Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly.
D．It's boring for children to think about their experiences.
16．阅读理解。
Mark began to introduce the guest speaker to the listeners， but then stopped for a while. He had forgotten her name.
Barbara hid her valuable things when she went on vacation. When she came back， she couldn't remember where she'd put them.
Perhaps you've had such experiences like these. Most people have. But most of them haven't realized that they have a memory problem. Neither do they know a simple but important fact: Memorycan be improved. If you'll just accept that， the following will show you how.
First， relax. If you are over worried about remembering something， you'll forget it. If you keep telling yourself that your memory is bad， your mind will come to believe it and you won'tremember things. When you forget something， don't follow up with sayings like “Oh， my God! Ialways forget things!” Such words will have a bad result on you and your memory.
But relaxing isn't enough. To improve your memory， you'll need to take an active role. Like your body， your memory can be made strong through exercise. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory. For example， if you're learning a language， try to actively remember a lot of newwords.
If you don't take notice of things actively， you won't remember them. So， you can make pictures of what you see in your mind every day. For example， don't just put your keys down! If you want to find them again， make a mind picture of the place where you're putting them.
（1）The first two paragraphs just tell us ________.
A．Barbara was a very rich person
B．Mark often forgot his friends' names
C．examples of memory problems
D．language problems of two persons
（2）When you forget things， you ________.
A．must be too careless
B．shouldn't lose heart about your memory
C．must accept the fact
D．shouldn't take notice of the result
（3）The word “opportunities” in the fifth paragraph means “________”.
A．places B．activities C．positions D．chances
（4）According to the passage， ________ can make your memory better.
A．realizing your memory problems
B．talking to your friends
C．making mind pictures of what you see
D．doing sports every day
17．阅读短文，回答问题
话题 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时
学习生活 议论文 236 ★★★ 6分钟
Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around. So, more and more teachers are letting students have a ball. By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs, teachers find students' posture (姿势) and attention improve.
Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA, has been using balls as chairs since December 2008. “The students love them”, she says. Pownall took a survey of her students. She found that 80% of the students thought sitting on the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning.
The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strong about the use of balls as chairs that she started WittFit. This company encourages the use of the balls. And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them. “Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puerto Rico (波多黎各) and Japan, ” says Witt. “Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter. You can slouch (低头垂肩地坐) on a ball, ” says Witt, “but it feels awful. ” Because when the students are moving, their blood (血液) increases. That carries more oxygen (氧气) to the brain (大脑), so the kids have more energy and can focus longer.
“Furthermore, they're fun. ” says Pownall.
（1）What will happen if a student sits on a chair all day in school The student will _______.
A．pay more attention to his lessons B．be fun
C．like to move around D．sit up straighter
（2）How long has Dottie Pownall used the balls
A．Since December 2008.
B．For only one year.
C．In 2008.
D．Since she was a fifth-grade teacher.
（3）In how many countries are the balls used as the students' chairs
A．Four. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.
（4）Teachers choose balls instead of chairs because sitting on balls helps the kids _______.
A．improve their posture and attention B．slouch on the chairs
C．have fun D．Both A and C are correct answers
（5）Which is better for kids to study in class, sitting on a chair or sitting on a ball
A．Sitting on a chair. B．Sitting on a ball.
C．They are the same. D．We don't know.
18．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
"Good evening, everyone. As we celebrate International Dog Day, I wanted to focus on a specific type of dog that is perhaps the most misunderstood breed in the world—the pit bull. It makes me unhappy that public opinion about pit bulls is that they are extremely dangerous. If a pit bull is that meaning, that's only as a result of being taught to fight other dogs to the death in dogfights. The truth is that a pit bull is very faithful and loving.
"A pit bull is a cross between a terrier and a bulldog. That's why their coloring can be different from one dog to the next. Pit bulls all have short fur. They came over to the U.S. from Britain with their immigrant farming families. Pit bulls guarded the cows, sheep and family from thieves. They were beloved members of the family because they were so faithful and loving. They were also very strong, especially their jaws.
"Unfortunately, bad men turned a good thing into a bad thing. Since these dogs will do anything to please their masters, it was easy for these men to teach the dogs to be killers. Dogs fought other dogs in fenced "pits". Dog fighting became illegal(非法的) in the U.S. in 1875, but it still goes on. Today, pit bulls continue to be farm dogs, but they are also trained as police dogs, search dogs and of course they make great pets!
"I have a pit bull myself. Piper is the friendliest dog you'll ever meet. He sleeps next to me at night. Even though he is an adult dog now, he still acts like a puppy sometimes. He would never bite me or anyone else! With proper and loving training, pit bulls are the best pets ever!"
（1）What is the meaning of "breed" in Paragraph 1
A．A specific type of dog. B．Public opinion about dogs.
C．Dangerous dogs. D．Farm dogs.
（2）Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A letter. B．A speech.
C．An advertisement. D．A report.
（3）When was dog fighting made illegal in the U.S.
A．In the 18th century.
B．In the 19th century.
C．In the 20th century.
D．Never, dogfights still happen today.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage about pit bulls
A．To explain how much the woman loves her dog.
B．To argue that pit bulls are not dangerous.
C．To help pet shops to sell more pit bulls.
D．To describe the history of pit bulls in the U.S.
19．阅读理解
Lots
of people are afraid of speaking in public. According to a study, there are 3
of every 4 people having such a problem. The conclusion is a bit surprising and
worrying, as most jobs require some speaking ability. The following will help
you to make a speech better.
Write
note cards. Write main ideas on your cards. You needn't write details. Just put
in some fun facts, questions, and other activities on the cards to share with
the class. You needn't look at your cards for a long time while speaking. Only
have a quick look at the card for information instead of reading every last
word if necessary.
Smile
at your class. When it's time to speak, a good old-fashioned smile is the best
to draw your class into your speech. Be happy, because you're about to teach
your class something they don't know before. Studies have shown that smiles are
infectious. That means once you smile, it's hard for everyone else not to
smile. So if you want your speech to go off well, smile. That will make
everyone smile and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile.
Make
eyes contact. It's so boring to listen to a speaker who looks at the floor or
at note cards. Relax. Your class is made up of your friends and you talk to them
all the time. Talk the same way now. Have a look at every person in the
classroom at least once. That way, everyone will feel like you're communicating
with them. Also, you'll look like you know what you are talking about.
Use hand motions. Move you hand along as you
talk, using them to express your key points and keep the class interested. It
will also lead your nervous energy into a better place.
（1）According to the passage, of people are afraid of speaking in public.
A．25% B．50% C．100% D．75%
（2）The words "smiles are infectious" means .
A．smiles is a kind of illness
B．smiles keep people fit
C．your smiles can make others warm and want to smile too
D．it's hard to make others smile
（3）Which is the right picture to the last paragraph
A． B．
C． D．
（4）The passage mainly talks about .
A．a boy's speech in class B．how to note cards
C．the fear of public speaking D．how to make a speech better
20．阅读短文，选择最佳答案。
Here is
a story: A man sees a butterfly(蝴蝶). The butterfly
tries to get out of its chrysalis(蛹). Feeling sorry for
it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily.
Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn't struggle(挣扎；奋斗) to leave the chrysalis, it can't fly! The struggle develops the energy
in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out
the best in young people and make the fly.
When people are young,
meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life.
When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people
who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermarkets,
used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young.
Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father's
death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people.
He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are
leading successful lives.
Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because
we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people
to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide
them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However,
just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome
challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries
to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to
meet challenges and overcome them.
（1）From the story we know that the butterfly can't fly because ________.
A．it gets out by itself B．the man feels sorry for it
C．it tries to challenge itself D．the man helps it come out
（2）Dennis's example shows that successful people should ________.
A．overcome the difficulties B．take up business early
C．become the leaders of tomorrow D．sell clothes from door to door
（3）The meaning of the underlined word "mature" in the passage is "________".
A．wake up B．give up C．grow up D．bring up
（4）What is the writer trying to do in this passage
A．Describe where a butterfly comes from.
B．Encourage young people to face challenges.
C．Suggest how to become a successful businessman.
D．Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.
（5）What is the best title for this passage
A．Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement
B．Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively
C．Countries Should Continue to Become Successful
D．Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍的是微信好友删除的原因，主要介绍了三种原因：一个是因为发了太多无聊的消息，使得对方比较厌烦；第二个原因是发了太多的广告；第三个是自己的原因，他不想让别人看到自己的微信动态。
（1）推理判断题。根据短文中的句子You know，people may feel bored after answering such kinds of questions time after time 可知如果长时间回答许多无聊的问题，人们会厌烦，故答案为A。
（2）词义猜测题。根据短文中的句子I hate it quite much非常讨厌这些，因为是讨厌，所以应该是不好的东西，由此确定是假冒的，故答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。根据短文中的句子they don't want the one to see their"Moments"（动态） on WeChat"可知是不希望对方看见自己微信上的动态，也就是不希望对方看自己的朋友圈，故答案为D。
（4）推理判断题。文中主要介绍的是微信删除好友的原因，分别在第3，4，5段，分别介绍的是发太多无聊的消息，发广告以及不想让对方看见自己的朋友圈，故答案为C。
（5）主旨归纳题。根据短文内容和句子if someone deletes you or blocks（屏蔽）you on it，does it mean you've made him or her angry？It depends可知如果你的微信好友删除了你，是不是因为生气了呢？那可能视情况而定，而后介绍了几种删除好友的原因，故答案为B。
【点评】考查议论文阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
2．【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人认为现在有了电子书，人们通常阅读的纸质书可能就会消失了，但作者告诉我们这可能不是真的，电子书和纸质书都会继续存在下去。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文第二段中At least in the UK, as The Guardian noted, sales of e-books are falling while sales of paper books are rising.可知，在英国电子书的销量下降了，而纸质书的销量上升了，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文中It's as if readers of physical books make friends with them.、But a story we remember from our time turning its pages in our favourite armchair enters our memory forever、Research has shown that readers remember more information read from physical books than electronic ones.可知A、B和C三项的内容都在短文中提到了，D没有提到，故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。短文开头Ten years ago, many people thought that the age of the physical book(纸质书) was coming to an end. The objects that had been the companions(伙伴) of millions of readers for hundreds of years were about to die out. 提到了很多人的这种观点"纸质书可能要消失了"；然后在第二段的开头But it seems not true about the idea of the death of the physical books.作者说明这可能不是真的，下文对作者的观点进行了阐述，A选项"解释为什么纸质书不会消失的原因"，符合文意，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）D
（6）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》和《绿野仙踪》的书评。
（1）细节理解题。第一，passage 1 文章标题就可看出是关于冒险的经历，passage 2 "They are very glad to see her safe and sound"可知也是具有冒险性的故事。第二，passage 1 "It is an interesting story about a girl named Alice" 和passage 2 "It is an interesting story about a girl named Dorothy" 可知主人公都是女孩。第三，passage 1"It is one of the classics needed to complete your bookshelf"和passage 1"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, written by L. Frank Baum, is an enjoyable American classic"可知二者都是classic作品。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据passage 1 In the end, Alice grows to a huge size and knocks over the playing cards.可知最后Alice变大了，然后把扑克牌打倒。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据passage 2 "However, the old man gives the Scarecrow a brain made of pins and needles, the Tin Woodman a heart made of silk and filled with sawdust"可知老人给铁皮人一个丝绸和锯末做成的心脏。故选B。
（4）词意猜测题。根据passage 2"What I loved most were Dorothy's trustworthy friends, who were always there when Dorothy needed help"可知这些人是Dorothy的值得信任的朋友。可知companions在此是朋友，伙伴的意思，故选B。
（5）细节理解题。根据passage 2 可知人物有Dorothy, three friends of Dorothy, Dorothy's aunt and uncle共七人。故选D。
（6）推理判断题。interviews 面试，采访；news reports 新闻报道advertisements 广告；book reviews 书评。根据两篇文章的结构——刚开始记叙故事大意，然后介绍作者，之后写出书中哪些比较吸引我。因此可推断这两篇为书评。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。对于细节理解题，我们可直接从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系推理判断。推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包含推理和判断。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及食物的发展等一直信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。
4．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者给我们的一些人生的建议。
（1）细节理解题。根据Failure is the path to success，可知要成功就要接受失败，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。通过通读全文，Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to deal with various situations，可知这篇文章是教育类的，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据even in the darkest hour，可知是甚至在最黑暗的时刻都不要绝望，despair绝望，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据So what we can choose is to work hard today, so that we can enjoy a better tomorrow，可知最后一句告诉我们如果今天努力，未来会有更好的生活，故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。通过通读全文，可知是关于作者给我们的一些人生方面的建议，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包括细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题，注意先略读文章掌握大意，再通过题目中的关键词到文章找到相关内容进行判断。
5．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了傲慢与偏见中的一段，宾利和达西和班纳特夫人以及对农村和城市的不同看法。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Everybody was surprised, and Darcy, after looking at her for a moment, turned silently away.可知Darcy和Mrs Benet的观点不一致，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 I cannot see that London has any great advantages than the countryside, except the shops and public places. 可知Benet夫人对农村了解得很多，而不是城市，故选C。
（3）词义推测题。根据 Indeed, Mama, you are mistaken, 可知mistook相当于be mistaken，意思是弄错，误解，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据 "When I am in the country," he replied, "I never wish to leave it, and when I am in town it is pretty much the same. They each have their advantages, and I can be equally（同等的） happy in either." 以及 "She seems to be a very pleasant young woman," said Bingley. 可以看出宾利是一个礼貌的，随和的人，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后带着问题认真阅读，在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意理清人物的关系。
6．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：从纸的发明以及用途，告诉我们应该节约用纸，保持造纸和保护树木的平衡。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 However, the Chinese began to use it in the 7th century. 可知，中国人在7世纪开始使用纸钱。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句 After that countries rich in forests, such as Canada, Sweden, America, Finland, became the most important ones in paper making. 可知，加拿大成为重要的造纸大国是因为它有很多森林资源，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句 In Finland, the farmers wear paper boots to keep their feet warm in the snow. 可知，在芬兰，纸是用来保暖的，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章第四段倒数第三句 It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. 可知，做一吨纸需要17棵树。故选B。
（5）主旨题。根据文章第五段第一句 So we must start saving paper right now. 可知，作者呼吁我们必须立即开始节约用纸，接着连用了四个“we can”来阐述怎样做才能节约用纸，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。
7．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了长大后渐渐的知道了生活在教育当中扮演着一个非常重要的角色，可以教你一些没有人可以教你的东西，比如：动脑、设定你的目标、尊重你的上级和保持冷静等。应该学会对待学校生活像学习经验一样。
（1）推理判断题。通过对整篇文章内容的理解，可以猜测出作者是一名有经验的管理者。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中倒数第二段Never lose your cool when dealing in business, or it will ruin the whole thing.可知选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据对文中第二段Obviously there will be times when you need to take action first理解，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据对文中倒数第三段If he's not the best one, be patient—he'll be out of there soon.的理解可知选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章的主旨大意的理解，故选B。
【点评】在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息，先易后难。本题主要考查的是细节题，做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，再通过略读快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。
8．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文叙述了如何和老师的关系相处融洽，提出了几条建议：第一要努力做一名好学生。第二显示对该科的浓厚的兴趣。第三当老师有空的时候，经常和老师交流。
（1）细节理解题。根据go to class on time, finish all homework on time, be active in the class and ask questions often.可知，按时上课，按时完成作业，在课堂上积极回答老师问题，经常问老师问题，没有提到给老师一个礼物，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Second, show an interest in the subject.可知，要表现出对科目感兴趣，这就表明了你是一个专注的学生。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据You may be surprised to learn 及when lecturing(讲课) in front of the whole class.可知，你感到吃惊老师在全班同学面前会感到紧张。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据You can do lots of things to get a good relationship with your teacher.可知，这篇短文叙述的是如何发展好学生与老师之间的关系，故选B。
【点评】寻找文章中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句，这是找准文章主题大意的关键。主题句是文章的核心，它往往是一个有很强概括性和代表性的句子。找到了文章的主题句，文章的中心思想也就显而易见了。但是由于文章表现手法各不相同，主题句出现的位置也不尽相同。在多数情况下，尤其在说明文和议论文中，主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种：开头、文中和文末。解题时，我们通常采用浏览的方式，仔细选读文章的首尾段和首尾句（包括每一段的首尾句），重点搜索主题线索和脉络。这篇文章的主题句在第一段的最后。
9．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】
（1）根据PAYING ATTENTION TO OTHERS这一段可知通过注意他人可以让你感到自信,故选B.
（2）四个选项分别表示对他们开放/盯着着他们/问他们问题和看着他们,通过LOOKING PEOPLE IN THE EYE这一段可知选项D最符合题意.故选D
（3）PAYING ATTENTION TO OTHERS，LOOKING PEOPLE IN THE EYE，ASKING QUESTIONS Doing，MAKING AN EFFORT TO SMILE 这几段都是描述如何关注别人，因此选项A最符合题意，表现出对别人持续的关注很有价值。故选A
（4）这篇对短文通过说明如何通过关注别人来获得他人的赏识，最终还是让自己受欢迎，因此选D，让你更受欢迎的方法。
10．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了不同的人有不同的消费观，作者认为应把钱花在有意义的事上。
（1）细节理解题。根据but are these things really worth？可知第一段的作用是提出问题，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据get old和And someone else always has something better，可知outdated意为过时的，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据A study suggests that the best thing to spend your extra(额外的) money on is doing things like traveling, learning to cook and speak a language, skiing or surfing，可知有额外的钱时，应该旅行、学习做饭、讲一门语言等，故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据In the long term， people are happier with money they spend on activities than on things及最后一段可知文章主旨为把钱花在有价值的事上，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意看清题目和选项，去文章找到相应的关键信息。
11．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲述如何对待残疾人乞讨问题。文章介绍，残疾人是一个特殊的群体，他们的生活条件切实需要得到提高。文章还着重介绍了我们应该如何对待残疾人。
（1）推理性题目。根据短disabled people's living conditions — not only their material (物质的) conditions, but their mental (精神的) world — really need improvement.的描述可知，残疾人的生活条件不好，有待提高。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据—don't look down upon them. Don't be afraid of looking at the terrible shapes of the disabled. 和— they are a part of the society (社会),we can't discard (抛弃) them的描述可推知，equally意为“平等的”。故选A。
（3）推理性题目。联系上下文可知，多数残疾人都会沿街乞讨，目的是为了生存。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据短文第一段Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely的描述可知，人们可怜残疾人是因为他们既贫穷又孤独。故选B。
（5）细节理解题。根据短文描述，选项A、B、D不符合文章内容，结合短文Try to treat them equally的描述可知，残疾人通常受到不平等的对待。故选C。
【点评】本题考查议论文阅读。要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题思想，标题或目的。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论、结局等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内含的信息。
12．【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】
（1）根据This is because they failed a few times in their lives.可知选C。
（2）根据By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories（领土）. This attitude has 可知选A。
（3）根据短文最后一段描述可知日常生活充满了风险，故选A。
（4）根据Businessmen take a risk when they buy parts of a company.可知选C。
（5）根据短文描述可知本文主要是介绍了风险与回报关系，故选D，没有风险，就没有收获。
13．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了当你犯了一个大大小小的错误，珍惜它，就像它是世界上最有价值的东西一样。
（1）细节题。根据And that's only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad, that we should try to avoid mistakes.可知这是很自然的：我们大多数人从小就被教导错误是不好的，我们应该尽量避免错误，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed at something, it's probably something you already knew how to do.可知错误是我们学习做新事情的方式，因为如果你在某件事上成功了，那可能是你已经知道怎么做的事情，故选B。
（3）推断题。根据Mistakes make walking possible可知让走路成为可能，所以toddler意思是学习走路的小孩，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了要珍惜错误，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本篇文章是一篇议论文。通过阐述参加志愿者活动的益处以及如何帮助人们消除对参加志愿者活动的顾虑从而鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“You see how little things can change a person's life for the better ”可知。学生在选题时容易受到第一句的影响误选B.但如果仔细看后面的句子不难选出正确答案。做题时务必控制答题速度。故答案选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities”可知是没有时间。故答案选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段后面★标注的几条建议，我们可以逐一排除错误选项。根据第五条建议中提到的 “Invite a friend or family member to serve”可知Invite a friend to be with them.是对的。故答案选C。
（4）词义推断题。根据下划线单词 “Veteran”后面的句子“He volunteered a lot”说明他参加了很多活动，也就是经验丰富的意思。故答案选D。
（5）主旨大意题。通过最后一段第一句和最后一句“Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people's lives”“...little things can change a person's life”说明参加志愿者活动的好处。可以推测出作者是要鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。故答案选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
15．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了孩子需要时间发呆，他们应该被允许感到无聊，那样他们才可以发展创造力。
（1）词义猜测题。根据第二段的However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.可知while前后进行对比，后半句表示无聊可以给他们开发创造的机会，也就是会促进他们的发展，故while前表示减慢他们的发展。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段的Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped here in developing her mind.和第四段的He became creative, because he could think freely.可知无聊在发展创造力方面的影响。故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。本文主要介绍无聊给孩子提供了自由思考的空间，故选A