中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题(02)重要语法练习
单项选择
1.—Would you mind me here
— . The seat is for Mr. White.
A.sitting; course not B.to sit; Not at all
C.sitting; Better not D.to sit; Yes.
2.— Are you going to Jim's party
— It's impolite to ______________ his invitation, right He is so kind and friendly.
A.refuse B.accept C.return D.receive
3.My grandpa always does Taiji after he gets up every morning. He has had the good ______________ for many years.
A.exercise B.result C.hobby D.habit
4.Hangzhou is famous ______________ the West Lake, and it is also famous ______________ an old city.
A.as; for B.as; as C.for; as D.for; for
5.You'd better _______________. Don't spend too much time ______________ computer games.
A.stop; playing B.to stop; to play
C.stop; play D.stopping; playing
6.Ding Junhui is not in China. He has gone ______________. He often practices playing snooker(斯诺克台球) in the UK.
A.away B.abroad C.back D.around
7.— Have you finished your homework
— Not ______________.
A.already B.just C.yet D.ever
8.— I always get nervous when I start a(n) ______________ with others.
— Take it easy. Believe in yourself.
A.expression B.introduction C.communication D.celebration
9.— Where is Mr. Li
— Mr. Li ______________ England. He ______________ London for two weeks.
A.has been to; has been to B.has gone to; has been in
C.has been to; has been in D.has gone to; has been to
10.I __________ you for a long time. Where _____________
A.haven't seen; have you gone B.haven't seen; have you been
C.didn't see; have you been D.didn't see; have you gone
11.— Where is Mike
— He _____to New York on business. He _______ the airport at five in the morning.
A.has gone; has left B.has been; has left
C.has gone; left for D.has been; left for
12.—When did the mother _____ her husband's letter
—She _______ a letter from him since last Friday.
A.receive, has heard B.receive, has had
C.hear from, has heard D.receive, has received
13.Tom _______ for five years.
A.married B.got married
C.was married D.has been married
14.— Have you ever seen_____ one-eyed elephant
— No, never. And you
A.a B.an C.any D.some
15.—Could you please go bike riding with me next Sunday
— . I have to take part in singing competition.
A.Of course B.Sorry, I can't
C.No, you couldn't D.Thanks, I will
16.You can not go out with your friends you finish your homework.
A.when B.while C.since D.until
17.—Excuse me. May I _____ your book
—Sorry, I _____ it to Tina yesterday.
A.lend; borrowed B.borrow; lent
C.lend; lent D.borrow; borrowed
18.—She doesn't love to do housework.
— .
A.So do I B.So I do C.Neither do I D.Neither I do
19.—Did Jane have _____ nosebleed again
—Yes, she did. I think she should go to _____ hospital.
A.an; / B.a; the C./; a D.the; a
20.—Why didn't you go to play football with us yesterday afternoon
—I _____ my mother with the housework then.
A.helped B.was helping C.am helping D.help
21.Don't let the fire , or it will be very cold in this place.
A.take down B.fall down C.die down D.write down
22.—Hi, you walk on the grass.
—Sorry, I do it again.
A.can't; won't B.needn't; won't
C.mustn't; will D.shouldn't; can
23.—Why not with a fantastic dog
—That's a good idea.
A.cheering him up B.cheer him up
C.to cheer up him D.cheer up him
24.The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in _____ is very important.
A.themselves B.herself C.ourselves D.himself
25.If you are _____, British people usually say "Excuse me" or they are polite to wait till you move.
A.on the way B.in the way C.by the way D.in this way
26.It's kind you to help me with the physics problem and now it's easier me to understand it.
A.of; for B.for; of C.of; to D.to; for
27.—Where is your father
—He Paris and he there for two weeks.
A.has been to; will stay B.has gone to; will stay
C.has been to; stayed D.has gone to; stayed
28.People should not burn wheat stubble (秸秆), for it can lots of smoke and causes serious air pollution.
A.protect B.prevent C.provide D.produce
29. June 5th, World Environment Day, a class meeting was held to call on us to go green.
A.On B.In C.At D./
30.As a new student, Jack doesn't know in our class.
A.what to expect B.when to expect C.how to expect D.who to expect
二、适当形式填空
1.The little girl fell (sleep) in her mother's arms.
2.My mother passed some (match) to me in the dark.
3.It was snowing when we made (we) way to my grandpa's house.
4.Why do you often keep in (silent) when others say hello to you
5.Some people were born with intellectual (disable).
6.You shouldn't cut in while your parents (talk).
7.
If you touch the screen, you (see) some videos of the city.
8.I know the song "Memory" comes from the famous Broadway (music), Cats.
9. (sail) is a kind of exciting sport.
10.
When Jane woke up after a dream, she found (she) under the bed.
11.
The children came in, (talk) and laughing.
12.
Everyone except the twins (be) in the classroom now.
13.I'm sorry that I didn't answer your phone. I (listen) to music and didn't hear the ring.
14.—Thank you for giving me so much help.
—It's a (please).
15.It
takes me long to get to school every day because I live in the (north) part of the city.
16."All
of us (run) very hard. We are all dream
chasers(追逐)." President Xi said in his New
Year speech.
17.—Look! Whose are these books on the floor
— I have no idea.
Maybe they are those (guide) under the tree.
18.The
ring he bought is even (tiny) than those I have ever seen .
19.Everyone
except Peter and Andy (not decide) when and where to go yet.
20.—Hi, Cindy. You have returned from HongKong
—Yes. I (stay) there for a week.
【答案解析】
一、1.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——你介意我坐在这里吗?——最好不要。这个座位是给怀特先生的。根据“mind doing sth,介意做某事”可知,此处要用动词ing形式;根据下文 The seat is for Mr. White可知,这个位置是给怀特先生的,说明不可以坐在这里,但对于“Would you mind doing”的回答需要用委婉的语句。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配和情景用语。注意识记固定短语的搭配和意思,以及用Would you来提问的相关的肯定回答和否定回答。
2.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你去参加吉姆的派对吗?——拒绝他的邀请是不礼貌的,对吧?他是如此善良和友好。A refuse拒绝;B accept接受;C return归还;D receive接收。根据impolite可知拒绝邀请不礼貌。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意识记refuse的用法。
3.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:我爷爷每天早上起床后都会打太极拳。多年来,他一直保持良好的习惯。A exercise练习;B result结果;C hobby爱好;D habit习惯。根据My grandpa always does Taiji after he gets up every morning.可知这是好习惯。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记habit的用法。
4.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:杭州因为西湖而著名,也作为古城而著名。固定搭配be famous for,因为……而著名;be famous as,作为……而著名。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意be famous for和be famous as的用法区别。
5.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:你最好停下来。不要花太多时间在电脑游戏上。固定搭配,had better do sth,最好做某事。固定搭配,spend...(in) doing sth,花费时间做某事。故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配had better do sth和spend...(in) doing sth。
6.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:丁俊晖不在中国。他去了外国。他经常在英国练习打斯诺克台球。A away离开;B abroad在国外;C back回来;D around在周围。根据Ding Junhui is not in China. 可知他去了外国。故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意根据句意选择合适的选项。
7.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——你已经完成你的作业了吗?——还没有。A already已经,常用于肯定句中,常放在句中;B just仅仅;C yet还,常用于否定句和疑问句中,放在句尾;D ever曾经。根据Not可知是否定回答,又在句尾,故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意already和yet的用法区别。
8.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——当我与他人开始交流时,我总是会感到紧张。——别紧张。相信你自己。A expression表达;B introduction介绍;C communication交流;D celebration庆祝。固定搭配,communicate with sb,和某人交流。communicate的名词形式是communication。故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意固定搭配communicate with sb的用法。注意communicate的名词形式是communication。
9.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——李先生在哪里?——李先生去了英国。他在伦敦呆了两周了。 has been to去过,强调去了又回来了;has gone to去了,强调去了但是还没回来; has been in表示呆在某地。 He ______________ London for two weeks. 可知李先生还没回来,因此第一个空选has gone to;根据for two weeks可知用延续性动词 。故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意has been to、has gone to和has been in的区别。
10.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:我很长时间没看见你了。你去哪了?根据for a long time,可知时态为现在完成时,排除C和D;have gone去了,未回;have been去过,已回;根据句意可知是还没有回来,故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记现在完成时的用法。
11.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——麦克在哪里?——他去纽约出差了。他早上五点离开去了机场。have gone to,去了,未回;have been to,去过,已回;根据句意可知去了纽约没回来,排除B和D;根据at five in the morning,可知该句为一般过去时;故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记have gone to和have been to的区别。
12.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——母亲什么时候收到她丈夫的信的?——她从上周五开始就收到了他的信。receive收到,hear from收到某人的来信;根据答语since last Friday,可知时态为现在完成时,且动词应为延续性动词,have为延续性动词,表“拥有”,hear与receive均为短暂性动词;故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记现在完成时动词的用法。
13.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆已经结婚五年了。时间状语for five years用于现在完成时,have/has+过去分词,主语Tom,第三人称单数形式,助动词用has,marry结婚,瞬间动词,marry和get married,不能和一段时间连用,排除答案A和B,要用be married,be过去分词为been,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记marry,get married和be married词义及用法,掌握for+一段时间,用于现在完成时,动词要用延续性动词。
14.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你见过一头独眼大象吗?——不,从来没有。你呢?不定冠词a/an,表示数量“一”,后接可数名词单数,元音音素前用an,辅音音素前用a;any一些,用于否定句和疑问句;some一些,用于肯定句。这里指“一头独眼大象”one-eyed辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,故选A。
【点评】考查词语辨析。注意识记不定冠词,any及 some词义及区别,掌握不定冠词a/an,表示数量“一”用法。
15.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——下周日你能和我一起去骑自行车吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须去参加歌唱比赛。A:Of course,当然;B:Sorry, I can't对不起,我不能;C:No, you couldn't,不,你不能;D:Thanks, I will,谢谢,我会的。根据下文I have to take part in singing competition.我必须去参加歌唱比赛,可知不能去了,故选B。
【点评】考查交际用语,注意根据不同的语境选择正确答语。
16.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:直到你完成作业,你才能和你的朋友出去。A:when,当……时;B:while,与此同时;C:since,自从;D:until,直到。固定搭配,not…until,直到……才……,故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句引导词辨析,注意识记固定搭配,not…until。
17.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——打扰一下,我可以借你的书吗?——对不起,我昨天把它借给蒂娜了。固定搭配,borrow sb's sth. ,借某人的某物;lend sth. to sb.,把某物借给某人,根据may,情态动词,后跟动词原形,yesterday,昨天,可知是动词过去式,故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析,注意区分不同动词的用法和固定搭配。
18.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——她不爱做家务。——我也不。A:So do I,我也是,用于肯定句式;B:So I do,确实如此;用于肯定句式;C:Neither do I,我也不;用于否定句式;D:Neither I do,用于否定句式,我也不是,根据She doesn't love to do housework.她不爱做家务,为否定句式,可知是我也不爱做家务,故选C。
【点评】考查固定句式的辨析,注意识别句子So do I;So I do; Neither do I;Neither I do。
19.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——简又流鼻血了吗?——是的。我认为她应该去医院。固定搭配,have a nosebleed,流鼻血;go to the hospital,去医院。故选B。
【点评】考查冠词的用法,注意识别固定搭配,have a nosebleed;go to the hospital。
20.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——昨天下午你为什么不和我们一起去踢足球呢?——那时我要帮助我妈妈做家务。固定搭配,help sb. with sth.,帮助某人做某事,根据问句里面yesterday afternoon,昨天下午,可知是一般过去时态,then,那时,可知是过去的那个时候正在做某事,是过去进行时态,be动词为was,故选B。
【点评】考查过去进行时态,注意识别动词在不同时态里面的构成形式。
21.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:不要让火熄灭,否则这个地方会很冷。A:take down,取下;B:fall down,失败,跌倒;C:die down,平息,熄灭;D:write down,写下,根据句子or it will be very cold in this place.否则这个地方会很冷,可知是不要让火熄灭,故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意识别短语take down,fall down,die down,write down。
22.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——嗨,你不能在草地上走。——对不起,我不会再那样做了。A:can't,不能; won't 不会;B:needn't,不需要; won't,不会;C:mustn't,一定不能; will,将会;D:shouldn't,不应该; can,能。根据walk on the grass,在草地上走,可知是不能在上面走;答语里面说不会再那样做了,须用will not,缩写为won't,故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词的用法,注意区分can't; won't;needn't;mustn't; will;shouldn't; can。
23.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——为什么不用一只神奇的狗让他高兴起来呢?——那是个好主意。固定搭配,cheer up,使振作起来,当宾语是人称代词宾格的时候,要放在短语中间,Why not句型,后跟动词原形,故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据语境和人称,运用正确的形式。
24.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】j句意:《我相信我能飞》这首歌告诉我们,相信自己很重要。A:themselves,他们自己;B:herself,她自己;C:ourselves,我们自己;D:himself,他自己。根据句中tells us,告诉我们,可知后面也是相信我们自己,故选C。
【点评】考查反身代词的用法。注意根据不同的主语来运用相应人称的反身代词。
25.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你挡了路,英国人通常会说“借过”,或者他们会有礼貌地等着你走开。on the way在路上,in the way挡道;by the way,顺便问;in this way用这种方式;根据 British people usually say "Excuse me" or they are polite to wait till you move. 可知是你挡道的时候,故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。理解句意并识记in the way的用法。
26.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:你真好,帮我解了这道物理题,现在我理解起来容易多了。it's+形容词 for/of sb to do sth 如果句型中的形容词用来形容人的,如kind,nice等,用of;如果形容词是说后面的不定式怎么样,如easy,hard,difficult,necessary等,用for;根据kind,用于形容人,可知第一个空用of;根据easier,用于修饰我理解题目这件事,因此用for,故答案为A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记固定搭配中介词的用法。
27.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你爸爸呢?——他去了巴黎,将在那里呆两个星期。has been to去过某地,人已回来;has gone to去了某地,人还没有回来;will stay将停留,一般将来时;stayed待,停留,一般过去时;根据Where is your father 可知人还没有回来,用has gone to,第二个空用一般将来时,故答案为B。
【点评】考查has gone to和一般将来时的用法。注意识记现在完成时和一般将来时的用法。
28.【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:人们不应该焚烧秸秆,因为它会产生大量的烟雾,造成严重的空气污染。protect保护;prevent阻止;provide提供;produce产生,生产; 根据People should not burn wheat stubble ,结合常识可知禁止焚烧秸秆是因为产生烟雾,造成污染,故答案为D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。理解句意并识记动词produce的用法。
29.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:在6月5日,世界环境日,举行了一次班会,呼吁我们去绿色。on/in/at都可以做时间介词,on后跟具体的某一天或某一天的上午,下午或晚上;in后跟年份,月份,季节,上午,下午或晚上;at后跟的具体时间点;根据June 5th可知是六月五日,具体的某一天,用on,故答案为A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记时间介词的用法。
30.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:作为一名新学生,杰克不能预测到在我们班会发生什么事。expect预期,及物动词,疑问副词不能做宾语,排除BC,根据句意可知应该是预期什么,what符合题意,故答案为A。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析。注意识记expect的用法。
二、1.【答案】asleep
【解析】【分析】句意:小女孩在妈妈的怀抱里睡着了。sleep,睡觉,动词,根据fall asleep,入睡,固定短语,fall此处做系动词,根据孩子睡着了,fall应为过去式fell,后面应为sleep的形容词形式,故填asleep。
【点评】考查词性转变,注意识记短语fall asleep。
2.【答案】matches
【解析】【分析】句意:我妈妈在黑暗中递给我一些火柴。match,火柴,可数名词,根据passed some,可知一些火柴,须用复数形式,match是以ch结尾的可数名词,故填matches。
【点评】考查名词拼写,注意可数名词的单复数。
3.【答案】our
【解析】【分析】句意:当我们去我爷爷家的时候,天正在下雪。we,我们,人称代词,make one's way to ,在去……的路上,固定搭配,此处须为we的形容词性物主代词our,故填our。
【点评】考查词性转换,注意we的形容词性物主代词为our。
4.【答案】silence
【解析】【分析】句意:为什么别人跟你打招呼的时候你经常保持沉默?silent,沉默的,形容词,keep in silence,保持沉默,固定搭配,故填silence。
【点评】考查词性转换,注意识记短语keep in silence。
5.【答案】disabilities
【解析】【分析】句意:有些人天生有智障。intellectual,智力的,脑力的,形容词修饰名词,disable, 使丧失能力;使伤残;动词,disability缺陷,障碍,可数名词,此处复数名词作宾语,故答案为:disabilities。
【点评】考查动词转换为名词。注意名词作介词宾语。
6.【答案】are talking
【解析】【分析】句意:当你父母正在谈话时你不应该插嘴。 talk谈话,动词;根据句意和句子结构可知,此处是while引导的时间状语从句,且表示主句动作发生时,从句动作正在发生,所以用现在进行时,用be doing形式,此处主语是名词复数,所以谓语动词用系动词are,故填are talking。
【点评】考查时间状语从句和现在进行时及主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的时态,注意主谓一致。
7.【答案】will see
【解析】【分析】句意: 如果你触摸屏幕,你就可以看到这个城市的一些视频。 see看到,动词;分析句子结构可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现原则可知,从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作,主句应该用一般将来时,用will do形式,故填will see。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句和一般将来时。注意if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现原则。
8.【答案】musical
【解析】【分析】句意:我知道《记忆》这首歌来自于著名的百老汇音乐剧《猫》。music,音乐,名词,根据Cats是大写首字母,结合常识可知《猫》是一个音乐剧,所以此处填入音乐剧musical,故答案为musical。
【点评】考查语法填空。注意结合句意填写正确的单词。
9.【答案】Sailing
【解析】【分析】句意:帆船运动是一种令人兴奋的运动。句子缺少主语,应为名词,代词或者动名词形式。sail,动词,航行,其动名词形式sailing,帆船运动,符合题意,位于句首首字母大写,故答案为Sailing。
【点评】考查动名词。主语识记sailing的用法。
10.【答案】herself
【解析】【分析】句意:简做了个梦醒来,发现自己躺在床底下。根据句子结构可知这里是宾语,跟主语是同一个人,应该用反身代词,结合所给代词she,其反身代词是herself,故答案为herself。
【点评】考查反身代词。注意识记反身代词herself的用法。
11.【答案】talking
【解析】【分析】句意:孩子们进来了,有说有笑。 talk 聊天,谈话,动词。根据句子结构,可知本句不缺谓语,and连接前后词性保持一致,即都用动名词,表伴随,talk的动名词是talking,故答案为talking 。
【点评】考查现在分词。注意根据句子结构,判断动词的适当形式。
12.【答案】is
【解析】【分析】句意:除了那对双胞胎,所有人现在都在教室里。be 是。当except连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词跟前面的名词保持一致,即与everyone保持一致,根据不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数,be的单数是is,故答案为is。
【点评】考查主谓一致。注意识记“不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数”的用法。
13.【答案】was listening
【解析】【分析】句意:很抱歉我没接你的电话。我在听音乐,没听到铃声。打电话和听音乐两个动作同时发生,时态应用过去进行时,其构成was/were doing sth.,故答案为:was listening。
【点评】此题考查过去进行时。根据语境和上下文的联系确定句子时态。
14.【答案】pleasure
【解析】【分析】句意:——谢谢你给我这么多帮助。——别客气,不用谢。不定冠词a后面跟可数名词单数,可知填名词;please:使……高兴,动词;名词是pleasure,It's a pleasure:别客气,不用谢。故答案为:pleasure。
【点评】此题考查动词转换为名词。不定冠词后名词单数。
15.【答案】northern
【解析】【分析】句意:我每天上学要花很长时间,因为我住在城市的北部。本词修饰名词part,可知填形容词。north:北部,名词;形容词northern:北部的,北方的。故答案为:northern。
【点评】此题考查名词转换为形容词。注意形容词修饰名词。
16.【答案】are running
【解析】【分析】句意:“我们所有人都在拼命跑。我们都是追梦人。”习主席在他的新年演讲中说。根据We are all dream chasers(我们都是追梦人)可知上文"我们所有人都在拼命跑。"时态使用现在进行时,其构成am/is/are + doing sth.;结合句意和所给词可知填are running 。
【点评】此题考查现在进行时。根据上下文的联系确定句子时态。
17.【答案】guides'
【解析】【分析】句意:——看!地板上的书是谁的?——我不知道。也许他们是树下的那些导游的。根据those可知后面的名词使用复数形式。结合句意可知指"那些导游的书",可知填名词所有格修饰名词;guide:导游,复数是guides,复数名词所有格是guides'。故答案为:guides'。
【点评】此题考查名词所有格。注意复数名词的所有格形式。
18.【答案】tinier
【解析】【分析】句意:他买的戒指比我见过的还要小。根据than(比,引出比较的第二部分对象)可知此句使用比较级。tiny:极小的,微小的,比较级是tinier。故答案为:tinier。
【点评】此题考查形容词比较级。比较词than是比较级结构的标志。
19.【答案】hasn't decided
【解析】【分析】句意:除了彼得和安迪,其他人都还没有决定什么时候去和去哪里。yet(还,仍然),一般用于现在完成时的否定句,其构成have/has not done sth.根据主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has,故答案为:hasn't decided。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时。根据时间状语确定句式的时态,yet通常用在现在完成时的否定结构。
20.【答案】stayed
【解析】【分析】句意:——嗨,辛蒂。你从香港回来了?——是的。我在那里呆了一个星期。此处指过去发生的事情,表达对过去的事情陈述。故答案为:stayed。
【点评】此题考查一般过去时。根据语境确定句子的时态。
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