2024年广东省英语中考专题总复习： 环境保护与灾害防范 （无答案）

环境保护与灾害防范
环 境 保 护 1．环境 (n.) environment 4．燃料 (n.) fuel 7．垃圾 (n.) rubbish (litter/garbage/waste) 12．减少 (v.) reduce 15．全球变暖global warming 2．资源 (n.) resource 5．污染 (n.) pollution 8．浪费 (v.& n．) waste 10．再循环 (v.) recycle 13．污染 (v.) pollute 3．能量 (n.) energy 6．噪音 (n.) noise 9．再使用 (v.) reuse 11．保护 (v.) protect 14．自然保护区natural reserve
灾 害 防 范 16．灾害 (n.) disaster 19．台风 (n.) typhoon 22．水灾；洪水 (n.) flood 25．安全 (n.) safety 28．通知 (n.) notice 31．急救车 (n.) ambulance 34．欺骗 (v.) cheat 37．危险的 (adj.) dangerous 40．明智的 (adj.) wise 43．有耐心的 (adj.) patient 17．烟雾；雾霾 (n.) smog 20．飓风 (n.) hurricane 23．地震 (n.) earthquake 26．危险 (n.) danger 29．注意 (n.) attention 32．避免；防止 (v.) avoid 35．打扰 (v.) disturb 38．小心的 (adj.) careful 41．镇静的 (adj.) calm 44．恰当的 (adj.) proper 18．暴风雨 (n.) storm 21．旱灾 (n.) drought 24．森林大火 (n.) wildfire 27．信息 (n.) information 30．伤口 (n.) wound 33．警告 (v.) warn 36．伤害 (v.) hurt 39．勇敢的 (adj.) brave 42．害怕的 (adj.) afraid 45．严重的 (adj.) serious
佳句赏析
佳句范例 佳句点拨
1．It's our duty to love and protect our environment. 使用句型“It is＋n．＋to do sth.”强调保护环境的重要性
2．We should all be responsible for our planet, as we only have one planet. 使用“as”引导的原因状语从句强调地球的唯一性
3．As far as I am concerned, something must be done to stop pouring waste water into the river. “as far as I am concerned”意为“在我看来，就我而言”，是一个较高级的表达用语
4．If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, we'll have a much better world. 使用“if”引导的条件状语从句及短语“make a contribution to”，使句子表达更高级
佳句范例 佳句点拨
5．Natural disaster is one of the biggest problems that we have to face with. 使用“one of”表明问题多；使用“that”引导的定语从句说明自然灾害对我们的影响
6．A terrible flood which lasted as long as over a month hit America. “as long as”意为“长达”，强调洪水持续时间之长
续表
佳句范例 佳句点拨
7．Heavy rain will not only wash away the soil but cause serious flood as well. 使用“not only … but …”表达递进关系，强调了暴雨造成的严重后果
8．Now we've become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. “have much to do with”表示“与……有关”，使表达更高级；“what”引导宾语从句，这是从句中套从句，体现了语法功底
9．Although we are living in peace, we should learn about how to protect ourselves in natural disasters. 使用“although”引导的让步状语从句及“how”引导的宾语从句，强调了学习在灾害中自保的重要性
语篇练习
一、语法选择
Earth is our home.We must take care of it．Life today is easier than it was hundreds of 1 ago, but it has brought some new problems．One of 2 problems is pollution．We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it．Pollution problems 3 more and more serious now.
(　B　)1．A．year B．years C．years'
(　C　)2．A．big B．bigger C．the biggest
(　A　)3．A．are becoming B．will become C．became
There are many kinds of pollution around 4 such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution．They are bad 5 our health in many ways．Air pollution from industry and cars is harmful to our environment, which can cause sore eyes and breathing problems．Lots of rubbish 6 away by people．Rubbish is everywhere．It makes 7 environment dirty．Noise pollution is also around us, 8 it's difficult for us to study or work well．People may even lose their hearing 9 they work in a noisy place for a long time．Too much noise can cause high blood pressure(高血压) as well.
(　B　)4．A．we B．us C．our
(　C　)5．A．to B．in C．for
(　A　)6．A．is thrown B．was thrown C．throws
(　C　)7．A．a B．an C．the
(　A　)8．A．so B．because C．but
(　C　)9．A．though B．unless C．if
We have only one Earth．The pollution problems are so serious that we should act now 10 the environment．Let's start out small and make our home more and more beautiful.
(　B　)10．A．protect B．to protect C．protecting
二、完形填空
(2023自贡改编)If you see a group of kids riding bikes on a city street, and there's one adult with them, also on a bike, this is a bike bus.
It's not a real bus, but one group of 1 together does what the bus does．Take the following bike bus as an example.
(　B　)1．A．walkers B．riders
C．drivers D．parents
Devin Olson is a dad in the US．He 2 a bike bus for local schools．It drops off students at 2 primary schools．“We 3 at 8 a．m．to play soccer and eat breakfast，” Olson says．“Then we check our 4 and start our ride．It's nothing but laughing.”
(　B　)2．A．opens B．organizes
C．sells D．fixes
(　C　)3．A．stop B．sleep
C．meet D．finish
(　A　)4．A．bikes B．bags
C．boxes D．shoes
The group makes about 8 stops along the way to 5 children．“We want kids to enjoy going to 6 ．They can ride with their parents, brothers or sisters，” says Olson.
(　C　)5．A．look up B．cheer up
C．pick up D．give up
(　D　)6．A．zoo B．library
C．museum D．school
7 ， pictures and videos of bike buses got lots of attention when they were posted online．“What a simple idea it is! How 8 it is to get started，” says one Weibo user.
(　A　)7．A．Recently B．However
C．Usually D．Especially
(　A　)8．A．easy B．boring
C．strange D．lucky
Now, many parents agree with the idea．And more families are giving up cars for a ride．This helps 9 climate change, encourage exercise and reduce school drop－off traffic．And it also makes the children 10 than before.
(　C　)9．A．increase B．cause
C．fight D．make
(　B　)10．A．funnier B．happier
C．smarter D．richer
三、阅读理解
A(2023温州改编)
E－waste Electronic waste (e－waste) comes from computers, cameras, phones, fridges, TVs and so on.
How much e－waste has been produced There is too much e－waste on the earth．In the past ten years, 506.5 Mt of e－waste has been produced.That is as heavy as about 50，149 Eiffel Towers.
What can we do with e－waste E－waste is harmful to the environment．Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle．Here are some examples. ◆Quadloop created solar lanterns with e－waste. ◆Mixed Reality Lab designed educational toys with e－waste for poor kids. ◆Junichi Kawanishi turned about 79，000 tons of e－waste into medals. ◆Alex Lin recycled about 136 tons of broken computers into ones that can be used again.
(　A　)1．In 2022, how much e－waste was produced in the world
A．59.4 Mt. B．53.6 Mt.
C．48.2 Mt． D．39.8 Mt.
(　B　)2．What does the the underlined sentence show
A．The Eiffel Tower is very heavy.
B．E－waste is a serious problem.
C．We should visit the Eiffel Tower.
D．Many people die from e－waste pollution.
(　C　)3．How many examples of reducing e－waste are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four． D．Five.
(　B　)4．What did Alex Lin do with e－waste
A．He created lanterns. B．He recycled computers.
C．He designed toys． D．He made medals.
(　C　)5．In which part of a website can we read the page
A．Food. B．Health.
C．Environment． D．Travel.
B
(2023河源二模)A big sandstorm hit China in early April．It covered many places with thick clouds of yellow dust, including Qinghai, Heilongjiang and Beijing．The dust even traveled to Shanghai and Jiangsu．Where did such a strong sandstorm come and why
It came from the Gobi Desert areas of Mongolia．This year's wind was very strong there．It is because the temperatures this spring are higher than before．There was also little rain．So the land was dry and it was difficult for plants to hold sand and dust.
China has been working for many years to fight against sandstorms．In the 1970s, China started the Three－North Shelter Forest Program．It planned to plant trees in northern China to stop sandstorms and improve the environment．More than 66 billion trees have been planted so far.
But it also needs the effort of many countries and international cooperation．For example, about 70 percent of the land in Mongolia is facing desertification(沙漠化)．Sand in the country has become a source(来源) of sandstorms in China and other countries nearby.
How to protect yourself in sandstorms：
☆Stay in a room with the doors and windows closed.
☆If you're outside, avoid riding a bike．Cover your face and wear special glasses.
☆Stay away from trees if you are outside.
☆Go to the hospital if you are coughing a lot.
☆Airports, highways, and ports should be closed.
(　A　)6．What does the underlined word “dust” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Sand. B．Light.
C．Flood． D．Rubbish.
(　B　)7．Where was the big sandstorm in April from
A．Qinghai, Heilongjiang and Beijing.
B．The Gobi Desert areas of Mongolia.
C．Shanghai and Jiangsu．
D．The northern China.
(　D　)8．Why did China set up the Three－North Shelter Forest Program
A．To save the endangered animals.
B．To help to grow certain plants.
C．To get more wood products．
D．To protect the environment.
(　C　)9．If you are walking outside, how can you protect yourself when a sandstorm comes
A．By hiding behind a tree.
B．By riding a bike home.
C．By covering face．
D．By wearing a hat.
(　A　)10．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How to stop sandstorms and protect yourself.
B．What makes sandstorms happen in the world.
C．Where the strong sandstorm in April came from.
D．Why China has planted so many trees these years.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况描述，右栏是七项保护环境的具体做法。请为每个人选择一项适合他们的环保行为。
(　C　)11．Mary likes different kinds of drinks．So there are many bottles in her trash bin. (　B　)12．Bill is a teacher of Hope School．He wants the students to form good habits in order to keep the classroom clean. (　G　)13．Oscar and his wife are going to move into a new apartment next week．They worry about how to deal with the old furniture. (　F　)14．Peter likes driving to work, but it is just ten minutes' drive from his home to the company. (　E　)15．Tina learned from school that it could be easy to save the environment and it could be done at home. A．You have old clothes to throw away If they can be used again, give them to someone who needs them. B．In order to keep the classroom clean and collect used paper, we will set in each classroom a “Box for Paper” for students and teachers to put used paper in. C．Check your trash．Glass and plastic bottles can be taken to nearby recycling banks. D．Save paper so that we can save the trees．Use both sides of the paper and use recycled paper whenever we can. E．When you do not use some house equipment, turn it off．For example, turn off the TV when you leave the room. F．Driving a car can cause lots of pollution．Walk or ride a bike if it is not a far－away journey. G．Donate(捐赠) old furniture to the charity, schools, friends or neighbors．Also, you can sell it to others.
四、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
with　she　start　nearly　big　difference　result　because　way　help　still　although
(2023绍兴改编)Reshma Kosaraju shared her experience with us．When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, 1．her family moved from Chicago to Northern California．Soon after, the Camp Fire 2．started．“It was one of the 3．biggest fires in California history，” Reshma, now 17, told TIME for Kids．4．Although her school was about 320 kilometers south of the fire, students still had to wear masks(面罩) because of the smoke．“It is an unusual experience for me, 5.because I have never really experienced this problem，” she said．So she hoped to deal 6．with the problem．Later she created a useful 7．way to predict forest fires with artificial intelligence(人工智能)．Her method is 8．nearly 90% right．“I realized that if I could succeed, the results could make a big 9．difference．For example, the environment can be 10．helped and many lives can be saved，” Reshma said.
读写练习
五、读写综合
A．回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
When looking at a pair of old chopsticks, most people would see nothing but waste．But Felix Bock would see boxes, tables, shelves and so on. In 2016, Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the University of British Columbia, Canada, found out people threw away about 100，000 pairs of chopsticks every day in Vancouver alone．He felt they need to do something．So he started the company ChopValue in the same year．The company collected used chopsticks from restaurants, schools and shopping centers in Canada and the US and turned them into furniture and other artworks．Now in its fifth year, with the rapid growth of the company, Bock employs(雇佣) 40 people, and using his special press machines, he has recycled 32 million pairs of chopsticks. Bock takes pride in his work．And he hopes the idea behind ChopValue will help people rethink what they see as waste．“I believe every small action can help，” he said．“And I am happy that my business provides a new way for people.” Hundreds of restaurants across North America pay a small sum(金额) of money to Bock for the recycling of their used chopsticks．Bock doesn't stop there．Now he is busy taking his business to more countries and has set up factories for recycling local wood like chopsticks in 10 countries.
1．When did Felix Bock start the company ChopValue
Felix Bock/He started the company ChopValue in 2016./In 2016.
2．What did Bock's company collect to make furniture and other artworks
Bock's company collected used chopsticks (to make furniture and other artworks)./Used chopsticks.
3．How many pairs of chopsticks has Bock recycled
Bock/He has recycled 32 million pairs of chopsticks./32 million pairs of chopsticks.
4．What does Bock think of his work
Bock/He takes pride in his work.
5．Why do hundreds of restaurants across North America pay money to Bock
Because they want Bock to recycle their used chopsticks.
语篇分析
根据文章内容，完成以下思维导图。
根据句中加粗内容，仿写句子。
①...and turned them into furniture and other artworks． 仿写：
②Bock takes pride in his work. 仿写：
③Now he is busy taking his business to more countries ... 仿写：
B．书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作。
(2023天水改编)假设你是李辉，你校英语报“Protect the Environment”专栏面向全校学生征稿，以向大家宣传环保的意义及作为中学生应该怎样保护环境。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示，以“Save the Earth: Let's Do Our Part！”为题，用英语写一篇短文投稿。
注意：
1．可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
2．不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和学生的真实姓名。
3．语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Save the Earth: Let's Do Our Part!
The earth is the only home for everyone on it．It's crying for our help now．________________________________________________
★Step 1　审好题，搭好架
①定文体：议论文 ②定人称：第一人称
③定时态：一般现在时
★Step 2　造好句，写准句
①We protect the earth．We can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing pollution．(用动词不定式改写成目的状语从句)
To protect the earth, we can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing pollution.
②We can choose to ride a bike．We can choose not to drive a car．(用instead of改写句子)
We can choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car.
★Step 3　组好文，成佳作
Save the Earth: Let's Do Our Part!
The earth is the only home for everyone on it．It's crying for our help now．As middle school students, we should take action to make a difference and help save the earth！
To protect the earth, we can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing pollution．We can also save animals and recycle whenever possible．Besides, we can choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car to help stop pollution, and make sure to always throw trash in the proper bins．
By doing our part, we can make a positive impact on the environment and create a better future for later generations.