2024届高三英语二轮专题复习第8周作业1（含答案）

English Assignment (1)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节 , 满分50分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Robots are known as the future of technology. Robotics technology has just landed in the workplace and there is a lot of work to do. Below we’ll discuss some of the best and most advanced robots ever made by humans.
Asimo
The primary focus of the robot is to help people. Asimo travels all around the world, making people aware how robots can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a soccer ball. The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Honda (Japan)
Sophia
It is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressions just like humans. Sophia is primarily designed for education, research and entertainment. It travels throughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.
Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong, China)
Atlas
Its body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and balance itself on diverse terrains (地形). The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but some favourite tasks are running, jumping and turnover movements. Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers and negotiating through diverse terrains.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
Spot
Spot is an animal robot, or say a dog robot, because it looks very similar to a dog. Spot can search around your office, home, playground etc. as a normal dog usually does. Spot has some outstanding functions like it can map your environment, sense barriers, lift packages and more.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
1．Which of the following characterizes Asimo
A．Its high speed. B．Its facial expressions.
C．Its language ability. D．Its communication skills.
2．Which robot is created by China
A．Asimo. B．Sophia. C．Atlas. D．Spot.
3．What do Atlas and Spot have in common
A．They can change their body shapes. B．They can carry small packages.
C．They can help do some housework. D．They can detect barriers around.
B
A Malawian woman, Gloria Majiga-Kamoto, was recently awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize for Africa — the world’s leading award for grassroots environmental activists.
Gloria Majiga-Kamoto was then working for a local environmental organization with a program that gave goats to rural farmers, who would use the goat waste to produce low-cost, high-quality organic fertilizer (肥料). The problem The thin plastic bags covering the Malawian countryside. “We have this very common street food, chiwaya, which is salty and served in little blue plastics,” Majiga-Kamoto says. “Goats eat the plastic for salty taste and they die because it blocks the ingestion (摄食) system.” For her, this was the moment when it all changed. All of a sudden, she started noticing how plastics were everywhere in the Malawian environment and food system-affecting people’s living and health.
“I remember back in the day when we’d go to the market and buy things like fish, you’d get it in newspapers,” the 30-year-old says. But thin plastics took off in the last decade or so as new producers sprung up in Malawi, selling products like thin plastic bags at cheap prices. In fact, the Malawian government decided to ban the importation, production and distribution of single-use plastic in 2015. But before the ban could go into full effect, Malawi’s plastics-producing industry appealed to the country’s High Court against the ban, causing it to be suspended.
When Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this, they were annoyed. She organized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban would hurt Malawi’s economy — and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Court ruled in favor of the ban. The following year, the government began closing down illegal plastic producers.
Michael Sutton, executive director of the Goldman Environmental Foundation, said, “Majiga-Kamoto’s fight with the plastic industry is a perfect example of the spirit of the prize.”
4．What made Majiga-Kamoto realize the problem
A．Her experience with plastic-eating goats. B．Her discovery of goat waste everywhere.
C．Her doubt about the safety of street food. D．Her care for the farmers living in poverty.
5．What can we learn about Malawi
A．It used to be extremely rich in fish. B．It advocated using thin plastic bags.
C．It failed to ban single-use plastic at first. D．It relied heavily on the plastic industry.
6．What was the purpose of Majiga-Kamoto’s acts in Paragraph 4
A．To put the ban into effect. B．To support the government.
C．To back the plastic industry up. D．To promote Malawi’s economy.
7．Which of the following best describes Majiga-Kamoto
A．Humble. B．Generous. C．Patient. D．Committed.
C
Honeybees understand that “nothing” can be “something” that has numerical meaning, showing that they have a primitive grasp of the concept of zero, according to a newly-published study in Science.
Previous experiments have shown that honeybees have some facility for numbers, because they were able to count landmarks (地标) as they searched around for a sweet reward. But in these tests, the insects couldn’t count very high-only to about four. Still, that made researchers in Australia and France want to explore what else the bees could do with numbers.
Scarlett Howard at RMIT University in Melbourne attracted bees to a wall where they were presented with two square cards. Each card had a different number of black symbols, such as dots or triangles. Howard trained one group of bees to understand that sugar water would always be located under the card with the least number of symbols. “They could come and see two circles versus (与. . . 相对) three circles, or four triangles versus one triangle,” she explains. The bees quickly learned to fly to the card with the fewest symbols,
But then they got another test, The researchers presented the bees with a card that had a single symbol and a blank card that had nothing on it. The bees seemed to understand that “zero” was less than one, because they flew toward the blank card more often than you’d expect if they were choosing at random. “When we showed them zero-versus six, they did that at a much higher level than zero versus one,” Howard says. “So what tells us is that they consider zero as an actual quantity along the number line.”
Aurore Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University of Toulouse, points out even very young children have trouble understanding that zero is a number. “It’s easy for them to count ‘one, two, three, four,’ but zero, it’s not something to count,” she explains. What’s more, the brains of bees are incredibly tiny brains compared with the brains of humans. Even so, the bees can understand the abstract concept of an empty set and she says she found that very surprising.
8．What did the earlier studies find about bees
A．They could fly higher than expected. B．They could understand some numbers.
C．They could remember a reward well. D．They could explore local landmarks.
9．What did bees learn to do in Howard’s first test
A．Distinguish circles from triangles. B．Draw various symbols on the cards.
C．Identify the smaller of the two numbers. D．Locate sugar water with symbol shapes.
10．Why did bees fly to the blank card more frequently
A．They were told the location of the reward. B．They chose to do it thoroughly by chance.
C．They preferred the card with nothing on it. D．They thought of zero as an actual number.
11．Why are young children mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To argue that bees have a surprising memory.
B．To show that bees’ gift for numbers is amazing.
C．To explain that bees learn as well as young children.
D．To confirm that bees are smarter than young children.
D
Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
12．What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Stop. B．Decrease. C．Continue. D．Disappear.
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Ways of storing hydrogen safely. B．Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C．Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel. D．Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
14．What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean
A．The application of solar power devices. B．The method of identifying water elements.
C．The invention. of the water transport system. D．The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
15．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B．Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C．How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D．What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about. ____16____
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____17____ Give your child a sense of responsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day or not.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!____18____ By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet, both of them will get the exercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____19____
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet. ____20____ It’s best to introduce the potential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that there is a healthy connection.
A．Treat others well.
B．Form a close bond with a friend.
C．Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”.
D．But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage.
E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children.
F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons.
第二部分 完形填空: 阅读下面短文，然后从所给选项中选出最佳答案。（每小题1分）
I’ve had a string of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I planned to fix it myself but soon ____21____ the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the ____22____ thing happened to my daughter’s washing machine! This time I ____23____ called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond ____24____. I ended up having to ____25____ two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still ____26____ about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my ____27____ traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma ____28____ an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn’t have a spin dryer (甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to ____29____the water. When the washing was done, she’d often pat the machine ____30____. She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was ____31____ for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the ____32____ way. I was getting ____33____ in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of ____34____ and joys. And so do the good new days. What ____35____ is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
21．A．regretted B．remembered C．denied D．appreciated
22．A．usual B．same C．funny D．amazing
23．A．even B．still C．ever D．already
24．A．recognition B．control C．repair D．compare
25．A．sell B．order C．return D．fix
26．A．lied B．cared C．complained D．argued
27．A．memory B．dream C．doubt D．fear
28．A．covering B．decorating C．loading D．equipping
29．A．purify B．remove C．hold D．absorb
30．A．firmly B．hurriedly C．wildly D．lovingly
31．A．grateful B．eager C．sorry D．responsible
32．A．ideal B．proper C．wrong D．traditional
33．A．carried away B．caught up C．turned down D．taken over
34．A．purposes B．duties C．excuses D．struggles
35．A．matters B．remains C．works D．happens
II卷
语法填空
A
Smart cities may have their own unique objectives but ____1____ they have in common is an understanding that Internet of Things technologies can improve efficiency and quality of life.
Indeed, smart city apps have shown they can help a city contain the spread of a pandemic (大流行病), helping to turn the economy from decrease to ____2____ (grow). We have seen some smart city apps in many parts of China.
A popular payment app in China has developed a smart system which ____3____(call) the Health Code. It uses red, yellow, or green symbols ____4___ (identify) whether a person is potentially a high- risk candidate. The smart system began as one of the functions of the payment app, a function which was ____5____(original) intended for the app’s staff in China, and later developed as a national standard function in some popular apps. Now the smart system, the Health Code, has a new function which ____6____ (indicate) whether a person can enter public places through analyzing the data ___7____ (collect) to see whether that person has had contact with those who have picked up a pandemic disease. The Health Code has avoided the need to over-tighten social distancing measures that could result ____8____ a huge economic loss while at the same time picking out possible infection ____9____ (case), and it’s managed to reduce infection rates in cities ____10_____ it has been used.
B
In 1998, an eco-museum was established in Suojia Miao, Yi and Hui Township, China’s Guizhou Province. Consisting of 12 villages, including Gaoxing Village, the eco-museum is different from traditional ones. It isn’t enclosed by walls and____1____ it showcases is more than various collections.
Xiong Shaozhen, a 77-year-old resident of Gaoxing Village, weaves every day with a loom (织布机) in a wooden house, her daughter-in-law busy____2____( learn )the craft from her．“The costumes, language, music and even the way of production of the local community are all living ____3____(significance) exhibits,” said Luo Gang, head of the museum.
A decade ago,Gaoxing Village____4____(list) in a traditional Chinese villages catalog (目录).However,Luo found there were few looms left in the village.He____5____(apply) for a budget from relevant departments and invited professional craftsmen to produce looms for the villagers. He asked each villager that received the machine____6____(use)it and train an inheritor (继承者) of the local weaving technique. In addition, most of the old folk houses with their____7____(roof) made of straw needed regular replacement and Luo had their original appearance ____8____(restore).
There are 25 such eco-museums in the province, which are in line ____9____ sustainable development principles. Not only do they guide villagers to perform independent-management and activate their passion for preserving their traditional cultures, but they create more jobs and give ____10____boost to local tourism.
II卷
Assignment 1答题纸
Name __________ Class ______ Number ______
语法填空（满分30分，目标分数________）
A
_____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________
_____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10._____________
B
_____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________
_____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10._____________
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a
第8周作业1答案
阅读：CBD ACAD BCDB BCDA GFDAE
完型填空：DBACB CACBD ACBDA
语法填空：
A 1．what 2．growth 3．is called 4．to identify 5．originally
6．indicates 7．collected 8．in 9．cases 10．where
B 1．what 2．learning 3．significant 4．was listed 5．applied
6．to use 7．roofs 8．restored 9．with 10．a