2024年牛津深圳·广州版中考英语解题技巧点拨课件—阅读理解 (四)（推理判断题）

(共46张PPT)
阅读理解
解题技巧点拨 (四)
牛津深圳·广州版 九年级
推理判断题要求学生根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断未知的信息。此类题目不能直接从文中找到答案，学生须根据文章的细节或文章所表达的观点进行推断，不可凭个人臆断进行选择。
阅读理解——推理判断题
命题形式
中考推理判断题多出现于记叙文、说明文中，常考查对文章来源、文章目的、文章或段落内容的推理，其中对文章或段落内容的推理包括考查写作技巧、最佳描述、原因或现象推理等。常见的设问有：
In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article
What is the main purpose of this passage
Which sentence best describes…
How does the writer develop Paragraph…
Why…
解题技巧
此类题目可以根据文章的用词和格式来推断文章的出处，也可以根据文章内容的主题意义来确定文章的出处。
针对文章来源
(　　) The instructions are most probably from ________.
A. a farm owner B. a teacher
C. a news reporter D. a customer
(2021广东阅读A篇节选) We are known for our delicious strawberries. We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences. We'll try our best to create a safe open air environment for our customers…
由画线部分可推断出这篇指示最可能来自一个农场主
例题导读
(　　) The instructions are most probably from ________.
A. a farm owner B. a teacher
C. a news reporter D. a customer
由第一段可知，我们以美味的草莓而闻名。我们邀请您来参观农场，品尝我们的新鲜产品……我们将尽最大努力为客户创造一个安全的露天环境。由此可推测这篇指示最可能来自一个农场主，故选A。
A
(2018年广州阅读理解C篇节选) Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk (垃圾) has become a problem in outer space, too. According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth.
(　　)In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article
A. Environment. B. Local News.
C. Education. D. Fashion.
针对文章目的
判断文章的写作目的，可以从文章的主题句入手，了解文章大意，梳理文章脉络，对作者写这篇文章的目的进行推断。
(　　)What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain the reasons why robots should have faces.
B. To suggest what humans can do with robots with faces.
C. To share ideas on what kind of faces robots should have.
D. To show how scientists invent robots with different faces.
(2023年广州阅读理解C篇第一段) Computer scientist Mary has an idea for a new robot to help her work with children. How should it look The robot should have arms to be able to lift things. And if it is going to communicate with people, it will also need a face. Scientists believe that giving a robot a face can make it seem more friendly. Humans would also like to pay more attention to robots with faces. But what kind
例题导读
关键词对应C选项
(　　)What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain the reasons why robots should have faces.
B. To suggest what humans can do with robots with faces.
C. To share ideas on what kind of faces robots should have.
D. To show how scientists invent robots with different faces.
这篇文章的目的是什么 通读第一段可知，计算机科学家Mary提出一个新的机器人想法，人类希望新的机器人带有面孔，但这是什么类型呢？由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是分享关于机器人应该拥有什么样的面孔的想法，故选C。
C
对文章或段落内容的推理判断主要立足于文章的细节，学生需要从细节中找到线索，总结推理，得出正确答案。
针对文章段落内容
(　　) What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It should be done by historians.
B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It was long-time hard work.
D. It had to use the law-making rules.
(2023年广州阅读理解D篇节选) Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about… For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
例题导读
(　　) What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It should be done by historians.
B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It was long-time hard work.
D. It had to use the law-making rules.
定位到原文第二段
C
例题导读
(2022广东阅读B篇节选) For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn't important for me. What matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do,” Jerry said to a newspaper.
(　　) Jerry's and his friends' adventures have changed ________．
A. their hobbies B. their friendship
C. their understanding of life D. their living conditions
由文章最后一段第二、三、四句可知，这样的冒险使我们以不同的方式看待生活。Jerry认为成为一名伟大的攀登者已经不是那么重要了，重要的是在攀登的过程中做一些有益的事情。由此可推断，杰瑞和他的朋友们的冒险已经改变了他们对生活的理解，故选C。
C
4
针对文章读者
此类题目要先了解文章主旨大意，抓住文章中能提示读者对象的词或句进行判断。
(　　) This passage is mainly written for ________.
A. teachers B. parents
C. children D. the police
例题导读
(2019广东阅读A篇节选)Bullying(欺凌) can happen to anyone. A great many children around the world are bullied every year, but there are things that can be done to help…
What can you do
If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult that you know and like. For example, talk to a parent or a teacher.
(　　) This passage is mainly written for ________.
A. teachers B. parents
C. children D. the police
由文章第一段可知，本文主要是关于儿童被欺凌的建议，且由下文tell an adult、talk to a parent or a teacher可推断出这篇文章主要写给儿童，故选C。
C
语篇训练1
Chinese paper cutting is an art of cutting out pictures from paper. In 2009, the Chinese paper cutting was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Paper cutting originated(起源) in China, which has been around for over 1,500 years. But long before that, when paper wasn't invented, Chinese people already used similar skills to make cutouts on leaves, leather and silk. It reached the top during the Qing Dynasty. From common people to royal families(王室), paper cuttings could be seen everywhere.
In our daily lives, the subjects of the paper cuttings can be anything, from historical events to plants and animals.
In the celebration of the Spring Festival, people usually make cutouts of the Chinese character “Fu” and put them on windows, walls and doors for good luck.
Now more and more people love paper cutting and buy it as gifts for their friends.
( ) In which part of the newspaper would you probably read this passage
A. Travel. B. Culture. C. Science. D. Education.
B
Love is a popular theme in Chinese poems. What symbols do you think best stand for love The heart, rose or chocolate This time we are going to look at a classic Chinese poem, Love Seeds.It was written by a poet called Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty, who had a different understanding of the symbol of love.
In the first two lines, the poet expresses his feelings of missing his friend, who lives in southern China, by describing the growth of red beans in spring. In classic Chinese poems, poets prefer to express feelings in an indirect way. In Chinese culture, red beans are seen as “love seeds”. They have long been used as a symbol of love and loyalty(忠诚).
语篇训练2
In the last two lines, the poet wishes his friend to collect as many red beans as possible, as the beans will bring back his friend's memories to the poet.
Instead of showing love to others by directly saying “I miss you” or using flowery language, this short poem can make readers feel deep love.
( ) What is the purpose of the passage
A. To suggest what people can do to build friendship.
B. To explain how the poet shows loyalty in the poem.
C. To show people how to deeply understand the poem.
D. To discuss why the red bean is important in Chinese culture.
C
语篇训练3
Guangzhou is a great place to travel.Every year, millions of people travel to Guangzhou on National Day.Some of them choose to travel to Guangzhou by plane.
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport is in Baiyun.It is about 28 kilometres away from the centre of Guangzhou.It is a 4F class international airport.And it is one of the most important airports in China.
In 1932, the old Baiyun Airport was built.In 1963, the airport was built again.It became larger than before.In August 2000, the airport began to be built again.After four years, the new Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport was open.
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport is the first airport that was built on the idea of central airport in China.The two central terminal buildings(中心航站楼) are in the middle of the airport.There are 12 waiting corridors(走廊) on both sides of the two central terminal buildings.So it looks like a big cockroach.
( ) What can we learn from the passage about Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport
A．It is the first airport in China.
B．It will be rebuilt after four years.
C．It is the most important airport in China.
D．It has a history of nearly one hundred years.
D
语篇训练4
Sunset Island Tourist Information Center
25 Green Street
Open every day except Sunday, 9：00－17：00
We can help you find a hotel, choose somewhere interesting to eat and plan your day！
Boat trip around Lighthouse Island
Two -hour trip leaves each day at 9：00.
Lunch is included.
Swim in the water！
We Can Help You Plan Your Holiday！
Exciting nightlife!
The club is open every night until 4：00—the latest music every night!
Two free drinks if you arrive before midnight.
Make friends with our wildlife
At Rose Town Reserve, you can get close to
wild horses, deer and parrots.
Easy walks and a great teahouse！
Our island history
Port George Museum is open every day from
10：00－16：00 except Wednesday.
Find out more about the history of our people.
( )Where is the passage most probably from
A. A travel guide. B. A study report.
C. A science book. D. A sports magazine.
A
语篇训练5
How would you like to build a time machine Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need. Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past.
No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.
In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noisemakers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.
About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia. Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.
Over the years, kites have also helped people understand the natural world. In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.
Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane.
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air, people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.
( ) 1. How does the writer develop Paragraph 5
A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers.
C. By comparing facts. D. By giving examples.
( ) 2. What's the purpose of this passage
A. To show people how to fly kites.
B. To explain how kites are used in science.
C. To introduce the roles of kites in history.
D. To discuss the difference among kites worldwide.
D
C
语篇训练6
Teens and kids are reading a lot less for fun, according to a recent report.
Although the decline(下降) in the past ten years is very surprising for teen readers, some data(数据) in the report show that reading is still a big part of many children's lives.
According to the report, the number of teens who hardly read has gone up from 8 percent to 25 percent today. The report data shows that kids' reading ability remains almost the same. However, the amount of reading time has fallen, from about an hour every day to half an hour.
As for children's e-reading, the report mentions little about its effects. But it says that many parents choose to control the time spent on e-books, mainly because they are worried about the increased screen time. After all, it is important to protect their kids' eyes.
The most helpful part in the report is parents' effects on their children. It shows that parents are examples and important guides for them in reading. If parents read more and find more time to read with their children, it turns out that their children actually read more often.
As the summer vacation arrives, parents might take this chance to step in, make a reading list and enjoy the pleasant family reading time.
( ) 1.Why do many parents control e-reading
A. It can waste kids' time.
B. E-books are not so important.
C. It can harm kids' health.
D. E-books are a waste of money.
( ) 2.How should parents encourage children's reading
A. By making reading plans.　　　B. By setting good examples.
C. By praising kids' reading.　　　D. By offering different books.
( ) 3.What's the writing purpose of the last paragraph
A. To prevent e-reading. B. To encourage family reading.
C. To advise family trips. D. To describe vacation pleasure.
C
B
B
语篇训练7
Knife and scissors sharpening was once a popular job decades ago in China. This traditional craft has gradually disappeared from urban life as the business simply became spare over time in modern advanced technology times.
Chen Guangfu, a 79-year-old man, has been doing the traditional business in Shenzhen for 26 years. Most of the time, he travels from one housing area to another with his tools.
Chen is from Bozhou, Anhui Province. In 1961, he learned to forge (锻造) iron when he was 17. In 1997, Chen quit his village job and decided to start his job in Shenzhen as a craftsman to sharpen knives and scissors. He said he likes the job as he is free on deciding his working time, and it also helps to realize the value of life.
Over the past 26 years, the craftsman has experienced the changes of the city, and experienced the gradual disappearance of the old profession.
Since the 1980s, the clothing industry in Shenzhen has flourished (繁荣). And scissors are one of the indispensable tools for making clothes. However, with fewer and fewer clothing factories left now and changes in lifestyle, people tend to buy classier knives and scissors rather than keeping old ones. Knife and scissors sharpeners are therefore rarely to be found in the city today.
“Shenzhen is developing too fast,” Chen said. He has witnessed the rapid development of the city and felt its inclusiveness (包容性) and friendliness. But Chen said he would keep on doing the job as long as he is needed. “Now it doesn't matter to me whether I make money or not from the job. I just want to keep this skill.”
( ) 1.Which words can be used to describe Shenzhen in Chen’s eyes
A. Wealthy, modern and nice.
B. Young, fashionable and beautiful.
C. Developing, inclusive and friendly.
D. International, peaceful and flourishing.
( ) 2.In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage
A. Travel.　　　 B. People.　　　
C. Business.　　　 D. Technology.
C
B
语篇训练8
Wangfujing Bookstore lies in one of the busiest areas of the capital Beijing. It has welcomed a steady stream of customers since the beginning of the Spring Festival in January 2023. Reading areas have been filled with people. Some of them are willing to just sit on the ground to read since seats are always full.
The bookstore's data show that it received more than 100,000 customers in January. It is a sharp increase compared with December 2022. Other bookstores in the city, and even around the country, have also received huge amounts of readers since the beginning of the year.
During the Spring Festival, more than 160 bookstores in Beijing sold over 20 million yuan worth of books.
Bookstore chain brand Zhongshuge's branch in Shenzhen's Baoan district also enjoyed an increase in both customer flow (客流量) and book sales in the first two months of the pared with the same period in 2019, the number of customers increased by 50 percent. “A spring of physical (实体的) bookstores in China is coming soon,” an experienced manager said.
Many physical bookstore managers in Shanghai told the Global Times that book sales and the number of customers in these past two months have been much better than those in the previous two years.
2023 is set to be a very promising year for physical bookstores, according to Cao Yu, the general manager of a bookstore in Shenzhen. He said that in recent weeks his bookstore has had a full schedule of offline events, such as book signings.
( ) 1.What can we infer (推断) from the sentence “A spring of physical bookstores in China is coming soon”
A. The winter has gone and the spring will come soon.
B. The temperature in physical bookstores will go up.
C. Customers seldom go to physical bookstores.
D. The book sales in physical bookstores will grow soon.
( ) 2.Where can we possibly read this passage
A. In a newspaper. B. In a book review.　　　
C. In a travel guide. D. In a physics magazine.
D
A
语篇训练9
One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive car, clearly in need of help. So he stopped his old truck and got out. Although he was smiling, the old lady was worried. Was he going to hurt her He didn't look safe.
The man could see that she was frightened, so in his friendliest voice he said, “I'm here to help you, madam. Why don't you wait in the car where it's warm By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.” Bryan quickly fixed the car and the lady thanked him. Then she asked how much she should pay him.
But Bryan wanted no money. He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble. This was normal for him. He said, “If you really want to repay me, next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me.”
After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small café where she decided to stop for something to eat. As the pretty waitress took her order, the lady noticed she was nearly eight months pregnant. Although the waitress looked tired she was very kind. As the lady was going to pay the $10 bill she remembered Bryan's words.
She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it, “Somebody once helped me the way I'm helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.” Under the note were nine more $100 bills.
Was the old lady an angel The waitress was so excited that she called her husband to tell him the news. “Bryan Anderson my dear...you're not going to believe what just happened...”
( ) 1.What can we learn about the old lady from the story
A. She was never kind to others.
B. She was probably very wealthy.
C. She was usually quite careless.
D. She was not a very good driver.
( ) 2.Which of the following shows the relationship between the man, the lady and the waitress
A. B. C. D.
B
D
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