科学与技术 2024年广东省英语中考总复习（无答案）

科学与技术
科 学 1．科学 (n.) science 4．宇航员 (n.) astronaut 7．电；电力 (n.) electricity 10．声音 (n.) sound 13．信息 (n.) information 16．程序 (n.) program 19．致力于 (v.) devote 22．发展；进步 (v.) develop 25．研究 (n.& v．) research 2．事实；真相 (n.) truth 5．系统 (n.) system 8．能；能源 (n.) power 11．力；力量 (n.) force 14．网络 (n.) network 17．理论 (n.) theory 20．证明 (v.) prove 23．科学的 (adj.) scientific 26．测试 (n．& v．) test 3．科学家 (n.) scientist 6．实验 (n.) experiment 9．光；灯 (n.) light 12．重力 (n.) gravity 15．电报 (n.) telegram 18．发电报 (v.) telegraph 21．宣布 (v.) announce 24．怀疑 (n．& v．) doubt
技 术 27．技术 (n.) technology 30．火箭 (n.) rocket 33．飞机 (n.) plane 36．机器人 (n.) robot 39．创造 (v.) create 42．可循环的 (adj.) recyclable 45．数字的 (adj.) digital 28．电影 (n.) movie/film 31．汽车 (n.) car 34．轮船 (n.) ship 37．互联网 (n.) Internet 40．发明 (v.) invent 43．视觉的；可视化的 (adj.) visual 29．电话 (n.) telephone 32．火车 (n.) train 35．电脑 (n.) computer 38．宇宙飞船 (n.) spaceship 41．可再生的 (adj.) renewable 44．智能的 (adj.) intelligent 46．人造卫星man－made satellite
佳句赏析
佳句范例 佳句点拨
1．Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it. 使用“but”构成并列句，强调实践的重要性
2．We think it necessary to perform a complete study. “v．＋it＋adj．＋to do sth.”句型的使用使表达更高级
3．The invention is one percent smart and ninety－nine percent perspiration(汗水)． “one percent”与“ninety－nine percent”，“smart”与“perspiration(汗水)”形成了两组对照，强调了辛苦的付出
4．Scientific progress depends on creative spirit as well as hard work. 使用“as well as”替代“and”，使表达更高级
5．There is no doubt that we should innovate(创新) no matter where we are and what we do. “There is no doubt＋that从句”及“no matter＋疑问词”都是较为高级的表达方式
佳句范例 佳句点拨
6．If you use the Internet, all will become a piece of cake． 使用习语“a piece of cake”充分表达出互联网的强大
7．Thanks to science and technology, we live comfortably and conveniently now. 使用“thanks to”引出生活舒适、便利的原因
8．It is very convenient to talk to anyone with a phone as small as a wallet. “It is＋adj．＋to do sth.”句型及“as … as …”结构的使用使整个句子的表达上升一个层次
9．The computer becomes the most helpful equipment for us because we can use our time more efficiently. 使用“because”引导原因状语从句，解释了电脑最有用的原因
10．We use hi－tech tools wherever and whenever we are so that our life becomes easier and more comfortable． 使用“wherever”和“whenever”引导状语从句，使用“so that”引导结果状语从句，以及使用“比较级＋and＋比较级”，使整个句子的表达更加丰富
语篇练习
一、语法选择
This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland．The students are having a math class with 1 robot teacher.
The “teacher” is 2 small, blue machine about 25 centimeters high．Whenever students have problems, it helps them very 3 and never gets bored.
(　C　)1．A．they B．them C．their
(　A　)2．A．a B．an C．the
(　C　)3．A．patient B．patience C．patiently
“The robot can make students 4 in class than usual．I see Elias 5 one of the tools to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom，” a teacher said.
(　B　)4．A．active B．more active C．the most active
(　B　)5．A．on B．as C．with
So far the school 6 four robot teachers．And one of them is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages 7 dance to music．“It is necessary 8 kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life，” the head of the school said in the interview.
(　C　)6．A．will get B．got C．has got
(　A　)7．A．and B．but C．so
(　C　)8．A．encourage B．encouraging C．to encourage
The robot teachers 9 to help improve learning．This doesn't mean that human teachers will lose their jobs．The robots 10 teach well, but they can't keep class in order．The school still needs human teachers．
(　A　)9．A．are used B．were used C．used
(　B　)10．A．need B．can C．must
二、完形填空
(2023宿州一模改编)People are living longer and longer now．That's good news．However, getting old can bring a lot of problems．Many people get sick and need care．When there are many elderly people in society, finding care is 1 ．There aren't enough people to do this job.
(　C　)1．A．terrible B．boring
C．difficult D．possible
Today, technology is helping us 2 this problem．New robots can give elderly people all kinds of 3 ．Some of them lift and move people from one bed to another．Others help people around their own homes．There are 4 some that can just be good friends.
(　A　)2．A．solve B．enter
C．try D．meet
(　B　)3．A．mess B．care
C．work D．advice
(　C　)4．A．only B．just
C．even D．very
The simplest care 5 are like pets．When you touch them, they will move or make animal sounds．They bring real joy to elderly people, and nobody has to feed them.
(　A　)5．A．robots B．homes
C．animals D．plants
Sometimes, elderly people just 6 an assistant(助手)．The robots tell people to 7 medicine, do exercise, and see the doctor.
Other care robots do physical 8 ．They help people walk, 9 things, and lead groups in dances.
(　B　)6．A．miss B．need
C．lend D．draw
(　C　)7．A．sell B．give
C．take D．find
(　A　)8．A．jobs B．news
C．plans D．exercises
(　D　)9．A．give up B．get up
C．look up D．pick up
Many of these robots can not only help elderly people do things, but also help them feel useful and independent．Some companies make their robots look 10 ．That way, people will care for the robots while the robots care for them.
(　C　)10．A．lazy B．cool
C．weak D．rich
三、阅读理解
A
Show the beauty of China from your cameras China Daily is collecting photos and short videos about the beautiful country of China from Aug．16 to Oct．20, 2024．The theme(主题) of the activity is to discover beautiful China．As China's largest English－language news group, China Daily with its own Discover Beautiful China platform (www．chinaservicesinfo．com), China Daily Website, and China Daily App, is expecting fantastic works by people from all over the world. Works can be submitted(提交) in two kinds, including photos and videos．Languages in either English or Chinese are accepted. Besides prizes and awards, participants(参赛者) will get a chance to see their works on China Daily Website, www．chinaservicesinfo．com, and China Daily App, one of the most popular English－language news apps in China．What's more, first prize winners can choose any of the three listed cities to visit for free．Up to three family members or two friends are allowed to follow．China Daily will pay for the whole trip．The three cities are Beijing, Hangzhou and Chengdu. If you're interested, you can submit your works by visiting our website or scanning the QR code(扫描二维码) below. www．chinaservicesinfo．com/discoverbeautifulchinasubmit
(　C　)1．If you are interested in this activity, you can submit your works on ．
A．May 20, 2024 B．July 16, 2024
C．September 16, 2024 D．December 20, 2024
(　B　)2．What's the theme of the activity
A．To travel around China.
B．To discover beautiful China．
C．To collect photos and short videos.
D．To teach how to take beautiful pictures.
(　A　)3．What language can be used in the submitted works
A．English. B．French.
C．Japanese． D．German.
(　C　)4．How can a participant submit his/her works
A．By sending an e－mail.
B．By making a phone call.
C．By scanning the QR code．
D．By writing a letter．
(　B　)5．Where can we most probably read the text
A．In a storybook. B．On a website.
C．In a science report． D．In a sports magazine．
B
(2023哈尔滨一模改编) Quilts keep people warm．However, you may not know well about quilts．
Quilts have a long history in different places．In Asia, the quilt appeared in the first century BC．In the 11th century, people in Europe brought quilting skills from the Middle East．From then on people in Europe wore quilted(夹层的) clothing under their heavy coats to keep warm．
Bed quilts had something to do with women in American history．When the earliest people in Europe came to America, there were few or no stores．Women cut up old clothes and used them to make new clothes．During the 1700s and 1800s, women made quilts．Quilting kept families from living in the cold environment．Women met at parties to help each other finish making quilts．
Quilts are also a form of art．Every quilt is a way for the artist to show himself or herself．Each one uses different designs and colors．Each one also uses different skills for sewing(缝纫) the pieces together．In the beginning, people just sewed the materials together．Later, people added some pictures, such as birds and flowers.
So next time you climb into bed with a nice warm quilt, look at it carefully．
(　A　)6．When did the quilt appear in Asia
A．Earlier than that in Europe.
B．Later than that in Europe.
C．As early as that in Europe．
D．As late as that in Europe.
(　B　)7．How did women in America make new clothes
A．Cut up old bed quilts.
B．Cut up old clothes.
C．Cut up new clothes．
D．Cut up new bed quilts.
(　D　)8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People in Europe took quilting skills to the Middle East.
B．Bed quilts had something to do with men in American history.
C．Men in America met at parties to help each other finish making quilts.
D．Quilts are also a form of art.
(　C　)9．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The picture. B．The bed.
C．The quilt． D．The artist.
(　A　)10．What is the passage mainly about
A．It's mainly about the history and development of quilts.
B．It's mainly about the importance of quilts.
C．It's mainly about how to make quilts.
D．It's mainly about different kinds of quilts.
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的信息描述，右栏是七款软件的广告。请为每个人选择一款适合他们的软件。
(　A　)11．Amy works in an office．She has many things to do every day．She hopes that somebody can help her organize the tasks. (　G　)12．Henry likes exercising．But he is afraid of being hurt because he doesn't know how to exercise safely. (　E　)13．George is crazy about the universe．He especially likes watching stars in the sky．He thinks they are beautiful. (　D　)14．Emily is interested in taking pictures and videos．But sometimes she is not satisfied with the pictures and videos she takes． (　B　)15．Scott is careless．Typing messages is his main task but he often makes mistakes．His boss is very angry. A．So many things to do! How can we better organize ourselves The app Watoo can help us sort(分类) our tasks．Besides, this app has colorful faces．We can organize tasks by using them. B．When we type messages, we often make mistakes．Fixing these mistakes can take up a lot of time．The app Swiftkey can help us write messages faster and more correctly． C．Sometimes it's hard to find the right time to read books．With the app iRead, you can read books whenever you like．If you are too busy to hold a book, you can try this app. D．It's fun to take pictures and videos on our phones．But how can we make our pictures and videos more beautiful The app InShot can help us edit(编辑) our pictures and videos. E．Do you love watching stars The free app Stellarium can help you look up information about billions of stars．You can even see the planets in 3D. F．Do you like to make your own movie Try the app iMovie．It has many ways to make movies and it is easy to learn． G．A healthy body is important．But how can we exercise safely The app Fitbod is here to help! The app can show you how to exercise correctly with videos．
四、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
technology　child　they　but　solve　as　teach　even　what　good　and　be
(2023泰安改编)ChatGPT is an AI system that can have a discussion and create written work．It can create material based on 1．what it has learned from digital(数字的) books and online naissance(诞生)．Now three high school students in Cyprus have developed an unusual robot with the help of 2．their teachers．It is special as it uses ChatGPT AI technology．
The robot is named AInstein．It is the size of a small adult and 3．even has a screen for a face that appears to show human facial(面部) expressions．It speaks a North American form of English．And it can tell jokes．The robot enjoys reading science books 4．and playing the violin．
The creators of AInstein want to use the 5．technology to improve learning experiences in the classroom．In fact, there might 6．be a place for robots in education after all．British education expert Anthony Seldon predicts that robots will take over the classroom in 2027 and teachers will work 7．as their helpers．
One thing is certain，though．A robot teacher is 8．better than no teacher at all．In some parts of the world, there aren't enough teachers and 9－16 percent of 9．children under the age of 14 don't go to school．That problem could be partly 10．solved by robots, because they can teach anywhere and won't get tired.
读写练习
五、读写综合
A．回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
When you're not at home, many worries may start to appear in your mind．Did I turn the coffee maker off Did I lock the door Are the kids doing their homework or watching TV With a smart home, you won't have these worries any more. A smart home is a home with a communication network．This network connects devices(装置), such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring. More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient．It can help keep your room at a certain temperature．It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone．When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to turn on or off the electricity when necessary．Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink．They can even feed the pets and water the plants．Besides, smart homes are easy to fix．Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information．When there is a problem, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional worker. Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology．Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your fridge．While some people worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier．Whatever it is, one thing is for sure — smart home technology will change the way we live and work.
1．What is a smart home
It is a home with a communication network.
2．Why do more and more people consider having a smart home
Because it makes life much more convenient.
3．What can we use to turn on or off the electricity when necessary
We can use a smart home controller to turn on or off the electricity when necessary./A smart home controller.
4．How can we deal with it when there is a problem
When there is a problem, we can deal with it ourselves without paying a professional worker./By ourselves．
5．What do many scientists think of the future of smart home technology
They are excited at the future of smart home technology.
语篇分析
根据文章内容，完成以下思维导图。
根据句中加粗内容，仿写句子。
①More and more people consider having a smart home ... 仿写：
②This network connects devices, such as lights and TV sets ... 仿写：
③Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror ... 仿写：
④Whatever it is, one thing is for sure ... 仿写：
B．书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作。
科技改变生活。你校英语周报正在举办以“The Progress of Science Technology”为主题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．科技发展对我们生活的影响(至少3点)；
2．我们对于科技进步应该持有的态度。
作文要求：
1．不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和学生的真实姓名。
2．语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
The Progress of Science Technology
Nowadays, the benefits of science and technology can be seen almost everywhere．________________________________________________
________________________
★Step 1　审好题，搭好架
①定文体：议论文 ②定人称：第一人称
③定时态：一般现在时
★Step 2　造好句，写准句
①Second, we can enjoy better food, clothing, housing, transport and healthcare．(用as well as改写)
Second, we can enjoy better food, clothing, housing, transport as well as healthcare.
②Besides, with the progress of science and technology, exploring the unknown is possible for us．(用make it possible for us to ...改写)
Besides, the progress of science and technology makes it possible for us to explore the unknown.
★Step 3　组好文，成佳作
The Progress of Science Technology
Nowadays, the benefits of science and technology can be seen almost everywhere．First, technology products like computers help us deal with many difficult tasks, so we can have more free time．Second, we can enjoy better food, clothing, housing, transport as well as healthcare．Besides, the progress of science and technology makes it possible for us to explore the unknown.
It's true that great progress of science and technology has brought great changes to our life．We should never stop developing it, but meanwhile we have to make good use of this double－edged sword and never let it harm our society.