2024届高考英语语法专题突破 并列句和状语从句课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
第一讲　并列句和状语从句
考点突破 · 精讲即练
考点一　并列句的用法
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。
并列连词 用法 例句
and, not only...but (also)．..， both...and...等 表并列、顺承或递进关系 There the air is clean and the mountains are green.
那里空气清新，千山一碧。
并列连词 用法 例句
but, yet， whereas等 表转折关系 The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有气馁，很快便像以前一样充满热情。
并列连词 用法 例句
or, either ...or...，not...but...等 表选择关系 Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.
要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。
for, so 表因果关系(for连接的分句一般不能放在句首，往往表示一种附带的解释、说明或推断) The leaves of the trees are falling, for it's already autumn.
树叶在飘落，因为秋天已经到了。
并列连词 用法 例句
and, or 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中 You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.
你必须让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。
while 作并列连词，强调两种情况的对比 I like black coffee, while he prefers it with milk.
我爱喝不加牛奶的咖啡，而他更喜欢喝加牛奶的。
【点津】
when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时，突然……”，常用于下列句式：sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when ...(某人正要做某事，突然……)；sb. be doing sth. when ...(某人正在做某事，突然……); sb. had (just) done sth. when...(某人刚做完某事，突然……)。
He was about to go out when the telephone rang.
他正要出去，这时电话铃响了。
He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.
他刚写完一篇报告，突然老板就让他打一封信件。
即时演练(一)
单句语法填空
1．The spare room can be designed as an excellent entertainment center, a playroom, ____ a large home office.
2．Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind, _____ training them is an expensive and long process.
3．Mo Yan was absorbed in writing his novel _____ didn't look up when the reporter came in.
or
but
and
4．Another hour _____ we will complete the task sent to us.
5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop _____ to see the pandas settle into their new home.
and
and
考点二　状语从句
对比记忆9大状语从句
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
时间状语从句 when, while, as, before，after, since，until, the moment等 ①When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine. ②I will tell him the news the moment he comes. 一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
地点状语从句 where, wherever等 ①Where there is a will, there is a way. ②We are always welcome wherever we go. 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, once, on condition that, in case等 ①You should go to school unless you are seriously ill. ②He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
原因状语 从句 because, since, as， now (that)等 ①He didn't go to school because he was ill. ②As he is a League member, he takes the lead in everything in his class. ①because语气最强，用来说明人们所不知道的原因，回答why提出的问题；since次之，as最弱；
②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，用来说明比较明显的原因
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
让步状语从句 although, though，while, as， even if/ though, whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how等 ①Although he is a child, he knows a lot. ②Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work. ③I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am. ①当用though或 although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but；
②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
结果状语 从句 so...that...， such...that..， so that等 ①He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. ②It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times. ③I got up late so that I missed the early bus. 在so ... that ... 和such ... that ... 结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词短语
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
方式状语从句 as, just as, as if, as though等 ①We should work and study as he did. ②They talked as if they had been friends for years. as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
比较状语从句 as...as， not so...as， 比较级＋than等 ①He works as hard as everyone else (does) in the class. ②He is taller than any other student in our school. 可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词
项目 连接词 例句 注意事项
目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case等 ①She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university. ②Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain. 从句中常用may, might,
can, could，
should等情态动词
即时演练(二)
单句语法填空
1．Though it is 5 years _______ he retired from his workplace, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.
2．Feeling fearful is healthy _________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
since
because
3. Leave your key with your neighbour ____ case you lock yourself out one day.
4．There'll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems of our environment will get even worse, ________ we do something now.
in
unless
集训夯基 · 素养提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn't work, _____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
解析：考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn't work”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
but
2．(2023·浙江1月卷)During China's dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing _____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
解析： 考查连词。根据句子结构和句意可知，本句主语为emperors，planned 和 arranged 作并列谓语，且设空前后在语义上为并列关系，因此空白处应用and来连接。故填and。
and
3．(2023· 新高考Ⅰ卷)To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出)，____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
解析： 考查连词。whether...or...“是……还是……”，为固定搭配。故填or。
or
4．(2022· 新高考Ⅱ卷)He hung on for a few minutes _____screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
解析： 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，设空处连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
and
5．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _____cultural exchanges.
解析： 考查连词。根据语境可知，international cooperation和cultural exchanges之间为并列关系，应使用and连接。故填and。
and
6．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
解析： 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，highlights与offers之间为并列关系，都作it的谓语，应使用and连接。故填and。
and
7．(2021·全国甲卷)We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old and shaky _____did the job.
解析： 考查连词。did the job和My bike was old and shaky之间是转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
8．(2021·浙江卷)Although Mary loved flowers, _________she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
解析： 考查连词。根据语境和空后的nor可知，此处是固定句式neither ... nor ...，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
but
neither
9．(2022·全国甲卷)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, _____ they are important in various countries.
解析：考查并列连词。句意：这些文化饮食礼仪规则中的一些可能看起来随意而奇怪，但它们在不同的国家都很重要。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，根据句意，此处表示转折关系。故填but。
but
10．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove，I waited patiently ____________ the oil was hot.
解析：考查连词。句意：之后，我把油倒进锅里，打开炉子，耐心地等待，直到油变热。根据句意和句子结构应用until/till。故填until/till。
11．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces _____ put them aside.
解析：考查连词。句意：首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列关系，应使用and连接。故填and。
until/till
and
12．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Actually，I started to learn kungfu when I was seven years old，_________ I have long been out of practice.
解析：考查连词。分析句子可知，此处前句提到“我7岁开始学功夫”，后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故填but/yet。
but/yet
13．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)They kept their collection at home until it got too big ____ until they died，and then it was given to a museum.
解析：考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏量变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两个可能性，应使用连词or。故填or。
or
14．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)_________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist，they smiled and pointed down the river.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
When/As
15．(全国Ⅱ卷)When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal _____ decided to be a doctor.
解析：考查连词。句意：在高中学化学的时候，我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定成为一名医生。 “重新考虑”与“决定成为一名医生”之间是顺承关系。故填and。
16．(全国Ⅰ卷)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me _____ almost hit me.
解析：考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系。故填and。
and
and
17．(天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据句意可知填unless。故填unless。
unless
18．(北京卷)____ we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。此处应该用if引导条件状语从句。句首单词首字母大写。故填If。
19．(天津卷)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ____ that they get sweet enough to be eaten.
解析：考查状语从句。so that意为“以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句，符合语境。故填so。
If
so
20．(北京卷)If you don't understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people ____________ you figure it out.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与他人探讨，直到弄清楚。until/till“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填until/till。
until/till
Ⅱ.语法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners_________ come to China cook much less ________ in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.I still remember ____________(visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked ________ I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
1.who/that
2.than
3.visiting
4.when
_______________________ regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years，it's not without a cost.The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be affordable _______ doing this most days adds up.There could be an even __________(high) cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.
5.While/Though/Although
6.but
7.higher
______ you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home _______ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health ________ in your pocket.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开销。
8.If
9.for
10.but
解析：
1．考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用who或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
2．考查介词。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。根据句意可知，此处为比较级。故填than。
3．考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.记得做过某事。故填visiting。
4．考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。故填when。
5．考查连词。句意：近年来，尽管经常出去吃饭对很多年轻人来说似乎已经很普遍了，但这并不是没有代价的。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”；句首单词首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。
6．考查连词。句意：最明显的问题是钱；每周出去吃一两次饭可能负担得起，但大多数时候都这样做负担会加重。前后语义为转折关系。故填but。
7．考查形容词比较级。“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。even higher更高。故填higher。
8．考查状语从句。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。故填If。
9．考查介词。go to your mum's home for dinner去你妈妈家吃饭。for表示目的，意为“为了要；为了得到”。故填for。
10．考查连词。not only...but also...不但……而且……，为固定搭配，also可省略。故填but。
Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意连接词的运用)
Dear Peter,
Glad to hear from you 1._____________________________________ (欢迎你七月份来中国)．I'm greatly willing to introduce some significant Chinese customs to you.
and you're welcome to China in July
Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going ” or “Are you busy ” to express our care.Secondly, 2.___________________________________________________________________________ (当受到表扬时，我们回答“哦，不！”或者“过奖了”来表现出礼貌)．Additionally, 3._______________________________________
____________________________________________________________(当收到礼物时，我们通常会说“没必要”，也会说“谢谢”以示礼貌，然后把它收起来)．Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses 4.__________________________________________ (当我们为某人的健康或成功而喝酒时) to show that we're warm.
when praised, we reply with “Oh, no！” or “I'm flattered.” to show
good manners
when receiving a gift, we usually say “It's unnecessary.”as well as “Thanks.”to show politeness and then put it away
when drinking to someone's health or success
Anyhow, different cultures, different customs.5.____________________
______________________________________________(如果你入乡随俗，你会在这里享受更多的时光).
I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a pleasant journey.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
If you do as the Romans
do when in Rome, you'll enjoy more of your stay here