牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 The universal language课件(共85张PPT)

(共85张PPT)
Unit 2　The universal language
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
研真题 链接高考
5
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.__________ vt.值得,应得
2.____________ vi.& vt.耳语,低语;私下说;沙沙作响　n.低语;轻柔的声音;传言
3.__________ vi.& vt.(wept,wept)哭泣,流泪
4._____________ vt.(overcame,overcome)受到……的极大影响;克服,解决;战胜
5.__________ vt.& vi.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并
6.__________ vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修　n.保证,担保;保修单
deserve
whisper
weep
overcome
combine
guarantee
7.__________ vt.& vi.保护,防御;辩白,辩解
8.__________ vi.流,流动;充满;涨起　n.流,流动;连贯;涨潮
9.__________ vt.& vi.(swept,swept)席卷,横扫;打扫;吹走;清除
n.打扫,清扫
10.__________ vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与……同时发生;为……伴奏
11.__________ vi.& vt.鱼贯而行,涌动;流,流动　n.小溪;(人)流,(车)流
12.__________ vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃
defend
flow
sweep
accompany
stream
abandon
二、派生单词
1.__________ vt.& vi.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静
→__________n.作曲家,作曲者→__________adj.镇静的;沉着的→__________ n.作文,作曲;[材]构成
2.__________vt.使喜欢;使满意→__________adj.高兴的;乐意做某事→__________ adj.令人愉快的;讨人喜欢的
→__________ adj.令人愉快的;友好的→__________ n.快乐,满足;乐事
3.__________n.戏剧;戏剧性事件
→__________adj.激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戏剧的;夸张的→__________ adv.戏剧地;引人注目地
compose
composer
composed
composition
please
pleased
pleasing
pleasant
pleasure
drama
dramatic
dramatically
4.__________ vt.问候,欢迎,招呼→__________ n.问候,招呼;祝贺→__________ n.接待员
5.__________ vt.& vi.适合;使适应
→__________ adj.合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的
→__________ adv.适当地;相配地;适宜地
6.__________ vt.记录,记载　n.档案;唱片
→__________ n.录音,视频;录制;记录,记载→__________ n.录音机;记录员
7.__________ vi.& vt.期待;认为;预料→__________ n.希望;预料;期望,指望
greet
greeter
greeting
suit
suitable
suitably
record
recording
expect
recorder
expectation
8.__________ v.预报,预言→__________ n.预言,预测
→__________ adj.可预言的→__________ adv.可预言地
→__________ adj.预言性的;成为前兆的
9.__________ vt.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气
→__________ adj.沮丧的;萧条的→__________ adj.压抑的;使人沮丧的→__________ n.沮丧;不景气
10.__________ vt.具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制
→__________ adj.占有的;所有的→__________ n.拥有;财产
predict
prediction
predictable
predictive
depress
depressing
depressed
depression
possess
possessive
possession
predictably
三、重点短语
1.____________________使(关系密切的人)分离,分开
2.____________________依赖,依靠;信任
3.____________________奉送,额外赠送
4.____________________作为额外增添
5.____________________由……组成(或构成)
6.____________________开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事
7.____________________突然,猛地
tear apart
rely on
throw in
for good measure
consist of
get down to (doing) sth
all of a sudden
四、典型句式
1.形容词作状语
教材原句:Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.
2.by the time引导时间状语从句
教材原句:By the time he was a teenager,he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Tom__________(whisper),“Now,I'll show you something.”
2.Mother__________(weep) with joy when she knew I had won first prize.
3.They__________(overcome) difficulties one after another and finally realized their goals.
4.What's more,I have accumulated related experience by working part-time in a travel agency,______________(accompany) some foreign tourists.
5.The match________________ (abandon) because of bad weather.
whispered
wept
overcame
accompanying
was abandoned
6.____________(guarantee) the food quality,some food companies have begun to take necessary safety measures.
7.With what he had done,he__________(deserve) to earn people's respect.
8.For the purposes of this study,the three groups______________________ (combine).
9.A cold usually starts with a__________(stream) nose and dry throat.
To guarantee
deserved
have been combined
streaming
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Because of his passion in___________,especially in piano music ___________,he finally became a professional__________ successfully. (compose)
2.The young fellow seemed__________with the suggestion,and his dark eyes sparkled with__________.(please)
3.Entering a supermarket,I was warmly__________by the greengrocer.His cheery__________made me feel at home.(greet)
4.Though set in two different cultural backgrounds,the two_______share many similarities in the themes,the creation of characters and the__________stage techniques.(drama)
composition
composition
composer
pleased
pleasure
greeted
greetings
dramas
dramatic
5.Choose a pair of shoes that_______________you best,and we'll cycle to a____________place for a picnic.(suit)
6.Thomas Edison,the greatest inventor the world has ever seen,made the first__________of human voice in 1877 while the first__________player was invented by Emile Berliner.(record)
7.His parents__________him to be a doctor after graduation but he didn't live up to their_____________.(expect)
suits
suitable
recording
record
expected
expectations
8.The man__________that there would be a hurricane at night and his __________was right.(predict)
9.This means that if we feel_________,we accept our feelings of_________. (depress)
10.They used up all the money they__________so they packed the remaining __________into the trunk and were ready to leave.(possession)
predicted
prediction
depressed
depression
possessed
possessions
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.Listening is thus an active,not a passive behavior_____________hearing, understanding and remembering.
2.My friend is a reliable person,and you can__________it that he will give you a hand.
3.I don't want my family to______________by quarrels.
4.I____________researching the habits of snakes so I could trap them in the easiest way.
consisting of
rely on
be torn apart
get down to
Ⅳ.微写作
1.孩子们被她的话吓了一跳,都尖叫起来:“跟长长的意大利面说话 你疯了吗 ”
___________________________,all the kids burst out screaming,“Talking to the long spaghetti Are you crazy ”
2.他说我们到那里时他已经等了两个小时了。
He said ______________________________________________________.
Astonished at what she said
he had waited for two hours by the time we got there
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.deserve vt.值得,应得→deserved adj.应得的;值得的
[练会]单句语法填空
①The team deserved_____________ (win) the championship because they played much better than any other team.
②Whoever you are,you deserve_______________________(treat) equally.
[写美]句式升级·背诵
③根据要求改写句②
→Whoever you are,you_______________________.(deserve+ n.)
to win
to be treated/treating
deserve equal treatment
归纳deserve to do sth应该做某事;值得做某事
deserve to be done=deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/appreciation/reward 值得考虑/感恩/报答
佳句
　　　　
No matter how ordinary a job is,it plays a part in the society and therefore deserves our respect.(读后续写之主旨升华)
不管一份工作多么普通,它都在社会中起着一定的作用,因此,它值得我们给予尊重。
引导让步状语从句
2.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形,(使)改观,(使)转化→transformable adj.可变化的;可变形的;可转化的→transformation n.转换;改革;变形
[练会]单句语法填空
①Their joint efforts have transformed the bald hill__________one covered with green trees.
②In recent years his ideas have undergone a complete _______________(transform).
into
transformation
[写美]微写作·背诵
③你的慷慨帮助和善意让我的第一次中国之行成为一个难忘的回忆。(应用文写作之感谢信)
Your generous help and kindness___________________________________ _____________________.
transformed my first trip to China into
an unforgettable memory
归纳
transform...(from...)into...使……(从……)变成……
be transformed from...into...
由……变成……
佳句Time will transform us from babies into adults and our parents from adults to old people.(读后续写之主旨升华)
时间让我们从婴孩变成成年人,让我们的父母从成年人变成老年人。
3.rely on 依赖,依靠;信任
[练会]单句语法填空
①For many older people,driving is important,giving them the freedom to get out and get about without having to rely__________others.
②You can rely on it__________they will finish their work ahead of time.
[写美]微写作·背诵
③成功属于那些努力的人。我坚信,依靠自己的努力,我一定能成功。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Success belongs to those who work hard.I firmly believe that,____________ __________,I can make it.
on
that
relying on my
own efforts
归纳rely on sb to do sth指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on (sb's doing) sth依赖/信任/指望(某人做)某事
rely on it that...相信……;指望……
佳句Don't always depend on others.You should learn to rely on yourself.(读后续写之主旨升华)
不要总是依赖别人,你应该学会依靠自己。
4.guarantee vt.保证,担保;确保;为(产品)提供保修　n.保证,担保;保修单→guaranteed adj.有保证的;有人担保的
[练会]单句语法填空
①Food safety____________________(guarantee) to customers,which should be the minimum requirement for the food industry.
②Your watch will be repaired free if it's still________________guarantee.
is guaranteed
under
[写美]微写作·背诵
③我们保证本店智能手机的质量。如果在保修期内出了问题,我们将自费修理。(应用文写作之告知信)
We_______________________________________in our shop.If there should be something wrong with it while it is still________________________,we will repair it at our expense.
guarantee you the quality of the smartphone
under guarantee
归纳guarantee sth/to do/that...保证、担保……
guarantee sth to sb=guarantee sb sth向某人保证某事
guarantee sb against...保证某人不受……
under guarantee在保修期内
佳句Do guarantee to behave yourself when invited to your Chinese friends' home.(应用文写作之建议信)
你被邀请到中国朋友家做客时,一定要保证自己举止得体。
5.accompany vt.陪同,陪伴;伴随,与……同时发生;为……伴奏
[练会]单句语法填空
①With her children________________(accompany) her,the old lady feels very happy.
②Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website____________ (accompany) by some touching words.
[写美]微写作·背诵
③令我非常高兴的是,他们陪我去参加毕业典礼。(读后续写之心理描写)
To my great delight, ____________________________________________.
accompanying
accompanied
they accompanied me to the graduation ceremony
归纳accompany sb to...陪同某人去(某地)
accompany sb at/on...用……为某人伴奏
be accompanied by由……伴奏/陪伴
佳句The boys were struck with fear as the wind blew the trees on their side accompanied by heavy rain.(读后续写之融情于景)
风猛刮着身侧的树,伴随着大雨,男孩们吓坏了。
6.possess vt.具有(特质);拥有;支配,控制→possessive adj.占有的;所有的→possession n.拥有;财产
[练会]单句语法填空
①All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in__________　　(possess) of a valid ticket before boarding.
②When Captain Cook landed in New Zealand in 1769,he took possession __________it in the name of the British Crown.
③This rare stamp,dating back to 150 years ago,is in the possession __________an unknown collector.
possession
of
of
[写美]微写作·背诵
④她感到越来越不安,这种不安疯狂地占据了她的整个身心。(读后续写之心理描写)
She realized an increasingly uneasy,and this unease crazily________________ _______________________.
took/had possession
of her whole body and mind
归纳(1)be possessed of 拥有;具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)in possession of 占有……
in the possession of...属于……所有
take/have possession of...占有;拥有……
佳句Whenever your emotion is out of control,just keep in mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you achieve success.(读后续写之主旨升华)
无论何时你情绪失控时,牢记一点:只有拥有良好的心态你才能成功。
7.abandon vt.中止,放弃,不再有;抛弃;舍弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的→abandonment n.遗弃;离弃
[练会]单句语法填空
①Wang collected more than 7 million__________(abandon) bricks of different ages.
②With his wife seriously injured in the car accident,he abandoned __________(he) to grief.
③After careful deliberation,they agreed to abandon__________(carry) out the project.
abandoned
himself
carrying
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我正要放弃希望,这时妈妈过来鼓励我要继续下去。(读后续写之情节描写)
______________________________when my mother came and encouraged me to keep going.
I was about to abandon hope
现在分词短语作状语
归纳(1)abandon oneself to...沉湎于……;纵情于……
abandon doing sth放弃做某事
(2)be abandoned to沉湎于……
(3)with abandon恣意地;放纵地
佳句

Abandoning myself to computer games,I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(应用文写作之求助信)
由于沉迷于电脑游戏,我在期末考试中表现得非常糟糕。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.dramatic
A.激动人心的,引人注目的　B.突然的 C.戏剧的　　D.夸张的
①Don't be so dramatic!__________
②(2023浙江1月卷) Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.__________
③They watched dramatic pictures of the police raid on TV.__________
④Translation of dramatic text is different from other literature.__________
D
B
A
C
2.combine
A.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合　B.兼做 C.合并;协力
①It took the combined efforts of both the press and the public to bring about a change in the law.__________
②(2021天津卷)As working from home becomes increasingly common,people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. _______ ③The hotel combines comfort with convenience.__________
C
A
B
3.depress
A.使抑郁,使沮丧　B.使萧条,使不景气
①The recession has depressed the housing market.__________
②Unhappiness does not only depress your mood,it also negatively affects your health.__________
③He is depressed that he fails an important interview.__________
④The threat of war has depressed business activity.__________
B
A
A
B
4.desperate
A.绝望的　B.不惜冒险的　C.极其需要的
D.极严重的
①He was so desperate for a job that he would do anything.__________
②Suddenly,he was awakened by a kind of desperate cry for help.__________
③They face a desperate shortage of clean water.__________
④Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl's life.__________
C
A
D
B
5.ease
A.n.容易,轻易　
B.n.舒适,安逸
C.vi.& vt.(使)宽慰,减轻
①The hospice(临终安养院) aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.______ ②He passed the exam with ease.__________
③In his retirement,he lived a life of ease.__________
C
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.compose
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt.& vi.__________ He has been composing music since he was ten years old.
vt.& vi.__________ The sea water is mainly composed of water and salt.
vt.& vi.__________ (2021天津卷) I composed my lectures on the way,and that was all the thinking time I had.
生义 vt.& vi.__________ She quickly composed herself as the car started off.
作曲
组成
撰写
使镇静
2.grave
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.____________________ They cast down their load and began to open the grave.
n.____________________ Getting less than six hours' sleep a night can lead to an early grave,UK and Italian researchers have warned.
生义 adj.__________________ The consequences will be very grave if nothing is done.
坟墓
死亡,去世
严重的;严肃的
3.distant
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj.________________ But when he could go to the distant place,he would find that life there is just as difficult.
adj._________________ The time we spent together is now a distant memory.
生义 adj._________________ (2022全国甲卷) However,after I went to high school,somehow I became distant from him.
adj.__________________ Just as the saying goes,a near neighbor is better than a distant cousin.
遥远的,远处的
久远的
冷淡的;疏远的
远亲的
重点句型透视
1.形容词作状语
[教材原句] Angry and sad,Liang falls sick and dies.
又气又伤心,梁山伯病逝了。
[练会]单句语法填空
①Ashamed and__________(guilt),he looked sincerely at his sister,“Would you like to have a try I can teach you how to ride.” (读后续写之心理描写)
②__________(lucky),I will go home in two weeks for summer vacation.
③__________(scare) and nervous,Tom was rooted to the spot,not knowing what to do.
guilty
Luckily
Scared
[写美]微写作·背诵
④害怕找不到我们回农场的路,我坐在一棵树旁,胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
__________________________________________,I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
Afraid of not finding our way back to the farm
归纳(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等,可位于句首、句末或句中,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子,则应用副词形式。
佳句Excited and moved,they were in tears.(读后续写之心理描写)
他们既激动又感动,流下了眼泪。
2.by the time引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] By the time he was a teenager,he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.
他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。
[练会]单句语法填空
①By the time they arrived,the famous astronaut__________(leave) the hall.
②By the time she gets home,her mother_____________(leave) for London to attend a meeting.
③By the time California was elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850,it__________(be) already a multicultural society.
had left
will have left
had been
[写美]微写作·背诵
④截止到明年毕业,我将在这里生活了5年。(应用文写作话题之学校生活)
____________________________________________,I will have lived here for 5 years.
By the time I graduate next year
归纳(1)by the time+从句(一般过去时),主句时态为过去完成时。
(2)by the time+从句(一般现在时),主句时态为一般将来时或将来完成时。
(3)by+过去时间,句子时态为过去完成时。
(4)by+将来时间,句子时态为将来完成时。
佳句Her singing career had been all washed up by the time she was 27.(应用文写作之人物介绍)
她到27岁时歌唱生涯就告终了。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.The whole team was on good form and__________(deserve) the win.
2.Without worrying about anything,she abandoned herself__________a life of pleasure.
3.As is often the case,going out with friends is__________(guarantee) to cheer you up.
4.Never before in her life had she seen anything like it,and now she really _________(possess) it and she could cut it herself.
5.They actually rely______their daylight vision and cannot fly during the night with no moonlight.
deserved
to
guaranteed
possessed
on
B组　高考链接
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷) More recently,as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway,artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—_____________(transform) covers,pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
7.(2022浙江6月卷) Recently,a newly-furnished section,consisting_____　eight Group Learning Rooms,has been open to us students in our school library.
transforming
of
8.(2022全国乙卷) Children under 12 years_____________(accompany) by an adult are admitted free.
9.(2021浙江1月卷) At the start of the 20th century,an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made__________(predict) about life today.
10.(2021天津卷) Mark is a genius.By the time he graduated,he_________________________(offer) jobs by a dozen computer companies.
accompanied
predictions
had been offered
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
A crowd of music lovers streamed into the Grand Theatre last week to hear the violin concerto Butterfly Lovers.
Butterfly Lovers is composed by 1.　　　　　(gift) composers He Zhanhao and Chen Gang,who enjoy extraordinary reputation as musicians in China.It is an 2.__________(adapt) of the Chinese folk legend Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai.The music 3.__________(consist) of four parts representing the twists and turns of this classic story,showing the genius of the 4. ____________ (remark) composers.According to the legends,Zhu fell in love with Liang,but unfortunately the young couple5.__________(tear) apart because her father
gifted
adaptation
consists
remarkable
were torn
forced her to marry another man.Feeling desperate,Liang fell ill and died.Zhu wept 6.__________(bitter) over the loss of her love.Overcome with sorrow,she got tired of living without her beloved.Determined to accompany Liang,she jumped into his grave.All of 7.__________ sudden,two butterflies flew out of the grave and flew away to be together forever.
Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements.At first the music is light and pleasant,as if 8.__________ (whisper) to the audience.Then it gets dramatic with heavier notes and that's when the lovers separated,9.__________ grabbed the attention of the enthusiastic
bitterly
a
whispering
which
audience.Finally,the music takes a softer turn and ends on a complicated bittersweet note,telling us how the couple transform 10.__________ butterflies.It is a piece that really deserves to be heard.I guarantee you will enjoy it.
into
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——人物介绍
第一步　单句写作
1.李华出生在一个由四名成员组成的家庭里,是在轻松愉快的环境里长大的。(consist of,pleasant,surroundings)
Li Hua was born in a family______________________________and brought up__________________________.
2.他在数学方面有天赋。(gifted)
He____________________maths.
consisting of four members
in pleasant surroundings
is gifted in
3.他热心帮助别人。(enthusiastic)
He____________________helping others.
4.无论何时向他求助,同学们相信他从不会拒绝他们。(rely on)
Whenever his classmates ask him for help,they can________________________________________.
5.这确保了他在同学中享有好的声誉。(guarantee,reputation)
This____________________________________among his classmates.
is enthusiastic about
rely on it that he will never turn them down
guarantees that he has a good reputation
第二步　句式升级
6.将句2和句3合并成为复合句。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
7.用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句4和句5。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
He is not only gifted in maths,but also enthusiastic about helping others.
Whenever his classmates ask him for help,they can rely on it that he will never turn them down,which guarantees that he has a good reputation among his classmates.
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Li Hua was born in a family consisting of four members and brought up in pleasant surroundings.He is not only gifted in maths,but also enthusiastic about helping others.Whenever his classmates ask him for help,they can rely on it that he will never turn them down,which guarantees that he has a good reputation among his classmates.
练续写 锤炼技能
(十四)情感描写之“好奇”
Ⅰ.语块必记
1.be curious about对……好奇
2.be curious to know好奇地想知道
3.curiosity gets/got the better of sb 好奇心占了上风
4.out of curiosity出于好奇
5.burn with curiosity满是好奇
6.stare/look at sb/sth with curiosity好奇地看着某人/某物
7.driven by curiosity受好奇心驱使
8.contain one's curiosity抑制某人的好奇心
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.直陈式表述
I'm puzzled why you didn't try for a university scholarship.我很奇怪你为什么不去申请大学奖学金。
Curious about what had happened,Henry crept back to school the next day.对发生的事情感到好奇,亨利第二天悄悄地回到学校。
People gathered round,curious to know what was happening.人们聚集在一起,好奇地想知道发生了什么事。
Her shouting attracted some curious glances from other people in the restaurant.
她的叫喊引来了餐厅里其他客人好奇的目光。
He is such a curious boy,always asking questions.
他这个孩子求知欲很强,总是爱提问。
2.描述性表述
It was so unbelievable that he made his eyes wider.
难以置信,他瞪大了眼睛。
Curious to know what was inside,he tiptoed into the dark cave.他很想知道里面是什么,就蹑手蹑脚地走进了黑暗的山洞。
3.比喻性表述
His curiosity got the better of him.他异常好奇。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“好奇”的表达完成下列各句。
①她坐在窗边往外看,却发现一座金色的房子在初升的太阳下闪闪发光。
She sat near the window and looked out,______________ a golden house shining in the rising sun.(非谓语动词作状语)
②她之前从未见过这么惊人的金色房子。
She____________________________________________before.
only to find
had never seen such an amazing golden house
③最后,好奇心占了上风,她站起来奔出房间。
Eventually,_____________________________.She arose and rushed out of her room.
④她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野,一直跑到那所房子金色的门前。
____________________,she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house.(分词作状语+状语从句)
⑤她在门前驻足,好奇地盯着这个房子。
She stopped at the door and stared at it____________________.(简单句)
⑥她的好奇心越来越重,脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。
_______________________. ________________________________ over her face.(无灵主语句)
her curiosity got the better of her
Burning with curiosity
with curiosity
Her curiosity grew bigger
Puzzlement and curiosity were written
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
She sat near the window and looked out,only to find a golden house shining in the rising sun.She had never seen such an amazing golden house before.Eventually,her curiosity got the better of her.She arose and rushed out of her room.Burning with curiosity,she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house.She stopped at the door and stared at it with curiosity.Her curiosity grew bigger.Puzzlement and curiosity were written over her face.
研真题 链接高考
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读D)——一个关于唇齿音演化的成果
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as “f” and “v”,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Dami n Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构),making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.
一、理清脉络
二、真题再做
32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Dami n Blasi's research focus on
A.Its variety.
B.Its distribution.
C.Its quantity.
D.Its development.
D
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Now a team of researchers led by Dami n Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.”可知,Dami n Blasi的研究关注的是人类语言的发展。故选D项。
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
C
推理判断题。根据第三段可知,古代成年人的上下门牙排列整齐,很难产生唇齿音,唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。后来,我们的下巴变成了覆颌结构,更容易发出这样的声音。由此可知,古代成年人难以发出唇齿音的原因是覆颌结构不好。故选C项。
34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A.Supporting evidence for the research results.
B.Potential application of the research findings.
C.A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
A
段落大意题。第五段提到,一个语言数据库的分析也证实,新石器时代之后,世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化,在过去的几千年里,“ f ”和“ v ”的使用显著增加。这些音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然找不到。由此可知,第五段是为上文提到的研究发现进一步提供证据。故选A项。
35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A.It is key to effective communication.
B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.
D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
C
细节理解题。根据最后一段Steven Moran说的话可知,自人类出现以来,我们所使用的语音并不一定一直保持稳定,而是我们今天发现的各种语音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂因素相互作用的产物。由此可知,语言是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。
三、语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词义 例句
　　　__________ appearance __________ “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.
appear
出现
词根 派生 词义 例句
　　　__________ remarkably 　　　__________ Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.
remarkable
显著地
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
note ______________ More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as “f” and “v”,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.
present __________ This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.
v.指出,特别提到
adj.存在的
3.积累高频词块
(1)speech sound _________
(2)the upper and lower front teeth _________
(3)the lower lip _________
(4)the popular view _____________
(5)remain stable _________
语音
上下门牙
下嘴唇
普遍的观点
保持稳定
4.赏析续写佳句
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.
这项研究推翻了一种流行的观点,_________________________________
________________________________。
即在大约30万年前人类进
化时,所有的人类语音都存在
5.破解复杂句式
(1)A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
分析:此句是主从复合句。第一个that引导　　　　从句,该从句的谓语为__________,在该从句中有一个that引导的　　　　从句,修饰先行词________________。
译文:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
宾语
led to
定语
speech sounds
一项为期五年的突破性研究表明,由于饮食改变,人类咬合发生了变化,从而产生了一些新的语音。这些语音目前存在于世界上一半的语言中。
(2)They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.
分析:此句是主从复合句。that引导　　　从句,在该从句中making it hard to produce labiodentals是现在分词短语作　　　　　语。在这个现在分词短语中it作　　　　　　语,动词不定式作真正的　　　　语。which引导_________________ 从句,修饰先行词__________。
译文:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
宾语
结果状
形式宾
宾
非限制性定语
labiodentals
他们发现,古代人类成年人的上下门牙排列整齐,很难产生唇齿音,唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。