Unit 1 When was it invented？
【词汇精练】
I.根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。
1. This kind of camera is p_______ in an American factory.
2. A few pears r________ on the trees.
3. Can you name the four famous i________ in ancient China？
4. The song is very p________ on the Internet.
5. Lu Xun was one of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the greatest writers in the 20th c_________ of China.
6. His laziness makes it impossible for him to a______ success.
7. Here’s some b______ water, and have a drink whenever you’re thirsty.
8. Every time when we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) m______ this teacher, their students are very proud.
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Julie Thom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pson is the ___________ (invent) of battery-operated slippers.
2. There are some green ___________ (leaf) on the tree.
3. His paintings is very _________(create).
4. This trip was very ___________ (please). Everyone had a good time.
5. I think the soup tastes quite _________ (salt).
6. Do you know the tea was _______ (invent) by a Chinese man？
7. Have you _______ (notice) that big sign on the wall What’s the meaning of it
8. This new kind of train was _______ (produce) by our own country.
9.Zheng Chenggong is a great ______(nation) hero in Chinese history.
10. When we got t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the park, we found the rubbish was _______ (throw) everywhere.
III. 选用pleasant, pleased, pleasure填空。
1. It was a ____________ surprise.
2. I went to Rome for __________, not on business.
3. I’ll be _________ to lend you the book.
4. That movie isn’t __________ to see.
5. It gives me great __________ to grow flowers.
6. He showed her around the city with _________.
7. She was __________ with her new room.
8. —Would you hold this for a moment
—With ___________.
IV. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。
learn, help, much, happy, teach, attitude, how
Have you ever had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) problems in your life that got in the way of your happiness If so, you will find Being a Happy Teenager by Australian writer Andrew Matthews (1) _______. In his book, Matthews tells us（2）_______ to have a happy life, and answers some common questions teenagers have.
The book says we shoul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d stop being angry. The book also (3)_______ us some useful skills such as how to put what you have learnt into mental (心理的) pictures to make your memory better.
Success comes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from a good（4）_______. Some schoolboys have problems such as being too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us（5）________ comes from thinking about things in a positive way. If you are tall, people notice you, and you can get a good view at the movie; if you are short, your clothes and shoes won’t take too much room in your bedroom! This is Matthews’ most important lesson: You can（6）_______ to be happy!
【参考答案】
I. 根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。
1. produced 2. remain 3. inventions 4. popular
5. century 6. achieve 7. boiled 8.mention
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. inventor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. leaves 3. creative 4. pleasant 5. salty
6.invented 7.no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ticed 8.produced 9. national 10.thrown
III. 选用pleasant, pleased, pleasure填空。
1. pleasant 2. pleasure 3. pleased 4. pleasant 5. pleasure
6. pleasure 7. pleased 8. pleasure
IV. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。
1. helpful 2. how 3. teaches 4. attitude 5. happiness 6. learn
【句式精练】
I.被动语态句式变换。
1. My mother made this skirt last month.（改为被动语态）
This shirt _________ _________ by my mother last month.
2. Li Lei asked me to go to his birthday party.（改为被动语态）
I ________ _________ to go to Li Lei’s birthday party.
3. What do people use the pen to do （改为被动语态）
What ______ the pen ______ to do by people
4. Many books have b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een sent to the Hope School in that village.（改为主动语态）
We _______ ________ many books to the Hope School in that village.
5. The workers wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e made to finish the work at once by the manager. （改为主动语态）
The manager ______ the workers ______ the work at once.
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1.这是由谁发明的？
Who ______ ______ ______ by
2.你的手机是国产的吗？
______ your mobile phone _______ ______ China
3.这个孤儿将由一位女士照顾。
This orphan ______ ______ ______ ______ _______by a lady.
4.我们被分成了两个小组。
We ______ _______ _______ two groups.
5.直到他明天回来我才能告诉他。
I won’t tell him _______ he _______ back tomorrow.
6.英语被作为一种重要的工作语言使用。
English is ________ ________ an important working language.
7.冰不够厚，不能滑冰。
The ice wasn’t _________ ________ for you to skate on.
8.他不仅学习努力,而且认真工作。
He not _______ studies hard _______ also works well.
9. 据说她很有成功的把握。
_______ _______ _______she is quite sure of success.
III. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. This sign means cars and buses mustn’t turn right here.（对划线部分提问）
_________ ________ this sign mean
2. The telephone was invented before the car.（改为同义句）
The car was invented ________ ________ ________.
3. This boy is not old enough to go to school.（改为同义句）
This boy is ___________ __________ to go to school.
4. I prefer oranges to apples.（改为同义句）
I _________ ________ oranges __________ _________ apples.
5. Taking exercise often can make you healthy. ( 改为同义句)
It’s _______ _______ your health _______take exercise often.
6. The man made his baby laugh. （改为同义句）
The baby was ________ _______ _______.
IV.仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空，使对话意思连贯正确。
A. What can I clean ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) with such a duster B. What are they made of C. What shall I do D. Can I help you E. How can I remove dirty particles from it F. Are they new materials G. Then what’s the difference between this duster and the traditional ones
A: Good morning. 1
B: Yes. I’d like to buy a duster (掸子).
A: Look at this one. It’s the newest.
B: Oh, it looks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) nice and it’s so light. The feathers (羽毛) feel soft, too. 2
A: The feathers are made of space-age fibers (非常现代化的纤维).
B: Spare-age fibers 3
A: The traditional ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ones just move dust particles (尘埃) around while this duster attracts (吸引) dust particles and holds on to them.
B: Really 4
A: You can safely cle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an chairs, tables, beds, cupboards, TVs, chandeliers (吊灯), etc.
B: 5
A: Put it into ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) water each time after you have finished cleaning and it will become clean.
B: They are really magic. I’ll take one.
【参考答案】
I.被动语态句式变换。
1. was made 2. wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s asked 3. is; used 4. have sent 5. made; finish
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1. was it invented 2.Is; made in 3.will be taken care of
4. were divided into 5.until; comes 6. used as
7. thick enough 8. only，but 9. It is said
III. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. What does 2. after the telephone 3. too young
4. would like，rather than 5.good for, to 6. made to laugh
IV.仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空，使对话意思连贯正确。
1－5 DBGAEUnit 1 When was it invented？
综合能力演练
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. It ______ that they will have the final exam next week.
A. believe B. believes C. is believed D. believed
2. The boy is used to ______ in the foreign country.
A. to work B. work C. study D. studying
3. The blackboard ______ just now. Do you know who did it
A. cleaned B. was cleaning C. has cleaned D. was cleaned
4. Your brother was noticed ______ other’s homework just now.
A. copy B. to copy C. copying D. copies
5. That house is not ______ , so we have _______ to buy it.
A. enough big; enough money B. big enough；enough money
C. enough big; money enough D. much big; many money
6. The wedding of Pri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce William was held in Westminster Cathedral ______ April 29, 2011.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
7. The stamps are used for _____ letters.
A. to send B. sends C. sending D. sent
8. That big machine _____ by the young people in the factory.
A. operate B. operation C. is operating D. is operated
9. The light bulb was _____ by the great ____ Edison.
A. invention; inventor B. invented; inventor
C. inventor; invented D. invention; invention
10. I am sorry I took your pens and books _____ yesterday.
A. by mistake B. by chance C. by heart D. by choice
11. Can you tell me _____ the train was invented
A. what B. who C. when D. which
12. Rice is grown in South China _____ farmers.
A. by B. in C. with D. for
13. A year can __________ twelve months.
A. divide into B. be divided into C. divide from D. be divided from
14. —Would you help me clean up the classroom，Bill？
—________.
A. Yes, quite right
B. Never mind
C. That’s all right
D. Sure, with pleasure
15. The cookies ______ good. Could I have more
A. taste B. smells C. feel D. sound
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
Today some people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) call Amsterdam the “City of Bicycles” because it is a city which is flat and convenient for bicycles.
In the 1960s, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )group of cycling fans 1 an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre. They were 2 that this would help so save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles 3 and placed them in public places around Amsterdam for people to use. 4 was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys, whether he was a local or a foreigner. Wherever someone finished a journey, they would 5 the bike there for someone else to use. The problem was that it didn’t work— 6 took all the bicycles within weeks!
7 more than ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thirty years later, the “white bike” is back in town—this time with a computer chip(芯片) to 8 its every move! To take a bicycle, you have to put a special card inside. The new “White bike” is not white any more but is an unusual 9 with bright colours. The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another place that has enough room.
There is already ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )less traffic in central Amsterdam, 10 both locals and tourists have been using the white bikes. Thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars for many years.
1. A. stole B. had C. refused D. dropped
2. A. thoughtful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. helpful C. hopeful D. thankful
3. A. black B. brown C. blue D. white
4. A. Anyone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Everyone C. No one D. Someone
5. A. take B. leave C. carry D. send
6. A. robbers B. shoplifters C. kidnappers D. thieves
7. A. Howeve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r B. Instead C. Therefore D. Though
8. A. make B. mark C. record D. describe
9. A. design B. idea C. size D. experiment
10. A. so B. because C. but D. while
III. 阅读理解。
A
In 1826, a Fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enchman named Nieple needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next import ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant date in the history of photography was in 1837.That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. The kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype. Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all over the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photogr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aphy was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were lifelike. Photography also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed the author’s ideas and feelings, like other kinds of art.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1. The first photo taken by Nieple was a picture of .
A. his busin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess B. his house C. his garden D. his window
2. The daguerreotype was .
A. a Frenchm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photographer
3. If a photograph ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to .
A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera
C. stop in most cit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies D. take many films and something else with him
4. Mathew Brady .
A. was very lifelike ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was famous for his unusual pictures
C. was quite strong ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D. took many pictures of moving people
5. This passage tells us .
A. how photography was developed
B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C. how to take pictures in the world
D. how to use different cameras
B
Zhalong is a nature re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )serve in Heilongjiang in north-east China. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands. The reserve covers an area of 210,000 hectares. The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. It is an ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds.
Many birds live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) comfortably in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round, while some only stay there for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them for food. Zhalong has long been called “the home of the crane”. There are 15 crane species (物种) in the world. 8 of them are in China and there are 6 species in Zhalong area. It is an important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world. Every spring and summer, red-crowned cranes lay and hatch (孵化) their eggs in Zhalong.
Some people want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife. More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space. Many of them died. The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered birds, and they can be safe in Zhalong.
Every year, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds. This year, members of our Bird-watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes in their numbers. The study begins next month.
We _______ once a year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). We are now inviting secondary school students to help. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds.
Many people do not un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derstand the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife.
6. What does the underlined word “ideal” mean
A. Perfect. B. Dangerous. C. Crowded. D. Expensive.
7. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. All birds stay in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round.
B. There are eight species of red-crowned cranes in Zhalong.
C. The number of the world’s red-crowned cranes is small.
D. Every winter red-crowned cranes hatch eggs in Zhalong.
8. Which of the follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing can we choose for the blank (空白) in the fifth paragraph
A. go bird-w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atching B. do a bird count C. go bird-hunting D. hold a bird show
9. The purpose of the article is to _______.
A. attract more visitors to pay a visit to Zhalong Nature Reserve
B. ask people to take action to protect wetlands and wildlife
C. prevent people from watching birds in Zhalong Nature Reserve
D. make people around the world know the Birdwatchting Club
IV. 书面表达。
随着时代的进步，高科技的发展，人们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的生活发生了日新月异的变化。未来生活将会是什么样子？谁都无法预料。请发挥你的想象，谈谈在未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行……请以“The life we can’t imagine（想象）” 为题写一篇短文。
要点：1.文章条理清楚；
2.词数：80～100。
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【答案与解析】
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. C。句意为“相信他们下周将有期末考试”。It is believed that…属于固定句式，表示“（人们）相信……”。
2. D。考查短语be used to的后面用动名词形式，表示“习惯于做某事”。
3.D。从句的时间状语ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st now “刚才”可以判断是过去时，本句的主语blackboard不能执行后面的动作clean，要用被动语态来表示主语是动作的承受者。
4.B。考查动词短语notice s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omebody do something的被动语态的用法，这个短语是用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在被动语态的句子中把省略的to再还原过来。
5.B。考查enough的用法。enough作副词修饰形容词的时候，放在形容词的后面；enough作形容词修饰名词的时候，放在名词的前面。
6. C。考查介词的用法。在具体某一天前用介词on。故选C。
7.Ｃ。考查动词短语be used for的用法，这个短语的后面用动名词作介词的宾语。
8.Ｄ。考查一般现在时的被动语态，主语是the machine，是动词operate的承受者，所以用被动语态。
9.Ｂ。考查invent的名词和动词的用法，第一个空用动词的过去分词构成被动语态；第二个空是用名词inventor表示“发明家”的意思。
10.Ａ。考查介词短语的用法，从句子的意思可知by mistake，表示“错误地做某事”。
11. C。考查特殊疑问词的用法，从句子后面的情景可以理解是用when表示“什么时候”的意思。
12.A。本句是被动语态，主语是动作的承受着，动作的执行者是由by后接them构成。
13. B。考查情态动词的被动语态，构成 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是can be +动词过去分词。句意为“一年能被分成十二个月” ，be divided into意为“被分成”。
14. D。根据答语表示“乐意效劳”，所以选D，意为“当然，高兴帮忙”。
15. A。考查连系动词的用法。taste意为“品尝起来”，后接形容词good作表语。cookies是复数，所以谓语动词不用三单形式。
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
1.B。根据本段所述可知，这一群骑车爱好者，有了一个主意，即希望在市中心让人们骑车，故用动词have的过去式。
2.C。因为这个方案的实施能节约能源，减少污染，提供免费的公共交通，因而是充满希望的。
3.D。根据下文所述可知，这群人把自行车涂成白色的放在阿姆斯特丹的公共处，让人们来使用。
4.A。理解上下文所述可推断，在阿姆斯特丹的任何人都可以骑这些自行车进行短道行驶，故选A项。
5.B。理解前半句可推断，人们使用完自行车后，要把它留在那里让别的人使用，留下来用动词leave，故选B项。
6.D。根据常识可知，偷这些自行车的人应是 “thief”，故选D项。
7.A。通读上下文可知，尽管以前自行车经常被盗，而三十年后，这种方便于人们出行的自行车又出现了，前后有转折关系，故选A项。
8.C。根据下文所述可知，这些电脑芯片放置于自行车中的功能是能够记录自行车的移动情况，故选C项。
9.A。由句意可知自行车不再是白色，人们把它们设计成一些明亮的色彩，这是一种不同寻常的设计，故选A项。
10.B。通读全句分析，后面的句子是前面句子的原因，故用表示原因的连词because。
III.阅读理解。
1. C。由第一段第四句“He p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.”可知。
2. B。由第二段句子“The kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.”可知。
3. D。由第四段句子“That ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines.”可知。
4. B。由最后一段中的句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were lifelike.”可知。
5. A。全文写了摄影的历史，是怎样一步一步成为一种艺术的。
6. A。词义理解题。ideal意为“理想的；完美的”； Perfect意为“完美的”，故选A。
7. C。细节理解题。第二段句“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world.”可知丹顶鹤在世界上数量很少。
8. B。由第五段句“We need ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more people to help us count and do something to help the birds”可知每年做一次统计。故选B。
9. B。细节理解题。由最后一段最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一句“…make them actively take action to protect wildlife”可知选B。
IV. 书面表达。
参考范文：
What do you think the life in the future will be like
In the future ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )there will be robots as well as computers, and we will do many things at home without leaving. We can check e-mails on the computer, and do some shopping, see a doctor, know a lot all over the world with the help of the computer. The robots can help us do cleaning, cooking and washing. What’s more, we can have lessons without going to school, and our teacher can teach us through the Internet.
I think the lif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in the future will be wonderful, and we can enjoy ourselves very much because there will be enough time to relax and do what we like to do.
