2024年译林版中考英语备战句型转换专练(1)
题号 一 总分
得分
一、句型转换:本大题共50小题,共100分。
1.He didn't catch the last bus, so he had to go back on foot.
He had to walk back ______ he ______ the last bus.
2.He realized what happened after the earthquake stopped.(保持句意基本不变)
He realize what happened the earthquake stopped.
Anyone will fall behind if he doesn t have a good learning habit. (保持句意基本不变)
Anyone will fall behind he a good learning habit.
Orange creates a feeling of warmth in cold winter. (改为一般疑问句)
orange a feeling of warmth in cold winter
Government requires young people to chase their dreams. (改为被动语态)
Young people to chase their dreams.
If he doesn't study hard, he won't make progress. (保持句意基本不变)
He won't make progress he hard.
You can't go to public places if you don't wear a mask.(保持句意基本不变)
You can't go to public places you a mask.
Hobo has to post a letter for Eddie this time. (改为否定句)
Hobo to post a letter for Eddie this time.
The scarf Mary sent to me last week looks fashionable. (改为一般疑问句)
the scarf Mary sent to me last week fashionable?
10.He read the letter loudly so that his grandpa would buy a gift for him. (对划线部分提问)
he read the letter loudly
11.The lazy boy spread his things all over the floor. (改为一般疑问句)
the lazy boy his things all over the floor
12.He's already finished the whole project alone. (改为否定句)
He fished the whole project alone .
13.Most people would rather watch films online than go to the cinema at present. (保持句意不变)Most people watching films online going to the cinema at present.
14.The two-year-old girl laid the wet towel on the bed.(改为一般疑问句)
the two-year-old girl the wet towel on the bed
15.My uncle plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time.(对划线部分提问)
your uncle plan to buy a robot
16.Could you tell us When does the band start playing this evening (两句合并成一句)
Could you tell us ______ the band ______ playing this evening?
17.My father stayed there for five years.(就画线部分提问)
__________________ your father ______ there
18.She wants to try on Size M.(就画线部分提问)
__________________ she want to try on
19.We met our friends at the airport.(就画线部分进行提问)
____________ you ______ your friends
20.They hurried to the bus stop.(就画线部分提问)
____________ they ____________
21.Maria did her homework last night.(就画线部分提问)
____________ Maria ______ last night
22.The sound of the music was becoming lower and lower and finally we couldn't hear any.(改写句子,句意不变)
The sound of the music was and finally we couldn't hear any.
23.They finished their homework quickly.(就画线部分提问)
____________ they ______ quickly
24.Both he and his deskmate have passed the exam. (改为否定句)
he nor his deskmate passed the exam.
25.Drinking too much is harmful to your health.(改为同义句)
Drinking too much ________________________ your health.
26.My uncle has already gone to New York. (改为否定句)
My uncle ______ gone to New York ______.
27.I was cooking. My mother came back.(用when连接句子)_______________________________________________________________________________
28.I buy something in the supermarket.(改为一般过去时的否定句)
I ___________________________ in the supermarket.
John played basketball with his friends yesterday.(就画线部分提问)
______________ John _______ basketball with yesterday
I passed the exam successfully. 同义句转换
I ___________________________ the exam.
The last time I was there was last week.(就画线部分提问)
______________ the last time you were there
32.They arrived here by subway. (就画线部分提问)
____________ they ______ here
33.Hurry up, or you will not catch the bus.(改为同义句)
If you __________________ , you will not catch the bus.
34.She is looking for her bike.(就画线部分提问)
____________ she ______
35.She has made up her mind that she won't do that again.
She has to do that again.
36. I have been a member of Chess Club for 5 years. (改为同义句)
I the Chess Club 5 years .
37.Jack's mother is going to China for a visit this month.(就画线部分提问)
____________ Jack's mother ____________ China for a visit
38. John didn't have his dinner and went to bed last night. (保持句意基本不变)
John ________ to bed ________ his dinner last night.
39.They didn't come to my birthday party because they had lots of homework to do.(对划线部分提问)
they come to your birthday party?
40.It took me half an hour to do homework yesterday. (同义句转换)
I ______ half an hour ______ homework yesterday.
41.Little Jenny lost her way when she was shopping with Tom in the mall.(改为否定句)
Little Jenny__________ her way when she was shopping with Tom in the mall.
42.They got up early in the morning to see the sunrise.(对划线句部分提问)
______ ______ they get up early in the morning?
43.The cook was too busy to notice the overcooked soup.(保持句意基本不变)
The cook was ______ busy that he ______ notice the overcooked soup.
44.We’ll have a football match after school.(改为同义句) We’ll have a football match when school ________________ .
45.The twins had a good time at the new amusement park. (改为反义疑问句)
The twins had a good time at the new amusement park,______ ?
46.We are able to make our Chinese dream come true if we study hard enough.(改写句子,句意不变)
We study hard enough so that we ______ our Chinese dream.
47.He kept the light on in his bedroom last night.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ the light on in his bed room last night.
48.The workers have just finished the repair of thetall building near the Bund.(划线部分提问)
______ the workers finished near the Bund?
49.Karen spent a long time looking at the displays. (改为否定句)
Karen______ a long time looking at the displays.
50.Hurry up,or you will miss the first flight to San Francisco.(保持原句意思不变)
______ you ______ hurry up,you will miss the first flight to San Francisco.
答案和解析
1.【答案】because; missed
【解析】句意:他没赶上最后一班车所以只好走回去。因为他错过了最后一班车他只好走回去。so表示所以,前后是因果关系,这里下文换成because引导的原因状语从句,catch赶上,否定表示错过miss,过去式missed,故答案是because; missed。
同义句转换主要是考查对句型的活用,同一个内容多种形式表达的能力。在做题时要注意,①应弄清楚所给句子的内容和句式结构,试题填空部分与原句的对应关系,表达形式。②根据所给空位,确定同义的句式和恰当的词语。③对特殊结构的句型和习惯表达要仔细斟酌。
2.【答案】didn't
until
【解析】句意:地震停止后他意识到发生了什么。此句也可用not…until…“直到……才……”表达。原句为一般过去时,应该用助动词did,与not合并为didn't。故填didn't;until。
3.【答案】unless
has
【解析】句意:如果没有良好的学习习惯,任何人都会落后。此题为同义句转换,可以改为“除非有良好的学习习惯,否则任何人都会落后”,因此第一个空用“unless”,意为“除非”;从句时态为一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词应把have变为has,因此第二个空用“has”。故填unless;has。
4.【答案】Does
create
【解析】句意:橙色在寒冷的冬天营造出温暖的感觉。根据“creates”可知,时态是一般现在时,且句中含实义动词;在一般疑问句中,主语是不可数名词,故将助动词does提到句首,谓语动词create用其原形。故填Does;create。
5.【答案】are required
【解析】句意:政府要求年轻人追逐自己的梦想。原句是一般现在时,其被动语态的构成是be+过去分词,主语是Young people,be动词用are,require的过去分词是required。故填are required。
6.【答案】unless
studies
【解析】句意:如果他不努力学习,他就不会进步。原句是if引导的条件状语从句,可以替换为unless引导的条件句,意为“除非”。主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。主语he为第三人称单数,谓语动词用study的三单形式。故填unless;studies。
7.【答案】unless
wear
【解析】句意:如果不你戴口罩,你就不能去公共场所。if...not...=unless,此处可用unless进行同义替换,所以“if you don't wear a mask”可以替换成“unless you wear a mask”。故填unless;wear。
8.【答案】doesn't
have
【解析】句意:Hobo这次得替Eddie寄信。情态动词have to变否定句时要用助动词来构成,句中是has to,故用doesn't否定,助动词后用动词原形。故填doesn't;have。
9.【答案】Does
look
【解析】句意:玛丽上周送给我的围巾看起来很时髦。由原句looks推断本句为一般现在时态,主语The scarf 为第三人称单数,改为一般疑问句需在句首加助动词Does,原looks恢复原形。故填Does;look。
10.【答案】Why did
【解析】句意:他大声读这封信,以便爷爷给他买礼物。划线部分是目的状语,用特殊疑问词why来提问,句首单词首字母w需大写;由“would buy”可知,目的状语从句用一般过去时,主句也用一般过去时,疑问句的助动词用did。故填Why;did。
11.【答案】Did
spread
【解析】句意:这个懒惰的男孩把他的东西撒得满地都是。句子是含有实义动词的一般过去时,变一般疑问句时借助助动词 did,放句首时首字母大写,其后加动词原形spread“展开”。故填Did;spread。
12.【答案】hasn't
yet
【解析】句意:他已经一个人完成了整个项目。句子是现在完成时,变否定句时在助动词has后加not,has not=hasn't;且变否定句时把already“已经”改为yet“还”,放句尾。故填hasn't;yet。
13.【答案】prefer
to
【解析】句意:现在大多数人宁愿在网上看电影也不愿去电影院。改为同义句可用prefer doing sth. to doing sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”;结合“at present”可知用一般现在时,主语是复数,prefer用动词原形。故填prefer;to。
14.【答案】Did
lay
【解析】句意:这个两岁的女孩把湿毛巾放在床上。原句由“laid”推断为实义动词型的一般过去时态,其变一般疑问句要用助动词Did,并将过去式laid恢复原形成lay。故填Did;lay。
15.【答案】Why does
【解析】句意:我叔叔计划买一个机器人以便于他可以有更多的空闲时间。原句画线部分“so that he can have more free time”是目的状语,因此选定疑问词Why;再将原句剩余部分变为一般疑问句,原句是一般现在时,主语“My uncle”是第三人称单数,需要借助动词does来完成。故填Why does。
16.【答案】when;starts
【解析】原句句意:你能告诉我们吗?乐队今晚什么时候开始演奏?合并后句意:你能告诉我们今晚乐队什么时候开始演奏吗?原句是特殊疑问句,疑问副词when作宾语从句的连词,宾语从句用陈述句语序,时态是一般现在时,从句主语band是单数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式starts。故填when;starts。
17.【答案】How long did; stay
【解析】how long多久,划线部分是对持续的时间段提问,故用特殊疑问词组how long;原句是含有实意动词的一般过去时的句子,变特殊疑问句需要借助助动词did构成,did后接动词原形,stayed的动词原形是stay,句首第一个字母要大写,故填How long did; stay。
18.【答案】What size does
【解析】句意:她想试下M号。她想试什么尺寸?对物品的尺码进行提问用疑问词组 what size,原句谓语动词是wants,变为疑问语序时要借助助动词does。故填What size does。
19.【答案】Where did;meet
【解析】由画线部分可知,本题询问地点,所以疑问词是where;由所给句子中的谓语动词met可知该句是一般过去时态,所以在主语前加助动词did构成疑问语序,然后将动词met改为原形meet。故填Where did;meet.
20.【答案】Where did; hurry to
【解析】句意:他们匆忙去汽车站。提问后句意:他们匆忙去哪?根据划线部分可知为地点,因此用where提问;原句为一般过去时,因此借助助动词did,动词用原形。故填Where did;hurry to。
21.【答案】What did; do
【解析】对划线部分提问,划线部分为做某事,用what“什么”提问,且是一般过去时,要借助助动词do的过去式来提问,句中用动词原形do,故填What did; do。
22.【答案】dying; down
【解析】句意:音乐声变的越来越低最终我们一点也听不到了。句中 becoming lower and lower 表示变的越来越低,也就是消弱了,可以用die down来表示,原句时态过去进行时was+doing,die的现在分词是dying,故答案是dying down。
23.【答案】What did; finish
【解析】对作宾语名词的提问用what;本句为一般过去时,动词为实义动词,其特殊疑问句要借助于did,主语they后用动词原形。故填What did; finish。
24.【答案】Neither; has
【解析】原句句意:他和他的同桌都通过了考试。否定句句意:他和她的同桌都没有通过考试。原句both ...and…两者都,否定结合nor用neither...nor…,表示“既不……也不……”,可连接任意两个并列的成份;连接并列主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则,与deskmate一致,为单数名词,这里是现在完成时,故助动词使用has,故填Neither; has。
25.【答案】 does; harm; to
【解析】句意:喝太多的酒对你健康有害。be harmful to和do harm to同义,意为“对……有害”。由于主语drinking too much是第三人称单数,故do要用第三人称单数does,故填does; harm; to。
26.【答案】hasn't; yet
【解析】句意:我的叔叔已经去纽约了。原句是现在完成时的句子,变否定句在助动词has后加not构成,同时already需要变为yet。改为否定句句意为:我的叔叔还没有去纽约。故填hasn't; yet。
27.【答案】I was cooking when my mother came back.
【解析】原句句意:我正在烧饭。我的妈妈回来了。改成用when引导的时间状语从句,句意为:当我的妈妈回来的时候,我正在烧饭。故填 I was cooking when my mother came back.
28.【答案】 didn't; buy; anything
【解析】句意:我在超市里买一些东西。考查否定句。buy是实义动词,一般过去时态变否定句用助动词did后加not,缩写为didn't,其后接动词原形;something“一些东西”,用于肯定句,在否定句中改为“anything任何东西”,故填didn't buy anything。
29.【答案】Who did;play
【解析】画线部分是对人提问,故用特殊疑问词who;原句是含有实义动词的一般过去时的句子,故变疑问句需要借助助动词did构成,同时实义动词恢复动词的原形play。对画线部分提问之后句意为:昨天放学后John同谁打篮球了 句首第一个字母要大写,故填Who did; play。
30.【答案】 succeeded in passing
【解析】原句句意:我成功地通过了考试。do sth. successfully=succeed in doing sth.意为,“成功地做某事”。根据原句为一般过去时,可知,此处也用一般过去时,故填 succeeded in passing。
31.【答案】When was
【解析】句中画线部分last week(上周)为时间状语,对其提问用when。且原句中含有be动词was,变成疑问句时提到主语前,故填When was。
32.【答案】How; did; arrive
【解析】句意:他们乘地铁到达这里。根据句意分析,这里对方式进行提问,要用疑问副词how,句中谓语动词是过去式,变为疑问句时要借助助动词did,后面跟动词原形。故填 How; did; arrive。
33.【答案】don't hurry up
【解析】原句是肯定祈使句,可以同if引导的条件状语从句进行同义转换。句意为:如果你不快点,你将赶不上公共汽车。此句是由if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则。从句中的主语是第二人称,并且含有行为动词,故变否定句需要借助助动词do+not构成,同时行为动词用原形,故填don't hurry up。
34.【答案】 What is; doing
【解析】句意:她正在找她的自行车。划线部分提问,可知是问她正在做什么,所以用疑问代词what,此处时态为现在进行时be+动词ing,主语是she,所以be动词用is。故答案为 What is; doing。
35.【答案】decided; not
【解析】原句句意:她下决心将不会再那么做了。make one's mind to do sth翻译为下定决心做某事=dicide to do sth,此处为现在完成时态,因此decide要用其过去分词,decided,下决心不做某事为固定搭配dicide not to do sth,在动词不定式前加not。故填decided not。
36.【答案】joined; ago
【解析】句意:我当了5年象棋俱乐部的成员。可以表达为“5年前我参加了象棋俱乐部。”,用一般过去时态。时间状语用5 years ago五年前。谓语动词用join,加入,其过去式是joined。故填joined; ago。
37.【答案】When; is; going; to
【解析】句意:杰克的妈妈打算这个月去中国参观。划线部分“this month”表示时间,对其提问用when。本句中是现在进行时表将来,并且句子的主语是第三人称单数,所以be动词用is。注意句首字母要大写。故填When; is; going; to。
38.【答案】went; without
【解析】句意:约翰昨晚没有吃饭就睡觉了。结合上文是说没吃晚饭就睡觉,这里是一般过去时.故went,without表示没有…,故填went,without.
39.【答案】Why
didn't
【解析】句意:他们没有参加我的生日聚会因为他们有很多作业要做。划线部分是because引导的原因状语从句,提问用疑问词why,然后把未划线部分变成一般疑问句,原句时态为一般过去时,didn't调到主语前面,故填Why didn't。
40.【答案】spent;doing
【解析】句意:昨天我花了半小时做家庭作业。结合句意是表示花时间做某事,结合主语是人I,故用spend+时间+doing sth,这里是一般过去时,spend的过去式是spent,故填spent; doing。
41.【答案】didn't; lose
【解析】根据题意要把原句改为否定句,原句为一般过去时,改为否定句时需要借助于助动词did的否定形式didn't,后接lost的动词原形lose。故填didn't lose
42.【答案】Why;did
【解析】答案:Why,did.划线部分是动词不定式做目的状语,提问用疑问词why,后加一般疑问句语序,这里是一般过去时,借助于did,故答案是Why,did.
他们早上起早去看日出.
他们为什么早上起早?
对划线部分提问要分析划线部分在句子中的成分,即可找出恰当的特殊疑问词,特殊疑问词之后紧跟一般疑问句.
43.【答案】so;didn't
【解析】答案:so,didn't。结合上文too…to do sth太……而不能……,下文的that从句,联想到用so…that如此……以至于,来互换,that引导的结果状语从句,这里是过去的事情用一般过去时,notice是实意动词,借助于助动词did加上not构成否定,缩写是didn't,故答案是so,didn't。
厨师太忙碌没有留意煮过了的汤。
厨师是如此忙碌以至于没有留意煮过了的汤。
本题考查的是句型转换中的同义句转换,可以理解原句,掌握其中的语法结构,再来进行句型转换。"too+形容词/副词+动词不定式"结构简称为"too…to…"结构。这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型,在大多数情况下表示否定意义,在翻译时,通常可译为"太……而不能……"、"太……无法……".
44.【答案】is over
【解析】句意:放学后我们有一场足球比赛。be over结束。after school意为“放学后”,相当于when引导的时间状语从句when school is over(当放学的时候),时态是一般现在时,主语是school,谓语动词第三人称单数形式。结合句意,故填is over。
45.【答案】didn't they
【解析】反义疑问句一般遵循前肯定则后否定,前否定则后肯定的原则,并且疑问部分时态,人称要与前文保持一致.前面是肯定,故这里用否定,故用they替代The twins.had是have的过去式,故用变一般过去时得助动词did.
故答案是didn't they.
双胞胎在新的娱乐园玩的很开心.
双胞胎在新的娱乐园玩的很开心,是吗?
本题考查了反义疑问句的有关知识.解答时注意:反义疑问句一般遵循前肯定则后否定,前否定则后肯定的原则,并且疑问部分时态,人称要与前文保持一致
46.【答案】can achieve
【解析】答案:can achieve.
上文是if引导的条件状语从句,下文是so that引导的目的状语从句,学习足够努力的目的是为了实现梦想,be able to与can同义,后加动词原形achieve实现,故答案是can achieve.
如果我们学习足够努力我们能让我们的中国梦成真.
我们学校足够努力那样我们就能实现中国梦.
做这类题一定要在理解全句大意的基础上,判断词语在句中的确切含义,作出进一步剖析
47.【答案】didn't;keep
【解析】答案:didn't keep.原句是一般过去时,kept是动词keep保持的过去式,是实意动词,改为否定句时需借助于助动词did后加上not构成didn't,后面用动词原形keep,故答案是didn't keep.
昨晚他的卧室的灯一直亮着.
昨晚他的卧室的灯没有一直亮着.
含有be动词,情态动词或者助动词have/has的句子转化成否定时在其后面加上not,一般实意动词的否定式,通常应根据不同 时态和人称在实意动词之前加don’t,doesn’t,didn’t等
48.【答案】What have
【解析】正确答案:What have.
划线部分是对内容的提问,选用特殊疑问词what,其次句子是现在完成时(have/has+done),所以时态要保持一致,故此处填写What have.
工人们刚刚完成外滩附近这座高楼的修理工作.工人在外滩附近完成了什么?
本题考查对划线部分进行提问,根据划线部分内容确定疑问词,注意时态保持一致,首字母要大写.
49.【答案】didn't spend
【解析】考查否定句.由spent过去式.可知,一般过去时态,变否定句在实意动词前加didn't.实意动词用原形spend.
故答案是:didn't spend.
--凯伦花了很长时间看展览.
--凯伦没花很长时间看展览.
考查否定句.通常是在be动词,情态动词后加not.一般现在时态,主语不是第三人称单数用don't,主语是第三人称单数用doesn't.一般过去时态用didn't.还有其它用法需要牢记.
50.【答案】If;don't
【解析】答案:If …don't.根据原句句意:赶快,否则你就会错过去旧金山的第一班航班.及改过后句子的时态,可知可以换成条件状语从句,表示如果你不快点,if表示如果,可引导条件状语从句,且又if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现的规则,从句一应是一般现在时,主语是you,否定借助于don't,故答案是If …don't.
赶快,否则你就会错过去旧金山的第一班航班.
如果你不快点,你就会错过去旧金山的第一班航班.
本题主要考查同义句转换.主要根据句意,将简单句和主从复合句相互转换
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