2024年高中高考英语复习：阅读理解之主旨大意题课件（新教材新高考）(共52张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024年高中高考英语复习：阅读理解之主旨大意题课件（新教材新高考）(共52张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-21 16:02:55 | ||
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(共52张PPT)
阅读理解之主旨大意
2024
授课：×××
01
考情分析
02
知识构建
03
真题研析
04
核心提炼
目录
CONTENTS
05
题型特训
阅读理解之主旨大意题
PART ONE
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02
考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（1）文章标题
考点题型 文章标题 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
[2023年1月·浙江卷]D 35．Which of the following is the best title for the text 文章标题
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]B 27.What can be a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2022 2022年全国甲卷 阅读C27. Which can be a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2022年全国乙卷 阅读C31. Which is the most suitable title for the text 文章标题
2021 2021年新高考I卷 C篇31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2021年全国甲卷 D篇15. What is the best title for the text 文章标题
2021年全国乙卷 C篇31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text 文章标题
2021年新高考II卷 C篇11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text 文章标题
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02
考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（2）文章大意
考点题型 文章大意 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
【2023年1月·浙江卷】 27．What is the text mainly about 文章大意
2022 2022年全国甲卷 阅读C31. What is the text mainly about 文章大意
2021年6月浙江卷 C篇10. What is the last paragraph mainly about 文章大意
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02
考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（3）段落大意
考点题型 段落大意 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
2023浙江1月高考 C篇31．What can we learn from the last paragraph 段落大意
2023·新高考I卷 D篇32.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainlyabout 段落大意
2022 2022·新高考I卷 阅读D14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about 段落大意
2022·全国甲卷 D 阅读D32. What is the first paragraph mainly about 段落大意
2021 2021年全国乙卷 B篇24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones 段落大意
2021年6月浙江卷 C篇10. What is the last paragraph mainly about 段落大意
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02
考情分析
考点要求 考题统计 考情分析
文章标题 3年8考 【命题规律】
根据新高考三年的考情分析，主旨大意题主要集中考查：文章标题、文章大意；段落大意。
【命题预测】
2024年高考还会考查主旨大意题，一般在试卷中考查1--2个小题。
文章大意 3年3考 段落大意 3年6考
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02
知识构建
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02
真题研析·规律探寻
考向1 考查文章标题
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden programme at four low-income schools. The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
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Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the programme’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
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真题研析·规律探寻
( )27.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Rescuing school gardens
B.Experiencing country life
C.Growing vegetable lovers
D.Changing local landscape
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。 通读全文并根据第一段中“The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.”和第四段中“Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.”可知,该项目旨在帮助学生发展科学技能、培养环境意识和养成健康的生活方式。计划评估显示,学生们由于这些课程吃了更多的蔬菜。C项“Growing vegetable lovers”一语双关,其中growing既能表明蔬菜爱好者正在增加,也可指爱好种植蔬菜的人。
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2.(2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解D篇)
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
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真题研析·规律探寻
Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
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Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development
【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D。
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真题研析·规律探寻
考向2 考查文章大意
1.（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解B 篇）
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
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Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
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02
真题研析·规律探寻
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
27．What is the text mainly about
A．How to get on well with other family members.
B．How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D．How to control the budget when buying groceries.
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真题研析·规律探寻
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
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02
真题研析·规律探寻
2.（2020·全国新课标II·阅读理解B 篇）
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
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“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
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27．What is the text mainly about
A．A mathematical method. B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist D．A teaching program.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B. A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
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考向3 考查段落大意
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇节选）
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
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真题研析·规律探寻
( )32.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
【答案】B
【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same…the accuracy of the estimate will go down.”可知,本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的,各不相同的误差平均在一起,相互抵消,就会产生更准确的估计,独立估计的平均因误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
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真题研析·规律探寻
2.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选）
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
31．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
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【答案】A
【解析】段落大意题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
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核心提炼·考向探究
阅读理解之主旨大意考点的必备知识：
一、命题规律：
1．命题规律：主旨大意题旨在考查考生归纳概括以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力，是阅读理解中的高难度题，一定要把它作为最后一道题来做。概括全文大意最简单的方法就是把每段的大意串起来考虑。
2．考查类型：主要考查文章标题、段落大意题、文章大意题。
3．考查趋势：主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中的必考点，每年必考，一般考查1——2题。
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核心提炼·考向探究
二、 常用的解题方法
1. 如何判断文章标题
（1）思维导图
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核心提炼·考向探究
（2）文章标题类设问方式
·The best title of the passage is ________.
·Which of the following is the best title of the passage
·What would be the best title for the passage
·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______.
（3）文章标题的特点
1.概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；
2.针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；
3.新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；
4.精准性：不改变原文的意思和感彩
5.简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
（4）错误选项的特点
断章取义(仅为文中一细节)；以偏概全；离题太远。
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（5）解题技巧：
关键词法 反复出现的词语，多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法 根据文章主题句，确定中心词充当标题
串联法 分析文章细节，确定共同点，如同穿珠般，串联细节共同点，确定标题
逆向法 根据四个选项，考虑其可能内容，对照原文，最相似者为最佳选项
（6）思维方法：要首先找出文章的主题句，然后根据文章主题句确定文章标题，如果没有主题句再寻找全文重复性强的关键词或者概括全文。① 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；② 反面否定法：撇开原文，设想各选项写出来应是什么样的文章，然后和原文比对，逐一排除不符项；③ 研读备选项：认真研读备选项里的中心词、结构、概括性、修饰词的变化，查看与中心思想是否相符。
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核心提炼·考向探究
2. 如何判断文章大意
（1）思维导图
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（2） 文章大意类设问方式
·What's the main idea/point of the passage
·The passage is mainly about ________.
·The passage is mainly concerned about ________.
·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage
·Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage
·In this passage the author discusses primarily ________.
·The subject discussed in this text is ________.
·The general/main idea of the passage is about ________.
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核心提炼·考向探究
（3）解题技巧：
方法1：主题句法
解答主旨大意题，找准文章的主题句是关键。下面介绍两种快速找出主题句的方法。
(1)根据文体和写作手法来定位主题句
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核心提炼·考向探究
(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句
转折词 如but，however，in fact，actually等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正想要表达的观点。
总结词 如therefore，thus，in short，conclude 等，其后的内容往往是文章的主题。
疑问句 若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文章的主题。
方法2：高频词法全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的高频词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。方法3：逆向思维法在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
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题型特训·命题预测
3. 如何判断段落大意
（1）思维导图
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（2）段落大意类设问方式
·What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...
·The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________.
·The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
·Which of the following can best summarize Para.1
·What is the first paragraph mainly about
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（3）解题技巧：
段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下的主旨判断，其准确性更高。
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题型特训·命题预测
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：（1）考查文章标题；（2）文章大意；（3）段落大意。一般考查1—2题。
预测考向1 考查文章标题
1.（2024·广东省高三联考·阅读理解C）Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming. But are they like what people believe The Radiant Energy Group (REG) stated effects of EVs vary with countries. In some nations, EVs lead to the release of more carbon gases than gasoline cars. The group reckoned gas emissions caused by a gasoline vehicle and from charging an EV. Countries where charging an EV is cleaner than driving a gasoline-powered car use a lot of nuclear or solar power.
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Sales of electric cars are rising the fastest in Europe. Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions because their electrical systems depend so much on coal. In other European countries, however, EVs result in fewer emissions. The countries with the biggest carbon gas reduction use much clean power. The first was Switzerland at 100 percent carbon reductions over gasoline vehicles.
Germany and Spain create lots of electricity from the sun and wind. But the sun and wind don’t add to a country’s electrical system equally throughout the day. For this reason, carbon emissions saved by driving an EV aren’t fixed. Charging in the afternoon, when there’s more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or coal.
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The gap in emissions between electric and gasoline-powered vehicles has narrowed in recent years. In Europe, carmakers have been required to meet EU CO2 emissions of performance standards. They’ve made their gasoline engines more fuel-efficient. As a result, carbon emissions of new gasoline-powered cars in Europe have fallen an average of 25 percent in the past years. But EV sales in Europe are backed by government spending and rules against new gasoline engine cars after 2035. Major automakers have set targets to sell mainly EVs in Europe in the coming years.
Which can be the best title for the text
A．What Benefits Do EVs Bring
B．Will EVs Replace Gasoline Cars in Europe
C．How Do EVs Affect Carbon Emissions
D．Do Electric Cars Really Help the Environment
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题型特训·命题预测
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming. But are they like what people believe (电动汽车被广泛地认为是一种对抗全球变暖的利器。但是他们真的像人们认为的那样吗？)”可知，作者在第一段提出了这个话题，后续段落对这个话题进行了分析、解释，由此可知，本文主要讲的是电动汽车并不一定对环境有益，故选D。
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2.（2024·辽东南协作校月考·C）Mishra, an Indian-born student at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, was picking up alcohol bottles after an evening party with friends, when he dropped a bottle. As Mishra swept up the glass, he wondered, “Where does this go after the bottle is broken ” After researching, Mishra learned that 77% of glass bottles, even those that are put in a recycling bin, end up in landfills after the glass breaks.
Mishra spent hours learning how to neatly cut and create all sorts of new items from old glass. Then, together with a few other peers, he founded a start-up called Rescued Glass YVR. The group browsed beach cleanups and restaurants to gather used glass bottles, which we returned into a variety of platters, candles, glasses, and other items in their micro factory, When they sell these items in local markets, they got positive feedback, “It turns out that people are really enjoying it,” said Mishra, “They like the product,”
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题型特训·命题预测
The student start-up built a name for itself and grew in size. By the end of 2022, it had a team of nearly two dozen students and had already succeeded in rescuing more than 6, 000 bottles. That’s when Rescued Glass YVR decided to rebrand and comeback bigger.
The business gave themselves another name-Mosa. Mishra said, “In those house parties the alcohol that we were drinking was Mosa, The name really helps us when we are thinking about larger conversations. It’s always important that you remember where you’re coming from and where the process of this entire idea ever started.” In addition to producing beautiful decor items and saving glass from landfills, Mosa has inspired other Vancouverites to get involved in making the world a better place.
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It is said that glass producing is responsible for 86 million tons of carbon emissions(排放)yearly, in addition to the garbage glass that ends up in landfills, Mosa is making good use of glass, and inspiring others to do so as well. All because of a little inspiration after a college party.
What can be the best title of this text
A．Turn Trash Into Treasure
B．Make Every Penny Count
C．Inspiration Leads to Success
D．Create Something From Nothing
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Mishra创立公司，将旧酒瓶变成生活用品的故事，算是变废为宝。所以用A项“Turn Trash Into Treasure”作为本文题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。
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When English senior Ted McDermott was diagnosed with Alzheimer in 2016, his son Simon McDermott found Ted became verbally and physically violent as the disease progressed. Grateful for the resources provided by the Alzheimer’s Society, Simon and 80-year-old Ted made videos of their daily car duets (二重唱) for a fundraising ‘‘Singing for the Brain” program in 2019. Truly remarkable,considering that some days Ted didn’t recognize Simon.
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The songs brought them to the attention of the public. In just a few months their efforts had considerable success on YouTube, raising over 100,000, and resulting in a contract with Decca Records for 80-year-old Ted. Although Ted has begun to decline a little in the last years, he always remembers the words to his favorite songs and is happy to go with Simon daily in the car to sing. Different music-related programs and projects are offered by the U.K. Alzheimer’s Society organizations. These programs are designed for people with Alzheimer to provide mental stimulation in a supportive social environment.
Social engagement and keeping your brain active, along with a healthy diet and exercising, may seem like obvious good habits to follow for your health in general. They’ve also been proven to be factors in reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer.
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题型特训·命题预测
It’s never too late to start taking care of your body and your brain — so make music appreciation or singing part of the routine of your loved one struggling with Alzheimer. As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love,play on.”
What is the text mainly about
A．80-year-old Ted defeats Alzheimer’s disease.
B．The power of music for Alzheimer’s patients.
C．Poets inspire Alzheimer’s patients with music.
D．A good habit to follow for your physical health.
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【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Poet Wadsworth Longfellow said “music is the universal language of mankind”, and there’s growing evidence that he was right. （诗人Wadsworth Longfellow说“音乐是人类的普遍语言”，越来越多的证据表明他是对的。）”和最后一段的“As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love, play on.”（正如威廉·莎士比亚所说：“如果音乐是爱的食物，那就继续演奏吧。”）”可知，文章引用诗人朗费罗和莎士比亚所说的话表明文章从头到尾都在谈音乐对老年痴呆患者有益。故选B。
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预测考向3 考查段落大意
1.（2024·浙江省嘉兴市高三一模教学测试·阅读理解C节选）
In the past, most libraries didn’t focus much on programs for kids whose age made it impossible for them to be quiet on demand. But growing knowledge about the importance of kids and teens learning through hands-on experiences has since caused a sea change in how libraries connect with young readers. Now libraries begin offering interactive programs for kids, including crafts, board games, and story times. These types of programs certainly aren’t designed to be silent.
What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The past and the present of libraries.
B．The reason for the change of libraries.
C．The activities for young children in libraries.
D．The connection between libraries and readers.
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【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第三段“In the past, most libraries didn’t focus much on programs for kids whose age made it impossible for them to be quiet on demand. But growing knowledge about the importance of kids and teens learning through hands-on experiences has since caused a sea change in how libraries connect with young readers. Now libraries begin offering interactive programs for kids, including crafts, board games, and story times. These types of programs certainly aren’t designed to be silent. (在过去，大多数图书馆都不太关注为孩子们提供的项目，因为孩子们的年龄使他们无法按需保持安静。但是，人们越来越了解儿童和青少年通过亲身体验学习的重要性，这导致图书馆与年轻读者的联系发生了翻天覆地的变化。现在，图书馆开始为孩子们提供互动节目，包括手工艺品、棋盘游戏和故事时间。这些类型的程序当然不是为了静音而设计的。)”可知，本段主要讲图书馆改变的原因。故选B项。
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2.（2024·山东省高三上学期适应性联考（一）·阅读理解B节选）
Damon Carson calls himself a matchmaker (媒人) of the never-ending waste of American society, trying not to pair people with people, but things with people.
In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.
4．What is paragraph two mainly about
A．Carson’s school lessons.
B．Carson’s journey to Colorado.
C．The start of Carson’s business.
D．The serious waste of materials.
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【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.(上世纪90年代末，Colorado在科罗拉多州韦尔的商学院休学期间，发现了这个巨大的废物世界。他开始考虑开一家二手店，出售旧材料，防止它们被浪费。结果，在2010年，他的公司Repurposed Materials出现了)”可知，本段主要讲述Carson的生意是如何创办的，故选C。
感谢观看
THANK YOU
阅读理解之主旨大意
2024
授课：×××
01
考情分析
02
知识构建
03
真题研析
04
核心提炼
目录
CONTENTS
05
题型特训
阅读理解之主旨大意题
PART ONE
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考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（1）文章标题
考点题型 文章标题 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
[2023年1月·浙江卷]D 35．Which of the following is the best title for the text 文章标题
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]B 27.What can be a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2022 2022年全国甲卷 阅读C27. Which can be a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2022年全国乙卷 阅读C31. Which is the most suitable title for the text 文章标题
2021 2021年新高考I卷 C篇31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text 文章标题
2021年全国甲卷 D篇15. What is the best title for the text 文章标题
2021年全国乙卷 C篇31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text 文章标题
2021年新高考II卷 C篇11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text 文章标题
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考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（2）文章大意
考点题型 文章大意 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
【2023年1月·浙江卷】 27．What is the text mainly about 文章大意
2022 2022年全国甲卷 阅读C31. What is the text mainly about 文章大意
2021年6月浙江卷 C篇10. What is the last paragraph mainly about 文章大意
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考情分析
分析2021-2023年新高考有关主旨大意题的考向分布。
（3）段落大意
考点题型 段落大意 阅读理解 2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
2023浙江1月高考 C篇31．What can we learn from the last paragraph 段落大意
2023·新高考I卷 D篇32.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainlyabout 段落大意
2022 2022·新高考I卷 阅读D14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about 段落大意
2022·全国甲卷 D 阅读D32. What is the first paragraph mainly about 段落大意
2021 2021年全国乙卷 B篇24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones 段落大意
2021年6月浙江卷 C篇10. What is the last paragraph mainly about 段落大意
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考情分析
考点要求 考题统计 考情分析
文章标题 3年8考 【命题规律】
根据新高考三年的考情分析，主旨大意题主要集中考查：文章标题、文章大意；段落大意。
【命题预测】
2024年高考还会考查主旨大意题，一般在试卷中考查1--2个小题。
文章大意 3年3考 段落大意 3年6考
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知识构建
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真题研析·规律探寻
考向1 考查文章标题
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden programme at four low-income schools. The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
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Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the programme’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
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真题研析·规律探寻
( )27.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Rescuing school gardens
B.Experiencing country life
C.Growing vegetable lovers
D.Changing local landscape
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。 通读全文并根据第一段中“The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.”和第四段中“Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.”可知,该项目旨在帮助学生发展科学技能、培养环境意识和养成健康的生活方式。计划评估显示,学生们由于这些课程吃了更多的蔬菜。C项“Growing vegetable lovers”一语双关,其中growing既能表明蔬菜爱好者正在增加,也可指爱好种植蔬菜的人。
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2.(2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解D篇)
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
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真题研析·规律探寻
Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
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Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development
【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D。
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真题研析·规律探寻
考向2 考查文章大意
1.（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解B 篇）
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
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Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
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真题研析·规律探寻
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
27．What is the text mainly about
A．How to get on well with other family members.
B．How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D．How to control the budget when buying groceries.
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真题研析·规律探寻
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
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真题研析·规律探寻
2.（2020·全国新课标II·阅读理解B 篇）
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
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“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
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27．What is the text mainly about
A．A mathematical method. B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist D．A teaching program.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B. A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
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考向3 考查段落大意
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇节选）
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
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真题研析·规律探寻
( )32.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
【答案】B
【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same…the accuracy of the estimate will go down.”可知,本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的,各不相同的误差平均在一起,相互抵消,就会产生更准确的估计,独立估计的平均因误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
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真题研析·规律探寻
2.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选）
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
31．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
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【答案】A
【解析】段落大意题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
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核心提炼·考向探究
阅读理解之主旨大意考点的必备知识：
一、命题规律：
1．命题规律：主旨大意题旨在考查考生归纳概括以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力，是阅读理解中的高难度题，一定要把它作为最后一道题来做。概括全文大意最简单的方法就是把每段的大意串起来考虑。
2．考查类型：主要考查文章标题、段落大意题、文章大意题。
3．考查趋势：主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中的必考点，每年必考，一般考查1——2题。
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核心提炼·考向探究
二、 常用的解题方法
1. 如何判断文章标题
（1）思维导图
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核心提炼·考向探究
（2）文章标题类设问方式
·The best title of the passage is ________.
·Which of the following is the best title of the passage
·What would be the best title for the passage
·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______.
（3）文章标题的特点
1.概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；
2.针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；
3.新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；
4.精准性：不改变原文的意思和感彩
5.简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
（4）错误选项的特点
断章取义(仅为文中一细节)；以偏概全；离题太远。
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（5）解题技巧：
关键词法 反复出现的词语，多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法 根据文章主题句，确定中心词充当标题
串联法 分析文章细节，确定共同点，如同穿珠般，串联细节共同点，确定标题
逆向法 根据四个选项，考虑其可能内容，对照原文，最相似者为最佳选项
（6）思维方法：要首先找出文章的主题句，然后根据文章主题句确定文章标题，如果没有主题句再寻找全文重复性强的关键词或者概括全文。① 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；② 反面否定法：撇开原文，设想各选项写出来应是什么样的文章，然后和原文比对，逐一排除不符项；③ 研读备选项：认真研读备选项里的中心词、结构、概括性、修饰词的变化，查看与中心思想是否相符。
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核心提炼·考向探究
2. 如何判断文章大意
（1）思维导图
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（2） 文章大意类设问方式
·What's the main idea/point of the passage
·The passage is mainly about ________.
·The passage is mainly concerned about ________.
·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage
·Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage
·In this passage the author discusses primarily ________.
·The subject discussed in this text is ________.
·The general/main idea of the passage is about ________.
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核心提炼·考向探究
（3）解题技巧：
方法1：主题句法
解答主旨大意题，找准文章的主题句是关键。下面介绍两种快速找出主题句的方法。
(1)根据文体和写作手法来定位主题句
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核心提炼·考向探究
(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句
转折词 如but，however，in fact，actually等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正想要表达的观点。
总结词 如therefore，thus，in short，conclude 等，其后的内容往往是文章的主题。
疑问句 若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文章的主题。
方法2：高频词法全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的高频词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。方法3：逆向思维法在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
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题型特训·命题预测
3. 如何判断段落大意
（1）思维导图
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（2）段落大意类设问方式
·What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...
·The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________.
·The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
·Which of the following can best summarize Para.1
·What is the first paragraph mainly about
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（3）解题技巧：
段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下的主旨判断，其准确性更高。
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题型特训·命题预测
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：（1）考查文章标题；（2）文章大意；（3）段落大意。一般考查1—2题。
预测考向1 考查文章标题
1.（2024·广东省高三联考·阅读理解C）Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming. But are they like what people believe The Radiant Energy Group (REG) stated effects of EVs vary with countries. In some nations, EVs lead to the release of more carbon gases than gasoline cars. The group reckoned gas emissions caused by a gasoline vehicle and from charging an EV. Countries where charging an EV is cleaner than driving a gasoline-powered car use a lot of nuclear or solar power.
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Sales of electric cars are rising the fastest in Europe. Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions because their electrical systems depend so much on coal. In other European countries, however, EVs result in fewer emissions. The countries with the biggest carbon gas reduction use much clean power. The first was Switzerland at 100 percent carbon reductions over gasoline vehicles.
Germany and Spain create lots of electricity from the sun and wind. But the sun and wind don’t add to a country’s electrical system equally throughout the day. For this reason, carbon emissions saved by driving an EV aren’t fixed. Charging in the afternoon, when there’s more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or coal.
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The gap in emissions between electric and gasoline-powered vehicles has narrowed in recent years. In Europe, carmakers have been required to meet EU CO2 emissions of performance standards. They’ve made their gasoline engines more fuel-efficient. As a result, carbon emissions of new gasoline-powered cars in Europe have fallen an average of 25 percent in the past years. But EV sales in Europe are backed by government spending and rules against new gasoline engine cars after 2035. Major automakers have set targets to sell mainly EVs in Europe in the coming years.
Which can be the best title for the text
A．What Benefits Do EVs Bring
B．Will EVs Replace Gasoline Cars in Europe
C．How Do EVs Affect Carbon Emissions
D．Do Electric Cars Really Help the Environment
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题型特训·命题预测
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming. But are they like what people believe (电动汽车被广泛地认为是一种对抗全球变暖的利器。但是他们真的像人们认为的那样吗？)”可知，作者在第一段提出了这个话题，后续段落对这个话题进行了分析、解释，由此可知，本文主要讲的是电动汽车并不一定对环境有益，故选D。
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2.（2024·辽东南协作校月考·C）Mishra, an Indian-born student at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, was picking up alcohol bottles after an evening party with friends, when he dropped a bottle. As Mishra swept up the glass, he wondered, “Where does this go after the bottle is broken ” After researching, Mishra learned that 77% of glass bottles, even those that are put in a recycling bin, end up in landfills after the glass breaks.
Mishra spent hours learning how to neatly cut and create all sorts of new items from old glass. Then, together with a few other peers, he founded a start-up called Rescued Glass YVR. The group browsed beach cleanups and restaurants to gather used glass bottles, which we returned into a variety of platters, candles, glasses, and other items in their micro factory, When they sell these items in local markets, they got positive feedback, “It turns out that people are really enjoying it,” said Mishra, “They like the product,”
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题型特训·命题预测
The student start-up built a name for itself and grew in size. By the end of 2022, it had a team of nearly two dozen students and had already succeeded in rescuing more than 6, 000 bottles. That’s when Rescued Glass YVR decided to rebrand and comeback bigger.
The business gave themselves another name-Mosa. Mishra said, “In those house parties the alcohol that we were drinking was Mosa, The name really helps us when we are thinking about larger conversations. It’s always important that you remember where you’re coming from and where the process of this entire idea ever started.” In addition to producing beautiful decor items and saving glass from landfills, Mosa has inspired other Vancouverites to get involved in making the world a better place.
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It is said that glass producing is responsible for 86 million tons of carbon emissions(排放)yearly, in addition to the garbage glass that ends up in landfills, Mosa is making good use of glass, and inspiring others to do so as well. All because of a little inspiration after a college party.
What can be the best title of this text
A．Turn Trash Into Treasure
B．Make Every Penny Count
C．Inspiration Leads to Success
D．Create Something From Nothing
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Mishra创立公司，将旧酒瓶变成生活用品的故事，算是变废为宝。所以用A项“Turn Trash Into Treasure”作为本文题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。
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When English senior Ted McDermott was diagnosed with Alzheimer in 2016, his son Simon McDermott found Ted became verbally and physically violent as the disease progressed. Grateful for the resources provided by the Alzheimer’s Society, Simon and 80-year-old Ted made videos of their daily car duets (二重唱) for a fundraising ‘‘Singing for the Brain” program in 2019. Truly remarkable,considering that some days Ted didn’t recognize Simon.
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The songs brought them to the attention of the public. In just a few months their efforts had considerable success on YouTube, raising over 100,000, and resulting in a contract with Decca Records for 80-year-old Ted. Although Ted has begun to decline a little in the last years, he always remembers the words to his favorite songs and is happy to go with Simon daily in the car to sing. Different music-related programs and projects are offered by the U.K. Alzheimer’s Society organizations. These programs are designed for people with Alzheimer to provide mental stimulation in a supportive social environment.
Social engagement and keeping your brain active, along with a healthy diet and exercising, may seem like obvious good habits to follow for your health in general. They’ve also been proven to be factors in reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer.
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题型特训·命题预测
It’s never too late to start taking care of your body and your brain — so make music appreciation or singing part of the routine of your loved one struggling with Alzheimer. As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love,play on.”
What is the text mainly about
A．80-year-old Ted defeats Alzheimer’s disease.
B．The power of music for Alzheimer’s patients.
C．Poets inspire Alzheimer’s patients with music.
D．A good habit to follow for your physical health.
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【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Poet Wadsworth Longfellow said “music is the universal language of mankind”, and there’s growing evidence that he was right. （诗人Wadsworth Longfellow说“音乐是人类的普遍语言”，越来越多的证据表明他是对的。）”和最后一段的“As William Shakespeare said, “If music be the food of love, play on.”（正如威廉·莎士比亚所说：“如果音乐是爱的食物，那就继续演奏吧。”）”可知，文章引用诗人朗费罗和莎士比亚所说的话表明文章从头到尾都在谈音乐对老年痴呆患者有益。故选B。
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预测考向3 考查段落大意
1.（2024·浙江省嘉兴市高三一模教学测试·阅读理解C节选）
In the past, most libraries didn’t focus much on programs for kids whose age made it impossible for them to be quiet on demand. But growing knowledge about the importance of kids and teens learning through hands-on experiences has since caused a sea change in how libraries connect with young readers. Now libraries begin offering interactive programs for kids, including crafts, board games, and story times. These types of programs certainly aren’t designed to be silent.
What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The past and the present of libraries.
B．The reason for the change of libraries.
C．The activities for young children in libraries.
D．The connection between libraries and readers.
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【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第三段“In the past, most libraries didn’t focus much on programs for kids whose age made it impossible for them to be quiet on demand. But growing knowledge about the importance of kids and teens learning through hands-on experiences has since caused a sea change in how libraries connect with young readers. Now libraries begin offering interactive programs for kids, including crafts, board games, and story times. These types of programs certainly aren’t designed to be silent. (在过去，大多数图书馆都不太关注为孩子们提供的项目，因为孩子们的年龄使他们无法按需保持安静。但是，人们越来越了解儿童和青少年通过亲身体验学习的重要性，这导致图书馆与年轻读者的联系发生了翻天覆地的变化。现在，图书馆开始为孩子们提供互动节目，包括手工艺品、棋盘游戏和故事时间。这些类型的程序当然不是为了静音而设计的。)”可知，本段主要讲图书馆改变的原因。故选B项。
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2.（2024·山东省高三上学期适应性联考（一）·阅读理解B节选）
Damon Carson calls himself a matchmaker (媒人) of the never-ending waste of American society, trying not to pair people with people, but things with people.
In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.
4．What is paragraph two mainly about
A．Carson’s school lessons.
B．Carson’s journey to Colorado.
C．The start of Carson’s business.
D．The serious waste of materials.
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02
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.(上世纪90年代末，Colorado在科罗拉多州韦尔的商学院休学期间，发现了这个巨大的废物世界。他开始考虑开一家二手店，出售旧材料，防止它们被浪费。结果，在2010年，他的公司Repurposed Materials出现了)”可知，本段主要讲述Carson的生意是如何创办的，故选C。
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