人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land提能训练(含答案）

Unit 5 Working the Land
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·济南市学情调研)
Lam Hon-ming, director of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is a top expert in soybean(大豆) research.Since 1998, Lam's team has been cooperating with scientists in other provinces.In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu Province, at a national soybean conference.With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers' lives and promote local agriculture.
Farmers in Gansu Province depend largely on the weather for their livelihood, mainly on rainfall, which is also a cause of severe poorness in the area.In 2016, they developed three new soybean varieties suited to salty soil and rare rainfall of Northwest China.All received official government approval.
As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for the growth of common varieties of soybeans, local farmers never planted soybeans, and it became a major problem for spreading new soybeans.Lam and Zhang increased communication with farmers through various ways.To insure farmers' income, Lam struck a partnership with a Hong Kong food company that will purchase all soybeans at market price when they are harvested.
By 2020, the planting area of the three approved soybeans in Gansu Province had gone beyond 2.4 million square kilometers, covering 46 of the province's 80-plus counties, and the output had reached 7.71 million kilograms, adding about 30 million yuan to local farmers' income.
Zhang said that Professor Lam's contribution has greatly pushed poverty reduction and agricultural research in Northwest China.“It is hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding.And it is more difficult to travel from Hong Kong to the poor areas of the Northwest to do agricultural research，” he added.In the future, Lam will continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more “Hong Kong power”into the development of the Northwest.
1．What can we know about the two scientists from Paragraph 1？
A．They are friends since 1998.
B．They both major in agriculture.
C．They once served in the same lab.
D．They met by chance in Hong Kong.
2．What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Rainfall is not enough.
B．The locals lived a poor life.
C．Little land is rich in nutrition.
D．The farmers never planted soybeans.
3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us？
A．More work needs to be done.
B．All farmers become better-off.
C．The two scientists are successful.
D．Soybeans grow throughout Gansu Province.
4．Which of the following can best describe Lam Hon-ming？
A．Dependent. B．Honest.
C．Open-minded. D．Devoted.
B
(2024·广州市调研)
Pieter Bruegel the Elder's iconic 1565 painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.The work shows people harvesting wheat nearly as tall as they were.“Nowadays, however, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see that wheat is about knee-height.The reduced height is essentially a consequence of breeding(培育) along with genes for increasing production to feed a growing population, ”biologist De Smet explained.
De Smet says wheat is just one example of how historical artworks can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time.He teamed up with art historian Vergauwen, a friend since childhood, to document such artworks around the world.They have been mainly looking at things where they can spot changes in shape, color and size.
Their interest in plants in artworks began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum, where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting.It appeared to be pale and white on the inside.Biologist De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job.But art historian Vergauwen had a different idea.“No.This is one of the best painters ever from that era.So if he painted it like that, that's the way it must have looked like, ”he explained.
Other paintings revealed that both red and white watermelons were grown during the 17th century.“With all the genetic knowledge we now have, we can look in more details about how something comes about, ”De Smet said.“For example, until the 18th century, European strawberries appeared tiny in paintings—they then grew in size as they were crossbred with North American varieties.”
Ultimately, the team hopes to create an online research database of historical plant artworks.They seek the contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media.“ However，” Vergauwen reminds, “if you're going to use, for example, Picasso to try and understand how a pear looked in the early 20th century, you might be misled.”
5．What can we learn about the painting The Harvesters？
A．It shows how people successfully grew wheat.
B．It proves that wheat was much shorter in the past.
C．It explains the consequence of different breeding methods.
D．It gives clues about how wheat in the 16th century looked like.
6．What inspired the research team to start their study？
A．Their preference for food crops.
B．Their friendship since childhood.
C．Their divided views on an old painting.
D．Their shared interest in the Hermitage Museum.
7．What is the message from Vergauwen in the last paragraph？
A．Abstract paintings often mislead people.
B．Art enthusiasts are not careful enough.
C．The source paintings need to be realistic.
D．Picasso's paintings are hard to understand.
8．What is the purpose of the text？
A．To comment on historical plant paintings.
B．To tell interesting stories behind plant artworks.
C．To inform readers of a scientific breakthrough.
D．To introduce a study on food crop transformation from historical artworks.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·东北师大等名校联考)
I'm a creature of habit.The walking route I've established around the block in New York 1.　 varies.On my walk, I take 2.　 in what my fellow gardeners have planted.Of all the sights, I think I 3.　 Nell's garden the most.
Every morning, I pass Nell on her 4.　showing respect for Mother Nature.While other women on the block 5.　 noisily over coffee break, Nell communicates with her flowers in 6.　 spiritually.
One morning Nell didn't bend over the lilies.Nor did she prune(修剪) branches.Looking lost, she sat on her front porch and 7.　 off into space.
“Nell Nell Are you all right？”
Slowly she turned to me.With a long deep breath, she said in a whisper, “We are 8.　.”
Now I joined her in her 9.　: What would I do without her fragrance and the flower heads 10.　in time to my footfalls
Several months going by, Nell rarely spent time among the flowers, leaving the garden 11.　.Then one morning, a moving pickup 12.　 to block the driveway.The house sat vacant.Life is like Nell's garden.We plan and plant, and one day we move on.This spring I planted an annual garden.A friend was 13.　 and asked, “Why did you go through all that effort Aren't you moving to England？”
She is right.I won't be here, but another woman will.She'll move into my house and enjoy the flowers I've 14.　.I hope that across the 15.　 another woman is planting flowers in front of a house that I'll rent.We plant not only for ourselves, but also for those who come behind us.
1．A.occasionally B．constantly
C．barely D．temporarily
2．A.part B．joy
C．steps D．risks
3．A.treasure B．plant
C．design D．tend
4．A.fingers B．fists
C．arms D．knees
5．A.chat B．compete
C．cheer D．play
6．A.fear B．amazement
C．advance D．silence
7．A.flew B．stared
C．blew D．went
8．A.harvesting B．packing
C．traveling D．moving
9．A.sadness B．confusion
C．sympathy D．madness
10．A.screaming B．dropping
C．nodding D．kicking
11．A.unused B．unattended
C．unchanged D．unexpected
12．A.pulled up B．drove away
C．passed by D．settled down
13．A.genuine B．humble
C．curious D．sensitive
14．A.taken away B．run after
C．left behind D．wondered at
15．A.country B．block
C．garden D．ocean
Ⅲ.七选五
(2024·山西省适应性调测)
You've probably heard of a hybrid (杂交物种)in films or books.The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse. 1.　
Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals. 2.　 What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization.
Cross-breeding(杂交) sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps (部分重叠)． 3.　 The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate.As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears.
Artificial mixing often happens in zoos, where different species that don't normally meet in the wild can be introduced to each other.Ligers (lion and tiger hybrids) are unlikely to occur in nature, because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India. 4.　 Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals.Most hybrids born in zoos are infertile, which means they are unable to have babies.However, many cross-breeds born in the wild, like the grolar bear, can have their own babies.
5.　 “It's part of the evolutionary process, ”he says.Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things.
A．Wildlife conservation is of significance.
B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process
C．That's due to habitat destruction or changing climate.
D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world, too
E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing.
F．Many conservationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing.
G．Living things, especially plants, will naturally hybridize in the wild.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2024·广州市调测)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met the Man of the Trees in summer ten years ago, when I was visiting Uncle Jita.
Those were difficult times.People were cutting down our forest, and there was often flooding.Sometimes our water supply was dirty.When our pump (水泵) did have clean water, we had to wait in line for ages.When the pump wasn't working, we had to walk five kilometers to the closest stream.
But I was happy.I was going to see my favorite uncle.When the day finally arrived, Dad drove me to Uncle Jita's house and left.Once he saw me, Uncle Jita announced, “Tomorrow we're going to explore a magical place.Here is my camera, Amy.You can take photos of what you see.”
The following day, we woke up and left early on a boat.The trip was exciting.But when we got off, there was nothing in front of us.“I don't want to take pictures of this，” I complained.
Uncle Jita laughed, “ Start walking, Amy.I promise you'll be surprised.” After some time, I could see the outline of a forest in the distance.A little closer, there was a man waving to us.
“That's Kabir.The forest you see is his.He planted every single tree.” As we walked toward Kabir, Uncle Jita explained that thirty years ago, the whole area was a wasteland.But one day Kabir decided to change all that and started planting trees.Thanks to him, part of the wasteland was now a paradise(乐园)．
Uncle Jita introduced me to Kabir, who had gray hair and a determined face.“Jita told me you like animals.Are you ready to see some？” he asked.“ Of course！”I replied.We continued walking and soon were under the trees.I turned my head and was amazed at the difference between the two places, all because of the efforts of one man.
Like Uncle Jita said, Kabir's forest was magical.We saw deer, cattle, and even bears.During lunchtime, Kabir explained how, by planting trees, it was possible to stop the land from eroding(侵蚀)．
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing this, I turned to my uncle, “I think we can plant trees too.”
In the years that followed, people in our village worked hard to carry out our plan.
A:语篇导读：文章讲述香港中文大学农业生物技术国家重点实验室副主任林汉明和甘肃省的农业专家张国宏通过研究出的新品种大豆帮助甘肃农民改善生活，推动甘肃当地农业发展。
1.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu Province, at a national soybean conference.”及“With the same major, they hit it off”可知，这两位科学家都主修农业。故选B。
2.解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for... local farmers never planted soybeans”可知，由于中国西北地区的土地不适合种植普通大豆品种，当地农民从不种植大豆，因此这成为推广新品种大豆的主要问题，由此可知， it指代上文提到的“当地农民从不种植大豆”这件事。故选D。
3.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中提到的数据可知，当地大豆产量提高了，农民收入增加了；由此可知，两位科学家成功完成了他们当初的目标。故选C。
4.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding. And it is more difficult to... do agricultural research”和“continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more”等可知，尽管困难重重，林汉明仍然继续农业研究。由此可推知，林汉明先生十分具有奉献精神。故选D。
B:语篇导读：本文主要介绍了古艺术品能够传递一定的农业信息，为农作物变化的研究提供线索。
5.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，老彼得·勃鲁盖尔1565年的标志性画作《收割者》悬挂在大都会艺术博物馆。在这幅画中，收割小麦的人几乎和小麦一样高。因
此，这幅画为16世纪小麦的样子提供了线索。故选D。
6.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中第三句和第四句可知，生物学家德斯梅特认为这位画家画得不好，但艺术史学家韦高文却有不同的看法。由此推测，他们对一幅古画有不同的看法，由此启发了他们的研究。故选C。
7.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，韦高文提醒说，如果你试图用毕加索的作品来理解20世纪初梨的样子，你可能会被误导。因此，在最后一段中韦高文传达了抽象画常常误导人的信息。故选A。
8.解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意，尤其是第二段中的“De Smet says what is just one example of how historical artworks can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time.”以及最后一段第一句可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍通过古艺术品对粮食作物变化进行的一项研究。故选D。
1.解析：根据上文“I'm a creature of habit.”可知，此处指作者的行走路线很少改变。barely 意为“几乎不”，符合语境。occasionally 偶尔；constantly 持续不断地；temporarily 暂时地。故选C。
2.解析：根据下文“in what my fellow gardeners have planted”可知，作者喜欢她的园丁同伴们种的东西。 joy意为“开心，快乐”， take joy in意为“喜欢，享受”，符合语境。part部分；step步伐；risk风险。故选B。
3.解析：根据上文“Of all the sights”及语境可知，内尔的花园是作者最珍爱的。treasure意为“珍爱”，符合语境。plant播种；design设计；tend照顾。故选A。
4.解析：根据下文“showing respect for Mother Nature”和“Nell didn't bend over the lilies”可知，内尔会跪在地上表达对大自然的尊敬。on one's knees意为“跪着”，
符合语境。故选D。
5.解析：根据下文“noisily over coffee break”可知，此处指喝咖啡休息时大声聊天。chat意为“聊天”，符合语境。compete竞争；cheer欢呼。故选A。
6.解析：根据上文的While和noisily 及下文spiritually可知，此处指内尔与她的花无声地交流着。in silence意为“无声地”，符合语境。in fear担心地；in amazement 吃惊地；in advance 提前。故选D。
7.解析：根据设空处所在句“Looking lost, she sat on her front porch and 7 off into space.”可知，此时内尔看起来很迷茫，她坐在前廊上，目不转睛地望着外面。stare off意为“凝视，发呆”，符合语境。fly off飞走；blow off吹掉；go off睡着，离开。故选B。
8.解析：根据下文“The house sat vacant.”可知，此处指内尔小声说，她们要搬家了。move 意为“搬家”，符合语境。harvest 收获；pack打包；travel旅游。故选D。
9.解析：根据上文Looking lost和“With a long deep breath, she said in a whisper, ‘We are 8 .’”及下文“Now, I joined her”和“What would I do without her fragrance”可知，得知内尔将要搬家的消息后，作者也很悲伤。sadness 意为“悲伤”，符合语境。confusion 困惑；sympathy 同情；madness疯狂。故选A。
10.解析：根据上文“Now I joined her in her 9 ：What would I do without her fragrance and the flower heads”及语境可知，此处指花头随脚步摇曳像点头一样。nod 意为“点头；使晃动”，符合语境。故选C。
11.解析：根据上文“Nell rarely spent time among the flowers”可知，此处指花
园无人照料。unattended 意为“无人照料的”，符合语境。unused从未用过的；unchanged无变化的；unexpected出乎意料的。故选B。
12.解析：根据下文“to block the driveway”可知，此处指卡车停下来堵住了车道。pull up意为“停车”，符合语境。drive away(把车)开走；pass by经过；settle down定居下来。故选A。
13.解析：根据下文“and asked, ‘Why did you go through all that effort？Aren't you moving to England？’”可知，朋友对作者的行为感到很好奇。curious 意为“好奇的”，符合语境。genuine 真诚的；humble 谦逊的；sensitive 敏感的。故选C。
14.解析：根据上文“She'll move into my house and enjoy the flowers”可知，此处指有人会搬进来，欣赏作者所留下来的这些花。leave behind意为“留下”，符合语境。take away拿走；run after追逐；wonder at惊叹于。故选C。
15.解析：根据上文“The walking route I've established around the block in New York”及“Aren't you moving to England？”和常识可知，作者将从纽约搬到英国，她希望她在英国租的房子前也有一位女士在种花，故此处指海洋的另一边。ocean意为“海洋”，符合语境。country国家；block街区；garden花园。故选D。
解析：
1. 根据上文“You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种) in films or books.The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse.”以及下文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals.”可知，上文提到杂交物种出现在电影或书里，下文提到杂交出现在植物和动物中，可以看出设空处起着承上启下的作用，D项(你知道自然世界里也有杂交物种吗？)衔接上下文，符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据上文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals.”以及下文“What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization.”可知，本段主要谈论植物的杂交，设空处表示承接与递进关系，G项(生物，尤其是植物，会在野外自然杂交。)中 especially plants 与上下文有对应关系，符合语境。故选G。
3．根据上文“Cross-breeding(杂交) sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps.(部分重叠)”以及下文“As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears.”可知，C项(这是由于栖息地破坏或气候变化。)中 That 指代上文territory overlaps, 下文举例说明提及重叠的原因，符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据下文“Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals.”可知，F项(许多自然环境保护主义者认为创造杂交物种是一件坏事)中a bad thing与下文health issues有对应关系，可推断此处是对杂交的反对意见，符合语境。故选F。
5．根据下文“‘It's part of the evolutionary process, ’ he says.Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things.”可知，此处应点明he指代的具体人物且应是积极的态度和看法，E项(吉米认为自然界中的物种杂交是一件好事)中 a good thing与下文的“the creation of a new species”以及increase the variety形成对应关系，符合语境。故选E。
【写作提示】
故事人物 作者、叔叔吉塔、植树人卡比尔
主要事件 作者去拜访叔叔，之后与叔叔一起参观森林时，遇到种植了一大片森林的卡比尔，并被森林的景观所震惊。
情节分析 根据两段提示语可知，第一段可描写作者拍下森林中令人惊叹的场景并展示给村里人看，说服大家一起植树；第二段则描写经过几年的植树努力，村庄的环境大大改善。
参考范文：
Hearing this, I turned to my uncle, “ I think we can plant trees too.” Taking hold of the camera in my hand, I added with excitement, “I've got a plan! I'll show them the photos of Kabir's magical forest！” Seeing Uncle Jita and Kabir's encouraging smile, I immediately started my work, busily pressing my shutter and capturing the amazing scenes in the forest.When Uncle Jita and I went back to the village several days later and displayed these wonderful pictures to the neighbors, they were stunned by the beauty of the forest.“It was the trees that turned the place into a paradise！” We then explained our tree-planting plan to the villagers, which was quickly accepted by all of them.
In the years that followed, people in our village worked hard to carry out our plan.Instead of cutting down our forest, we started to plant trees, which have eventually helped protect the soil and stopped the land from eroding.Thanks to the trees, the water has been purified and we finally have clean and stable water supply.With our joint efforts, our village is now surrounded by small thriving forests with blooming flowers, lovely animals and crystal-clear streams running through. itnessing the gradual change of our village, we came to realize that only when we live in harmony with nature can we have a brighter future.