2023-2024学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册小升初英语专项复习：冠词讲义（无答案）

冠词
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词the，另一种是不定冠词a, an,还有一种是零冠词。
不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。
在26个字母前用an的有12个：a e f h i l m n o r s x ;
用a的有14个：b c d g j k p q t u v w y z
特别识记：an hour(一小时), a useful book(一本有用的书), a university students(一名大学生), an honest boy(一个诚实的男孩)
.用于第一次提到某人或某物前。
There is a book on the desk.桌子上有本书。
2)用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵” 等
如：That’s a green tea.那是一种绿茶。
3)用于两件通常配在一起的物品前，第二个名词前不再重复不定冠词.
如：a knife and fork一副刀叉
4)用语某些固定词组中
如： a lot of许多 have a look看一看 have a rest休息一下
have a toothache牙痛 have a good time玩得高兴 a little/bit/ few一些；一点儿
（二）定冠词the的用法
1).特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法
Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
2).指谈话双方都知道的人或事物
Open the window please.请把窗户打开。
3).指上文已经提到的人或事物
I had a banana and an apple. I ate the banana and gave the apple to Lucy.
我有一根香蕉和一个苹果。我吃了那根香蕉，把苹果给了Lucy。
4).指世界上独一无二的事物如：the earth地球 the sun太阳 the moon月球
5)与序数词和最高级连用
①形容词的最高级前一般也要加the。
如：Tom is the tallest of the boys in our class.
②基数词放在名词后面表示名称时，前面不用冠词，且要大写；用序数词表示
名称时，前面要用冠词。
如：一年级：Grade One，the first grade
6)表示乐器类名词前用定冠词
球类、棋类等运动类名词前不用冠词，而乐器类名称前要用定冠词。可以这么记忆：搞体育的人总是衣冠不齐（没有冠词），而搞音乐的人衣冠整齐（有冠词）。
如： I like playing the piano.我喜欢弹钢琴。
I like playing sports.我喜欢做运动。
7).与形容词连用，指一类人（the poor, the rich, the old, the young, the ill）
We should help the old.我们应该帮助老人。
8).与姓氏复数名词连用，表示某某一家人或某某夫妇
如：The Greens are watching TV.格林一家人正在看电视。
9).由两个以上的普通名词组成的专有名词，一般要用定冠词
如：the Great Wall长城 the Summer Palace颐和园
但街道、广场、公园、车站、机场、大学等一般不用定冠词。（可以概括为“城市建设”类）
如：Nanjing Road, Tian’anmen Square, Beihai Park
（三）不用冠词的情况
1).表示国家、城市名等地理和地理名称的名词前，不加冠词
如：England英国 Shanghai上海 Guilin桂林
2).泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词
如：They are teachers.他们是教师。
3).在季节、月份、节日、假日、星期、日期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词
如：June 1st is Children’s Day.六月一日是儿童节。
4).在人名、称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前不加冠词
如：What’s wrong, Granny 奶奶，怎么了？
5).在三餐、球类运动、娱乐运动及学科名称前，不加冠词
如：We all like English.我们都喜欢英语。play chess下棋 play cards打牌
6).by+交通工具，中间无冠词
如：by bus, by train, by taxi, by bike, by air(乘飞机), by sea(乘船)
7).公共假日，节日名称前。
如：New Year’s Day元旦 Women’s Day妇女节
8).用在某些固定词组或习惯用语中。
如：day and night日日夜夜 watch TV看电视 at night在晚上
注意：
1、两个名词表示同一事物时只在前一个用冠词
如:A writer and singer is present at the meeting.(作家兼歌手)
2.可数名词单数不能单独使用
可数名词要么前面加上冠词，要么前面加上指示代词或物主代词，要么用复数。
不能这么说：This is pen.（pen是可数名词单数，不能单独使用。）
可以这么说：This is a pen. This is the pen.
This is his/her/my/their pen. These are pens.
冠词练习题
一、单项选择。
( )1.Look at____red pen. It’s_____nice one.
A.the; a B.a; theC.the; an D.the; the
( )2.Mary has a bad cold. She has to stay in_____bed.
A.a B./ C.the D.an
( )3.-Do you play_____piano in your free time
-No. I like sports. I often play______soccer with my friends.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the D.a; a
( )4.My aunt likes playing______violin at_____night.
A./; / B.the; / C./; the D.the; the
( )5.Look at _____eraser on the floor. Whose is it A.a B.an C.the D./
( )6._____Greens are having dinner. A./ B.A C.An D.The
( )7.I want to have_____English pen pal.A.a B.the C.an D./
( )8.-How do you go to school every day -______.
A.By a bike B.On feet C.By the car D.By bus
( )9._____earth moves around_____sun.
A.The; / B.The; the C.A; the D.The; a
( )10.There is_____ “c” and_____ “m” on the blackboard.
A.a; a B.an; an C.a; an D.an; a
( )11.I like playing_____soccer in_____spring.
A.the; the B.the; a C./; / D./; the
( )12.There is____old woman in the car. A./ B.the C.a D.an
( )13.Bill is______English teacher. He likes playing______football.
A.a; the B.an; the C.a; / D.an; /
( )14.The story is_____interesting. That means it is___interesting story.
A.an; the B.the; a C./; an D./; a
( )15.Let’s go for_____walk, shall we A.a B.an C.the D./
( )16.This is ____funny storybook and it is also_____useful one.
A.a; a B.an; an C.an; a D.a; an
( )17.Australia is_____English-speaking country.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )18.What_____useful dictionary it is! A.a B.an C.the D./
( )19.We can see______in the sky.A.a sun B.sun C.an sun D.the sun
( )20.Lucy buys____book. _____book is very interesting.
A.an; the B.a; The C.a; A D.the; The
将单词和合适的不定冠词a或an连线。
(1) month (2)apple (3) house (4)orange (5)ball
a an
(6)elephant (7)car (8)eraser (9)girl (10)hat
三、用a, an, the或“/”填空。
(1).The Mid-autumn Festival is very important in______China.
(2).I usually go to school by______bike.
(3)Listen! My brother is playing______guitar.
(4)There is______“H”in the word house.
(5) There is______orange and ______banana on the plate.
(6) My parents go to______work five days a week.
(7) This is_____clock and that is______eraser.
(8)I played_____ping-pong with my dad last night.
四、根据汉语提示完成句子。
(1)他爷爷是一名工人。 His grandpa is___________.
(2)Jim喜欢踢足球。 Jim likes to__________________.
(3)你认识那边的那个男孩吗？ Do you know_________over there
(4)她是一名英语老师。 She is____________________.
(5)我通常6点吃早餐。I usually_______________at six a.m.
(6)我是一名医生。我表妹是一名演员。 I’m_____doctor. My cousin is_____actress.
(7)你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩吗？Do you know______girl in red
(8)在那张床底下你能看见一只猫。You can see____cat under_____bed.
五、找出错误的一项并改正。
( )1.I live on the third floor. _________
A B C
( )2.It’s time to have a breakfast. ___________
A B C
( )3.She has a uncle. He is a university teacher. __________
A B C
( )4.Let’s play piano. _________
A B C
( )5.We have an outgoing in a autumn. _______
A B C
六、用合适的冠词填空，补全短文。
I’m Hong Wei. I’m in Class 1, Grade 5. Can you see (1)______ photo on (2)____wall It’s (3)____old photo of my family. Who’s (4)_____old man He’s my grandfather. (5)_____man in blue is my uncle. (6)_____woman in (7)_____brown dress is my aunt. My father is behind my mother. He is in (8)______black coat. He is in No. 1 Middle School. Look, there is (9)______dog in the picture, too. Its name is Bobby. All the people in (10)_______photo are very happy.