牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance课件(共85张PPT)

(共85张PPT)
Unit 1　Nature in the balance
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
研真题 链接高考
5
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.大陆,陆地;洲
2.　　　　　　 n.影响,作用;撞击,冲撞vi.& vt.有影响;冲击
3.　　　　　　 vt.& n.损害,伤害,损坏,破坏
4.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.跟踪,追踪　n.足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线
5.　　　　　　 n.生活环境,栖息地
continent
impact
damage
track
habitat
6.　　　　　　 n.居民,住户
7.　　　　　　 vi.反对,抗议　vt.反对;坚持声称,申辩　n.抗议,反对
8.　　　　　　 n.过程,进程;步骤,流程　vt.加工,处理
9.　　　　　　 n.策略,行动计划;策划,部署
10.　　　　　　 vt.回收利用,再利用
resident
protest
process
strategy
recycle
二、派生单词
1.　　　　　　　　　 n.& vt.伤害,损害→　　　　　　 adj.有害的
→　　　　　　 adj.无害的;没有恶意的
2.　　　　　　 v.变化;使多样化
→　　　　　　 n.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体
→　　　　　　 adj.各种不同的,各种各样的
3.　　　　　　 vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存,幸免于难
→　　　　　　 n.幸存;幸存→　　　　　　 n.幸存者;生还者
harm
harmless
vary
variety
various
survive
survival
survivor
harmful
4.　　　　　　　　　 v.出现;显得;似乎
→　　　　　　　　　 n.外观;外貌;出现
→　　　　　　 vi.不复存在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪
→　　　　　　　　 n.消失;不见
5.　　　　　　 n.农业,农学→　　　　　　 adj.农业的
6.　　　　　　 adj.绝种的→　　　　　　 n.灭绝,绝种
7. . 　　　　　vi.& vt.申请;应用;适用
→. 　　　　　 n.应用,运用;申请→　　　　　　 n.申请人
appear
appearance
disappear
disappearance
agriculture
agricultural
extinct
extinction
apply
application
applicant
8.　　　　　　 vt.组织;筹备;安排;处理
→　　　　　　 n.组织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理
→　　　　　　 n.组织者→　　　　　　 adj.有组织的
9.　　　　　　 v.防守
→　　　　　　　(AmE defense) n.辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守
→　　　　　　 adj.防御的
10.　　　　　　 n.化学制品　adj.化学的;化学作用的
→　　　　　　 n.化学→　　　　　　 n.化学家;药剂师
organize
organization
organizer
organized
defend
defence
defensive
chemical
chemistry
chemist
三、重点短语
1. 　　　　　　　　相应地,转而
2. 　　　　　　　　使分解(为),使变化(成);失败,崩溃,垮掉
3. 　　　　　　　　给……带来起色,注入活力
4. 　　　　　　　　由于,因为
5. 　　　　　　　　逐渐增加,扩大
6. 　　　　　　　　想出,想到
7. 　　　　　　　　(公开)要求;需要
8. 　　　　　　　　突然记起(或想到)
9. 　　　　　　　　摆脱,丢弃,扔掉
10. 　　　　　　　　使发生(或存在)
　　　　　
in turn
break down
breathe life into
due to
build up
come up with
call for
spring to mind
get rid of
give rise to
四、典型句式
1.倍数+the size of+被比较的对象
教材原句:With an area of around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
2.as引导时间状语从句
教材原句:As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Her father's death 　　　　　　(impact) greatly on her childhood years.
2.Floods have become more 　　　　　　(damage) in this country in recent decades.
3.To help them survive,we need to preserve their 　　　　　(habitat).
4.He 　　　　　　(protest) that the journey was too far by car.
5.A computer is a device for 　　　　　(process) information.
6.Some products can_____________(recycle) at the end of their useful life.
7.They were surveyed about their diets during high school and their eating habits______________ (track) for two decades.
语境应用
　　
impacted
damaging
habitats
protested
processing
be recycled
were tracked
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.While the experts agree that this kind of food is 　　　　　,it will be
　　　　　　to the teenagers if they eat it too much frequently.(harm)
2.There are 　　　　　　goods in the supermarket,and the prices__________from cents to dollars.The 　　　　　　attracts many customers.(vary)
3.The little girl was the only 　　　　　　who 　　　　　the strong earthquake.She told the reporter that she had to 　　　　　　on little food during the days when she was buried.I think her 　　　　　　was a real wonder.(survive)
harmless
various
vary
variety
survivor
survived
survive
survival
harmful
4.This kind of animal is becoming　　　　　　 and some experts are now appealing to the government to put it into 　　　　　　.(extinct)
5.All the　　　　　　 can 　　　　　　in person or by letter and at the same time they should hand in their 　　　　　　before May 6th.(apply)
6.He joined the 　　　　　　which was 　　　　　　by his school as soon as it was set up.(organize)
7.In time of war,lots of money will be spent on 　　　　　and many measures will be taken__________a country from being attacked.(defend)
extinct
extinction
applicants
apply
applications
organization
organized
defence
to defend
8.Our 　　　　　　teacher tells us this kind of change is a physical change,not a 　　　　　　one.(chemistry)
9.We are experiencing the greatest wave of extinctions since the
____________of the dinosaurs:Every hour,three species 　　　　.(appear)
10.It is important to study the geology of 　　　　　　　for the production of_____________products.(agriculture)
chemistry
chemical
disappearance
disappear
agriculture
agricultural
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.The young man made up his mind to_______________this bad habit.
2.Several candidates_______________a second interview.
3.No one_______________a more practical way at the meeting till now.
4.All the pressure______________at that time and the factory went from bad to worse.
5.In the north of the country,the population is booming_________high birth rates.
6.The computer system______________suddenly while he was searching for information.
get rid of
were called for
has come up with
built up
due to
broke down
Ⅳ.微写作
1.准确地说,这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
Exactly speaking,this room is__________________________________.
2.随着一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
_______________,China is getting stronger and richer.
three times the size of that one
As years go by
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.harm n.& vt.伤害,损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的;没有恶意的
[练会]单句语法填空
①Smoking is 　　　　　　(harm) to women and ch ildren,in particular.
②The professor may say no,but there is no harm in 　　　　　(ask).
[写美]微写作·背诵
③我用手捂住电话,低声说我没有恶意。(读后续写之动作描写)
I cupped my hand over the phone,whispering that I________________.
harmful
asking
meant no harm
归纳(1)do sb harm/do harm to sb 对某人有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)be harmful to 对……有害
佳句What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm to health.(应用文写作之倡议书)
众所周知,手机成瘾对健康有害。
2.variety n.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体→various adj.各种不同的,各种各样的→vary v.变化;使多样化
[练会]单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find 　　　　　　(variety) topics,such as science,culture and history.
②The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages　　　(various) from 10 to 15.
[写美]微写作·背诵
③他们为除夕夜准备各种美食和礼物。(应用文写作之传统节日)
They___________________________________________for the Spring Festival Eve.
various
vary
prepare various delicious food and presents
归纳(1)vary with...随……而变化
vary from person to person 因人而异
vary in 在……方面不同
(2)a variety of 各种各样的
(3)for various reasons 因种种原因
佳句There are varieties of reasons in favour of my opinion.(应用文写作之演讲稿)
有各种各样的理由支持我的观点。
3.survive vi.生存,存活　vt.幸存,幸免于难→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者;生还者
[练会]单句语法填空
①People who survived 　　　　　　the earthquake will remember their terrible experiences forever.
②The movie is about 　　　　　　(survive) and the choices we all make when one wants to survive,good or bad.
③The tradition of paper-cutting,especially during the Spring Festival____________(survive) in China for thousands of years.(应用文写作之传统文化)
from
survival
has survived
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我会交到朋友吗 我能在这个陌生的新世界生存吗 (读后续写之心理描写)
Would I make friends Would I_________________________________
survive in this strange new world
归纳survive sth 幸免于;从……中挺/活过来
survive from 从……存活下来;流传下来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……年)
点津survive 表示“幸免于难”时,是及物动词,其后不需要加介词in或from。
佳句Survivors of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time.(读后续写之情节描写)
事故的幸存者很快被送往最近的医院。
4.due to 由于,因为
[练会]单句语法填空
①The meeting isn't due__________(start) until three in the afternoon.
②I think I would be a good journalist due 　　　　my language skills.(应用文写作之申请信)
[写美]微写作·背诵
③这一切都归功于约翰的好主意,以及他实现它的方法。(读后续写之情节描写)
All this was　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,and the way he carried it out.
to start
to
due to John's bright idea
归纳be due to do sth 预计做某事;按预定时间做某事
be due to sb 应给某人的;欠某人的
due for sth 某人应该得到……
佳句He got much deserved praise due to helping the disabled people.(读后续写之主旨升华)
由于帮助了残疾人,他得到了当之无愧的赞扬。
介词,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
5.damage vt.& n.损害,伤害,损坏,破坏
[练会]单句语法填空
①Many of the images were stored in an ice chest,under freezing water,in the
　　　　 (damage) wooden ship.
②Eating too much meat one time will do damage 　　　　your stomach.(应用文写作之建议信)
③He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should____________　　　　(damage).(读后续写之动作描写)
damaged
to
be damaged
[写美]微写作·背诵
④一个农民从卡车里跳了出来,慢慢地、小心地看着损坏的地方。(读后续写之动作描写)
A farmer jumped out of the truck,slowly and carefully,and
_____________________.
looked at the damage
归纳(1)be badly/seriously damaged 严重受损
be slightly damaged 轻微受损
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
(2)do/cause damage to...对……造成损害/破坏
serious/minor damage 严重的/轻微的损伤
佳句My father offered to make up for the damage.(读后续写之情节描写)
我父亲提出赔偿损失。
6.build up 逐渐增加,扩大
[练会]单句语法填空
①His confidence built 　　　　　　as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
②May I take 　　　　　　a few minutes of your valuable time
③After all the delays,we were anxious to make 　　　　　　for lost time.
[写美]微写作·背诵
④积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于增强我们的身体,丰富我们的学校生活。(应用文写作之建议信)
Taking an active part in sports and outdoor activities is really helpful to
____________________________________________________.
up
up
up
build up our body and enrich our school life
归纳pick up 捡起;(无意中)学会;接收;搭载
take up 拿起;开始;从事;占据(时间或空间)
make up 虚构;弥补;组成
make up for 弥补,补偿
break up 分裂;打碎;结束;解体;分手;放假
佳句She was checking on our progress!Fear built up within me.(读后续写之心理描写)
她在检查我们的进度!恐惧在我心中滋长。
7.come up with 想出,想到
[练会]单句语法填空
①But I recently came 　　　　　　a study that shows why his approach works.
②Before the tool came 　　　　　　　,small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms.
[写美]微写作·背诵
③学生们可以在线上课堂中提出问题或回答问题。(应用文写作之事物介绍)
Students can________________________or answer questions while taking online classes.
across
out
come up with
归纳come about 发生
come across (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解
come up 被提出;出现;发芽
come out 出来;长出;出版;结果是
come down with a disease 患病
佳句All of this was thanks to the good idea that John came up with.(读后续写之情感升华)
这一切都要归功于约翰想出的好主意。
8.application n.应用,运用;申请→apply vi.& vt.申请;应用;适用→applicant n.申请人
[练会]单句语法填空
①The invention would have wide 　　　　　　(apply) in industry.
②We must apply what we have learned 　　　　　　our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.(应用文写作之建议信)
[写美]微写作·背诵
③如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)
I would appreciate it if you could___________________________________.
application
to
take my application into consideration
归纳apply...to...把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上
apply oneself to 致力于;集中精力于
apply to...适应/适用……
apply (to...) for...(向……)申请……
佳句After applying a little ointment to his hand,Jeff soon applied himself to cleaning up the kitchen.(读后续写之动作描写)
Jeff在手上涂了一点药膏后,很快就开始专心打扫厨房。
9.consequence n.结果,后果;重要性→consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→consequently adv.因此;所以
[练会]单句语法填空
①I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the
　　　　　　(consequence).
②　　　　　　 a consequence of his hard work,he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.
consequences
As
[写美]句式升级·背诵
③The farm was flooded,and as a result,most of the harvest was lost.
→The farm was flooded,and_________________________,most of the harvest was lost.
→The farm was flooded,and______________________,most of the harvest was lost.
as a consequence
consequently/therefore
归纳as a consequence 因此(=as a result)
as a consequence of 由于(=as a result of)
in consequence(of sth) 由于(……的缘故);因而
佳句The warming of the Earth and the consequent climate changes affect us all.(应用文写作之演讲稿)
地球变暖以及随之而来的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.track
A.vt.& vi.跟踪,追踪　B.n.足迹,踪迹　C.n.小道　D.n.轨道;路线
①(2022全国乙卷)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.　　
②(2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked,a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,“off-line” activity.　　
D
A
③The tracks of the large animal were clearly printed in the sand.　　
④The truck turned off the main road along the gravelly track which led to the farm.　　
2.process
A.n.过程,进程　B.n.步骤,流程 C.vt.加工,处理
①It's a normal part of the learning process.　　
②As we age,even if we're healthy,the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.　　
③A good life is a process,not a state of being:a direction,not a destination.　　
B
C
B
C
A
3.branch
A.分部　B.树枝　C.支流;分支
①Sitting on a branch,he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.　　
②(2023全国甲卷)Head Chef David Thompson,who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.　　
③The computer chemistry has become a newly emerged branch of science.　　
B
A
C
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.organization
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n._____________　　　　 Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
n.____________　　　　 I leave most of the organization of these conferences to my assistant.
生义 n.____________　　　　 I am aware that the organization of the event leaves something to be desired.
组织,团体
组织工作
安排;条理
2.protest
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt.& vi.　　　　　 There's no use protesting.I won't change my mind.
n.______________ These protests have really made the government sit up and take notice.
生义 vt. ______________ Before they could protest,the drivers were taken away by the soldiers.
反对
抗议,反对
坚持声称,申辩
3.further
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. 　　　　　　　　　 We have decided to take no further action.
adv. 　　　　　　　 My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway,where I attended a high school.
生义 vt. 　　　　　　　 With our efforts,ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.
更多的,更进一步的
进一步
促进,增进
重点句型透视
1.倍数+the size of+被比较的对象
[教材原句] With an area of around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米,相当于中国面积的一半以上。
[练会]单句语法填空
①When you study the local map,you'll find this town is 　　　　　　(two) the size of that one.
②My school has expanded into a big one,which is three times_________(big)
than the previous one.
twice
bigger
③The number of students now in this school is four times 　　　　　　it was ten years ago.
[写美]微写作·背诵
④令他吃惊的是,他只邀请了十个朋友来参加他的聚会,而来的人却多了一倍。(读后续写之情感描写)
Much to his surprise,he invited only ten friends to his party,but_________
____________.
what
twice as
many came
归纳常见表示“倍数”的句型:
(1)A+谓语+倍数+as+ adj./adv.原级+as+B
(2)A+谓语+倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+than+B
(3)A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size/length/width/height/depth...)+of+B
(4)A+谓语+倍数+what从句
点津表示“两倍”用twice或double,三倍及以上用“基数词+times”表达;倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语来表达。
2.as引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
随着人类活动的影响不断增加,濒危物种的名单越来越长,这就留给我们一个问题:我们能承担得起损伤“地球之肺”的后果吗
[练会]单句语法填空
①As technology 　　　　　　(develop),we can have access to the information swiftly.
②With our life 　　　　　　(improve),we find more and more time entertaining.
develops
improving
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③随着时间的推移,我逐渐适应了学校生活。(应用文写作之学校生活)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(with)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(as)
With time going by
As time went by
归纳(1)as是连词,意为“随着”,引导时间状语从句。
(2)with是介词,意为“随着”,后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
佳句As time goes by,Beijing Opera has become one of the most popular dramas in China.(应用文写作之传统文化介绍)
随着时间的推移,京剧成为中国最受欢迎的剧种之一。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.The roof of the car_____________(damage) in the accident.
2.　　　　　　(consequence),we should have no problem reaching our goals this year.
3.We regret to inform you that your 　　　　　　(apply) has not been successful.
4.It was due 　　　my English teacher's help that I have made rapid progress in English over the past year.
5.To build 　　　our strength,we often hold all kinds of activities,such as playing basketball and table tennis.
was damaged
Consequently
application
to
up
B组　高考链接
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The task John set for himself was to remove
　　　　　　(harm) substances from some sludge(污泥).
7.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times________size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
8.(2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Yellowstone National Park offers a________ (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park,and throughout the year.
9.(2021浙江1月卷)But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 　　　　　　(survive).
10.(2021天津卷)With that thought in mind,Pruitt came up 　　　　　　a plan and posted it on the community website.
harmful
the
variety
survived
with
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
The Amazon rainforest,on the South American continent, has an area of around 6 million square kilometres.It gets its name from the Amazon River,which is close to 6,400 kilometers in 1. 　　　(long).
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife, making it home to different kinds of living things.Mammals 2. __________
(survive) in the forest feed on some species such as frogs.The frogs, 3.______turn,feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.4. __________
mammals die,microorganisms break down their bodies and return nutrients to the earth.This is the forest's food chain.The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing oxygen.Thus,it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”.
length
surviving
in
When
However,over the past 50 years,part of the forest 5._______________ (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.Animals 6.__________(trap) and shot for fun by hunters.When humans build farms or factories,they destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere 7.__________(live).As the impact of human activities continues to grow,more species are in danger of extinction.With the development of industry,waste poison and chemicals are put into the river.What's worse,8.__________(globe) warming caused by greenhouse gases produced by the factories has done much harm to the forest.As 9.__________consequence,the poor quality of the water gives rise to public health problems.
has disappeared
are trapped
to live
global
a
A former UN official once said,“Saving our planet,lifting people out of poverty,advancing economic growth...these are one and the same fight.” Now it is high time to take effective measures to prevent 10.__________(far) damage to the forest.
further
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
续写微情景
第一步　单句写作
1.随着时间的流逝,我们被困在森林里。(as引导时间状语从句)
________________,we got stuck in the forest.
2.我们没有想出解决办法,天渐渐黑了。(come up with)
We didn't_____________________________and it was getting dark.
As time went by
come up with the solution
3.一场意外的阵雨对我们找到回家的路产生了影响,因为我们留下的所有足迹都因雨而消失了。(impact,track,due to,disappear)
An unexpected shower__________________________finding our way home,for_____________________________________________________.
4.我几乎处于崩溃的边缘,我不知道我是否能活下来。(break down,survive)
I was almost on the edge of________________________________________
________________.
5.父亲的话为我注入了生机。(bring the life into)
My father's words________________________.
had an impact on
all the tracks we had made disappeared due to the rain
breaking down and I didn't know whether
I could survive
brought the life into me
6.他记得农舍附近有一朵开着白花的睡莲。(water lily)
He remembered there was________________________________________
near the farm house.
7.我们找到了睡莲,回到了房子里。
We found the____________________and got back to the house.
8.这是一个前所未有的激动人心的过程!(process)
It's_____________________like never before we had!
a water lily with white flowers
water lily
a thrilling process
第二步　句式升级
9.用强调句升级句5。
______________________________________________________________
10.用感叹句升级句8。
______________________________________________________________
It was my father's words that brought the life into me.
What a thrilling process like never before we had!
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
As time went by,we got stuck in the forest.We didn't come up with the solution and it was getting dark.And an unexpected shower had an impact on finding our way home,for all the tracks we had made disappeared due to the rain.I was almost on the edge of breaking down and I didn't know whether I could survive.It was my father's words that brought the life into me.He remembered there was a water lily with white flowers near the farm house.Finally,we found the water lily and got back to the house.What a thrilling process like never before we had!
练续写 锤炼技能
(九)情感描写之“后悔、内疚与自责”
Ⅰ.语块必记
1.much to one's regret 深感遗憾
2.with deep/great regret 深表遗憾地
3.full of guilt 满是愧疚
4.give/send your regrets 深表歉意
5.a pang of regret 一阵痛悔之情
6.feel guilty 感到内疚
7.regretful tears 悔恨的泪水
8.a guilty look on one's face 脸上露出惭愧的表情
9.a feeling of guilt 内疚感
10.have guilt written all over one's face 满脸愧疚
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.直陈式表述
运用guilty,shameful等将内疚心理直接表述出来是一种常见的表达方式。
I'm guilty of it myself.我自己也对此感到内疚。
I felt guilty about having told a lie.
我因撒了谎而感到内疚。
You really want her to stay out of guilt.
你真的想让她远离内疚。
You must be sorry for your own indifference.
你一定会为自己的冷漠而后悔。
He had no sense of shame and never felt guilty.
他没有羞耻感,也从不感到内疚。
I believed Julie was totally remorseful over what she did.我相信朱莉对自己的所作所为非常懊悔。
He seemed so ashamed that he was not able to help his five children.
他似乎很惭愧,他无法帮助他的五个孩子。
He was filled with remorse for having refused to visit his dying father.
他因拒绝看望他垂死的父亲而深感懊悔。
2.描述性表述
人们内疚时会低头不语,步伐缓慢;羞愧难当时会泪流满面。描述人们内疚时的表现,将角色的内疚心情间接地表达出来更有画面感。
She took off the crown with her tears rolling down.
她摘下王冠,眼泪簌簌地流下来。
“I can't read anything in this book,” he said with great pain.“这本书我什么也看不懂,”他痛苦地说。
Susan sat down on the grass speechless reflecting on what she did.苏珊坐在草地上,无言以对地想着自己的所作所为。
Having heard the remark,Susan bent her head and wiped away a tear.
听到这句话,苏珊低下头,擦去了一滴眼泪。
“I shouldn't have been so stupid,” she said,tears flowing down her cheeks.
“我不应该这么愚蠢,”她说,眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。
3.比喻性表述
在写作中我们可以用比喻来表达内疚的心情,以使句子更加形象生动。
He couldn't go any further,his stiff legs like pieces of lead-heavy wood.他再也走不动了,僵硬的双腿像一块块含铅的木头。
4.夸张性表述
我们也可以运用想象力,将内疚想象成有形事物进行描述,并加以放大。
He felt his head heavy with guilt.
他因内疚而感到沉重。
He was so burdened with guilt and regret that he lowered his head.
他被内疚和悔恨压得喘不过气来,低下了头。
5.拟人式表述
我们也可以将内疚想象成一个人或有生命的动物来描述它的言行,使语言更加生动。
The guilt infused his legs preventing him from walking further.
内疚充溢在他的双腿上,使他不能再往前走了。
6.反语式表述
在读后续写中,我们也可以用正话反说的方式来表达内疚的心情。
If you didn't feel guilty,you wouldn't have a look of shame.如果你不感到内疚,你就不会有羞愧的表情。
His face showed guilt though he said he had done nothing wrong.虽然他说他没有做错任何事,但他脸上露出内疚的表情。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“后悔、内疚与自责”的表达完成下列各句。
①看着安泪流满面,我满脸愧疚。
Looking at Ann's face wet with tears,I______________________________.(神态+情感)
②她发出后悔的叫声:“我真傻!”
She______________________________,“How silly I am!”(对话)
③我还没来得及说话,她就冲出去了。
She___________________________________.(动作描写)
had guilt written all over my face
let out a cry of regret
dashed out before I could utter a word
④我愣住了,沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊!
__________________________________________.If only I had not quarreled with her!(动作+情感,并列句)
__________________________________________.If only I had not quarreled with her!(非谓语动词作状语)
⑤我眼里涌出懊悔的泪水,冲下楼向安道歉。
______________________________________,I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann.(with复合结构)
I froze and drowned in feelings of guilt about her
I froze,drowning in feelings of guilt about her
With regretful tears welling up in my eyes
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Looking at Ann's face wet with tears,I had guilt written all over my face.All of a sudden,she let out a cry of regret,“How silly I am!”Then,she dashed out before I could utter a word.I froze,drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with her! Eventually,with regretful tears welling up in my eyes,I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann.
研真题 链接高考
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读B)——呼吁减少食物浪费
Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story.It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that's hard to understand,let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500
pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don't think.“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat,” Curtin says.
一、理清脉络
二、真题再做
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A.We pay little attention to food waste.
B.We waste food unintentionally at times.
C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
D.We have good reasons for wasting food.
B
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.”可知,朋友邀请作者就餐,作者把鸡肉放进冰柜里,但随着日子一天天过去,芝麻菜变坏了。由此猜测,作者提到芝麻菜是为了说明有时我们会无意识地浪费食物。故选B项。
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A.Moral decline.
B.Environmental harm.
C.Energy shortage.
D.Worldwide starvation.
B
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That makes food waste an environmental problem.”和“'... it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.'”可知,食物浪费会造成环境危害。故选B项。
26.What does Curtin's company do
A.It produces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.
D
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.”可知,该公司回收食物并把它制成更健康的食物。故选D项。
27.What does Curtin suggest people do
A.Buy only what is needed.
B.Reduce food consumption.
C.Go shopping once a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
A
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping”可知,Curtin建议我们只购买需要的东西。故选A项。
三、语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词义 例句
　　　　　 unthinkingly ___________ Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
　　　　　 consumption __________ Reduce food
consumption.
thinking
不假思索地
consume
消耗量
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
near __________________ Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.
produce __________ Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.
vt.临近(某一时间)
n.农产品
3.积累高频词块
(1)go to waste
(2)round...out
(3)go hungry
(4)large amounts of
(5) side dish (6)moral decline
4.赏析续写佳句
In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
事实上,罗伊特写道,“__________________________________________
____________________。”
被浪费掉
使……圆满/完整
挨饿
大量的
配菜
道德滑坡
如果食物浪费是一个国家,它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国
5.破解复杂句式
It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly”(but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
分析:It是形式主语,真正的主语是____________________;破折号后的内容是对前面内容的补充说明;rejected by grocers及thrown into restaurant garbage cans为　　　　　语,分别修饰　　　　　和　　　　　。
译文: _________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
how引导的从句
后置定
vegetables
dishes
虽能食用但因“长相难看”就被杂货店主丢弃的蔬菜,大量未食用就被扔进餐厅垃圾桶的菜肴,这些非常不错的食物就这样被扔掉,简直令人吃惊。