人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures知识点课件(共100张PPT)
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UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
(主题语境：人与社会——文化交流)
晨背短文 语境记词
I have studied for business qualifications at Peking University for one year.I recall that faced with complex surroundings and dramatic changes, I suffered from tremendous pressure and overwhelming homesickness, which made me depressed in the beginning.But being an ambitious，optimistic and mature student, I managed to motivate myself to step out of my comfort zone.I grasped every chance to speak up and offer logical presentations in class, enabling myself to become competent.I engaged in the Literature Club to strengthen my literary outlook on life.I got involved in the Basketball Association so that I could learn to cooperate with others.I participated in
some other meaningful activities and I benefited much from the participation. There is no denying that all of them could make me see things from different angles and have more reasonable insights into daily affairs.As far as I'm concerned, exposed to the surrounding settings，I gradually felt at home. Just as the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” Now I can behave perfectly at university.Furthermore, because I was on a tight budget，I took up a position as a tutor to cover my daily expenses and tuition fees, which cost an arm and a leg.Now my ambition is to become an advisor for exchange students to broaden my global perspective and improve my competence.
Among so many applicants，I believe that I am qualified for the job because I have firm determination.Whatever the outcome is, I'll sincerely side with the school's decision.In summary，now I am confident in my expectation of setting up my own firm in the future.
必备知识 巧记活用
阅读词汇会认
1．tutor n. _____________________________________
2．cite vt. __________________
3．messenger n. ___________________
4．culture shock ________________
5．zone n. __________________________________
6．setting n. __________________________________
7．tremendous adj. _____________________
(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师
引用；引述
送信人；信使
文化冲击
(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域
环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景
巨大的；极大的
8．mature adj. ____________
9．boom vi.& n. __________________
10．perspective n. _________________________
11．envoy n. ___________________
12．outlook n. ________________________
13．belt n. _______________
14．initiative n. ________________
15．the Belt and Road Initiative _____________________
成熟的
迅速发展；繁荣
(思考问题的)角度；观点
使者；使节；代表
前景；可能性；观点
腰带；地带
倡议；新方案
“一带一路”倡议
重点词汇会写
1．_____________ adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的
2．___________ vt.& vi.记起；回想起
3．__________ n．公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的，坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的
4．____________ n．洞察力；眼光
5．__________ vt.理解；领会；抓紧
6．____________ n．费用；花费；开销
7．__________ vt.否认；否定；拒绝
complex
recall
firm
insight
grasp
expense
deny
8．__________ vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加
9．____________ n．角；角度；立场
10．____________ adv.真诚地；诚实地
11．_____________ n．预算
12．_____________ n．结果；效果
gain
angle
sincerely
budget
outcome
拓展词汇会变
1．____________________ n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→____________ vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→ ______________ adj.有资格的；称职的
2．__________ n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→____________ adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．___________________ n．适应；改编本→_______ vt.(使)适应；改编
qualification
qualify
qualified
ambition
ambition
adaptation
adapt
4．_______________ n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→_____________________ adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→___________________ adj.不舒服的
5．______________ vi.参加；参与→_________________ n．参加；参与→_________________ n．参与者
6．_______________ n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出→_____________ vt.颁发；赠送；呈递 n．礼物 adj.现在的；出席的
comfort
comfortable
uncomfortable
participate
participation
participant
presentation
present
7．_____________ vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；(使)参加；吸引；雇用→_______________ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→___________________ n．订婚；约定
8．_________ vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→ __________ adj.参与的；投入的→________________ n．参与
9．_______________ n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次→__________ vt.编辑；剪辑→_____________ n．编辑；编者
engage
engaged
engagement
involve
involved
involvement
edition
edit
editor
10．______________________ adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的→_______________ vt.(常用于被动语态)使不知所措；压倒
11．____________________ n．思乡病；乡愁→________________ adj.想家的；思乡的
12．________________ adj.积极的；主动的→___________________ n．动力；积极性；动机→________________ vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励
13．_______________ n．(also-ser)顾问→_____________ vt.& vi.建议；劝告→_____________ n．建议；忠告
overwhelming
overwhelm
homesickness
homesick
motivated
motivation
motivate
advisor
advise
advice
14．_______________ adj.有道理的；合情理的→_______________ adv.有理地；合理地→_____________ n．原因；道理 vi.推理 vt.推断→________________ adj.不合理的；不公正的
15．___________________ n．期望；预期；期待→_____________ vt.预料；期望
16．________________ n．申请人→___________ vi.申请 vt.应用；适用；涂；敷→_____________________ n．申请；申请书→_________ n．应用程序
reasonable
reasonably
reason
unreasonable
expectation
expect
applicant
apply
application
app
17．_____________ n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→_____________ vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
18．________________ n．离开；启程；出发→_____________ vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发
19．________________ adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的→_________________ adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地→ __________ n．戏剧；戏剧性事件
20．_______ vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌→________________ n．行为；举止
exposure
expose
departure
depart
dramatic
dramatically
drama
behave
behaviour/behavior
21．_______________ n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→_______________ adj.周围的；附近的→________________ vt.包围；围绕
22．________________ adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→_______________ vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→_______________ n．沮丧；抑郁
23．_________________ vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→_____________ adj.强壮的→________________ n．体力；优点
24．___________________ adj.乐观的→________________ n．乐观主义
surroundings
surrounding
surround
depressed
depress
depression
strengthen
strong
strength
optimistic
optimism
25．________________ n．能力；胜任；本领→________________ adj.有能力的；称职的
26．_______________ vi.合作；协作；配合→__________________ n．合作；协作
27．___________ adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→_______________ adv.逻辑上地→_________ n．逻辑(学)；道理
competence
competent
cooperate
cooperation
logical
logically
logic
运用巩固提能
1．(朗文当代) Fluency in three languages __________(使具备资格)her for work in the European Parliament.
2．(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)The author think of himself socially ____________ (有雄心的)．
3．(柯林斯词典)He was a man with considerable _____________(洞察力)．
4．(朗文当代)A good teacher has to be able to ______________(激励) her students.
qualifies
ambitious
insight
motivate
5．(朗文当代)80% of the annual education _____________(预算) was spent on teachers' salaries.
6．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) After a while, she apologized for the way she _____________(表现) at the beginning.
7．(朗文当代) The human brain isn't fully ___________(成熟的) until about age 25.
8．(剑桥高阶) Neil ____________(否认) that he broke the window, but I'm sure he did.
budget
behaved
mature
denies
9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He was ___________________ (comfort)，and his crying let the whole campground know it.
10．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” _____________(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international ________________(cooperate) and cultural exchanges.
11．All the ________________ who want to ____________ for the job have handed in their letters of ________________.(apply)
uncomfortable
issued
cooperation
applicants
apply
application
12．She has the ___________________ for teaching English and I think she is ______________ for the position.(qualify)
13．As an _________________ boss, his _____________ is to open ten branches of his company in China this year.(ambition)
14．When I was _____________________，he would _____________ me gently, which made me quite ____________________. (comfort)
15．What made him ________________ also __________________ me greatly. Our _______________ made us in a bad mood.(depress)
qualifications
qualified
ambitious
ambition
uncomfortable
comfort
comfortable
depressed
depressed
depression
16．Being _______________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin, so we should decrease the direct ________________ to sunlight. (expose)
17．Our headteacher suggests _____________________ in more after-class activities, because more ______________________ is beneficial to our development.(participate)
18．The school ____________ often ____________ us to communicate more with others and his ___________ is always helpful.(advise)
exposed
exposure
participating
participation
advisor
advises
advice
写准记牢
1．__________________参加；参与
2．______________大声点说；明确表态
3．_________________舒服自在；不拘束
4．_______________(使)从事；参与
5．___________________参与；卷入；与……有关联
6．___________________文化冲击
7．_________________舒适区；舒适范围
participate in
speak up
feel at home
engage in
get involved in
culture shock
comfort zone
8．__________________________(使)花一大笔钱
9．________________支持；站在……的一边
10．___________________据我所知
11．___________________________就我而言；依我看来
12．________________总的来说；总之
13．______________________一般来说
14．________________深刻理解；洞察
15．__________________首先
cost an arm and a leg
side with
as far as I know
as far as I am concerned
in summary
generally speaking
insight into
to begin with
语境运用
1．(2021·天津3月卷)We all need to _________________ saving energy whether it's at work, at home, or at school.
2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上的) __________________ a study about movie viewership.
3．(剑桥高阶)Could you ________________？We can't hear at the back.
get involved in
participate in
speak up
4．(朗文当代)After a while we began to _________________ with each other.
5．(柯林斯词典)It only lasted a couple of years, ________________.
6．(朗文当代)Only 10% of American adults __________________ regular exercise.
7．(牛津高阶) ______________________________，you can do what you like.
feel at home
as far as I know
engage in
As far as I am concerned
8．(朗文当代)Moving to London was a bit of a _________________ after ten years of living in the country.
9．(朗文当代)Frank _______________ David against their mother.
10．(剑桥高阶)Well, ____________________，he shouldn't even have been driving my car.
culture shock
sided with
to begin with
【词汇拓展记忆】
名词后缀-or表示“人” “性格”荟萃
①advise→advisor 顾问 ②operate→operator 操作员 ③educate→educator 教育工作者；教育家 ④act→actor 演员 ⑤collect→collector 收藏家；收集者 ⑥conduct→conductor 指挥 ①stubborn固执的
②easy-going随和的
③outgoing外向的
④gentle温和的
⑤optimistic乐观的
⑥outspoken坦率的
“总之”一家亲
①in summary总的来说；总之
②all in all总而言之
③in a word总而言之
④in conclusion总之
⑤to be brief总而言之
⑥to sum up总之
原句译背
1．It was the first time that＋过去完成时
It was the first time that she had left China.
_____________________________________________
2．疑问词＋不定式
I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
这是她第一次离开中国。
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
3．idea的同位语从句
At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4．状语从句的省略
Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么，但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
5．one cannot deny the fact that...某人不可否认……
To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。
仿写运用
1．(牛津高阶)那是他第一次看到自己的名字被刊印出来。
__________________________ he had seen his name in print.
2．我们的英语老师经常教我们如何更高效地记单词。
Our English teacher often teaches us _____________________________ ______________.
3．(牛津高阶)我记得很清楚把它落在哪儿了——但愿我是对的。
I have a pretty good ____________________—I hope I'm right.
It was the first time that
how to memorize words more
efficiently
idea where I left it
4．在你朋友家吃饭时，你最好注意你的行为举止。
__________________________________________，you'd better mind your own behaviour.
5．不可否认，我们可以从电视节目“中国诗词大会”上获益良多。
___________________________ we can benefit a lot from the television programme “Chinese Poetry Competition”.
When having dinner in your friend's home
One cannot deny the fact that
核心考点 讲练提升
佳句背诵
As far as I am concerned, drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort.
就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
归纳拓展
(1)be a comfort to sb.对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
(2)comfort sb. with sth.用某物安慰某人
1.comfort n．舒适；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰
(3)comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的
uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)“I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained ____________________(comfort)．
②(2022·全国甲卷)The more time you spend in any given country, the ___________________________(comfort)you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
uncomfortably
more comfortable
写作运用提能
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)此外，如果与一个他们相处不好或沟通有困难的人结对，学生可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。
Besides, students may __________________________________if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
④每当我感觉低落的时候，我妈妈总是用鼓舞人心的话语安慰我。
Whenever I feel down, my mother always ________________________ ___________.
feel uncomfortable or less motivated
comforts me with inspiring
words
⑤看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中安慰我。(读后续写之动作链描写)
_____________________________，my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me into his arms to ________________.
Seeing I was uncomfortable
comfort me
佳句背诵
Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21.(应用文写作之通知)
那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。
归纳拓展
(1)participate in参加；参与
participate with sb.in sth.与某人一起参与某事
(2)participant n．参加者；参与者
participation n．参加；参与
2.participate vi.参加；参与
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate _______ Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk.
②(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)________________(participate) in a post-visit survey is required.
in
Participation
写作运用提能
③为了提高户外活动的参与度，我们学校将于9月10日组织一项活动——攀登泰山。我写信真诚地邀请你与我们一起参加这个活动。(应用文写作之邀请信)
__________________________________________________,our school will organize an activity—climbing Mountain Tai on September 10.I am writing to sincerely invite you to _______________________________.
In order to increase participation in outdoor activities
participate with us in the activity
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)对于所有参赛者来说，这次越野赛是一个很好的机会，参加比赛将进一步增强你的综合能力。
_________________________________，the race is a good opportunity and _______________________________ will further strengthen your overall competence.
For all the participants
the participation in the race
佳句背诵
Engaging in exploring splendid Chinese culture gives him a chance to act as a cultural messenger.
从事探索灿烂的中国文化给了他一个充当文化使者的机会。
3.engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；聘请；从事
归纳拓展
(1)engage sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
engage (sb.) in(使某人)从事；参与
(2)engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的
be engaged to sb.与某人订婚
be engaged in忙于；从事于
(3)engagement n．订婚；约会
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Mary will be engaged _______ Tom, and their ___________________ (engage) attracts many people's attention.
②No one can deny the fact that no one can engage children __________ (do) any work.
to
engagement
to do
写作运用提能
③尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。
Although _______________________________，you should set aside some time to ________________________________________.
(you are) engaged in your study
engage yourself in outdoor activities
佳句背诵
(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures involve calligraphy, Chinese knots, paper cutting, and so on and thus, could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most
毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包括书法、中国结、剪纸等等，因此，你可以告诉我哪些最吸引外国人吗？
4.involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使……参加)
归纳拓展
(1)involve sb./oneself in(doing) sth.使某人/自己参与(做)某事；使某人/自己牵扯到某事中
involve (doing)sth.包括(做)某事；需要(做)某事
(2)involved adj.参与的；卷入的
be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
(3)involvement n．参与；卷入；牵连
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)The more people ___________________ (involve)，the better the ocean environment is.
②As far as I am concerned, the ___________________(involve) of the foreign ministers was itself a sign of progress.
are involved
involvement
写作运用提能
③这个项目的初衷是让更多的人参与到我们的志愿活动中来，像阳光一样传播温暖的爱。
The original intention of the project is ____________________________ ___________________ and spread warm love like sunshine.
to involve more people in our
voluntary activities
佳句背诵
Determined to live up to my parents' expectations，I have to all go out.
我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。
归纳拓展
(1)beyond (sb.'s) expectation(s)出乎(某人的)意料
live/come up to one's expectations不负某人所望；达到某人期望
in (the)expectation of预料；期望
in the expectation that...预计/期望
5.expectation n．预期；期待；期望
(2)expect (sb.)to do sth.期待(某人)做某事
be expected to do sth.预计做某事；被期待做某事
expect sth. of sb. 期望从某人那里得到某物
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's _______________(expect)．
expectations
②(2023·全国甲卷)They reached the shooting spot later than _________ (expect)．
③The amazing scenery of the Summer Palace is ________ expectation.
写作运用提能
④(2020·江苏卷)他没有像我所期望的那样着手一项新任务，而是重新检查了以前的工作。
Instead of getting down to a new task _______________________，he examined the previous work again.
expected
beyond
as I had expected
佳句背诵
When you come to China, you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.
当你来到中国时，你可以接触到中国语言和中国文化。
6.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
归纳拓展
(1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……体验……
be exposed to暴露于；接触
expose oneself to ... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……
expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事
(2)exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies _______________(expose)．
②Generally speaking, there is a direct link between ________________ (expose) to sun and skin cancer.
exposed
exposure
写作运用提能
③我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。
I ______________________________________________________，so I can communicate freely with others in English.
→_____________________________________________________，I can communicate freely with others in English.(用having done作状语改写)
have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
佳句背诵
As far as I'm concerned, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
就我个人而言，应当鼓励同学们养成良好的习惯，行为更加规范。
7.behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
归纳拓展
(1)behave oneself/well守规矩/举止得体
(2)well-behaved adj.表现好的
badly-behaved adj.表现差的
(3)behaviour n．(＝behavior)行为；举止；习性
(4)misbehave vi.行为不端，举止失礼
多维训练
单句语法填空
①What do you think of our advisor's ________________(behave) at the meeting that day
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Kevin's concern about the dogs is that they may _______________(behave)．
behaviour
misbehave
写作运用提能
③强烈建议你参加晚宴时，举止得体。作为举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。(应用文写作之传统习俗)
It is highly suggested that _________________________________ when attending feasts._____________________________，you shouldn't stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.
you (should) behave yourself
As a well-behaved guest
佳句背诵
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)This was the first time that the twins had prepared a breakfast for their mother, so they were excited and nervous.
这是双胞胎第一次为母亲做早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。
8.It was the first time that she had left China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
归纳拓展
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time(that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
(3)It is/was(about/high) time that...should do sth./did sth.意为“到了……做某事的时间了。”，should不能省略。相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①This is the second time that the teaching assistant _______________ (blame) by our headmaster.
②It was the first time that I _____________________ (participate) in the exchange student program, which not only broadened my horizons but also improved my confidence.
has been blamed
had participated
写作运用提能
③(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)我揽着大卫的肩膀，轻声说道：“这是你第一次放弃小组活动。因此，在你做最终决定前要三思。”
I held David by the shoulder, whispering, “_______________________ ________________________________________.So think twice before you make a final decision.”
This/It is the first time that you have given up the group activity
④(2022·全国甲卷，应用文写作)到了政府应该采取措施保护海洋免遭污染的时候了。
________________________________________________________ to protect oceans from being polluted.(It is high time for...to do)
→___________________________________________________________________ to protect oceans from being polluted.(It is high time that...)
It is high time for the government to take effective measures
It is high time that the government should take/took effective measures
佳句背诵
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots .(应用文写作之征求建议)
如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。
9.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
归纳拓展
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①With their interest greatly sparked, I began to teach them how ___________(make) Chinese tea.
②I really have no idea ____________ to accept her invitation or not.
③When and where to hold the meeting _______________(remain) to be discussed further.
④With the Teachers' Day approaching, we've decided which classrooms ______________(decorate)．
to make
whether
remains
to decorate
写作运用提能
⑤(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷，读后续写)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。
David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about ________________________________________________ the cross-country run or not.
⑥为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(应用文写作之建议信)
____________________________________ so that you can find friends with similar interests
whether to take part in/participate in/engage in
Why not join in discussion groups
佳句背诵
When working，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
工作的时候，我意识到烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。
10.Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
归纳拓展
状语从句的省略有两种形式：
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
(2)当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①If _______________(accept)，I will introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
②Firstly, people may feel forced when ____________(ask) to do things that they don't want to.
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon(峡谷) while ____________(learn) about the area's natural and human history.
accepted
asked
learning
写作运用提能
④(2021·北京卷，书面表达)如果可能的话，我们把一直盼望的旅行推迟到下周六好吗？如果不方便，让我知道你什么时候最合适。
__________________，shall we put off our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday __________________________，let me know what time suits you best.
If (it is) possible
If (it's )not convenient
⑤(2020·全国Ⅱ卷书面表达)在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙摘桃子。
_________________________________, we began to help pick peaches.
While enjoying being close to nature
关键能力 对点习得
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(剑桥高阶)The girl's mother was at home today, ______________ (comfort) by relatives.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：女孩的母亲今天在家，亲戚们在安慰她。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He always participated to the best of his ability _______ whatever they were doing.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：无论他们在做什么，他总是竭尽全力地参与。participate in “参加，参与”。
being comforted
in
3．(2022·全国乙卷) ____________________(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，这次活动包括在社交媒体上的一些公众推广活动……。由句意可知，填不定式表目的。
To strengthen
4．(2022·全国乙卷)What function is expected _______ the rail drones
解析：考查动词短语。句意：轨道无人机被期望的功能是什么？ expect sth. of ...要求，指望，期望。
5．As far as I know, _______________________(expose) to sunlight for a long time will hurt our skin.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据我所知，长时间暴露在阳光下会伤害我们的皮肤。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作主语。
of
being exposed
6．The research is so designed that once ___________(begin)，nothing can be done to change it.
解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：这项研究是这样设计的，一旦开始，就没有办法改变它。由句意可知，once后省略了句子主语the research和is, 故填begun。
7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I'm preparing a ___________________ (present) for the city library.
解析：考查词性转换。句意：我在为市图书馆准备一个报告。由句意可知，填名词presentation。
begun
presentation
8．(2022·全国乙卷)Just watching him run got me _________________ (motivate)．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：看着他跑，我就有了动力。由句意可知，填过去分词作宾语补足语。
9．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city ________________(bridge) the ancient and the modern.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：北京是一座连接古代与现代的城市。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作后置定语。bridge在此是动词，意为“把……连接起来”。
motivated
bridging
10．(2023·全国甲卷) So many of us have the belief that being ________________ is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our _______________ zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.(comfort)
解析：考查词性转换。句意：我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。由句意可知，第一空填形容词作being的表语；第二空填名词原形，名词作定语。
comfortable
comfort
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
1．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt. _________
②(2022·浙江1月卷)America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its passwords they put it to more uses than anyone else. __________
③(2022·浙江1月卷)Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.____________
n．地带
vt.理解
v．赢得/回
④I told him about the many activities in which I was involved.And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. _________
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.________________
n．好处
v．成熟，长成
2．选出firm的汉语意思
①He opened a law firm in the center of the city last month._______
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though after a moment, David fell behind others, he never stopped his firm and determined pace._______
③Make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up._______
④The city walls are as firm as a rock._______
⑤The product claims to firm your body in six months._______
A．adj.坚硬的 B．adj.稳固的
C．adj.坚定的 D．n.公司 E．vt.使强壮
D
C
B
A
E
3．选出engage的汉语意思
①Only 10% of the students engaged in the qualification examination. _______
②No one can deny the fact that this moving film engages both the mind and the eye._______
③His father engaged a tutor to motivate him to improve his maths. _______
A．vt.聘请 B．vt.忙于
C．vi.参加 D．vt.使订婚 E．vt.吸引
C
E
A
④In summary, I was so engaged in my study that I paid no attention to my mother's feelings._______
⑤She was engaged to Peter, which was beyond our expectations. _______
B
D
核心素养 双写培优
Ⅰ.应用文写作运用(活动介绍——在敬老院做义工)
1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子
①上周六是我们在高中阶段第一次去附近的敬老院做志愿劳动。(It was the first time that...)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②所有学生都完全知道该为老年人做些什么。(疑问词＋不定式)
__________________________________________________________
It was the first time that we had done voluntary work in a nearby nursing home in Senior High School last Saturday.
All of the students were fully aware of what to do for the elderly.
③一些学生忙着帮老年人做家务。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
④浇花草的时候，其他学生欣赏了自然之美。(状语从句的省略)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Helping the elderly do the housework was what some students were engaged in.
When watering the flowers and plants, the other students appreciated the beauty of nature.
⑤不可否认的事实是通过这次活动，我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。(同位语从句，疑问词＋不定式)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑥参加社会活动，我开始在新的环境中感到自在。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us.
Engaged in/Getting involved in social activities, I started to feel at home in the new environment.
⑦我变得更有动力，也更加野心勃勃了。
________________________________________________________
I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious.
2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
参考范文：
It was the first time that we had done voluntary work in a nearby nursing home in Senior High School last Saturday. All of the students were fully aware of what to do for the elderly. Helping the elderly do the housework was what some students were engaged in. Besides, when watering the flowers and plants, the other students appreciated the beauty of nature.
One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us. Engaged in/Getting involved in social activities, I started to feel at home in the new environment. Moreover, I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
情感描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(一)
素材积累
必备单词 形容词：angry, annoyed, annoying, 副词：angrily, 名词：anger, annoyance, rage, 动词：rage, annoy
高级词块 1．tremble with anger 气得发抖
2．a burst of anger 一股怒火
3．flush with anger 气红了脸
4．get mad/cross at sb. 生某人的气
5．to one's annoyance 令某人生气的是
6．in anger 愤怒地
素材运用
第一步 按要求完成下列句子。
1．汤姆最近的行为总能让史密斯老师火冒三丈。
Tom's recent behaviour would always____________________________ _____________________________________.(名词)
2．史密斯老师发现他的作业又没做完，愤怒地大叫了一声，眼里闪着恼怒的光。
Finding his homework was unfinished again, ______________________ _________, _______________________________.(名词＋with复合结构)
make Mr Smith burst into
anger/burn with anger/explode with anger
Mr Smith let out a cry of
anger
with his eyes shining with annoyance
3．史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给汤姆的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。
Mr Smith, whose patience had worn thin, _______________________ __________________.(副词)
4．当汤姆的父亲得知他的儿子表现如此差时，他无法控制自己的愤怒，转身怒视着汤姆：“你最好解释一下到底怎么回事！”
Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, ______________________ ______________________________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！”(形容词＋动作描写)
called Tom's father to
complain angrily
Tom's father felt so angry
that he turned around and glared at Tom
5．汤姆垂头不语，这使他皱起眉头，气得拉长了脸。
Tom hung his head and said nothing, ____________________________. He ______________________________.(非限制性定语从句＋面部表情描写)
6．他无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间，摔门而去。
___________________________, he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.(形容词短语作状语)
which made him frown
pulled a long face in anger
Unable to contain his anger
第二步 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
参考范文：
Tom's recent behaviour would always make Mr Smith burst into anger. Finding his homework was unfinished again, Mr Smith let out a cry of anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance.Mr Smith, whose patience had worn thin, called Tom's father to complain angrily.Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, Tom's father felt so angry that he turned around and glared at Tom, “You'd better explain what's going on！” However, Tom hung his head and said nothing, which made him frown.He pulled a long face in anger. Eventually, unable to contain his anger, he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
(主题语境：人与社会——文化交流)
晨背短文 语境记词
I have studied for business qualifications at Peking University for one year.I recall that faced with complex surroundings and dramatic changes, I suffered from tremendous pressure and overwhelming homesickness, which made me depressed in the beginning.But being an ambitious，optimistic and mature student, I managed to motivate myself to step out of my comfort zone.I grasped every chance to speak up and offer logical presentations in class, enabling myself to become competent.I engaged in the Literature Club to strengthen my literary outlook on life.I got involved in the Basketball Association so that I could learn to cooperate with others.I participated in
some other meaningful activities and I benefited much from the participation. There is no denying that all of them could make me see things from different angles and have more reasonable insights into daily affairs.As far as I'm concerned, exposed to the surrounding settings，I gradually felt at home. Just as the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” Now I can behave perfectly at university.Furthermore, because I was on a tight budget，I took up a position as a tutor to cover my daily expenses and tuition fees, which cost an arm and a leg.Now my ambition is to become an advisor for exchange students to broaden my global perspective and improve my competence.
Among so many applicants，I believe that I am qualified for the job because I have firm determination.Whatever the outcome is, I'll sincerely side with the school's decision.In summary，now I am confident in my expectation of setting up my own firm in the future.
必备知识 巧记活用
阅读词汇会认
1．tutor n. _____________________________________
2．cite vt. __________________
3．messenger n. ___________________
4．culture shock ________________
5．zone n. __________________________________
6．setting n. __________________________________
7．tremendous adj. _____________________
(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师
引用；引述
送信人；信使
文化冲击
(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域
环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景
巨大的；极大的
8．mature adj. ____________
9．boom vi.& n. __________________
10．perspective n. _________________________
11．envoy n. ___________________
12．outlook n. ________________________
13．belt n. _______________
14．initiative n. ________________
15．the Belt and Road Initiative _____________________
成熟的
迅速发展；繁荣
(思考问题的)角度；观点
使者；使节；代表
前景；可能性；观点
腰带；地带
倡议；新方案
“一带一路”倡议
重点词汇会写
1．_____________ adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的
2．___________ vt.& vi.记起；回想起
3．__________ n．公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的，坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的
4．____________ n．洞察力；眼光
5．__________ vt.理解；领会；抓紧
6．____________ n．费用；花费；开销
7．__________ vt.否认；否定；拒绝
complex
recall
firm
insight
grasp
expense
deny
8．__________ vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加
9．____________ n．角；角度；立场
10．____________ adv.真诚地；诚实地
11．_____________ n．预算
12．_____________ n．结果；效果
gain
angle
sincerely
budget
outcome
拓展词汇会变
1．____________________ n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→____________ vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→ ______________ adj.有资格的；称职的
2．__________ n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→____________ adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．___________________ n．适应；改编本→_______ vt.(使)适应；改编
qualification
qualify
qualified
ambition
ambition
adaptation
adapt
4．_______________ n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→_____________________ adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→___________________ adj.不舒服的
5．______________ vi.参加；参与→_________________ n．参加；参与→_________________ n．参与者
6．_______________ n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出→_____________ vt.颁发；赠送；呈递 n．礼物 adj.现在的；出席的
comfort
comfortable
uncomfortable
participate
participation
participant
presentation
present
7．_____________ vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；(使)参加；吸引；雇用→_______________ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→___________________ n．订婚；约定
8．_________ vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→ __________ adj.参与的；投入的→________________ n．参与
9．_______________ n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次→__________ vt.编辑；剪辑→_____________ n．编辑；编者
engage
engaged
engagement
involve
involved
involvement
edition
edit
editor
10．______________________ adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的→_______________ vt.(常用于被动语态)使不知所措；压倒
11．____________________ n．思乡病；乡愁→________________ adj.想家的；思乡的
12．________________ adj.积极的；主动的→___________________ n．动力；积极性；动机→________________ vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励
13．_______________ n．(also-ser)顾问→_____________ vt.& vi.建议；劝告→_____________ n．建议；忠告
overwhelming
overwhelm
homesickness
homesick
motivated
motivation
motivate
advisor
advise
advice
14．_______________ adj.有道理的；合情理的→_______________ adv.有理地；合理地→_____________ n．原因；道理 vi.推理 vt.推断→________________ adj.不合理的；不公正的
15．___________________ n．期望；预期；期待→_____________ vt.预料；期望
16．________________ n．申请人→___________ vi.申请 vt.应用；适用；涂；敷→_____________________ n．申请；申请书→_________ n．应用程序
reasonable
reasonably
reason
unreasonable
expectation
expect
applicant
apply
application
app
17．_____________ n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→_____________ vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
18．________________ n．离开；启程；出发→_____________ vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发
19．________________ adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的→_________________ adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地→ __________ n．戏剧；戏剧性事件
20．_______ vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌→________________ n．行为；举止
exposure
expose
departure
depart
dramatic
dramatically
drama
behave
behaviour/behavior
21．_______________ n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→_______________ adj.周围的；附近的→________________ vt.包围；围绕
22．________________ adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→_______________ vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→_______________ n．沮丧；抑郁
23．_________________ vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→_____________ adj.强壮的→________________ n．体力；优点
24．___________________ adj.乐观的→________________ n．乐观主义
surroundings
surrounding
surround
depressed
depress
depression
strengthen
strong
strength
optimistic
optimism
25．________________ n．能力；胜任；本领→________________ adj.有能力的；称职的
26．_______________ vi.合作；协作；配合→__________________ n．合作；协作
27．___________ adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→_______________ adv.逻辑上地→_________ n．逻辑(学)；道理
competence
competent
cooperate
cooperation
logical
logically
logic
运用巩固提能
1．(朗文当代) Fluency in three languages __________(使具备资格)her for work in the European Parliament.
2．(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)The author think of himself socially ____________ (有雄心的)．
3．(柯林斯词典)He was a man with considerable _____________(洞察力)．
4．(朗文当代)A good teacher has to be able to ______________(激励) her students.
qualifies
ambitious
insight
motivate
5．(朗文当代)80% of the annual education _____________(预算) was spent on teachers' salaries.
6．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) After a while, she apologized for the way she _____________(表现) at the beginning.
7．(朗文当代) The human brain isn't fully ___________(成熟的) until about age 25.
8．(剑桥高阶) Neil ____________(否认) that he broke the window, but I'm sure he did.
budget
behaved
mature
denies
9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He was ___________________ (comfort)，and his crying let the whole campground know it.
10．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” _____________(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international ________________(cooperate) and cultural exchanges.
11．All the ________________ who want to ____________ for the job have handed in their letters of ________________.(apply)
uncomfortable
issued
cooperation
applicants
apply
application
12．She has the ___________________ for teaching English and I think she is ______________ for the position.(qualify)
13．As an _________________ boss, his _____________ is to open ten branches of his company in China this year.(ambition)
14．When I was _____________________，he would _____________ me gently, which made me quite ____________________. (comfort)
15．What made him ________________ also __________________ me greatly. Our _______________ made us in a bad mood.(depress)
qualifications
qualified
ambitious
ambition
uncomfortable
comfort
comfortable
depressed
depressed
depression
16．Being _______________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin, so we should decrease the direct ________________ to sunlight. (expose)
17．Our headteacher suggests _____________________ in more after-class activities, because more ______________________ is beneficial to our development.(participate)
18．The school ____________ often ____________ us to communicate more with others and his ___________ is always helpful.(advise)
exposed
exposure
participating
participation
advisor
advises
advice
写准记牢
1．__________________参加；参与
2．______________大声点说；明确表态
3．_________________舒服自在；不拘束
4．_______________(使)从事；参与
5．___________________参与；卷入；与……有关联
6．___________________文化冲击
7．_________________舒适区；舒适范围
participate in
speak up
feel at home
engage in
get involved in
culture shock
comfort zone
8．__________________________(使)花一大笔钱
9．________________支持；站在……的一边
10．___________________据我所知
11．___________________________就我而言；依我看来
12．________________总的来说；总之
13．______________________一般来说
14．________________深刻理解；洞察
15．__________________首先
cost an arm and a leg
side with
as far as I know
as far as I am concerned
in summary
generally speaking
insight into
to begin with
语境运用
1．(2021·天津3月卷)We all need to _________________ saving energy whether it's at work, at home, or at school.
2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上的) __________________ a study about movie viewership.
3．(剑桥高阶)Could you ________________？We can't hear at the back.
get involved in
participate in
speak up
4．(朗文当代)After a while we began to _________________ with each other.
5．(柯林斯词典)It only lasted a couple of years, ________________.
6．(朗文当代)Only 10% of American adults __________________ regular exercise.
7．(牛津高阶) ______________________________，you can do what you like.
feel at home
as far as I know
engage in
As far as I am concerned
8．(朗文当代)Moving to London was a bit of a _________________ after ten years of living in the country.
9．(朗文当代)Frank _______________ David against their mother.
10．(剑桥高阶)Well, ____________________，he shouldn't even have been driving my car.
culture shock
sided with
to begin with
【词汇拓展记忆】
名词后缀-or表示“人” “性格”荟萃
①advise→advisor 顾问 ②operate→operator 操作员 ③educate→educator 教育工作者；教育家 ④act→actor 演员 ⑤collect→collector 收藏家；收集者 ⑥conduct→conductor 指挥 ①stubborn固执的
②easy-going随和的
③outgoing外向的
④gentle温和的
⑤optimistic乐观的
⑥outspoken坦率的
“总之”一家亲
①in summary总的来说；总之
②all in all总而言之
③in a word总而言之
④in conclusion总之
⑤to be brief总而言之
⑥to sum up总之
原句译背
1．It was the first time that＋过去完成时
It was the first time that she had left China.
_____________________________________________
2．疑问词＋不定式
I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
这是她第一次离开中国。
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
3．idea的同位语从句
At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4．状语从句的省略
Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么，但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
5．one cannot deny the fact that...某人不可否认……
To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。
仿写运用
1．(牛津高阶)那是他第一次看到自己的名字被刊印出来。
__________________________ he had seen his name in print.
2．我们的英语老师经常教我们如何更高效地记单词。
Our English teacher often teaches us _____________________________ ______________.
3．(牛津高阶)我记得很清楚把它落在哪儿了——但愿我是对的。
I have a pretty good ____________________—I hope I'm right.
It was the first time that
how to memorize words more
efficiently
idea where I left it
4．在你朋友家吃饭时，你最好注意你的行为举止。
__________________________________________，you'd better mind your own behaviour.
5．不可否认，我们可以从电视节目“中国诗词大会”上获益良多。
___________________________ we can benefit a lot from the television programme “Chinese Poetry Competition”.
When having dinner in your friend's home
One cannot deny the fact that
核心考点 讲练提升
佳句背诵
As far as I am concerned, drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort.
就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
归纳拓展
(1)be a comfort to sb.对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
(2)comfort sb. with sth.用某物安慰某人
1.comfort n．舒适；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰
(3)comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的
uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)“I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained ____________________(comfort)．
②(2022·全国甲卷)The more time you spend in any given country, the ___________________________(comfort)you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
uncomfortably
more comfortable
写作运用提能
③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)此外，如果与一个他们相处不好或沟通有困难的人结对，学生可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。
Besides, students may __________________________________if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
④每当我感觉低落的时候，我妈妈总是用鼓舞人心的话语安慰我。
Whenever I feel down, my mother always ________________________ ___________.
feel uncomfortable or less motivated
comforts me with inspiring
words
⑤看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中安慰我。(读后续写之动作链描写)
_____________________________，my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me into his arms to ________________.
Seeing I was uncomfortable
comfort me
佳句背诵
Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21.(应用文写作之通知)
那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。
归纳拓展
(1)participate in参加；参与
participate with sb.in sth.与某人一起参与某事
(2)participant n．参加者；参与者
participation n．参加；参与
2.participate vi.参加；参与
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate _______ Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk.
②(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)________________(participate) in a post-visit survey is required.
in
Participation
写作运用提能
③为了提高户外活动的参与度，我们学校将于9月10日组织一项活动——攀登泰山。我写信真诚地邀请你与我们一起参加这个活动。(应用文写作之邀请信)
__________________________________________________,our school will organize an activity—climbing Mountain Tai on September 10.I am writing to sincerely invite you to _______________________________.
In order to increase participation in outdoor activities
participate with us in the activity
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)对于所有参赛者来说，这次越野赛是一个很好的机会，参加比赛将进一步增强你的综合能力。
_________________________________，the race is a good opportunity and _______________________________ will further strengthen your overall competence.
For all the participants
the participation in the race
佳句背诵
Engaging in exploring splendid Chinese culture gives him a chance to act as a cultural messenger.
从事探索灿烂的中国文化给了他一个充当文化使者的机会。
3.engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；聘请；从事
归纳拓展
(1)engage sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
engage (sb.) in(使某人)从事；参与
(2)engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的
be engaged to sb.与某人订婚
be engaged in忙于；从事于
(3)engagement n．订婚；约会
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Mary will be engaged _______ Tom, and their ___________________ (engage) attracts many people's attention.
②No one can deny the fact that no one can engage children __________ (do) any work.
to
engagement
to do
写作运用提能
③尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。
Although _______________________________，you should set aside some time to ________________________________________.
(you are) engaged in your study
engage yourself in outdoor activities
佳句背诵
(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures involve calligraphy, Chinese knots, paper cutting, and so on and thus, could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most
毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包括书法、中国结、剪纸等等，因此，你可以告诉我哪些最吸引外国人吗？
4.involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使……参加)
归纳拓展
(1)involve sb./oneself in(doing) sth.使某人/自己参与(做)某事；使某人/自己牵扯到某事中
involve (doing)sth.包括(做)某事；需要(做)某事
(2)involved adj.参与的；卷入的
be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
(3)involvement n．参与；卷入；牵连
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)The more people ___________________ (involve)，the better the ocean environment is.
②As far as I am concerned, the ___________________(involve) of the foreign ministers was itself a sign of progress.
are involved
involvement
写作运用提能
③这个项目的初衷是让更多的人参与到我们的志愿活动中来，像阳光一样传播温暖的爱。
The original intention of the project is ____________________________ ___________________ and spread warm love like sunshine.
to involve more people in our
voluntary activities
佳句背诵
Determined to live up to my parents' expectations，I have to all go out.
我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。
归纳拓展
(1)beyond (sb.'s) expectation(s)出乎(某人的)意料
live/come up to one's expectations不负某人所望；达到某人期望
in (the)expectation of预料；期望
in the expectation that...预计/期望
5.expectation n．预期；期待；期望
(2)expect (sb.)to do sth.期待(某人)做某事
be expected to do sth.预计做某事；被期待做某事
expect sth. of sb. 期望从某人那里得到某物
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's _______________(expect)．
expectations
②(2023·全国甲卷)They reached the shooting spot later than _________ (expect)．
③The amazing scenery of the Summer Palace is ________ expectation.
写作运用提能
④(2020·江苏卷)他没有像我所期望的那样着手一项新任务，而是重新检查了以前的工作。
Instead of getting down to a new task _______________________，he examined the previous work again.
expected
beyond
as I had expected
佳句背诵
When you come to China, you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.
当你来到中国时，你可以接触到中国语言和中国文化。
6.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
归纳拓展
(1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……体验……
be exposed to暴露于；接触
expose oneself to ... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……
expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事
(2)exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies _______________(expose)．
②Generally speaking, there is a direct link between ________________ (expose) to sun and skin cancer.
exposed
exposure
写作运用提能
③我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。
I ______________________________________________________，so I can communicate freely with others in English.
→_____________________________________________________，I can communicate freely with others in English.(用having done作状语改写)
have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
佳句背诵
As far as I'm concerned, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
就我个人而言，应当鼓励同学们养成良好的习惯，行为更加规范。
7.behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌
归纳拓展
(1)behave oneself/well守规矩/举止得体
(2)well-behaved adj.表现好的
badly-behaved adj.表现差的
(3)behaviour n．(＝behavior)行为；举止；习性
(4)misbehave vi.行为不端，举止失礼
多维训练
单句语法填空
①What do you think of our advisor's ________________(behave) at the meeting that day
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Kevin's concern about the dogs is that they may _______________(behave)．
behaviour
misbehave
写作运用提能
③强烈建议你参加晚宴时，举止得体。作为举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。(应用文写作之传统习俗)
It is highly suggested that _________________________________ when attending feasts._____________________________，you shouldn't stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.
you (should) behave yourself
As a well-behaved guest
佳句背诵
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)This was the first time that the twins had prepared a breakfast for their mother, so they were excited and nervous.
这是双胞胎第一次为母亲做早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。
8.It was the first time that she had left China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
归纳拓展
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time(that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
(3)It is/was(about/high) time that...should do sth./did sth.意为“到了……做某事的时间了。”，should不能省略。相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①This is the second time that the teaching assistant _______________ (blame) by our headmaster.
②It was the first time that I _____________________ (participate) in the exchange student program, which not only broadened my horizons but also improved my confidence.
has been blamed
had participated
写作运用提能
③(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)我揽着大卫的肩膀，轻声说道：“这是你第一次放弃小组活动。因此，在你做最终决定前要三思。”
I held David by the shoulder, whispering, “_______________________ ________________________________________.So think twice before you make a final decision.”
This/It is the first time that you have given up the group activity
④(2022·全国甲卷，应用文写作)到了政府应该采取措施保护海洋免遭污染的时候了。
________________________________________________________ to protect oceans from being polluted.(It is high time for...to do)
→___________________________________________________________________ to protect oceans from being polluted.(It is high time that...)
It is high time for the government to take effective measures
It is high time that the government should take/took effective measures
佳句背诵
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots .(应用文写作之征求建议)
如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。
9.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
归纳拓展
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①With their interest greatly sparked, I began to teach them how ___________(make) Chinese tea.
②I really have no idea ____________ to accept her invitation or not.
③When and where to hold the meeting _______________(remain) to be discussed further.
④With the Teachers' Day approaching, we've decided which classrooms ______________(decorate)．
to make
whether
remains
to decorate
写作运用提能
⑤(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷，读后续写)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。
David squeezed his eyes, bit his lips and frowned, thinking about ________________________________________________ the cross-country run or not.
⑥为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(应用文写作之建议信)
____________________________________ so that you can find friends with similar interests
whether to take part in/participate in/engage in
Why not join in discussion groups
佳句背诵
When working，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
工作的时候，我意识到烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。
10.Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
归纳拓展
状语从句的省略有两种形式：
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
(2)当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①If _______________(accept)，I will introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
②Firstly, people may feel forced when ____________(ask) to do things that they don't want to.
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon(峡谷) while ____________(learn) about the area's natural and human history.
accepted
asked
learning
写作运用提能
④(2021·北京卷，书面表达)如果可能的话，我们把一直盼望的旅行推迟到下周六好吗？如果不方便，让我知道你什么时候最合适。
__________________，shall we put off our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday __________________________，let me know what time suits you best.
If (it is) possible
If (it's )not convenient
⑤(2020·全国Ⅱ卷书面表达)在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙摘桃子。
_________________________________, we began to help pick peaches.
While enjoying being close to nature
关键能力 对点习得
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(剑桥高阶)The girl's mother was at home today, ______________ (comfort) by relatives.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：女孩的母亲今天在家，亲戚们在安慰她。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He always participated to the best of his ability _______ whatever they were doing.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：无论他们在做什么，他总是竭尽全力地参与。participate in “参加，参与”。
being comforted
in
3．(2022·全国乙卷) ____________________(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，这次活动包括在社交媒体上的一些公众推广活动……。由句意可知，填不定式表目的。
To strengthen
4．(2022·全国乙卷)What function is expected _______ the rail drones
解析：考查动词短语。句意：轨道无人机被期望的功能是什么？ expect sth. of ...要求，指望，期望。
5．As far as I know, _______________________(expose) to sunlight for a long time will hurt our skin.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据我所知，长时间暴露在阳光下会伤害我们的皮肤。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作主语。
of
being exposed
6．The research is so designed that once ___________(begin)，nothing can be done to change it.
解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：这项研究是这样设计的，一旦开始，就没有办法改变它。由句意可知，once后省略了句子主语the research和is, 故填begun。
7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I'm preparing a ___________________ (present) for the city library.
解析：考查词性转换。句意：我在为市图书馆准备一个报告。由句意可知，填名词presentation。
begun
presentation
8．(2022·全国乙卷)Just watching him run got me _________________ (motivate)．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：看着他跑，我就有了动力。由句意可知，填过去分词作宾语补足语。
9．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city ________________(bridge) the ancient and the modern.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：北京是一座连接古代与现代的城市。由句意可知，填动词-ing形式作后置定语。bridge在此是动词，意为“把……连接起来”。
motivated
bridging
10．(2023·全国甲卷) So many of us have the belief that being ________________ is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our _______________ zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.(comfort)
解析：考查词性转换。句意：我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。由句意可知，第一空填形容词作being的表语；第二空填名词原形，名词作定语。
comfortable
comfort
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
1．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt. _________
②(2022·浙江1月卷)America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its passwords they put it to more uses than anyone else. __________
③(2022·浙江1月卷)Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.____________
n．地带
vt.理解
v．赢得/回
④I told him about the many activities in which I was involved.And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. _________
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.________________
n．好处
v．成熟，长成
2．选出firm的汉语意思
①He opened a law firm in the center of the city last month._______
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though after a moment, David fell behind others, he never stopped his firm and determined pace._______
③Make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up._______
④The city walls are as firm as a rock._______
⑤The product claims to firm your body in six months._______
A．adj.坚硬的 B．adj.稳固的
C．adj.坚定的 D．n.公司 E．vt.使强壮
D
C
B
A
E
3．选出engage的汉语意思
①Only 10% of the students engaged in the qualification examination. _______
②No one can deny the fact that this moving film engages both the mind and the eye._______
③His father engaged a tutor to motivate him to improve his maths. _______
A．vt.聘请 B．vt.忙于
C．vi.参加 D．vt.使订婚 E．vt.吸引
C
E
A
④In summary, I was so engaged in my study that I paid no attention to my mother's feelings._______
⑤She was engaged to Peter, which was beyond our expectations. _______
B
D
核心素养 双写培优
Ⅰ.应用文写作运用(活动介绍——在敬老院做义工)
1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子
①上周六是我们在高中阶段第一次去附近的敬老院做志愿劳动。(It was the first time that...)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②所有学生都完全知道该为老年人做些什么。(疑问词＋不定式)
__________________________________________________________
It was the first time that we had done voluntary work in a nearby nursing home in Senior High School last Saturday.
All of the students were fully aware of what to do for the elderly.
③一些学生忙着帮老年人做家务。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
④浇花草的时候，其他学生欣赏了自然之美。(状语从句的省略)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Helping the elderly do the housework was what some students were engaged in.
When watering the flowers and plants, the other students appreciated the beauty of nature.
⑤不可否认的事实是通过这次活动，我们学生不仅更好地了解了社会而且学会了如何帮助周围的人。(同位语从句，疑问词＋不定式)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑥参加社会活动，我开始在新的环境中感到自在。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us.
Engaged in/Getting involved in social activities, I started to feel at home in the new environment.
⑦我变得更有动力，也更加野心勃勃了。
________________________________________________________
I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious.
2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
参考范文：
It was the first time that we had done voluntary work in a nearby nursing home in Senior High School last Saturday. All of the students were fully aware of what to do for the elderly. Helping the elderly do the housework was what some students were engaged in. Besides, when watering the flowers and plants, the other students appreciated the beauty of nature.
One cannot deny the fact that through this activity, we students not only have a better understanding of the society but also learn how to help people around us. Engaged in/Getting involved in social activities, I started to feel at home in the new environment. Moreover, I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
情感描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(一)
素材积累
必备单词 形容词：angry, annoyed, annoying, 副词：angrily, 名词：anger, annoyance, rage, 动词：rage, annoy
高级词块 1．tremble with anger 气得发抖
2．a burst of anger 一股怒火
3．flush with anger 气红了脸
4．get mad/cross at sb. 生某人的气
5．to one's annoyance 令某人生气的是
6．in anger 愤怒地
素材运用
第一步 按要求完成下列句子。
1．汤姆最近的行为总能让史密斯老师火冒三丈。
Tom's recent behaviour would always____________________________ _____________________________________.(名词)
2．史密斯老师发现他的作业又没做完，愤怒地大叫了一声，眼里闪着恼怒的光。
Finding his homework was unfinished again, ______________________ _________, _______________________________.(名词＋with复合结构)
make Mr Smith burst into
anger/burn with anger/explode with anger
Mr Smith let out a cry of
anger
with his eyes shining with annoyance
3．史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给汤姆的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。
Mr Smith, whose patience had worn thin, _______________________ __________________.(副词)
4．当汤姆的父亲得知他的儿子表现如此差时，他无法控制自己的愤怒，转身怒视着汤姆：“你最好解释一下到底怎么回事！”
Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, ______________________ ______________________________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！”(形容词＋动作描写)
called Tom's father to
complain angrily
Tom's father felt so angry
that he turned around and glared at Tom
5．汤姆垂头不语，这使他皱起眉头，气得拉长了脸。
Tom hung his head and said nothing, ____________________________. He ______________________________.(非限制性定语从句＋面部表情描写)
6．他无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间，摔门而去。
___________________________, he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.(形容词短语作状语)
which made him frown
pulled a long face in anger
Unable to contain his anger
第二步 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
参考范文：
Tom's recent behaviour would always make Mr Smith burst into anger. Finding his homework was unfinished again, Mr Smith let out a cry of anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance.Mr Smith, whose patience had worn thin, called Tom's father to complain angrily.Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, Tom's father felt so angry that he turned around and glared at Tom, “You'd better explain what's going on！” However, Tom hung his head and said nothing, which made him frown.He pulled a long face in anger. Eventually, unable to contain his anger, he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.