数词
数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词,分基数词和序数词两种。
基数词表示人或事物的数量,序数词表示人或事物的次序。
基数词:表示人或物的数量。
、从1-12分别由one到twelve12个各不相同的词表示。
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
、从13-19均以后缀-teen结尾。
thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
、从20-90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。
twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
表示“几十几”时,个位和十位之间需加连字符“-”,如thirty-five 35 forty-two 42
、百位数:1-9基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,百位和十位之间要加and。如:
369 three hundred and sixty-nine
101 one hundred and one
、数字的写法和读法:
十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”。
百位和十位之间要加and。
千位数以上的数,从个位往前数,每三位数加一个逗号“,”,从后往前的第一个逗号代表thousand,第二个逗号代表million,第三个逗号是billion,注意这几个词不能用复数形式,后也不能加and。如:
10,000 ten thousand
18,657,521 eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven
thousand, five hundred and twenty-one.
、表示具体、准确的数目时,hundred,thousand,million,
billion这些词后不能加-s,即 基数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion
如:five hundred 500,six thousand 6000等。
、当hundred, thousand等数词与of连用,表示粗略数目时,hundred, thousand等词词尾必须加-s。
即hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名词复数。如:
thousands of students数以千计的学生
、表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数。
in the thirties 在30年代 in his fifties 在他50多岁时
序数词:表示人或事物的次序。
、从第一到第十九
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth
seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth
从第二十往后
、整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为ie,再加“th”构成。如:twenty-twentieth thirty-thirtieth
表示“第几十几”时,十位数的“几十”仍用基数词,只把个位部分变成序数词就行了。
ninety-nine ninety-ninth第九十九
、除上述情况外,均在词尾加-th.如:
ten-tenth (10th) one hundred-one hundredth(100th)
※当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时,必须在阿拉伯数字之后加上序数词的最后两个字母。(例见上)
巧记基数词变序数词
基变序有规律:词尾加上-th(fourth, sixth)
二、三,特殊例:结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e(eighth, ninth).ve要用f替(fifth, twelfth).
ty将y改成i;th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几,前面基来后面序。
三、数词的应用
考点一:时刻的表达
表示时间的方法通常不止一种
顺读法:先读小时再度分钟 如:6:30 six thirty 3:05 three o five
逆读法:先读分钟再读小时
方法:先看离哪一个整点近,判断是用超过(past/after)还是不足(to/of)
然后先读分钟,再读“超过(past/after)”或“不足(to/of)”,最后读小时
如:1:10 ten past/after one 3:05 five past/after three
1:55 five to/of two
注意:1.专用词:quarter(一刻钟;十五分钟) half(半小时)
2:15 (a) quarter past/after two 3:45 (a) quarter to/of four
6:30 half past six(一般不用after)
2.表示5、10、20和25分钟不用minutes,但表示其他分钟要用minutes.
如:10:25 twenty-five past/after ten
10:17 seventeen minutes past/after ten
3.只有表示整点才用o’clock.
如: It’s three o’clock.
4.才用十二小时制,有必要具体说明一天内的时间就用in the morning,
in the afternoon, in the evening 或at night.
5.在较正式的文体中用:
a.m.早上或午夜以后 p.m.下午、晚上或午夜以前
6.o’clock 不与a.m.或p.m.连用
如:He gets up at 4 o’clock a.m. (×)
He gets up at 4 o’clock in the morning.(√)
考点二:年、月、日的表示
1、年份用基数词,如:1999年---nineteen ninety-nine
1900年---nineteen hundred 2000---two thousand
1905---nineteen o five
2.年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日,写作:June 8, 1998.
考点三:世纪、年代的表示
1.(在)90年代:(in) the nineties
2.(在)19世纪:(in) the nineteenth century
3.(在)18世纪30年代:(in) 1730s 或1730’s.
4.(在)20世纪20年代早期: in the early 1920’s.
考点四:编号的表示
1.Lesson One=the first lesson 第一课
2.Bus No. 3=the No. 3 bus 3路公共汽车
3.表示住所时不用 “No.”。
如:302房间---Room 302(读作room three o two)
4.如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:第457页-Page 457
5.电话号码,用基数词。如:3855633-three eight five five(double five) six three three (double three)
考点五:分数的表达:分数由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母的序数词尾要加上-s变为复数形式。如:
one third 三分之一 five sevenths 七分之五
英语分数巧记:
英语分数不费事,“母序子基”四个字。
分子若是大于一,分母还须加s。
1/5 one/a fifth 2/3 two thirds
※1/2通常不读作one second,而用a/one half表示数学中的分数可以都用基数词读。
※如1/2读作one over two,2/3读作 two over three, 3/4读作three over four.
考点六:小数:读和写均用小数点(.) (不用逗号) 表示。
1.小数用基数词来表示,以小数点为界,小数点左边的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读;小数点右边的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开来读;小数点读作point,0读作zero或 o的发音,整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。如:0.4 zero point four或point four零点四
10.23ten point two three 十二点二三
当数值大于1时,小数后面的名词用复数,数字值小于1时,小数的名词用单数。
1.03 meters 一点零三米 0.37 ton 零点三七吨
考点七:百分数表示法:
百分数用基数词+percent表示 50% fifty percent百分之五十
考点八:基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词
如: a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩
an 800-meter-long bridge一座800米长的桥
考点九:长、宽、高等的表达方法
数词+meter(s)/ kilometer(s)/ kilo(s) +long/high/tall/ deep/away 等。如:
The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometers long.长江长6300千米。
考点十:表示“几十岁”用序数词
如:in his thirties 在他三十几岁时
考点十一:倍数的表达
一倍用once, 两倍用twice,两倍以上用“基数词+times”。如:five times “5倍”
如:I am twice as old as you.=I am twice older than you.
考点十二:序数词前常用定冠词,用不定冠词a/an表示“又一”的意思
“a+序数词”是指在前面数字的基础上再加“一”。如:
His parents have two children, but they want a third one.他的父母有两个孩子了,但他们还想要一个孩子。(也就是再要第三个孩子,是在前两个的基础上再加一个)
Mr Brown has a second car.布朗先生另外还有一辆车。
数词练习题
一、根据句子的意思,填入适当的数词。
1.There are ________ letters in English alphabet(字母表).
2.There are _______ days in a week. Sunday is the_____day in a week.
3.There are ____________ hours in a day.
4.There are _______________ days in a year.
5.Everyone has_____eyes,_____ears ,_____mouth and_____nose.
6.Twenty and fifty is __________.
7.There are ______ days in January.
8.There are____ people in my family, they are my father, my mother and I.
9.There are_____months in a year. September is the____month of the year.
10.I’m twelve years old. Today is my________birthday.
用英语写出下列号码
报警电话:_________________________________________________
火警报警台:________________________________________________
医疗急救电话:______________________________________________
电话号码查号台:____________________________________________
你家的电话号码:_____________________________________________
三、用逆读法表达出下列时刻
1.7:00_________________
2.3:30_________________
3.6:20 ________________ _______________________
4.11:15________________ ________________________
5.8:45_________________ ________________________
6.1:50_________________ _________________________
四、找规律,填数字。
(1)three six twelve _________ ___________
(2)two _______ six eight ________
(3)seven twelve seventeen ______________
(4) five ten ________ twenty ____________
五、单项选择
1. There are two____people in the dining room.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of
2. We are going to learn _______ this term.
A. book five B. five book C. Book Five
3. Look! There are ________ in the sky.
A. million of B. millions of stars C. million of stars
4. Lingling is in ______.
A.Class Four, Grade One B.Grade One, Class Four C.Class Four, grade one
5.My mother goes to supermarket at five____twelve in the afternoon.
A. to B. too C. pass D. past
6.He lives in________.A.301 Room B.301 room C.Room 301 D.Rooms 301
7.He will come here_______ tomorrow morning.
A.at tenth B.at ten C.on ten D.till tenth
8. “The year 1998”should be read “The year________”
A.nineteen and ninety-eight B.nineteen ninety-eight
C.one thousand nine hundred and ninety-eightD.nineteen hundred and ninety-eight
9. The shop is about ______ away from here.
A. two hundred meters B. two hundreds metersC. two hundred meter
10.----What’s the date today ----It’s_______.
A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 4th
11.--_______ bananas do you need ---Three. _______ are they
A. How many, How much B. How many; How many
C. How much, How much D. How much; How many
12.We have ______ students.
A. fourty-four B. four-fourty C. forty-four D. four-forty
13. ---______ does Jim want ---- Only a few.
A. How many apples B. How many apple
C. How much apples D. How much apple
14. ---- How much _____ your CD? ----_____ 288 dollars.
A. are ,They’re B. are, It’s C. is, They’re D. is, It’s
15.He was born on_______.
A.February 12th, 2015 B.12th, 2015, February
C.2015. February 12th D.2015, 12th, February
16.His______daughter is lovely.
A.five years old B.five-years-old C.five-year-old D.five year old
17.The_____lesson is easier than Lesson_______.
A.five, Six B.fifth, Sixth C.fifth, Six D.five, Sixth
My grandfather is______years old.
A.ninty B.ninety C.third D.thirty
19.The_____day of June is Children’s Day.A.one B.Monday C.first D.second
20.Today we are going to learn Lesson______.It’s______lesson.
A.First; one B.The first; one C.One; first D.One; the first
六、英汉互译
1.half an hour _______________ 2.six to six________________
3. Line 9 _____________________ 4. five pineapples__________
5.两位英语老师_______________ 6.第2课________________
7. 第128 ____________________ 8.10英镑_________________
七、阅读理解
BIG SALE AT MURRAY’S
Come to Murray’s big sale on clothes ,things for your room and school . We have jackets for boys for thirty-five dollars, sweaters for girls for fifteen dollars, and bags , earrings for five dollars
See our great dressers, beds, and chairs. Get a new bookcase for all your school books and notebooks. In Murray’s big sale, it’s only twenty dollars! And we have backpacks, pencils, pens and notebooks----everything for school! Come to Murray’s today!
1.You can buy ________ at Murray’s.
A. clothes B. school things C. beds D. all of the above
2. Jackets for boys are_____ A. $35 B. $ 15 C. $70 D. $30
3.A new bookcase is_____. A. $35 B. $ 15 C. $20 D. $30
4. Students might come and buy_____.A. beds B. chairs C. pens D. dressers
5.Murray’s doesn’t have____ on sale.A. dressers B. tables C. chairs D. Beds
八、写出下列基数词和序数词。
1________ ________ 2________ _______ 3________ ________
5_______ _______ 9________ ________ 11________ _________
12________ ________ 13________ ________ 20________ ________
71________ ________ 22________ ________ 83________ ________
28________ ________36________ _________47________ ________
九、(A)用括号内所给数词的正确形式填空。
1. We are in Class________(3).
2.We have____(12)months of the year.December is the _____(12)one.
3. This is my________(1)bag.
4. My birthday is Dec.________(21).
5. I have________(3)books. I like my________(3) book.
(B) 根据汉语提示完成句子。
(1)我们班有50个学生。 There are______ ________in our class.
(2)我出生在6月1日。 I was born on_______ _______.
(3)一小时有六十分钟。 There are ______minutes in _____hour.
(4)母亲节在五月的第二个星期日。Mother’s Day is on the______Sunday in May.
(5)我妹妹今年五岁了。 My little sister is______ _______ _______.
十、选择题。
1. My grandmother is_____ old.
A. seventieth B. seventy year C. seventy years D. seventies
2.________people visit this museum every day.
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. hundred of D. Hundreds of
3. There are two ________people in the meeting room.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
4. We can say the number 78,645 in English like this________.
A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five
B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five
C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five
D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five
5. Monday is the second day, and________.
A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is fifth
C. the second day is Tuesday D. the second day is Thursday
6.“The year 1999”should be read(应该读作)“The year _____.”
A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine
C. one thousand nine hundred ninety-nine
D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine
There are__months in a year. December is the___month of the year.
A.twelve;twelve B.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelve D.twelve; twelveth
8. -What day is it today -It’s___. A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 4th
9. What is five and eight
A. Twelve B. Thirteen C. Fourteen D. Fifteen
10. What _________is Lily in She is in________.
A.Row; row five B.Row; Row FiveC.row; Row Five D.row; row Five