人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage课件(共60张PPT)

(共60张PPT)
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
研真题 链接高考
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1. __________ adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2. __________ vi.(__________, __________)沉没;下沉;下降　vt.使下沉;使沉没
3. __________ n.毯子
4. __________ adj.痛苦的;令人难受的
5. __________ adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的
6. __________ adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的
bitter
sink
sank/sunk
sunk
blanket
miserable
genuine
thorough
7. __________ n.家具
8. __________ vi.& n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声
9. __________ n.球拍;蝙蝠　vi.& vt.用球板击球;挥打;拍打
10. __________ adj.潮湿的;湿气重的
11. __________ n.侄子;外甥
12. __________ adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的
13. __________ n.候选人;应试者
furniture
bark
bat
damp
nephew
rough
candidate
二、派生单词
1. ____________ adj.热情的;热心的
→ ________________ adv.热情地
→ ____________ n.热情;热忱
2. ____________ vt.分派;布置;分配
→ ____________ n.任务;作业;分配
3. ____________ n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
→ ____________ vi.坚持;孜孜以求
4. ____________ vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)　n.决心;坚定的信念
→ ____________ n.决议;解决;坚定
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
assign
assignment
perseverance
persevere
resolve
resolution
5. ____________ adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的
→ ____________ adv.残忍地;残酷地
→ ____________ n.残忍;残酷
6. ____________ adv.不幸地;遗憾地
→ ____________ (反) adv.幸运地
→ ____________ n.运气;财产
→ ____________ adj.幸运的
7. ____________ n.指导;引导;导航
→ ____________ n.导游;指南　vt.带领;引导;为……领路
8. ____________ n.承诺;保证;奉献
→ ___________ vt.犯(错误、罪行等)　vi.& vt.(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证→ ____________ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
cruel
cruelly
cruelty
unfortunately
fortunately
fortune
fortunate
guidance
guide
commitment
commit
committed
三、重点短语
1. ______________拒绝(某人)
2. ______________ 生火
3. ______________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4. ______________ 梦想
5. _____________________ 保持某人高昂的情绪
6. _____________________ 对……充满热情
turn sb down
make fire
give off
dream of/about
keep one's spirits up
be enthusiastic about
7. ____________________ 陷于
8. ____________________ 扔掉
9. ____________________ 使某人振作起来
10. ____________________ 每况愈下
11. ____________________对……厌倦
12. ____________________回报某人
become/be stuck in
throw away
cheer sb up
go from bad to worse
be bored with
pay sb back
四、典型句式
1.感叹句
教材原句:How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
2.as...as...
教材原句:How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
3.as long as 只要
教材原句:It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
4.if引导的虚拟条件句
教材原句:If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.When I learned that I failed in the exam,my heart __________(sink).
2.She was sitting in an armchair with __________(blanket) wrapped around her.
3.When she arrived home from work,the dog threw itself against the door and __________(bark) madly at her.
sank/sunk
blankets
barked
4.Look at the cat,which ____________________(bat) the balloon with its paw.
5.We have narrowed down the list to four __________(candidate).
6.Oliver had never seen a dirtier or ________________ (miserable) place.
7.She has three __________(nephew),one of whom works abroad.
8.The __________(rough) road is often the one that leads you to the top.
is batting
candidates
more miserable
nephews
roughest
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Today I am as ______________about my job as the first day and my ______________enables me to treat my job ______________.(enthusiastic)
2.Believe it or not,my husband was __________to me and his __________　always made me in low spirits.(cruel)
3._____________,he received a large __________from his uncle who is warm-hearted and generous.(fortunate)
4.He ____________himself to working day and night.His ____________won him a great reputation.(commit)
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
cruel
cruelty
Fortunately
fortune
committed
commitment
5.He __________with his violin lessons.It was his ________________that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist.(persevere)
6.Under the __________of the qualified __________,we traveled around the places of interest very happily.(guide)
7.He __________me to the difficult _____________,so I couldn't waste any time.(assign)
8.Instead of __________to lose weight,try a practical __________:“I'll stop having dessert for lunch.”(resolve)
resolution
persevered
perseverance
guidance
guide
assigned
assignment
resolving
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.She tried to ____________________the disappointed child when he failed to win the prize.
2.William wanted to join the basketball team,but the coach __________him __________for his being short.
3.Nancy and her sister picked some branches,_______________ and prepared dinner in the open air.
cheer up
turned
down
made fire
4.The man decided to quit drinking when he realised his health was ________________________.
5.Their car ____________________the mud,and they had no choice but to wait for help.
6.To the manager's astonishment,all the staff ________________________the project.
were enthusiastic about
going from bad to worse
was stuck in
Ⅳ.微写作
1.这对双胞胎给妈妈带来了多愉悦的惊喜啊!
______________________________ the twins gave to the mother!
2.我一直和我的同学相处得不好,我不知道如何和他们一样热情地交流。
I have been getting on/along badly with my classmates and I don't know
________________________________________________.
3.只要我们人类肩并肩行动起来,“携手并进,共创未来”的口号就能够实现。
_____________________________ shoulder to shoulder,the motto “Together for a shared future” will come true.
4.如果我听从了他的建议,我就已经实现目标了。
____________________________,I would have achieved my goal.
If I had followed his advice
What a delightful surprise
how to communicate as enthusiastically as they do
As long as we humans take action
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.turn down 拒绝;调低(音量)
[练会]单句语法填空
①If you turn __________,you might find it easier to get to sleep.
②Don't worry,and I'm sure your missing glasses will turn________ sooner or later.
③Not knowing how to deal with the problem,I turned __________
the teacher for help.
原因状语
over
up
to
[写美]词汇和句式升级·背诵
④Because he didn't make full preparations for the interview,he was refused.
→______________________________________________________,he was ____________________.(非谓语动词作原因状语)
turned down
Not having made full preparations for the interview
归纳turn over 移交;翻转
turn out 关掉;熄灭;在场;结果是
turn up 开大,调高;出现
turn to 转向;求助于
点津如果宾语为代词,需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
佳句He promised that he would come,but he hasn't turned up yet.
他承诺会来,但还没出现。
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→enthusiasm n.热情;热忱→enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地
[练会]单句语法填空
①He is selfish and bad-tempered;thus,he will never be enthusiastic __________helping those in trouble.
②(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Inspired by the ____________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement,David quickened his space in high spirit .
③我不仅热情而且容易相处,这使得我适合报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(应用文之申请信)
________________________________________________________,which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
情绪高涨地
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with
about
enthusiasm
归纳(1)be enthusiastic about(doing) sth 对(做)……热情
(2) lack/full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm热情地
佳句(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Bernard and John still made popcorn enthusiastically/with enthusiasm in spite of several failures.
尽管失败了几次,伯纳德和约翰仍然热情地做爆米花。
3.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board vt.& vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)　n.木板;董事会;伙食→broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的→abroad adv.在/到国外;在/到海外
[练会]微写作
①得知你将去国外深造,我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文之告知信)
__________________________________________,I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don'ts.
告知信常用开头语
Learning that you will go abroad for further study
[写美]一句多译·背诵
②这对年轻夫妇一上船,他们就吃东西、说话、大笑着,好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
→The instant ______________________________________,they were eating,talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
→The instant ______________________________,they were eating,talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(board)
the young couple boarded the ship
the young couple went aboard the ship
归纳(1)go aboard上船(飞机、火车等)
(2)on board 在船(火车或飞机)上
go abroad出国
佳句The plane crashed,killing all 200 people aboard.
飞机失事﹐机上200人全部遇难。
He was tall with broad shoulders and a beard and always wore a broad smile.(读后续写之外貌描写)
他高个、宽肩、留着胡子,总是满面微笑。
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕;忌妒→envious adj.嫉妒的;羡慕的
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was green _________envy because she was really dressed to the teeth at the party.(读后续写之情感描写)
②I __________(envy) him being enthusiastic and full of vigour and it seemed that he never felt exhausted.
I am __________(envy) of you,because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.
穿着华丽
with
envied
envious
[写美]微写作·背诵
④老实说,我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号,我应该向你学习。
Honestly speaking,I ______________________________the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
do envy you getting the title of
归纳(1)envy sb(doing) sth 羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
(2)with envy羡慕地;嫉妒地
green with envy嫉妒地眼红
(3) be envious of羡慕,嫉妒
佳句Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but also he is good at solving tough
problems with logical mind.I am green with envy.
李明不仅学得快,而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题,我都有点眼红了。
部分倒装
5.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的
[练会]单句语法填空
①I heard that you had abandoned __________(carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
②We sang,danced,and laughed __________abandon,forgetting the troubles in our lives.(读后续写之情感描写)
[写美]写作·背诵
③他最后一句话深深地伤了她的心。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。(读后续写之情感描写)
His last word went like a bullet to her heart.______________________________________________.
She burst into tears and abandoned herself to despair
carrying
with
归纳(1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to/be abandoned to(doing) sth 沉湎于(做)……
(2)with abandon放纵地;放任地
佳句(2022全国乙卷)Lacking self-discipline,they may abandon themselves/be abandoned to playing online games.
他们缺乏自律,可能会沉湎于玩网络游戏。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
rough
A.汹涌的;风浪很大的　B.崎岖的　C.粗略的　D.艰难的　E.粗鲁的
①I can't tolerate sailing in rough sea.　　
②He's had a really rough time recently.　　
③(2023全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S.was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.　　
④The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now.　　
⑤He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself.　　
A
D
C
B
E
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.freeze
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.&vt.________________ Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0℃.
vi.____________________　　 Most soups freeze well.
生义 vi.________________________　　 Freeze,or I'll fire.
vi.________________________　　 My old bicycle was so rusty that the gears had frozen.
vt.________________________ ________________________ 　 The government has frozen pensions until the end of next year.
(使)冻结,(使)结冰
冷冻保存(食物)
(尤指出于恐惧等)停住不动
(引擎或锁)卡住,堵塞
阻止……增长;冻结
使(工资、物价等)固定不变,
2.Low
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj.__________　 When we went skiing,I only went on the lower slopes.
adj.________________ They spoke in low voices so I would not hear what they were saying.
生义 adj.________________________ Illness of any sort can leave you feeling low.
adj.______________　 I have a very low opinion of him.
低劣的,劣等的
低的;矮的
(声)低的,小的
忧郁的,情绪低落的,消沉的
重点句型透视
if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句] If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve.
如果没有海洋动物,我们都会饿死。
[练会]单句语法填空
①If my brother were here,everything __________(be) all right.
②They might have found a better hotel if they ____________________(drive) a few more kilometers.
If it ____________________________ (rain) this afternoon,the basketball match would be put off.
would be
had driven
rained/should rain/were to rain
[写美]微写作·背诵
④受邀在这里做演讲我感到荣幸。今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。(应用文之演讲稿)
I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech.Today the topic of my speech is “____________________”.______________________________
　　　　　　　　　 with no rubbish lying on the street.
If I were a dustman,I would make
If I were a dustman
our city cleaner
归纳
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事 实相反 一般过去时(be用were) would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事 实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事 实相反 一般过去时(be用were); should+动词原形:were to+动词原形 would/should/could/might+动词原形
佳句If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow,I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday.
如果我明天看到他,我就会告诉他我在昨天举行的比赛中获得了第一名的好消息。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.When I submitted the regulations I designed to my boss,he turned me __________immediately.
2.Our monitor is enthusiastic __________creating a harmonious campus and he often launches some campaigns to promote it.
3.We have resolved ____________________(reduce) our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
4.I promise that I will be loyal __________the enterprise and I will never quit my job.
5.Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because they won't give __________waste gases.
down
about
to reduce
to
off
B组　高考链接
6.(2023全国乙卷) I think I'm well qualified __________the accountant position here.
7.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷) You can download the __________(apply) and subscribe today to get your first issue free.
8.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the __________(guide)of a trainer for four or more days a week.
9.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷) _____________ (fortunately),it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.
10.(2020江苏卷改编)And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the _____________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
commitment
for
application
guidance
Unfortunately
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
One hundred years ago,exploring the Antarctic was dangerous.Because of the 1.________(cruel) of weather and very little knowledge of how to survive in the Antarctic,the chances of success were quite slim and many explorers 2. _________(die).The people 3. __________ signed up for such voyages were paid low 4. __________(wage) and had to tolerate poor working conditions and rough seas,along with the cold and damp weather.They also had to have a strong resolution 5._________(finish) what they had started no matter how hard it was,great personal discipline,and a firm 6.______________ (commit) to the other members of the team.Yet,many 7.____________________(candidate) still applied
commitment
cruelty
died
who
wages
to finish
candidates
8.________(join) such explorations.Some might have wanted to become famous.Others 9.______________ (look)for rewards.However,the motive for many was 10.________________ (experience) a great adventure.
to experience
to join
were looking
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
续写微情景
第一步　单句写作
1.得知儿子汤姆沉湎于电脑游戏,妈妈的心一沉,接着伤心地哭了起来。(abandon,sink,bitterly)
Learning that her son,Tom,______________________________________,
__________________________ and then she ____________________.
2.她勃然大怒,厉声质问汤姆,“你一直都是一个如此好脾气、真诚、热情、忠诚的男孩子,其他人都羡慕你。”(bark,good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic,loyal,envy)
She exploded with anger and _____________________,“You are always such _____________________________________________________________.”
wept bitterly
was abandoned to computer games
the mother's heart sank
a good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic and loyal boy that others envy you
barked questions at Tom
3.汤姆痛苦地抽泣道:“我不知道如何解决上次考试完全失败的问题。”(miserably,resolve)
Tom ____________________,“I don't know how to ______________________________in the last exam.”
4.听到这里,妈妈冲向汤姆,把他揽入怀中,拍着他的后背,喃喃细语道:“如果你致力于学习,你会取得更大进步的。”(commit)
Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“If ______________________________,you can make much more progress.”
resolve the complete failure
sobbed miserably
you are committed to your study
第二步　句式升级
5.用as long as改写句4。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“As long as you are committed to your study,you can make much more progress.”
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Learning that her son,Tom,was abandoned to computer games,the mother's heart sank and then she wept bitterly.Then,she exploded with anger and barked questions at Tom,“You are always such a good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic and loyal boy that others envy you.” Tom sobbed miserably,“I don't know how to resolve the complete failure in the last exam.” Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“As long as you are committed to your study,you can make much more progress.”
研真题 链接高考
(2022全国乙卷,阅读理解C)——无人机技术在铁路方面的应用
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies,drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,detecting faults in the rail or switches,before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks,drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept:the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead,they could signal any problem,so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
一、理清脉络
二、真题再做
28.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B.Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C.The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D.Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,无人机目前正在被用来检查高压电线,这使得它将被应用于铁路系统成为可能。故选A项。
A
29.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Personnel safety.
B.Assistance from drones.
C.Inspection and repair.
D.Construction of infrastructure.
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”可以推断出,画线单词指的就是“维修,维护”。故选C项。
C
30.What function is expected of the rail drones
A.To provide early warning.
B.To make trains run automatically.
C.To earn profits for the crews.
D.To accelerate transportation.
细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知,人们期盼铁路无人机在未来能够提供预先警报,确保列车能及时应对问题,从而提高安全系数。故选A项。
A
31.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了无人机目前的应用范围以及未来在铁路方面的应用方向,因此“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最能概括文章内容。故选D项。
D
三、语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词义 例句
________ reliability __________ Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year
________ precisely __________ __________ They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
rely
可靠性
precise
精确地,
确切地
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
switch ____________________ They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
n.铁路上的道岔,转辙器
3.积累高频词块
(1)railway operators ____________________
(2)rail/railway tracks ____________________
(3)high-tension electrical lines ____________________
(4)railway lines ____________________
(5)on-time performance ____________________
(6)cut costs ____________________
(7)across the board ____________________
(8)power lines ____________________
(9)perform the task ____________________
(10)earn profits ____________________
铁路运营商,铁路部门
铁路轨道
高压电线
铁路线
准点率
降低成本
整体,全面
电线
执行任务
获利
4.赏析续写佳句
The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
越是定期检查,________________________________________。
5.破解复杂句式
That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
分析:句子的主干是That is the very likely future,future后跟of短语作后置定语,在后置定语部分,making sure后跟that引导的　　　从句。
译文:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就越高
宾语
那很可能就是应用如今的“空中之眼”技术的未来,以确保全世界范围
内数百万千米的铁路轨道和基础设施都能全天候安全运行。