人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课件(共80张PPT)
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(共80张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.__________ n.高尚的道德;美德;优秀品质
2.__________ vi.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的;微弱的
3.__________ vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图
4.__________ adj.珍稀的;宝贵的
5.__________ n.协会;联合会;工会
6.__________ n.奖学金
7.__________ vt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借;租用
8.__________ n.十年;十年期
virtue
faint
illustrate
precious
union
scholarship
hire
decade
9.__________ vt.发表(作品);出版
10.__________ n.员工;全体职员
11.__________ n.道德原则;法则;原则
12.__________ adj.被动的;顺从的
13.__________ vi.& vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
14.__________ vt.& vi.(bit,bitten)咬;叮;蜇 n.咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤
15.__________ n.主席;主持人;董事长
16.__________ n.一连串(人或事);链子;链条
17.__________ vi.跛行;一瘸一拐地走
publish
staff
principle
passive
whisper
bite
chairman
chain
limp
18.__________ n.眼泪;泪水
19.__________ n.绝望 vi.绝望;感到无望
20.__________ n.收入;收益
21.__________ adv.因此;所以
tear
despair
income
therefore
二、派生单词
1.__________ n.结婚;婚姻→ v.(和某人)结婚;嫁;娶
2.__________ n.大部分;大多数
→__________ adj.主要的 vi.主修 n.主修课程;少校
3.__________ vi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚→__________ n.抱怨;投诉
4.___________ vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应
→__________ n.反应;回答;回复
5. vt.拒绝接受;不录用→__________ n.拒绝接受;否决
6. vt.任命;委派→___________ n.约会;任命;委任→___________ adj.约定的;指定的
marriage
marry
majority
major
complain
complaint
respond
response
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
appointed
7. vt.选举;推选→__________ n.选举;推选;当选
8. vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→ n.趋势;趋向
9. vt.& vi.退休;退职;退出→__________ n.退休
→ adj.退休的
10. adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
→ vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓→ adj.吓人的;恐怖的
11. adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的
→ adv.急剧地;严厉地→__________ vt.削尖;磨快;使提高
12.__________adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→ n.精力;活力;能量
elect
election
tend
tendency
retire
retirement
retired
scared
scare
sharp
sharply
energetic
energy
scary
sharpen
13.__________ n.事故;车祸;失事→__________ adj.意外的;偶然的→___________ adv.偶然地
14.__________ n.手术;企业;经营
→___________ vt.& vi.做手术;经营;操作;运转
→___________ n.操作员;接线员;经营者
15. vt.帮助;援助→__________ n.助理;助手
→___________ n.帮助;援助
16. n.& vt.伤害;损害→ adj.有害的
→ adj.有害地→ adj.无害的
accident
accidental
accidentally
operation
operate
operator
assist
assistant
assistance
harm
harmful
harmfully
harmless
三、重点短语
1._________________ 帮助某人渡过难关
2._____________易于做某事;往往会发生某事
3.__________ 去世
4. _____________作为对……的纪念
5.__________ 被……绊倒
6.__________ 流着泪;含着泪
7.__________ 处于绝望中
8.______________ 大量
carry sb through sth
tend to do sth
pass away
in memory of
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
四、典型句式
1.先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
教材原句:A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.
2.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
教材原句:To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
3.the+序数词+n.+to do
教材原句:She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
4.see意为“见证”时的拟人用法
教材原句:The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
5.独立主格结构
教材原句:After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot of water on her head.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He wrote many children's books,nearly half of which _______________ (publish) in the 1990s.
2.He sniffled quietly, (tear) threatening to spill from his eyes.
3.Over two __________(decade),he has made great achievements in physics.
4.The saying “Once (bite),twice shy” is a classic portrayal of how people can be affected by shadows.
5.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We offer ___________(scholarship) to low-income schools and youth organizations,subject to availability.
tears
were published
decades
bitten
scholarships
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which ___________(illustrate) what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
7.The children ________________ (whisper) in the corner when the teacher came in.
8.We could hear their voices growing __________(faint) as they walked down the road.
illustrated
were whispering
fainter
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The resident physician often ___________about his working conditions and I'm tired of his ___________.(complain)
2.Seeing the ___________wolf,children were very ___________,but some adults managed ___________the beast off.(scare)
3.Doctors _____________on the injured person immediately and the ___________was very successful.(operate)
4.When he needed someone ___________him,his __________came to his ___________.(assist)
5.He is a man who is full of .Whenever I come across him,he is always ___________and in high spirits.(energy)
complains
complaints
scary
scared
to scare
operated
operation
to assist
assistant
assistance
energy
energetic
6.Mary and I had ___________to meet at the shopping center,but she failed to keep the _________________,so I was very angry.(appoint)
7.He won the __________and was __________president of the country.(elect)
8.The storm to hit our city,and we will observe the ___________of it closely.(tend)
9.None of the students ___________to her question;that is to say,her question failed to get a _________________from any of the students.(respond)
10.Eating too much every day is __________to our health;that is to say,eating too much every day does to our health.(harm)
appointed
appointment
election
elected
tends
tendency
responded
response
harmful
harm
11.My suggestion got _____________and the __________made me in low spirits for a long time.(reject)
12.One of the ___________ problems is that a __________of the graduates who in English find it difficult to find a good job.(major)
rejected
rejection
major
majority
major
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.With no one to turn to for help in this strange city,Alice was ___________ and wanted to go back to her hometown.
2.Tom ____________________someone's foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell.
3.At the age of 98,the great Chinese scientist _______________,which was a great loss to our country.
4.The Dragon Boat Festival is held every year ______________________Qu Yuan,one of the greatest poets of ancient times.
in despair
tripped over
passed away
in memory of
Ⅳ.微写作
1.我们到了这样一个阶段:为了挽救我们自己,我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。(话题写作之环境保护)
We _______________________we must take effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.
2.“没有什么比你们送给我的礼物更珍贵的了。”母亲非常感动,紧紧地拥抱着他们。
“___________________________________ you offered to me.” Mother was so moved and hugged them tightly.
have reached a stage where
Nothing is more precious than the gift
3.我真的很想采访杨利伟,因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人,还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(应用文之人物介绍)
I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is not only _________ ___________________but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
4.众所周知,近年来中国发生了巨大的变化,特别是在北京、天津和上海。
As we know,recent years __________________________________________
_________,particularly in Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai.
5.一群女孩走来,每人手里拿着一些鲜花。
A group of girl came along,________________________________________.
each carrying some fresh flowers in her hand
the first
have witnessed great changes taking place
in China
Chinese to go to space
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.majority n.大部分;大多数→major n.& v.专业;主修
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was selected to be the leading role in the play a majority of 50,which made me filled with joy.(读后续写之情感描写)
②With the final exam approaching,a majority of students (be) under much pressure.(应用文之倡议书)
with的复合结构
by
are
③I made up my mind to major English in the future after consulting with my parents and teachers.
④Only a small number of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are the majority.
[写美]词汇升级·背诵
⑤When it comes to education,most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
→When it comes to education,____________________ people believe that it is a lifetime study.
in
in
the majority of
归纳(1)a/the majority of... 大多数……
in the majority/minority 占多/少数
(2)major in主修……;以……为专业
点津“a/the majority of+名词”作主语时,其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时,谓语动词既可以用复数,也可以用单数。
佳句According to the survey,the majority of students consider reading as their favorite way of learning English.
根据调查,大多数学生认为阅读是他们最喜欢的英语学习方式。
2.complain vi.& vt. 抱怨;发牢骚→complaint n.抱怨,投诉
[练会]单句语法填空
①What I am to complain is that the books I bought online are poorly printed and smell terrible.(应用文之投诉信)
②In time of difficulty,what we need is not _______________ (complain) to each other but understanding of each other.(读后续写之主旨升华)
③If you wish to make a complaint that,you should see the manager.
④Some students make a complaint they have too much homework to do every day.(应用文之投诉信)
引导表语从句
of/about
complaint
about
that
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我想向你投诉贵宾馆的服务员弄坏了我的行李箱。(应用文之投诉信)
I'd like to ______________that the waiters of your hotel broke my suitcase.
归纳(1)complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事;(向某人)发牢骚
complain (to sb) that... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事
make a complaint to sb 向某人抱怨/投诉
佳句It's no use complaining without taking any action.As we all know actions speak louder than words.
只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的。因为我们都知道行动胜于言辞。
complain to you
3.respond vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→response n.回答,答复;反应
[练会]单句语法填空
①She made no response the principle,which made me boil with anger.
②In ________(respond) to the appeal,I have made some changes in my way of life,which range from transportation to water saving.
to
response
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③为了应对公众的压力,政府正在采取有效措施防止河流受到污染。
→____________________________________,the government is taking effective measures to prevent the river from being polluted.(respond)
→___________________________________,the government is taking effective measures to prevent the river from being polluted.(response)
采取有效措施
In response to the pressure from the public
To respond to the pressure from the public
归纳(1)respond to 答复……;对……做出反应
(2)in response to 对……做出反应
make a response to 对……做出回应
佳句Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
了解基本的急救技巧可以帮助你快速应对紧急情况。
点津respond to,in response to,make a response to中的to都是介词,后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。
4.appoint vt.任命;委派;约定→appointment n.任命;委派
[练会]单句语法填空
①It's a great pity that I will fail to go outing with you at the ____________ (appoint) time.(应用文之道歉信)
②Learning he was appointed head of the team,he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house.(读后续写之动作和情感细节)
抑制
appointed
as
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③由于已经和牙医预约,我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。
→Because I ________________________________________,I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→__________________________________________,I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用having done作状语改写)
Having made/had an appointment with the dentist
have made/had an appointment with the dentist
归纳(1)appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
(2)make an appointment with sb 与某人预约
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
佳句Learning that you have been appointed as/to be chairman of the Student Association,I sincerely congratulate you.(应用文之祝贺信)
得知你已被任命为学生会主席,我真诚地祝贺你。
5.tend vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→tendency n.倾向,趋势
[练会]单句语法填空
①With the popularity of the Internet,we tend ___________(spend) more time looking at our screens than the person in front of us.
②The prices of vegetables are reported to have a ___________(tend) to increase in some cities.
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③这孩子很容易在网上和陌生人聊天,这让他的父母很生气。
→The child _______________________________on the Internet,making his parents very angry.(tendency)
→The child _______________________________on the Internet,making his parents very angry.(tend)
has a tendency to chat with strangers
to spend
tendency
tends to chat with strangers
归纳(1)tend to do sth 易于/往往会做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照看某人/某物
(2)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
佳句I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who tended my mother in the hospital.(应用文之感谢信)
我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。
6.scare vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的;恐怖的
[练会]单句语法填空
①When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us,I was nearly scared death.(读后续写之情感描写)
②After watching a (scare) film in the cinema,she was scared ____walking home alone and therefore,she called a taxi.
③She was scared into ___________(crouch) beside a big tree by the shouts of tigers,with her heart pounding.(读后续写之情感描写)
④The moment the assistant saw the scene,he froze there, (scare).(读后续写之情感描写)
引导时间状语从句
to
scary
crouching
of
scared
④The moment the assistant saw the scene,he froze there, (scare).(读后续写之情感描写)
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我胆怯地低着头,不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)
I bowed my head timidly and ______________________________________ __________.
引导时间状语从句
was scared to look at my father’s
cloudy face
归纳(1)scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb/sth away 把……吓跑
scare the life out of sb 吓得某人魂飞魄散
(2)be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
佳句She scared the life out of me when she crept up behind me and shouted in my ear.(读后续写之情感描写)
她蹑手蹑脚地走到我身后,对着我耳朵大喊一声,把我的魂都吓飞了。
7.replace vt.接替;取代;更换;把……放回原处→replacement n.[U]更换;替换[C]替换的人(物)
[练会]单句语法填空
①(2022全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars _______ bicycles.
②I replaced him the leading role in the school drama,which came as a big shock to the class.(读后续写之情感描写)
with
as
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③喜欢并向其他文化学习是件好事,但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。(话题写作之文化自信)
→It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never _________________________.
→It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never ______________________________.
take the place of your own culture
replace your own culture
归纳(1)replace...with... 用……替换;以……接替
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
(2)take the place of/take one's place 代替
in place of.../in one's place 代替
佳句Lost wealth may be replaced by industry,but lost time is gone forever.(读后续写之主旨升华)
失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复,但失去的时间却一去不复返。
8.whisper vi.& vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
[练会]单句语法填空/语段填空
① is whispered that he has been admitted to Peking University.
②Even though it was only October,my students were already whispering ________holiday plans.
③She whispered __________her father,softly and gently,“Daddy,you know I love you more than the necklace.”(读后续写之语言、动作描写)
④I saw Jenny and Helen talking to each other in whisper.Suddenly Jenny leaned over and whispered something Helen's ear.I wanted to know what they were whispering .I whispered Mary that I would sneak close to find it out.
It
about
to
a
in
about
to
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我妈妈搂着我,小声安慰我。(读后续写之动作描写)
My mother gathered me into her arms and ________________________me.
归纳(1)whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事
whisper to sb that... 轻声对某人说
whisper about sth 嘀咕某事
It is whispered that... 私下说;秘密告诉……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地;耳语地
佳句Franklin cupped his hands over Tom's ear and began whispering his plan.(读后续写之动作描写)
富兰克林双手围成杯状,在汤姆耳边低声讲起他的计划。
whispered to comfort
9.assist vt.帮助;援助→assistance n.帮助;协助→assistant n.助手;助理;售货员
[练会]单句语法填空
①Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school,I do believe that I am qualified to be your ___________(assist) and I can assist you ______ your teaching in China.(应用文之申请信)
②The guides managed to assist the tourists _____________ (find) somewhere to live during the World Cup.
assistant
to find
with/in
[写美]微写作·背诵
③正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候,爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下,这对双胞胎成功了,脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast,their father _________________________________. _______________________________________________________,the twins made it,their faces brimming with happy smiles.
With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them
came to their assistance
归纳(1)assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人
(2)come to one's assistance 援助某人
with the assistance of...
在……的帮助下
佳句I'm wondering if you could assist me in choosing /to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting.(应用文之求助信)
我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
10.tear n.眼泪;泪水 vt.(tore,torn)撕破
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was heartbroken to see (tear) streaming down Jane's cheeks.(读后续写之心理描写)
②My mother ___________(tear) my letter open without my permission and I wailed with my fists beating my chest.
tears
tore
[写美]微写作·背诵
③看着这个绝望的女士,我忍不住掉下了眼泪。眼里噙着泪水,我拥抱她,尽力安慰她。她把头靠在我的肩膀上,大哭起来,哭诉着她自己的不幸遭遇。
Seeing the woman in despair,I __________________________.With my eyes _________________,I tried to comfort her by hugging her.She rested her head on my shoulder and _____________,sobbing out the story of her unfortunate experience.
couldn’t fight/hold back tears
in tears
burst into tears
归纳(1)in tears 流着泪;含着泪
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
fight/hold back tears 强忍住泪水
(2)tear sth apart 撕碎某物
tear sth down 推倒;拆毁(建筑物)
tear sth up 把(纸/布)撕碎
tear one's heart out 使某人心如刀绞/伤心欲绝
佳句She stared at me,tears glistening/twinkling/shining in her eyes.(读后续写之神态描写)
她看着我,泪花闪闪。
凝视,盯着看
11.harm n.& v.伤害;损害;危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
[练会]单句语法填空
①What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm ______ health.(应用文之倡议书)
②Staring at the screen for a long time is __________(harm) to our eyes.
③He added sometimes there was no harm in __________(put) off some work until another day.
④The plant,__________(harm) by too much direct sunlight,has no chance of survival.
补充说
to
harmful
putting
harmed
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我用手捂住电话,低声告诉她我没有恶意。(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
I cupped my hand over the phone,whispering to her that I _______________.
归纳(1)do sb harm/do harm to sb 对某人有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm (in) doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)be harmful to 对……有害
佳句Being addicted to online games is harmful to/does harm to our physical and mental health.Therefore,there is no harm (in) getting rid of it.
沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此,戒掉它没有害处。
meant no harm
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
Sharp
A.adj.急剧的 B.adj.敏锐的 C.adj.锋利的
D.adv.整点地 E.adj.急转的 F.adj.尖锐的
①She studied the young man with her sharp bright eyes.
②Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town.
③I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.
B
A
E
④She planned to unlock the shop at 8:00 sharp the next morning.
⑤(2023浙江1月卷)Suddenly,Ziyad let out a sharp cry.
⑥She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes.
D
F
C
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.deliver
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt________________ Mail is delivered to our office twice a day.
生义 vt._______________ He delivered a passionate speech against war.
vt.______________________ The government has failed to deliver what it promised.
vt.______________________ She delivered her third child at home.
给……助产;接生;
运送,递送,投递
发表;宣布;发布
实现;产生;兑现
(诺言)
分娩
2.Lie
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.___________ He lies awake at night,worrying.
vi.___________ Don't trust her—she's lying.
生义 vi._______________ The river lies 30 km to the south.
vi.__________ The hardest part of the competition still lies ahead of us.
存在,在
躺;平躺;平卧
撒谎
位于,处在,坐落在
重点句型透视
1.先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
[教材原句] A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.
道德困境是指你有两个或更多困难选择的情况。
[练会]单句语法填空
①The conflict had developed into a stage the two countries were gathering big troops on the border.
②With the development of tourism,security is becoming a key point _____ ________tourists are concerned about.
where/in which
that/
which
③Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _________ sight matters more than hearing.
④Then I got to the point I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
[写美]句式升级·背诵
⑤Today,we'll discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.
→Today,we'll discuss a number of cases ____________________________ _____________________________________________________.(合并为定语从句)
where/in which beginners of
where
where
English fail to use the language properly
归纳(1)当先行词是stage,point,case,situation,position,job,business,scene等表示抽象地点的名词,并且定语从句缺少状语时,常用关系副词where来引导定语从句,相当于in which。
(2)抽象名词后面的定语从句若缺少主语或宾语则用that/which来引导。
佳句It's helpful to put children in a situation where/in which they can see themselves differently.
把孩子置于一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的环境对他们是有益的。
2.the+序数词+名词+to do sth
[教材原句]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
[练会]单句语法填空
①Dr Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world ______________ (grow) rice that has a high output.
②There is no doubt that I am the best person _____________ (be) responsible for the job.(应用文之申请信)
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts __________ (contact) you failed.
to contact
to grow
to be
[写美]微写作·背诵
④约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。
John was _______________________________________________________ _______________________________.He was convinced that he had the ability ______________________________.
to help Bernard out of the difficulty
the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard earn
some extra money
归纳(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next,the only,the last等时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词,常见的有ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等。
佳句Personally speaking,I believe I am the best person to take up the job.(应用文之申请信)
就我个人而言,我相信我是做这个工作的最佳人选。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组 基础必练
1.It's typical of him to respond ___________others' requests in spite of his own business.
2.His colleagues assisted him ___________(decorate) the house for his wedding.
3.We appointed her _____________ (represent) us to send our congratulations at the wedding ceremony.
4.When the boss arrived,the joyful atmosphere was replaced a serious one.
5.After all,it is immoral to take advantage of others' weaknesses to do harm ________them.
to
to decorate
to represent
by/with
to
B组 高考链接
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If people are similar and tend ____________ (make) the same errors,then their errors won't cancel each other out.
7.(2023浙江1月卷)It seems as if everybody is talking about Jason's _________ (retire).
8.(2023全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories ___________(accidental) or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.
9.(2022全国甲卷)And then in late November,Tilly had an _________(operate) on her leg.
10.(2020江苏卷)Humor can make one _________(energy) in his work,study, and life.
energetic
to make
retirement
accidentally
operation
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
People often talk about what 1. (moral) and virtues are.But sometimes they may face moral dilemmas.For example,if an old man 2.__________(trip) over a stone or suddenly fainted in the street or was injured in 3. accident,what would be your first 4.__________ (respond) Should you assist him 5.______________ (rise) or give first aid Or just stand by Your behaviour will illustrate what your moral and life 6.___________(principle) are.In Lin Qiaozhi's eyes,life is precious.When others entrusted her 7.__________ their lives,it was virtue 8. __________ carried her through a life of hard choices.She did not choose marriage as the
morals
tripped
an
response
to rise
with
principles
that
9.__________(major) of girls did,but chose to study medicine.
After she graduated,she devoted her life to her work, 10. _________ (deliver) a huge number of babies.
Majority
delivering
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——短文投稿(人物介绍)
第一步 单句写作
1.我们身边有很多值得尊敬的人。我首先想到的是李叔叔。(the+序数词+动词不定式)
There are many respectable people around us.__________________________ is Uncle Li.
2.从十年前起,他就被雇为我们社区的警卫。(hire,decade)
He__________________a guard in our community since _____________ .
The first to come to my mind
has been hired as
a decade ago
3.虽然他的工作可能很无聊,但他从不抱怨,总是精力充沛。(complain,tend,energetic)
Though his work may be boring,he never _____________________it and always _______________________.
4.他不仅坚持工作,还花了大量时间帮助需要帮助的人。(a great deal of,assist)
He not only carries on working but he also _________________________ ___________those in need.
5.由于他的美德和贡献,他被选为我们社区的模范。(elect,virtue)
He _______________________a role model in our community _________ __________________________________.
complains about
tends to be energetic
spends a great deal of time
assisting
because
has been elected as
of his virtues and contributions
第二步 句式升级
6.用倒装句改写句4
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need.
第三步 连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
There are many respectable people around us.The first to come to my mind is Uncle Li.
He has been hired as a guard in our community since a decade ago.Though his work may be boring,he never complains about it and always tends to be energetic.Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need.
Therefore,he has been elected as a role model in our community because of his virtues and contributions.
练续写锤炼技能
(七)情感描写之“悲伤与沮丧”
Ⅰ.语块必记
1.with a heavy/sinking heart怀着沉重/沮丧的心情
2.be down in spirits情绪低落
3.lose one's spirits垂头丧气
4.be sad at heart心里悲伤
5.sadness clouds one's face一脸悲伤
6.cry one's eyes out痛哭
7.be filled with/full of sadness满是悲伤
8.in a sorrowful/sad tone/voice伤心地说
9.sadness fills one's voice声音里满是悲伤
10.with a broken heart心碎
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.直陈式表述
描述某种令人伤心情形时,我们可用sad,sorrowful,upset等直接将悲伤表达出来。
Upon hearing the bad news,she felt extremely sad.
听到这个坏消息,她感到非常悲伤。
I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding.I was very upset.
我看到他的后腿受伤了,正在流血。我很难过。
Sandy is sad because her husband cheated on her.
桑迪很伤心,因为她丈夫欺骗了她。
2.描述性表述
人们悲伤时,会流泪或号啕大哭。我们可以描述角色悲伤时的表现从侧面展示角色的心情,使我们的表达做到抽象与具体相结合。
Upon hearing the bad news,she,numb with grief,had trouble speaking.
听到这个坏消息,她悲伤得说不出话来。
Your article brought back sad memories for me.
你的文章给我带来了悲伤的回忆。
He fixed me with those luminous,empty eyes and his melancholy smile.他用那双明亮而空洞的眼睛,带着忧郁的微笑凝视着我。
The child started to wail when he saw his mother walking out from behind the door.
孩子看见妈妈从门后走出来,就哭了起来。
Finally my sister broke down,sobbing into her handkerchief.我妹妹终于忍不住了,捂着手帕抽泣起来。
She couldn't restrain herself from weeping when she heard of the miserable story.
当她听到这个悲惨的故事时,禁不住哭了起来。
She sobbed out her hard life,her husband who was out of job,and couldn't restrain herself from weeping.
她哭诉着自己的艰苦生活、失业的丈夫,忍不住哭了起来。
As talking along,she finally broke down,sobbing into her palms.说着说着,她终于崩溃了,双手抱头痛哭。
3.比喻性表述
我们可以用暗喻或借喻来表达悲伤的心情。
Upon hearing the bad news,I seemed to fall into ice.
一听到这个坏消息,我就好像被冻住了一样。
I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart and my tears kept running down.我觉得好像有一把刀刺进了我的心里,我的眼泪不停地流下来。
4.夸张性表述
用夸张的修辞手法表达悲伤就是将悲伤的心情想象成有形事物,放大后进行描述。
Poor Jane really cried her eyes out during the funeral service.可怜的简在葬礼上哭得很伤心。
She suffered such grief alone and sobbed her heart out.她独自承受着这样的悲痛,哭得伤心欲绝。
The loneliness and grief come in waves.
孤独和悲伤一阵阵袭来。
5.拟人式表述
我们也可以将悲伤的心情想象成一个人或有生命的动物来描述它的言行。
Hearing the bad news,she felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly.
听到这个坏消息,她感到一阵悲伤,禁不住痛哭起来。
A ripple of sadness welled up inside him.
一阵悲伤的涟漪涌上他的心头。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“悲伤、沮丧”的表达完成下列各句。
①王华心情沉重地站起来,走出教室。
Wang Hua rose _______________________and stepped out of the classroom.
②她难过地低着头,她的双眸满是忧伤。
She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,and __________________________________________________.(无灵主语句)
She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,________________________________________.(独立主格)
with a sinking heart
great sorrow/sadness/depression filling her eyes
great sorrow/sadness/depression filled her eyes
③十米以外都能感觉到一种悲伤的气氛。
________________ could be sensed ten meters away.(夸张的修辞手法)
④很快,她开始流泪。她数学考试肯定会不及格的!
Soon,her eyes ________________.Definitely,she would fail the math exam!
⑤失望和悲伤如潮水般涌来,泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
______________________________________________,and tear streamed/rolled/flowed down her cheeks.(无灵主语句)
⑥她只想冲回家,倒在她的小床上大哭一场!
She was just desperate to rush home and ____________________________________________________________!
An air of sadness
began to water
Disappointment and sadness came in waves
throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Wang Hua rose with a sinking heart and stepped out of the classroom.She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,great sorrow/sadness/depression filling her eyes.An air of sadness could be sensed ten meters away.Soon,her eyes began to water.Definitely,she would fail the math exam! Disappointment and sadness came in waves,and tears streamed/rolled/flowed down her cheeks.She was just desperate to rush home and throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly!
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.__________ n.高尚的道德;美德;优秀品质
2.__________ vi.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的;微弱的
3.__________ vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图
4.__________ adj.珍稀的;宝贵的
5.__________ n.协会;联合会;工会
6.__________ n.奖学金
7.__________ vt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借;租用
8.__________ n.十年;十年期
virtue
faint
illustrate
precious
union
scholarship
hire
decade
9.__________ vt.发表(作品);出版
10.__________ n.员工;全体职员
11.__________ n.道德原则;法则;原则
12.__________ adj.被动的;顺从的
13.__________ vi.& vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
14.__________ vt.& vi.(bit,bitten)咬;叮;蜇 n.咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤
15.__________ n.主席;主持人;董事长
16.__________ n.一连串(人或事);链子;链条
17.__________ vi.跛行;一瘸一拐地走
publish
staff
principle
passive
whisper
bite
chairman
chain
limp
18.__________ n.眼泪;泪水
19.__________ n.绝望 vi.绝望;感到无望
20.__________ n.收入;收益
21.__________ adv.因此;所以
tear
despair
income
therefore
二、派生单词
1.__________ n.结婚;婚姻→ v.(和某人)结婚;嫁;娶
2.__________ n.大部分;大多数
→__________ adj.主要的 vi.主修 n.主修课程;少校
3.__________ vi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚→__________ n.抱怨;投诉
4.___________ vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应
→__________ n.反应;回答;回复
5. vt.拒绝接受;不录用→__________ n.拒绝接受;否决
6. vt.任命;委派→___________ n.约会;任命;委任→___________ adj.约定的;指定的
marriage
marry
majority
major
complain
complaint
respond
response
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
appointed
7. vt.选举;推选→__________ n.选举;推选;当选
8. vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→ n.趋势;趋向
9. vt.& vi.退休;退职;退出→__________ n.退休
→ adj.退休的
10. adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
→ vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓→ adj.吓人的;恐怖的
11. adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的
→ adv.急剧地;严厉地→__________ vt.削尖;磨快;使提高
12.__________adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→ n.精力;活力;能量
elect
election
tend
tendency
retire
retirement
retired
scared
scare
sharp
sharply
energetic
energy
scary
sharpen
13.__________ n.事故;车祸;失事→__________ adj.意外的;偶然的→___________ adv.偶然地
14.__________ n.手术;企业;经营
→___________ vt.& vi.做手术;经营;操作;运转
→___________ n.操作员;接线员;经营者
15. vt.帮助;援助→__________ n.助理;助手
→___________ n.帮助;援助
16. n.& vt.伤害;损害→ adj.有害的
→ adj.有害地→ adj.无害的
accident
accidental
accidentally
operation
operate
operator
assist
assistant
assistance
harm
harmful
harmfully
harmless
三、重点短语
1._________________ 帮助某人渡过难关
2._____________易于做某事;往往会发生某事
3.__________ 去世
4. _____________作为对……的纪念
5.__________ 被……绊倒
6.__________ 流着泪;含着泪
7.__________ 处于绝望中
8.______________ 大量
carry sb through sth
tend to do sth
pass away
in memory of
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
四、典型句式
1.先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
教材原句:A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.
2.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义
教材原句:To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
3.the+序数词+n.+to do
教材原句:She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
4.see意为“见证”时的拟人用法
教材原句:The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
5.独立主格结构
教材原句:After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot of water on her head.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He wrote many children's books,nearly half of which _______________ (publish) in the 1990s.
2.He sniffled quietly, (tear) threatening to spill from his eyes.
3.Over two __________(decade),he has made great achievements in physics.
4.The saying “Once (bite),twice shy” is a classic portrayal of how people can be affected by shadows.
5.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We offer ___________(scholarship) to low-income schools and youth organizations,subject to availability.
tears
were published
decades
bitten
scholarships
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which ___________(illustrate) what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
7.The children ________________ (whisper) in the corner when the teacher came in.
8.We could hear their voices growing __________(faint) as they walked down the road.
illustrated
were whispering
fainter
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The resident physician often ___________about his working conditions and I'm tired of his ___________.(complain)
2.Seeing the ___________wolf,children were very ___________,but some adults managed ___________the beast off.(scare)
3.Doctors _____________on the injured person immediately and the ___________was very successful.(operate)
4.When he needed someone ___________him,his __________came to his ___________.(assist)
5.He is a man who is full of .Whenever I come across him,he is always ___________and in high spirits.(energy)
complains
complaints
scary
scared
to scare
operated
operation
to assist
assistant
assistance
energy
energetic
6.Mary and I had ___________to meet at the shopping center,but she failed to keep the _________________,so I was very angry.(appoint)
7.He won the __________and was __________president of the country.(elect)
8.The storm to hit our city,and we will observe the ___________of it closely.(tend)
9.None of the students ___________to her question;that is to say,her question failed to get a _________________from any of the students.(respond)
10.Eating too much every day is __________to our health;that is to say,eating too much every day does to our health.(harm)
appointed
appointment
election
elected
tends
tendency
responded
response
harmful
harm
11.My suggestion got _____________and the __________made me in low spirits for a long time.(reject)
12.One of the ___________ problems is that a __________of the graduates who in English find it difficult to find a good job.(major)
rejected
rejection
major
majority
major
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.With no one to turn to for help in this strange city,Alice was ___________ and wanted to go back to her hometown.
2.Tom ____________________someone's foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell.
3.At the age of 98,the great Chinese scientist _______________,which was a great loss to our country.
4.The Dragon Boat Festival is held every year ______________________Qu Yuan,one of the greatest poets of ancient times.
in despair
tripped over
passed away
in memory of
Ⅳ.微写作
1.我们到了这样一个阶段:为了挽救我们自己,我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。(话题写作之环境保护)
We _______________________we must take effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.
2.“没有什么比你们送给我的礼物更珍贵的了。”母亲非常感动,紧紧地拥抱着他们。
“___________________________________ you offered to me.” Mother was so moved and hugged them tightly.
have reached a stage where
Nothing is more precious than the gift
3.我真的很想采访杨利伟,因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人,还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(应用文之人物介绍)
I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is not only _________ ___________________but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
4.众所周知,近年来中国发生了巨大的变化,特别是在北京、天津和上海。
As we know,recent years __________________________________________
_________,particularly in Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai.
5.一群女孩走来,每人手里拿着一些鲜花。
A group of girl came along,________________________________________.
each carrying some fresh flowers in her hand
the first
have witnessed great changes taking place
in China
Chinese to go to space
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.majority n.大部分;大多数→major n.& v.专业;主修
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was selected to be the leading role in the play a majority of 50,which made me filled with joy.(读后续写之情感描写)
②With the final exam approaching,a majority of students (be) under much pressure.(应用文之倡议书)
with的复合结构
by
are
③I made up my mind to major English in the future after consulting with my parents and teachers.
④Only a small number of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are the majority.
[写美]词汇升级·背诵
⑤When it comes to education,most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
→When it comes to education,____________________ people believe that it is a lifetime study.
in
in
the majority of
归纳(1)a/the majority of... 大多数……
in the majority/minority 占多/少数
(2)major in主修……;以……为专业
点津“a/the majority of+名词”作主语时,其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时,谓语动词既可以用复数,也可以用单数。
佳句According to the survey,the majority of students consider reading as their favorite way of learning English.
根据调查,大多数学生认为阅读是他们最喜欢的英语学习方式。
2.complain vi.& vt. 抱怨;发牢骚→complaint n.抱怨,投诉
[练会]单句语法填空
①What I am to complain is that the books I bought online are poorly printed and smell terrible.(应用文之投诉信)
②In time of difficulty,what we need is not _______________ (complain) to each other but understanding of each other.(读后续写之主旨升华)
③If you wish to make a complaint that,you should see the manager.
④Some students make a complaint they have too much homework to do every day.(应用文之投诉信)
引导表语从句
of/about
complaint
about
that
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我想向你投诉贵宾馆的服务员弄坏了我的行李箱。(应用文之投诉信)
I'd like to ______________that the waiters of your hotel broke my suitcase.
归纳(1)complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事;(向某人)发牢骚
complain (to sb) that... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事
make a complaint to sb 向某人抱怨/投诉
佳句It's no use complaining without taking any action.As we all know actions speak louder than words.
只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的。因为我们都知道行动胜于言辞。
complain to you
3.respond vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→response n.回答,答复;反应
[练会]单句语法填空
①She made no response the principle,which made me boil with anger.
②In ________(respond) to the appeal,I have made some changes in my way of life,which range from transportation to water saving.
to
response
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③为了应对公众的压力,政府正在采取有效措施防止河流受到污染。
→____________________________________,the government is taking effective measures to prevent the river from being polluted.(respond)
→___________________________________,the government is taking effective measures to prevent the river from being polluted.(response)
采取有效措施
In response to the pressure from the public
To respond to the pressure from the public
归纳(1)respond to 答复……;对……做出反应
(2)in response to 对……做出反应
make a response to 对……做出回应
佳句Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
了解基本的急救技巧可以帮助你快速应对紧急情况。
点津respond to,in response to,make a response to中的to都是介词,后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。
4.appoint vt.任命;委派;约定→appointment n.任命;委派
[练会]单句语法填空
①It's a great pity that I will fail to go outing with you at the ____________ (appoint) time.(应用文之道歉信)
②Learning he was appointed head of the team,he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house.(读后续写之动作和情感细节)
抑制
appointed
as
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③由于已经和牙医预约,我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。
→Because I ________________________________________,I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→__________________________________________,I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用having done作状语改写)
Having made/had an appointment with the dentist
have made/had an appointment with the dentist
归纳(1)appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
(2)make an appointment with sb 与某人预约
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
佳句Learning that you have been appointed as/to be chairman of the Student Association,I sincerely congratulate you.(应用文之祝贺信)
得知你已被任命为学生会主席,我真诚地祝贺你。
5.tend vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→tendency n.倾向,趋势
[练会]单句语法填空
①With the popularity of the Internet,we tend ___________(spend) more time looking at our screens than the person in front of us.
②The prices of vegetables are reported to have a ___________(tend) to increase in some cities.
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③这孩子很容易在网上和陌生人聊天,这让他的父母很生气。
→The child _______________________________on the Internet,making his parents very angry.(tendency)
→The child _______________________________on the Internet,making his parents very angry.(tend)
has a tendency to chat with strangers
to spend
tendency
tends to chat with strangers
归纳(1)tend to do sth 易于/往往会做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照看某人/某物
(2)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
佳句I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who tended my mother in the hospital.(应用文之感谢信)
我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。
6.scare vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的;恐怖的
[练会]单句语法填空
①When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us,I was nearly scared death.(读后续写之情感描写)
②After watching a (scare) film in the cinema,she was scared ____walking home alone and therefore,she called a taxi.
③She was scared into ___________(crouch) beside a big tree by the shouts of tigers,with her heart pounding.(读后续写之情感描写)
④The moment the assistant saw the scene,he froze there, (scare).(读后续写之情感描写)
引导时间状语从句
to
scary
crouching
of
scared
④The moment the assistant saw the scene,he froze there, (scare).(读后续写之情感描写)
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我胆怯地低着头,不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)
I bowed my head timidly and ______________________________________ __________.
引导时间状语从句
was scared to look at my father’s
cloudy face
归纳(1)scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb/sth away 把……吓跑
scare the life out of sb 吓得某人魂飞魄散
(2)be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
佳句She scared the life out of me when she crept up behind me and shouted in my ear.(读后续写之情感描写)
她蹑手蹑脚地走到我身后,对着我耳朵大喊一声,把我的魂都吓飞了。
7.replace vt.接替;取代;更换;把……放回原处→replacement n.[U]更换;替换[C]替换的人(物)
[练会]单句语法填空
①(2022全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars _______ bicycles.
②I replaced him the leading role in the school drama,which came as a big shock to the class.(读后续写之情感描写)
with
as
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③喜欢并向其他文化学习是件好事,但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。(话题写作之文化自信)
→It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never _________________________.
→It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them,but they can never ______________________________.
take the place of your own culture
replace your own culture
归纳(1)replace...with... 用……替换;以……接替
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
(2)take the place of/take one's place 代替
in place of.../in one's place 代替
佳句Lost wealth may be replaced by industry,but lost time is gone forever.(读后续写之主旨升华)
失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复,但失去的时间却一去不复返。
8.whisper vi.& vt.悄声说;耳语;低语 n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
[练会]单句语法填空/语段填空
① is whispered that he has been admitted to Peking University.
②Even though it was only October,my students were already whispering ________holiday plans.
③She whispered __________her father,softly and gently,“Daddy,you know I love you more than the necklace.”(读后续写之语言、动作描写)
④I saw Jenny and Helen talking to each other in whisper.Suddenly Jenny leaned over and whispered something Helen's ear.I wanted to know what they were whispering .I whispered Mary that I would sneak close to find it out.
It
about
to
a
in
about
to
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我妈妈搂着我,小声安慰我。(读后续写之动作描写)
My mother gathered me into her arms and ________________________me.
归纳(1)whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事
whisper to sb that... 轻声对某人说
whisper about sth 嘀咕某事
It is whispered that... 私下说;秘密告诉……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地;耳语地
佳句Franklin cupped his hands over Tom's ear and began whispering his plan.(读后续写之动作描写)
富兰克林双手围成杯状,在汤姆耳边低声讲起他的计划。
whispered to comfort
9.assist vt.帮助;援助→assistance n.帮助;协助→assistant n.助手;助理;售货员
[练会]单句语法填空
①Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school,I do believe that I am qualified to be your ___________(assist) and I can assist you ______ your teaching in China.(应用文之申请信)
②The guides managed to assist the tourists _____________ (find) somewhere to live during the World Cup.
assistant
to find
with/in
[写美]微写作·背诵
③正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候,爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下,这对双胞胎成功了,脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast,their father _________________________________. _______________________________________________________,the twins made it,their faces brimming with happy smiles.
With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them
came to their assistance
归纳(1)assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人
(2)come to one's assistance 援助某人
with the assistance of...
在……的帮助下
佳句I'm wondering if you could assist me in choosing /to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting.(应用文之求助信)
我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
10.tear n.眼泪;泪水 vt.(tore,torn)撕破
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was heartbroken to see (tear) streaming down Jane's cheeks.(读后续写之心理描写)
②My mother ___________(tear) my letter open without my permission and I wailed with my fists beating my chest.
tears
tore
[写美]微写作·背诵
③看着这个绝望的女士,我忍不住掉下了眼泪。眼里噙着泪水,我拥抱她,尽力安慰她。她把头靠在我的肩膀上,大哭起来,哭诉着她自己的不幸遭遇。
Seeing the woman in despair,I __________________________.With my eyes _________________,I tried to comfort her by hugging her.She rested her head on my shoulder and _____________,sobbing out the story of her unfortunate experience.
couldn’t fight/hold back tears
in tears
burst into tears
归纳(1)in tears 流着泪;含着泪
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
fight/hold back tears 强忍住泪水
(2)tear sth apart 撕碎某物
tear sth down 推倒;拆毁(建筑物)
tear sth up 把(纸/布)撕碎
tear one's heart out 使某人心如刀绞/伤心欲绝
佳句She stared at me,tears glistening/twinkling/shining in her eyes.(读后续写之神态描写)
她看着我,泪花闪闪。
凝视,盯着看
11.harm n.& v.伤害;损害;危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
[练会]单句语法填空
①What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm ______ health.(应用文之倡议书)
②Staring at the screen for a long time is __________(harm) to our eyes.
③He added sometimes there was no harm in __________(put) off some work until another day.
④The plant,__________(harm) by too much direct sunlight,has no chance of survival.
补充说
to
harmful
putting
harmed
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤我用手捂住电话,低声告诉她我没有恶意。(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
I cupped my hand over the phone,whispering to her that I _______________.
归纳(1)do sb harm/do harm to sb 对某人有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm (in) doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)be harmful to 对……有害
佳句Being addicted to online games is harmful to/does harm to our physical and mental health.Therefore,there is no harm (in) getting rid of it.
沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此,戒掉它没有害处。
meant no harm
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
Sharp
A.adj.急剧的 B.adj.敏锐的 C.adj.锋利的
D.adv.整点地 E.adj.急转的 F.adj.尖锐的
①She studied the young man with her sharp bright eyes.
②Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town.
③I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.
B
A
E
④She planned to unlock the shop at 8:00 sharp the next morning.
⑤(2023浙江1月卷)Suddenly,Ziyad let out a sharp cry.
⑥She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes.
D
F
C
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.deliver
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt________________ Mail is delivered to our office twice a day.
生义 vt._______________ He delivered a passionate speech against war.
vt.______________________ The government has failed to deliver what it promised.
vt.______________________ She delivered her third child at home.
给……助产;接生;
运送,递送,投递
发表;宣布;发布
实现;产生;兑现
(诺言)
分娩
2.Lie
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.___________ He lies awake at night,worrying.
vi.___________ Don't trust her—she's lying.
生义 vi._______________ The river lies 30 km to the south.
vi.__________ The hardest part of the competition still lies ahead of us.
存在,在
躺;平躺;平卧
撒谎
位于,处在,坐落在
重点句型透视
1.先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
[教材原句] A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.
道德困境是指你有两个或更多困难选择的情况。
[练会]单句语法填空
①The conflict had developed into a stage the two countries were gathering big troops on the border.
②With the development of tourism,security is becoming a key point _____ ________tourists are concerned about.
where/in which
that/
which
③Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _________ sight matters more than hearing.
④Then I got to the point I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
[写美]句式升级·背诵
⑤Today,we'll discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.
→Today,we'll discuss a number of cases ____________________________ _____________________________________________________.(合并为定语从句)
where/in which beginners of
where
where
English fail to use the language properly
归纳(1)当先行词是stage,point,case,situation,position,job,business,scene等表示抽象地点的名词,并且定语从句缺少状语时,常用关系副词where来引导定语从句,相当于in which。
(2)抽象名词后面的定语从句若缺少主语或宾语则用that/which来引导。
佳句It's helpful to put children in a situation where/in which they can see themselves differently.
把孩子置于一个能使他们从不同角度认识自己的环境对他们是有益的。
2.the+序数词+名词+to do sth
[教材原句]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
[练会]单句语法填空
①Dr Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world ______________ (grow) rice that has a high output.
②There is no doubt that I am the best person _____________ (be) responsible for the job.(应用文之申请信)
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts __________ (contact) you failed.
to contact
to grow
to be
[写美]微写作·背诵
④约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。
John was _______________________________________________________ _______________________________.He was convinced that he had the ability ______________________________.
to help Bernard out of the difficulty
the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard earn
some extra money
归纳(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next,the only,the last等时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词,常见的有ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等。
佳句Personally speaking,I believe I am the best person to take up the job.(应用文之申请信)
就我个人而言,我相信我是做这个工作的最佳人选。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组 基础必练
1.It's typical of him to respond ___________others' requests in spite of his own business.
2.His colleagues assisted him ___________(decorate) the house for his wedding.
3.We appointed her _____________ (represent) us to send our congratulations at the wedding ceremony.
4.When the boss arrived,the joyful atmosphere was replaced a serious one.
5.After all,it is immoral to take advantage of others' weaknesses to do harm ________them.
to
to decorate
to represent
by/with
to
B组 高考链接
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If people are similar and tend ____________ (make) the same errors,then their errors won't cancel each other out.
7.(2023浙江1月卷)It seems as if everybody is talking about Jason's _________ (retire).
8.(2023全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories ___________(accidental) or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.
9.(2022全国甲卷)And then in late November,Tilly had an _________(operate) on her leg.
10.(2020江苏卷)Humor can make one _________(energy) in his work,study, and life.
energetic
to make
retirement
accidentally
operation
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
People often talk about what 1. (moral) and virtues are.But sometimes they may face moral dilemmas.For example,if an old man 2.__________(trip) over a stone or suddenly fainted in the street or was injured in 3. accident,what would be your first 4.__________ (respond) Should you assist him 5.______________ (rise) or give first aid Or just stand by Your behaviour will illustrate what your moral and life 6.___________(principle) are.In Lin Qiaozhi's eyes,life is precious.When others entrusted her 7.__________ their lives,it was virtue 8. __________ carried her through a life of hard choices.She did not choose marriage as the
morals
tripped
an
response
to rise
with
principles
that
9.__________(major) of girls did,but chose to study medicine.
After she graduated,she devoted her life to her work, 10. _________ (deliver) a huge number of babies.
Majority
delivering
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——短文投稿(人物介绍)
第一步 单句写作
1.我们身边有很多值得尊敬的人。我首先想到的是李叔叔。(the+序数词+动词不定式)
There are many respectable people around us.__________________________ is Uncle Li.
2.从十年前起,他就被雇为我们社区的警卫。(hire,decade)
He__________________a guard in our community since _____________ .
The first to come to my mind
has been hired as
a decade ago
3.虽然他的工作可能很无聊,但他从不抱怨,总是精力充沛。(complain,tend,energetic)
Though his work may be boring,he never _____________________it and always _______________________.
4.他不仅坚持工作,还花了大量时间帮助需要帮助的人。(a great deal of,assist)
He not only carries on working but he also _________________________ ___________those in need.
5.由于他的美德和贡献,他被选为我们社区的模范。(elect,virtue)
He _______________________a role model in our community _________ __________________________________.
complains about
tends to be energetic
spends a great deal of time
assisting
because
has been elected as
of his virtues and contributions
第二步 句式升级
6.用倒装句改写句4
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need.
第三步 连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
There are many respectable people around us.The first to come to my mind is Uncle Li.
He has been hired as a guard in our community since a decade ago.Though his work may be boring,he never complains about it and always tends to be energetic.Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need.
Therefore,he has been elected as a role model in our community because of his virtues and contributions.
练续写锤炼技能
(七)情感描写之“悲伤与沮丧”
Ⅰ.语块必记
1.with a heavy/sinking heart怀着沉重/沮丧的心情
2.be down in spirits情绪低落
3.lose one's spirits垂头丧气
4.be sad at heart心里悲伤
5.sadness clouds one's face一脸悲伤
6.cry one's eyes out痛哭
7.be filled with/full of sadness满是悲伤
8.in a sorrowful/sad tone/voice伤心地说
9.sadness fills one's voice声音里满是悲伤
10.with a broken heart心碎
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.直陈式表述
描述某种令人伤心情形时,我们可用sad,sorrowful,upset等直接将悲伤表达出来。
Upon hearing the bad news,she felt extremely sad.
听到这个坏消息,她感到非常悲伤。
I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding.I was very upset.
我看到他的后腿受伤了,正在流血。我很难过。
Sandy is sad because her husband cheated on her.
桑迪很伤心,因为她丈夫欺骗了她。
2.描述性表述
人们悲伤时,会流泪或号啕大哭。我们可以描述角色悲伤时的表现从侧面展示角色的心情,使我们的表达做到抽象与具体相结合。
Upon hearing the bad news,she,numb with grief,had trouble speaking.
听到这个坏消息,她悲伤得说不出话来。
Your article brought back sad memories for me.
你的文章给我带来了悲伤的回忆。
He fixed me with those luminous,empty eyes and his melancholy smile.他用那双明亮而空洞的眼睛,带着忧郁的微笑凝视着我。
The child started to wail when he saw his mother walking out from behind the door.
孩子看见妈妈从门后走出来,就哭了起来。
Finally my sister broke down,sobbing into her handkerchief.我妹妹终于忍不住了,捂着手帕抽泣起来。
She couldn't restrain herself from weeping when she heard of the miserable story.
当她听到这个悲惨的故事时,禁不住哭了起来。
She sobbed out her hard life,her husband who was out of job,and couldn't restrain herself from weeping.
她哭诉着自己的艰苦生活、失业的丈夫,忍不住哭了起来。
As talking along,she finally broke down,sobbing into her palms.说着说着,她终于崩溃了,双手抱头痛哭。
3.比喻性表述
我们可以用暗喻或借喻来表达悲伤的心情。
Upon hearing the bad news,I seemed to fall into ice.
一听到这个坏消息,我就好像被冻住了一样。
I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart and my tears kept running down.我觉得好像有一把刀刺进了我的心里,我的眼泪不停地流下来。
4.夸张性表述
用夸张的修辞手法表达悲伤就是将悲伤的心情想象成有形事物,放大后进行描述。
Poor Jane really cried her eyes out during the funeral service.可怜的简在葬礼上哭得很伤心。
She suffered such grief alone and sobbed her heart out.她独自承受着这样的悲痛,哭得伤心欲绝。
The loneliness and grief come in waves.
孤独和悲伤一阵阵袭来。
5.拟人式表述
我们也可以将悲伤的心情想象成一个人或有生命的动物来描述它的言行。
Hearing the bad news,she felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly.
听到这个坏消息,她感到一阵悲伤,禁不住痛哭起来。
A ripple of sadness welled up inside him.
一阵悲伤的涟漪涌上他的心头。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“悲伤、沮丧”的表达完成下列各句。
①王华心情沉重地站起来,走出教室。
Wang Hua rose _______________________and stepped out of the classroom.
②她难过地低着头,她的双眸满是忧伤。
She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,and __________________________________________________.(无灵主语句)
She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,________________________________________.(独立主格)
with a sinking heart
great sorrow/sadness/depression filling her eyes
great sorrow/sadness/depression filled her eyes
③十米以外都能感觉到一种悲伤的气氛。
________________ could be sensed ten meters away.(夸张的修辞手法)
④很快,她开始流泪。她数学考试肯定会不及格的!
Soon,her eyes ________________.Definitely,she would fail the math exam!
⑤失望和悲伤如潮水般涌来,泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
______________________________________________,and tear streamed/rolled/flowed down her cheeks.(无灵主语句)
⑥她只想冲回家,倒在她的小床上大哭一场!
She was just desperate to rush home and ____________________________________________________________!
An air of sadness
began to water
Disappointment and sadness came in waves
throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Wang Hua rose with a sinking heart and stepped out of the classroom.She dropped/hung/bowed/lowered her head in sadness,great sorrow/sadness/depression filling her eyes.An air of sadness could be sensed ten meters away.Soon,her eyes began to water.Definitely,she would fail the math exam! Disappointment and sadness came in waves,and tears streamed/rolled/flowed down her cheeks.She was just desperate to rush home and throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly!