人教版（2019）必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues知识点课件(共117张PPT)

(共117张PPT)
UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
(主题语境：人与社会——道德品质)
晨背短文 语境记词
Li Hua, an energetic medical student, was walking by a kindergarten when an accident happened.A pregnant woman tripped over and fainted.Seeing this, her first response was to conduct first aid，but a passer-by whispered to her “Think twice.” She was in a moral dilemma.After a short hesitation, she chose to send the woman to a clinic.A physician who had just retired came to assist her.However, her mother spoke sharp words and complained about this for fear of a blackmail(讹诈)．Li Hua became scared.She had no income，savings or insurance.What if the woman asked her for a great deal of money Maybe she could earn tuition fees or work as
a waitress in a nearby café.Her scholarship might also help.A chain of terrible thoughts flashing through her mind, she was almost in despair，and therefore could not sleep until midnight.Her father's words carried her through the hard time.“Patients tend to entrust a doctor with life and a doctor will save a patient with all the might.What is more precious than life How can you reject your duty and ignore your principles？” The following day, she found the pregnant woman's husband waiting in her classroom.He thanked Li Hua again and again in tears.At last, her tension was replaced with pride.Afterwards, Li Hua was hired by a hospital and accepted by her colleagues quickly.Soon, she was able to perform operations in a wonderful way.A decade later, she was appointed to be chairwoman of the hospital union.
必备知识 巧记活用
阅读词汇会认
1．physician n．__________________________
2．resident physician___________________
3．kindergarten n．______________________
4．insurance n．_____________________
5．import n．______________________ vt.___________________
6．export n．__________________ vt. ___________________
7．pole n．____________________
医师；(尤指)内科医生
住院医师
学前班；幼儿园
保险；保险业
进口；进口商品
进口；输入；引进
出口；出口商品
出口；输出；传播
(行星的)极；地极
8．pregnant adj.__________________
9．disguise vt.___________________ n. __________________
10．maple n．________________
11．cart n．___________________
12．tear n．________
13．might n．________________
怀孕的；妊娠的
装扮；假扮；掩盖
伪装；化装用具
枫树；槭树
手推车；运货马车
眼泪
力量；威力
重点词汇会写
1. _________ n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
2．________ vi.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的
3．___________ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
4．__________ n．(小组)教学；讲课
5．______ n．专业服务费；报酬
6．________ n．协会；联合会；工会
7．_______ vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用
8．____________ n．同事；同僚
virtue
faint
precious
tuition
fee
union
hire
colleague
9．_________ n．诊所；门诊部
10．__________ adj.遥远的
11．_________ n．十年；十年期
12．____________ adv.在别处；去别处
13．__________ vt.发表(作品)；出版
14．________ n．员工；全体职员
15．____________ n．道德原则；法则；原则
16．__________ adj.被动的；顺从的
clinic
faraway
decade
elsewhere
publish
staff
principle
passive
17．__________ vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
18．___________ n．子夜；午夜
19．_____ vt.& vi.(bit, bitten)咬；叮；蜇 n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
20．______ n．嘴唇
21．___________ n．主席；主持人；董事长
22．________ n．一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
23．___________ n．(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
whisper
midnight
bite
lip
chairman
chain
waitress
24．________ vt.& vi.(spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled)(使)洒出；(使)溢出
25．_______ vi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走
26．__________ n．绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
27．________ n．(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
28．_________ n．收入；收益
29．______ prep.每；每一
30．____________ adv.因此；所以
spill
limp
despair
court
income
per
therefore
31．________ adj.道德的；道义上的 n．品行；道德；寓意
32．__________ n．进退两难的境地；困境
33．________________道德困境
34．__________ vt.委托；交付
35．__________ vt.接替；取代；更换
moral
dilemma
moral dilemma
entrust
replace
拓展词汇会变
1. _____________ vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→_____________ n．插图；图解；图示→____________ n．插图画家
2．___________ n．结婚；婚姻→________ v．(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶
3．___________ n．大部分；大多数→________ adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．主修课程
4．___________ vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________ n．抱怨；投诉
illustrate
illustration
illustrator
marriage
marry
majority
major
complain
complaint
5．__________ vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→___________ n．反应；回答；回复
6．______________ n．奖学金→__________ n．学者
7．_________ vt.拒绝接受；不录用→____________ n．拒绝接受；否决
8．__________ vt.任命；委派→______________ n．约会；任命；委任→____________ adj.约定的；指定的
9．________ vt.选举；推选→___________ n．选举；推选；当选
respond
response
scholarship
scholar
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
appointed
elect
election
10．_______ vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→___________ n．趋势；趋向
11．_________ vt.& vi.退休；退职；退出→_____________ n．退休→__________ adj.退休的
12．_________ n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款→_______ vt.救；节省；储蓄
13．_________ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→________ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→________ adj.令人恐惧的
tend
tendency
retire
retirement
retired
saving
save
scared
scare
scary
14．________ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→__________ adv.急剧地；严厉地→__________ vt.削尖；磨快；使提高
15．____________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→_______ n．精力；活力；能量
16．__________ n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→ ________ adj.紧张的；担心的；令人紧张的
17．___________ n．事故；车祸；失事→_____________ adj.意外的；偶然的→_______________ adv.偶然地
sharp
sharply
sharpen
energetic
energy
tension
tense
accident
accidental
accidentally
18．____________ n．手术；企业；经营→__________ vt.& vi.做手术；经营；操作；运转→___________ n．操作员；话务员；经营者
19．______ vt.帮助；援助→_________ n．助理；助手→________ n．帮助；援助
20．_________ n．记忆力；回忆→______________ vt.记住；记忆
21．_______ n．& vt.伤害；损害→__________ adj.有害的→____________ adv.有害地→___________ adj.无害的
22．___________ adj.灵活的；可变通的→___________ adv.灵活地→______________ n．灵活性
operation
operate
operator
assist
assistant
assistance
memory
memoriz(s)e
harm
harmful
harmfully
harmless
flexible
flexibly
flexibility
运用巩固提能
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the ________(道德的) grain.”
2．(剑桥高阶)Clean water is a ___________(宝贵的) commodity in many parts of the world.
3．Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few __________(十年) to decimate a large part of these resources.
4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ________(员工) in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
moral
precious
decades
Staff
5．(2022·全国甲卷)When she __________(退休)from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)She has recovered her _________(记忆力)．
7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ancient human adults could not open and close their _______(嘴唇) easily.
8．(剑桥高阶)She leaned over and _____________(耳语) something in his ear.
9．(朗文当代)The unusual designs were probably ___________(引进) from Iran.
retired
memory
lips
whispered
imported
10．(2022·全国乙卷)____________(因此)，students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much.
11．As is known to us, it's a _________(美德)to give a hand to those in need, especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
12．I would appreciate it very much if you could give us some ___________(宝贵的) advice on how to improve our online English school.
13．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He sniffled quietly, ________(眼泪) threatening to spill from his eyes.
Therefore
virtue
precious
tears
14．With the development of science and technology, whether human beings ___________________(replace) by robots in the future is in doubt.
15．He wrote many children's books, nearly half of which ________ _________(publish) in the 1990s.
16．Girls who ________ in English in our department are in the ___________.(major)
17．The resident physician often ____________ about his working conditions and I'm tired of his _____________.(complain)
will be replaced
were
published
major
majority
complains
complaints
18．Many people voted for him in the ___________ and eventually he ______________ as president.(elect)
19．Seeing the ________ wolf, children were very ________,but some adults managed ___________ the beast off.(scare)
20．Doctors ___________ on the injured person immediately and the ____________ was very successful.(operate)
21．When he needed someone ____________ him, his ____________ came to his _____________.(assist)
election
was elected
scary
scared
to scare
operated
operation
to assist
assistant
assistance
22．The boy is always ____________.I'm curious to know where his _________ comes from.(energy)
23．After his _____________，the __________ resident physician moved to the countryside.(retire)
24．He has been _________ ￥500 from his income every month and now his __________ amount to ￥50,000.(save)
25．My suggestion got ___________ and the ____________ made me in low spirits for a long time.(reject)
26．Mary and I had ____________ to meet at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the _____________,so I was very angry.(appoint)
energetic
energy
retirement
retired
saving
savings
rejected
rejection
appointed
appointment
写准记牢
1．________________________帮助某人渡过难关
2．_______________学费
3．__________________易于做某事；往往会发生某事
4．____________急救
5．____________去世
6．_______________作为对……的纪念
carry sb.through sth.
tuition fees
tend to do sth.
first aid
pass away
in memory of
7．____________被……绊倒
8．___________流着泪；含着泪
9．_____________处于绝望中
10．____________________大量
11．______________碰见；遇到
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
come across
语境运用
1．(2021·全国乙卷)These days, safety regulations— not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and comfortable seat— _________ keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower.
2．(朗文当代)Her confidence __________ her __________.
3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was _____________ within the few kilometers.
4．(剑桥高阶)Few can afford the _____________ of $12,000 a term.
tend to
carried
through
tripped over
tuition fees
5．The house came to him when his parents ______________.
6．(柯林斯词典)There's __________________ variability between individuals.
7．(剑桥高阶)I found him ___________ in his bedroom.
8．(剑桥高阶)They're _____(the depths of) __________ over/about the money they've lost.
9．I've never ______________ such an experience in my time.
passed away
a great deal of
in tears
in
despair
come across
【词汇拓展记忆】
聚焦形容词后缀-ic/-(a)tic “费用”都要考虑到 “in＋抽象名词”短语
①energy→energetic 精力充沛的 ②system→systematic系统的 ③base→basic基本的 ④organ→organic有机的 ⑤enthusiasm→enthusiastic热情的 ⑥history→historic有历史意义的 ①fare车费 ②expense花费 ③charge 费用；价钱 ④fine罚款 ⑤fee专业服务费；报酬 ⑥tip小费 ①in despair处于绝望中
②in silence沉默地
③in surprise吃惊地
④in danger处于危险之中
⑤in anger生气地
⑥in doubt怀疑
原句译背
1．“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
________________________________________________________
2．the＋序数词＋名词＋to do
She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
__________________________________________________________________
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵的了……
她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。
3．having done作状语
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the“mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4．not...until...直到……才……
Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983.
_______________________________________________
虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
林医生直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天才退休。
5．be seen doing某人被看到正在做
At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
____________________________________________________
有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。
仿写运用
1．没有什么比在炎热的夏天喝一杯冷饮更好的了。
_______________________ having a cold drink on a hot summer day.
2．(2022·全国乙卷)此次展览精选自世界各地的藏品，是他四十多年来首次举办的大型作品展览。
Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work _____________ in over forty years.
Nothing can be better than
to be held
3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)读了两年英文报Youth，我提高了我的学习能力。
________________________________________________，I have improved my learning ability.
4．(2021·6月浙江，应用文写作)直到欣赏完这次展览我才对中国传统绘画的魅力有了很好的理解。
_________________________________________________________________________ I appreciated the exhibition.
5．她有时被看到在那个健身馆锻炼身体。
Now and then, ___________________________ in the gym.
Having read the English newspaper Youth for two years
I didn't have a good understanding of the charm of traditional Chinese
paintings until
she was seen working out
核心考点 讲练提升
佳句背诵
The scientist had failed several times, but his determination carried him through some tough times.
这位科学家失败了好几次，但他的决心使他度过了一些艰难的时期。
1.carry sb.through帮助某人渡过难关
归纳拓展
carry sth. through成功完成某事
carry out实施；履行；贯彻
carry on doing sth.继续做某事
carry on(with) sth.继续
carry off赢得；获得
get carried away变得激动
多维训练
单句语法填空
①I had some difficulty in carrying ______ the plan.
②He carried ______ most of the prizes in the competition.
out
off
写作运用提能
③(天津卷)我讨厌她在我工作的时候给我打电话，我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。
I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always __________________ ____________________.
④尽管条件极其艰苦，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。
We must _________________________________________________.
too busy to carry on a
conversation with her
carry on till success in spite of extremely difficult conditions
佳句背诵
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Every time I asked him for advice, he would respond to/make a response to me immediately.
每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。
2.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.回答；响应；做出反应；回应
归纳拓展
(1)respond to对……做出回应或反应；答复
(2)response n．回答，答复；反应
in response to对……的答复；对……做出反应
make a/no response to对……做出回应/不予回答
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)How did some drinks companies respond _____ the sugar tax
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful ___________(respond)．
to
response
写作运用提能
③作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出以下承诺。
_________________________________，I made the following promises.
In response to your letter of complaint
佳句背诵
Learning that he was appointed as head of the team, he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house.(动作和心理描写)
得知他被任命为队长后，他激动得雀跃着进了家门。
3.appoint vt.任命；委派
归纳拓展
(1)appoint sb. as/to be...任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n．约会；约定，预约；委任
make/have an appointment(with sb.)(与某人)约会/预约
keep/break an/the appointment守/违(爽)约
(3)appointed adj.约定的；指定的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The man made the phone call to make an ______________(appoint) .
②I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the ______________(appoint) with you, and I will appoint my brother __________(meet) you at the airport.
appointment
appointment
to meet
写作运用提能
③(2021·北京，书面表达)由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。
Because I ______________________________________，I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→_____________________________________________，I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用having done作状语改写)
have made/had an appointment with the dentist
Having made/had an appointment with the dentist
佳句背诵
I bowed my head timidly and was scared to look at my father's cloudy face.
我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。
4.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓
归纳拓展
(1)scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事
be scared to death吓得要死
(3)scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①After watching a ________(scare) film in the cinema, she was scared _____ walking home alone and therefore, she called a taxi.
②Some parents try to scare their ill-behaved children into ___________ (behave) well.
scary
of
behaving
写作运用提能
③(2020·浙江卷，读后续写)当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。
When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us, __________ ________________.
I was nearly
scared to death
佳句背诵
I replaced him as the leading role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class.
我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角，这让全班同学大为震惊。
5.replace vt.接替；取代；更换；代替；把……放回原处
归纳拓展
(1)replace... with/by ...用……替换；以……接替
(2)take the place of/take one's place代替
in place of... /in one's place代替
(3)replacement n．[U]更换；替换；[C]替换的人(物)
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars __________ bicycles.
②Most scientists agree that computers can't completely take ______ place of humans.
with/by
the
写作运用提能
③紧张和恐惧被欢乐所取代。它开始舔埃勒斯的脸。
__________________________________________.It just started licking Ehlers' face.
Nervousness and fear were replaced by/with joy
佳句背诵
(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)I'm wondering if you could assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting.
我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
6.assist vt.帮助；协助；援助
归纳拓展
(1)assist sb.to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
assist sb.with/in sth.在某方面帮助某人
(2)assistance n．帮助；协助
come/go to one's assistance来/去援助某人
with the assistance of...在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n．助手；助理
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones ____________(assist) the crews' efforts.
②Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school, I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching ____________(assist)．
assisting
assistant
写作运用提能
③作为对你上封信的回复，我确保我会在英语口语方面帮你。首先，我会帮你改正你的发音。(回复求助信)
In response to your last letter, I make sure that I will _______________ ___________________. Firstly, I will _______________________________ _____________.
assist you with/in
your oral English
assist you to correct/in correcting your
pronunciation
④(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷，读后续写)正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast, their father ________________________. ____________________________________________________________,the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles.
came to their assistance
With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them
佳句背诵
I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering that I meant no harm.(动作描写)
我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。
7.harm n．& vt.伤害；损害；危害
归纳拓展
(1)do sb.harm/do harm to sb.对某人有害
There is no harm(in) doing sth.做某事无害处。
(2)harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to对……有害
(3)harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The physician says that the medicine is harmful _____ children but ___________(harm) to adults.
to
harmless
写作运用提能
②(2021·全国乙卷)沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。
Being addicted to online games _______________________ our physical and mental health.Therefore, ______________________________.
is harmful to/does harm to
there is no harm (in) getting rid of it
佳句背诵
He spent a great/good deal of time with the poor families, and he learned a great/good deal from the experience.
他花了大量的时间和这些贫困家庭待在一起，而且他从中学到了很多东西。
8.a great/good deal (of)许多的；大量的
归纳拓展
(1)a great/good deal of许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词可以用a great many(of)。
(2)a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。
(3)a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”，作主语或者宾语。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The thief ran a great deal _________(fast) than the policeman but at last he didn't escape being caught.
faster
写作运用提能
②(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷，读后续写)尽管大卫比其他孩子跑得慢得多，但他成功到达终点线，脸上洋溢着坚定的微笑。许多孩子情不自禁地为他鼓掌。
Although David ___________________________________________，he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face.__________________ the kids couldn't resist applauding him.
ran a great/good deal slower than the other kids
A great many of
佳句背诵
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)Hearing their plan, Bernard jumped for joy, tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes.
听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。
9.tear n．眼泪；泪水 vt.(tore, torn)撕破；撕扯
归纳拓展
(1)in tears流着泪；含着泪
burst into tears突然大哭起来
fight/hold back tears强忍住泪水
(2)tear sth. apart撕碎某物
tear sth. down推倒；拆毁(建筑物)
tear sth. up把(纸/布)撕碎
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The boy stood there, looking at his friend _____ tears.
②I don't know what it was in the novel that made him burst _____ tears.
in
into
写作运用提能
③看着这个绝望的女士，我忍不住掉下了眼泪。眼里噙着泪水，我拥抱她，尽力安慰她。她把头靠在我的肩膀上，大哭起来，哭诉着她自己的不幸遭遇。
Seeing the woman in despair, I __________________________.With my eyes ___________，I tried to comfort her by hugging her.She rested her head on my shoulder and _____________，sobbing out the story of her unfortunate experience.
④妈妈不经允许就撕开我的信，我捶胸痛哭。
My mother _____________________ without my permission and I wailed with my fists beating my chest.
couldn't fight/hold back tears
in tears
burst into tears
tore my letter open
佳句背诵
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)“I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly.
“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。
10.To a person nothing is more precious than their life ...
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵的了……
归纳拓展
本句中形容词比较级与否定词连用，表达最高级含义。常用的否定词有：no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等，其意义为：没有比这更……的了。
名师点津
can/could never/not＋形容词/副词＋enough/too＋形容词/副词表示“再……也不为过；越……越……”。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Mr. Smith is a great teacher—I really couldn't find a _________(good) teacher.
写作运用提能
②(2022·全国乙卷，书面表达)与他人用英语聊天是最好的学习英语的方法。
It couldn't be _________ to chat with others in English in English study.
better
better
③对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。(读后续写之升华句)
To us, nothing is ___________________________________ to those in trouble.
④我深信没人比我们班长更适合在幼儿园帮你的了。(应用文写作之推荐信)
I hold the strong belief that _______________________ to assist you in the kindergarten than our monitor.
more important than passing on kindness
nobody is more suitable
佳句背诵
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)John was the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help Bernard out of the difficulty.
约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。
11.She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科有史以来第一位被聘为住院医师的女性。
归纳拓展
(1)此句中的不定式to be hired...作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前面有the only, the last, the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)在time, way, chance, ability, promise, attempt等名词后，常用不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2023·山东省潍坊市期末)China has detailed measures to boost its climate change monitoring and risk prevention capabilities, marking a significant step forward in the country's efforts _____________(enhance) its climate resilience(气候适应性)．
to enhance
写作运用提能
②我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。
I can speak fluent English and I am ___________________________ ________ for further study.There is no doubt that I am ________________ ______________________.
③我不能错过这样一个增进彼此了解的宝贵机会。
I can't afford to miss such a precious chance ____________________ _______________.
the only student in my class to go
abroad
the best person to be
responsible for the job
to strengthen each other's
understanding
佳句背诵
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The next moment saw the mother's surprise and happiness when she tasted the breakfast prepared for her by the twins.
紧接着，当母亲品尝到双胞胎为她准备的早餐时，她又惊又喜。
12.The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
新中国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键的作用。
归纳拓展
(1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。
(2)find, witness, say, experience等词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩。
多维训练
写作运用提能
①(2020·天津卷)此外，还播放了关于这三年生活的视频，它们见证了我们成长的整个过程。
What's more, videos about the three years' life, which _______________ _____________________________，were played.
②(2022·全国甲卷)不幸的是，随着我们经济的发展，近年来目睹了海洋被污染了。
Unfortunately, as our economy advances, recent years _______________ ______________________.
witnessed the
whole process of our growth
have seen the
oceans being polluted
关键能力 对点习得
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)Road ____________(accident), which had fallen for years, are now rising __________(sharp)．
解析：考查名词的数。句意：交通事故数年来一直在下降，现在却急剧上升。根据谓语are rising可知填名词复数作主语。
2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared _____ the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
解析：考查介词。句意：虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。be scared of...“害怕……”。
accidents
sharply
of
3．(牛津高阶)Don't leave toys lying around—someone might trip _______ them.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：不要把玩具到处乱放，有人可能会被它们绊倒。trip over“被……绊倒”。
4．(2022·全国乙卷)In spring, the snow was replaced __________ mud over ice.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：春来之后，积雪被冰上的泥泞所替代。replace... with/by...“用……替换……”。
over
by/with
5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly”(but quite eatable) vegetables ___________(reject) by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少原本很好的食物被扔掉了——从“丑陋”(但还可以吃)的被杂货店拒绝的蔬菜，到大量没吃的被扔进餐馆的垃圾桶的菜。由句意可知，填过去分词作后置定语。
rejected
6．(2023·全国甲卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing __________(harm)gases, such as carbon dioxide.
解析：考查词性转换。句意：也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。形容词修饰名词gases。
7．(2022·浙江1月卷) Ms.Burdeyney is a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after _____________(retire)．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：Burdeyney女士是一名训练有素的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。after是介词，介词后用名词作宾语。
harmful
retirement
8．The manager asked his staff to carry _____ with the market research as usual when he was on his business trip.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：经理出差时要求员工像往常一样继续进行市场调查。carry on with“继续”。
9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has ____________ (flexible)．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：如果你还没有开始锻炼的话，最好是在中年后期，这时心脏还有弹性。名词作has的宾语。
on
flexibility
10．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Sarah made the phone call to cancel an ______________(appoint)．
解析：考查词性转换。句意：萨拉打电话来取消约会。冠词an修饰名词。
appointment
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
1．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①(2022·全国乙卷)Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效)across the board. _______________
②(2022·全国甲卷)When you put them down between bites，always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you._________________
③(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)People with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport._________________
n．运行；操作
n．(咬下的)一口
n．个人经历；履历
2．选出sharp的汉语意思
A.adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的 B．adj.锋利的
C．adj.突然转向的 D．adj.敏锐的　
E．adj.尖锐的　 F．adj.深刻的，犀利的
①(2020·浙江卷)He exposed his sharp teeth, glaring at us as he ran forward._____
②(2020·浙江卷)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age._____
B
D
③Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town._____
④The car made a sharp turn to the left._____
⑤(2022·全国甲卷)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it._____
⑥(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness and aging._____
A
C
E
F
核心素养 双写培优
Ⅰ.应用文写作运用(人物介绍——最尊敬的人)
1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子
①当说到我最尊敬的人时，第一个出现在我脑海里的人是李叔叔。(不定式作定语)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
②十年前，他就被聘为我们社区的警卫。
_______________________________________________________
When it comes to the person I respect most, the first man to come to my mind is Uncle Li.　
He was hired to work as a guard in our community a decade ago.
③虽然他的工作可能很无聊，但他从不抱怨，而且往往精力充沛。
______________________________________________________________________________
④他总是第一个帮助那些有困难的人解决他们困境的人。
____________________________________________________________________
Though his work may be boring, he never complains about it and tends to be energetic.　
He is always the first one to assist those in trouble to solve their dilemmas.　
⑤他总会耐心回答其他人的问题，并且不遗余力地提供许多实用的建议。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
⑥被他的无私贡献所感动，人们已选他为我们社区的榜样。
____________________________________________________________________________
He will respond to others' questions patiently and spare no effort to provide a great deal of practical advice.　
Moved by his selfless devotion, people has elected him as a role model in our community.　
2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
参考范文：
When it comes to the person I respect most, the first man to come to my mind is Uncle Li.
He was hired to work as a guard in our community a decade ago.Though his work may be boring, he never complains about it and tends to be energetic. Besides, he is always the first one to assist those in trouble to solve their dilemmas. What's more, he will respond to others' questions patiently and spare no effort to provide a great deal of practical advice.
Therefore, moved by his selfless devotion, people has elected him as a role model in our community.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
情感描写之“感激”和“感动”
素材积累
必备单词 形容词：thankful, grateful, moving, moved, touching, touched, 副词：gratefully, 名词：gratitude, appreciation, 动词： move, appreciate, thank, touch
高级词块 1.shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的泪水　　　　　　
2.be moved to tears 感动得落泪
3.owe sb. a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人
4.with gratitude/appreciation 感激地
5.have a deep gratitude towards对……深怀感激
6.be deeply moved/touched by... 被……深深感动
素材运用
第一步　按要求完成下列句子。
1．彼得差点撞上一辆路过的汽车，那时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。
_______________________________________________________________________________(be doing...when...)
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to the safe place.
2．感激的泪水顺着彼得的脸颊流下，他感激地说：“今天你救了我。我对你感激不尽。”
→______________________________________________________________________________________________________(简单句)
→_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (with复合结构)
Tears of gratitude rolled down his cheeks.Peter said thankfully, “You've saved me today.I couldn't thank you enough.”
With tears of gratitude rolling down his cheeks, Peter said thankfully, “You've saved me today.I couldn't thank you enough.”
3．看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
__________________________________________________________ (it作形式主语)
4．当这位过路人接过一个小男孩的鲜花时，他感激地笑起来。
______________________________ as he accepted the flowers given by a small boy.(介词短语)
It was very moving to see how much strangers could care for each other.
The passer-by smiled with gratitude
5．人群被深深地感动了，更大声地拍手。
_______________________,the crowd clapped their hands even more loudly.(非谓语动词作状语)
6．了解事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下了喜悦和感激的泪水。
Knowing what had happened, ________________________________ __________.(名词；简单句)
Touched/Moved deeply
Peter's mother shed tears of joy and
gratitude
第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
参考范文：
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to the safe place.With tears of gratitude rolling down his cheeks, Peter said thankfully, “You've saved me today.I couldn't thank you enough.”It was very moving to see how much strangers could care for each other.The passer-by smiled with gratitude as he accepted the flowers given by a small boy.Touched/Moved deeply, the crowd clapped their hands even more loudly.Later, knowing what had happened, Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude.
直击高考 · 精准落实
真题感悟
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)
“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright.Yes, I'll do it.”
I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies
1．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1？____
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn't good at sports.
C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D．She's unable to meet her schedule.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”可知，这位家长让作者最后再考虑她，如果没有其他人当志愿者，她才会做。由此可知，她不想做志愿者工作。故选C。
C
2．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean？____
A．Encourage teamwork. B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds. D．Provide advice.
解析：词义猜测题。开头提到这位家长不愿当志愿者，再根据第二段的“She may just need a little persuading.”以及下文作者提到的两个例子可知，作者是想让她内心有所触动。对比四个选项可知，B项正确。故选B。
B
3．What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3？____
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She'll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”可知，这位家长安排就餐时间表、发送电子邮件，并且为季末礼品筹款。这些都可表明她是一位好帮手。故选D。
D
4．Why does the author like doing volunteer work？____
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，志愿者工作给她带来了快乐。故选B。
B
理清脉络
语言能力
(一)高级词块
1．anxiety n．焦虑
2．invaluable adj.极宝贵的
3．be off the hook摆脱困境
4．coach vt.训练，培训，指导
5．couple v．(把车辆或设备等)连接；结合
(二)长难句突破
That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.
分析：这是一个复合句，of后面是一个why引导的_____从句。冒号后的句子用来解释a deep understanding, 其中动词-ing短语Connecting to the community是句子的主语，as引导_____从句。
翻译：和这种宽慰在一起的是深入地理解了为什么同样的人们会一直回来做更多的事情：当你大量地付出你的时间、金钱、技术或服务时，和社区的联系会提供一种真正的快乐。
宾语
状语