2024年广东省英语中考总复习被动语态讲义

被动语态
知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容
一般现在时的被动语态 / /
一般过去时的被动语态 语法选择 (2023)33．invited, are invited, were invited (2022)37．ask, asked, were asked (2021)39．are inviting, are invited, were invited, were inviting
一般将来时的被动语态 / /
含情态动词的被动语态 / /
基础练习
被动语态的构成与基本用法
被动语态由“be动词＋过去分词”构成，其中be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
用法 例句
不清楚动作的执行者是谁 The window in the classroom was broken yesterday．
没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 These books are written especially for children．
强调或突出动作的承受者 John is asked to make a speech by his teacher．
※拓展
1．有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last, have, own, belong to …
2．不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态：happen, take place, appear …
3．系动词主动形式表被动含义：look, feel, sound, smell, taste … 如：The dish tastes good.
4．有些动词的主动形式亦可表被动含义：sell, write, act, drive … 如：This kind of skirt sells well.
5．在主动语态中不带“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常见的有感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等以及使役动词let, make, have。如：The teacher made Tom clean the floor.(变为被动语态)→Tom was made to clean the floor.
一般现在时的被动语态
肯定式 am/is/are＋过去分词 The window is cleaned once a week.
否定式 am/is/are＋not＋过去分词 The window is not cleaned once a week.
疑问式 将am/is/are提前＋过去分词 Is the window cleaned once a week？
(　C　)1．(2023河北)Breakfast every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
A．provides B．provided
C．is provided D．was provided
(　B　)2．(2023扬州)Sand turns to glass when it by lightning.
A．hits B．is hit
C．is hitting D．will be hit
(　B　)3．(2023成都)A great number of beautiful flowers on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A．plant B．are planted C．are planting
一般过去时的被动语态
肯定式 was/were＋过去分词 The window was cleaned once a week last term.
否定式 was/were＋not＋过去分词 The window was not cleaned once a week last term.
疑问式 将was/were提前＋过去分词 Was the window cleaned once a week last term？
(　C　)4．(2023怀化)The cake by the hungry students quickly yesterday.
A．eats B．is eaten C．was eaten
(　B　)5．(2023岳阳)The panda Ya Ya back to China on April 27th, 2023.
A．is brought B．was brought C．will be brought
(　D　)6．(2023安徽)Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they into schools.
A．introduce B．introduced
C．are introduced D．were introduced
一般将来时的被动语态
肯定式 will/shall/be going to＋be＋过去分词 The window will be cleaned once a week next term.
否定式 will/shall not/be not going to＋be＋过去分词 The window will not be cleaned once a week next term.
疑问式 将will/shall提前＋be＋过去分词/将be提前＋going to＋be＋过去分词 Will the window be cleaned once a week next term？
(　D　)7．(2023连云港)To make the environment much better, more trees next year.
A．plant B．will plant
C．are planted D．will be planted
(　D　)8．(2023天津)Some photos of the moon in the Space Club next week.
A．shows B．is showing
C．were shown D．will be shown
含情态动词的被动语态
肯定式 情态动词＋be＋过去分词 The window can be cleaned once a week.
否定式 情态动词＋not＋be＋过去分词 The window can not be cleaned once a week.
疑问式 将情态动词提前＋be＋过去分词 Can the window be cleaned once a week？
(　A　)9．(2023新疆)—Hanfu lovers walking down the street in many cities.
—Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture.
A．can be found B．can find
C．must be found D．must find
提升练习
被动语态在语法选择中的运用
(2023广东)He and his parents 33 to a Family Space Camp．They had a taste of what it was like to travel ...
33．A．invited B．are invited C．were invited
★Step 1 判断主语与谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动。
【思路点拨】分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是“He and his parents”，谓语动词是“invited”，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，表示“被邀请”，应用被动语态(be done)。故排除A选项。
★Step 2 判断被动语态的时态和数的变化(遵循主谓一致的原则)。
【思路点拨】根据语境及下文中的动词“had”可知，此处应用一般过去时，再结合Step 1可知，此处应为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were，排除B选项。故选C。
课后练习
一、单项填空
(　A　)1．(2023徐州)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character．It by people of all ages.
A．is loved B．was loved
C．will love D．is loving
(　D　)2．(2023江西)Hou Yi magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, but then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
A．gives B．has given
C．gave D．was given
(　D　)3．(2023盘锦)It is reported that 6G technology widely in a short time.
A．uesd B．will use
C．is used D．will be used
(　C　)4．(2023重庆二模)—Where is Jane I didn't see her anywhere.
—She to Helen's birthday party．But I'm not sure.
A．may invite B．is invited
C．may be invited D．must be invited
(　B　)5．(2023厦门二模)—A coffee cultural festival on May 18 in Xiamen．Did you attend it
—Certainly．Our shop even shared how to make soaps with coffee waste.
A．held B．was held C．was holding
二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1．(2023包头三模改编)As we know, about 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered(cover) with water．
2．(2023南京二模)There were few trees before, and we were hit(hit) by sandstorms seriously in spring.
3．(2023扬州二模)To learn English well, students should be encouraged(encourage) to speak as much as possible.
4．(2023无锡三模)Don't worry about your son．He will be reminded(remind) to take the medicine after he wakes up.
5．An elderly couple and a child were noticed(notice) to enter the building just now.
三、小语篇特训(核心素养：文化意识)
Pan Yunfeng is a bamboo weaver(编织者) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province．He has been known to people since his short videos of making objects out of bamboo．These videos 1 on the Internet now．In the most popular video, Pan made a pot brush out of bamboo.
(　A　)1．A．are seen B．saw C．were seen
Pan 2 to be a bamboo weaver in his teenage years．He found the handwork was less popular when he was ready to work．Bamboo objects can 3 by machines．Having difficulty in making a living with his skills, Pan left his village and became a worker in the 1990s.
(　B　)2．A．trains B．was trained C．is trained
(　B　)3．A．make B．be made C．made
In 2019, he decided to learn how to make videos and sell bamboo products online．Unexpectedly, his videos 4 across the world．More and more people fell in love with this traditional art．Pan 5 to make new objects out of bamboo as well.
Pan is hopeful about the traditional bamboo weaving art．He hopes there will be more people loving, learning and passing down it.
(　C　)4．A．spread
B．are spread
C．were spread
(　A　)5．A．was encouraged
B．will be encouraged
C．encourages
四、语法选择
(2023陕西改编)Dear Helen Keller,
My name is Amelia Grant．I live 1 a small city．There, my father has an oil factory．At the age of eight, something terrible happened while I was playing near an oil well．It made me lose most of my hearing．
(　A　)1．A．in B．on C．at
A lot 2 for me since then．For one thing, I cannot hear music like before．I used to love listening to my mother sing songs．When I first lost my hearing, I was sad that I could never again hear my mother sing．But now I put my ear to her chest 3 the vibrations(震动)of her voice．Now, I feel music instead of hearing it．
(　C　)2．A．changed B．will change C．has changed
(　B　)3．A．feel B．to feel C．feeling
Also, I have to go to 4 different school in another city — Texas School for the Deaf．It is over 300 5 away from my hometown．The teachers there are kind, 6 I can only see my parents during holidays．I miss them very much．
During 7 last winter holiday, my daddy gave me a book you wrote, The Story of My Life．From it, I learned a lot about you．When you first became deaf and blind, you had a hard time showing people 8 you wanted．Because of this, you would sometimes get mad and make 9 noises．Now I know your feelings and I 10 by your book．I'm going to write to you in a few days to tell you more．
Yours,
Amelia Grant
(　A　)4．A．a B．an C．the
(　B　)5．A．kilometer B．kilometers C．kilometers'
(　C　)6．A．because B．or C．but
(　C　)7．A．we B．us C．our
(　B　)8．A．how B．what C．why
(　C　)9．A．loudest B．louder C．loud
(　A　)10．A．am encouraged
B．were encouraged
C．encourage