2024年中考英语真题分类训练-题型一单项选择 分类训练1 名词（含解析）

分类训练1名词
命题点1名词词义辨析
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
1(2022福建)—Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s 　　　　and do more exercise.
—I will. Thank you.
A. advice B. agreement C. information
2(2022吉林)—Alice, could you please pass me the 　　　　 I want to write a letter.
—OK. Here you are.
A. bottle B. pen C. flower
3(2022哈尔滨)—China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.
—We take 　　　　in our great country.
A. advice B. price C. pride
4(2022哈尔滨)The 　　　　is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.
A. panda B. tiger C. elephant
5(2022广西北部湾经济区)—Mary, how about going to the 　　　　
—Good idea. We can read lots of books there.
A. cinema B. library C. hospital
6(2022天津)Most parents think it is a good 　　　　to take a school bus because it's quite safe.
A. risk B. choice C. game D. pity
7(2022安徽)—I do morning exercises every day. It works my whole body.
—It’s a good habit. It helps you keep in good 　　　　.
A. time B. touch C. health D. silence
8(2022江西)Which ice cream do you want, Mary You can’t have all of them. You have to make a 　　　　.
A. wish B. survey C. choice D. call
9(2022云南)Miss Li has lots of teaching 　　　　. She has her own ways to make classes lively and interesting.
A. exercise B. excitement C. experience D. environment
10(2022重庆B卷)It's raining heavily. Please take the 　　　　.
A. stone B. flower C. umbrella D. postcard
11(2022昆明)—Do you know March 21st is World Sleep Day Sleep is important to us.
—Yes. A good sleep gives us 　　　　and makes us happy.
A. truth B. fame C. energy D. culture
12(2022连云港)The hat is not the right 　　　　for me. I'd like a smaller one.
A. size B. style C. colour D. material
13(2022扬州)We do our best for our dreams and a small success can give us a sense of 　　　　.
A. achievement B. department C. treatment D. entertainment
14(2022徐州)From my 　　　　on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city.
A. Tradition B. condition C. position D. situation
15(2022温州)—Jack, I have no idea for the report.
—Me neither. Why don't we ask the teacher for 　　　　
A. help B. jokes C. food D. tickets
16(2022黄冈)—What's your favorite　　　　
—Winter. I can make a snowman.
A. subject B. season C. animal D. sport
17(2022十堰)The 　　　　of oil goes higher and higher because of the war.
A. price B. pride C. progress D. promise
18(2022荆州)—How's the 　　　　in your city
—Not very good. There are always long lines of cars on roads especially on rainy days.
A. food B. weather C. culture D. traffic
19(2022包头)—Why could you write so well
—I read a lot, and the works of Ernest Hemingway had a strong 　　　　on me as a child.
A. attention B. explanation C. situation D. influence
20(2022常州)Although the match is moving in an unexpected 　　　　,our team will win finally, I believe.
A. instruction B. introduction C. position D. direction
21(2022抚顺)Chinese scientists have made great 　　　　in medical research.
A. attention B. progress C. information D. pride
22(2022葫芦岛)The self-service 　　　　makes it convenient for us to borrow books.
A. hotel B. bank C. library D. hospital
23(2022达州)—I want to learn more about the history of the Tang Dynasty.
—Why not use the Internet to find more 　　　　
A. information B. messages C. advice D. discussions
命题点2名词的数
1(2022益阳)Look! There are some 　　　　eating grass on the hill.
A. sheep B. cow C. horse
2(2021广元)Three-fifths of the teachers in our school are 　　　　.
A. man teachers B. men teachers C. woman teachers D. women teacher
命题点3名词所有格
1(2022重庆A卷)This year, the family went camping on 　　　　Day, June 1st.
A. Child B. Child's C. Children D. Children's
2(2022绥化)　　　　 father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world.
A. Tony and Peter's
B. Tony's and Peter
C. Tony's and Peter's
分类训练1　名词
命题点1 名词词义辨析
1.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。advice建议;agreement协议;information信息。——贝蒂,你最好听从医生的建议,多做运动。——我会的。谢谢你。故选A。
2.B　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。根据设空后的"write a letter"可知,上句说话人想要的是钢笔,故所缺的词是pen"钢笔"。
3.C　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。advice"建议";price"价格";pride"骄傲"。take pride in...意为"为……感到骄傲",为固定搭配。——中国成功举办了2008年和2022年的奥运会。——我们为伟大的祖国感到骄傲。故选C。
4.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。结合常识可知,喜欢吃竹子且是中国的国宝的动物是熊猫,故选A。
5.B　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。根据题干中的"We can read lots of books there"可知,所缺的词是library"图书馆"。
6.B　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。句意:大部分父母都认为坐校车是一个好的选择,因为它很安全。risk"风险";choice"选择";game"游戏";pity"遗憾"。故选B。
7.C　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义理解。根据语境可知,此处是说,每天做早操是一个好习惯,它有助于你保持健康,故所缺的词是health"健康"。
8.C　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。根据题干中的"你想要哪个冰激凌"以及"你不能全都要"可知,此处是说,你必须做出"选择",故choice符合题意。wish愿望;survey调查;call通话,喊声。
9.C　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。根据题干中的"她有自己的方法使课堂既生动又有趣"可知,李老师有丰富的教学经验。exercise锻炼;excitement兴奋;experience经验;environment环境。故选C。
10.C　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:雨下得很大。请带伞。故用umbrella。
11.C　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。truth事实;fame名声;energy精力;culture文化。结合常识可知,睡得好能使我们精力十足,故选C。
12.A　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。结合题干中的"I'd like a smaller one"可知,此处是说,这个帽子的尺寸不适合我,故选A。size"尺寸,大小";style"样式,款式";colour"颜色";material"材料"。
13.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。此处是说,小小的成功会给我们一种成就感。a sense of achievement意为"成就感",故选A。
14.C　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。tradition"传统";condition"状况";position"位置";situation"形势"。此处是说从电视塔顶部这个位置,故选C。
15.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。根据题干中的"我不知道如何写报告"及"我也不知道"可知,此处是说,我们为什么不向老师求助呢 ask sb. for help意为"向某人寻求帮助",是固定搭配,故选A。
16.B　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。subject学科;season季节;animal动物;sport运动。根据答语中的"Winter"可知,问句询问的是"你最喜欢的季节是什么",故选B。
17.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。price价格;pride骄傲;progress进步;promise许诺。结合语境及备选项可知,此处是说,因为战争,原油的价格越来越高。故选A。
18.D　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。根据答语中的"There are always long lines of cars on roads"可知,问句问的是交通状况,故所缺的词是traffic。food食物;weather天气;culture文化。
19.D　【解析】　本题考查名词的词义辨析。attention注意;explanation解释,说明;situation情况;influence影响。have a strong influence on sb.意为"对某人产生强大的影响",故D项符合题意。
20.D　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管比赛朝着意料之外的方向发展,但我相信我们队最终会赢。此处表示"朝着意料之外的方向发展",故所缺的词是direction"方向"。instruction"指示,命令";introduction"介绍,引见";position"位置,姿势"。
21.B　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:中国科学家已经在医学研究方面取得了巨大的进展。根据句意可知所缺的词是progress"进步,进展"。
22.C　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。hotel"宾馆";bank"银行";library"图书馆";hospital"医院"。根据题干中的"borrow books"可知,此处是说自助图书馆,故选C。
23.A　【解析】　本题考查名词词义辨析。——我想了解更多关于唐朝的历史。——为什么不上网查找更多的信息呢 information信息;message消息;advice建议;discussion讨论。根据句意可知选A。
命题点2 名词的数
1.A　【解析】　本题考查名词的数。备选项所列单词均为可数名词;根据设空前的"are some"可知此处应用可数名词的复数形式。sheep的复数形式仍为sheep,故选A。
2.B　【解析】　本题考查名词的复数形式。"男老师"的复数形式用men teachers;"女老师"的复数形式用women teachers。故答案为B。
命题点3 名词所有格
1.D　【解析】　本题考查固定搭配。Children's Day意为"儿童节",为固定搭配,故答案为D。
常见节日的英文表达:
Women's Day妇女节　 　Mother's Day母亲节
Children's Day儿童节　 Teachers' Day教师节
2.A　【解析】　本题考查名词所有格。根据设空后的"is a pilot"可知此处是指"托尼和彼得两兄弟的爸爸",应用"Tony and Peter's",故答案为A。