Unit 6 Nurturing nature-2023-2024学年高二下册英语单元速记 巧练（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）
Unit 6 话题 保护自然环境和自然遗产
词汇 steadily, massive, delicate, splendid, leisure, wander, scenery, economy, disturb, operator, candidate, applicant, favour, advertise, genuine, salary, preference, qualification
短语 at one’s leisure, in favour of, overcome the challenges, among the top concerns, catch one’s eye, bring…to life, in harmony with, use up, highlight the importance of, be made up of, under threat, in addition to
句型 动词-ing形式作状语 with的复合结构的常见形式 even though = even if 即使,纵然;尽管,虽然
语法 现在完成进行时
写作 招聘广告
考点1.. wind v. 蜿蜒；缠绕；上发条；使喘不过气来；n. 风；弯曲
The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”. 当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“铁路如巨龙蜿蜒于山间”这句话显得格外生动。
wind up 上发条;(指人)终于到达某处,安顿;使结束(讲话等);把(尤指车窗)摇上
wind sth. into a ball 把……绕成一团
wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进
wind down (指钟表)慢下来后停住;使(业务、活动等)逐步结束;把(汽车窗玻璃等)摇下
单句语法填空
He ___________(wind) the bandage tightly round his ankle.
Before I wind ___________, I’d like to make one final point.
She wound ___________the driver’s window and called to him.
【答案】1. wound 2. up 3. down
考点2.. protect v. 保护
How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
(1) protection n. 保护;防卫 protective adj. 保护的;防护的
protect...from/against... 保护……免遭…… under the protection of 在……的保护下
(2) 辨析：defend/guard/protect
defend指“保卫,防御”,可指战争时候的防御阵地,也可指在体育比赛中的防守
guard指“守卫,监视或戒备”,通常侧重指警惕性非常高的防卫或戒备潜在的危险
protect指“保护……以免遭受危险或伤害等”,强调“保护”作用
选词填空: defend, guard, protect
We should ___________our eyes from too strong sunlight.
They ___________very well in that game.
Several dogs ___________the house against strangers.
【答案】1. protect 2. defended 3. Guard
考点3.. located adj. 坐落在，位于
Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. 这是世界上海拔最高的火车站,海拔5 000多米。
be located at 位于……位置
locate v. 找出;设置;位于
location n. 位置;地点 on location 外景拍摄
locational adj. 位置上的
完成句子
该山谷住宅可以建立在任何地方,即使很小的场地也能容得下。
The Valley House can ______________________any areas, constrained by a small site.
这部影片的外景完全是在意大利拍摄的。
The movie was shot entirely ______________________in Italy.
在农村地区创办企业享有税收减免。
There are tax breaks for businesses that ______________________rural areas.
【答案】1. be located at 2. on location 3. locate in
考点4.. present v. 呈现；赠送；n. 现在，目前；礼物；adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的
In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. 在这样的地方,稀薄的空气、多变的天气和高强度的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。
at the present time = at present = now 目前;现在 be present at 出席
present sth. to sb. = present sb. with sth. 把……交给某人;把……授予某人
present sb. to sb. 把某人介绍/引见给某人
完成句子
校规要求我们必须按时到校。
The school regulations require us to ______________________school on time.
他送给她一束用报纸包着的花。
He ______________________a bunch of flowers wrapped in newspaper.
我把你引见给我的朋友,好吗
May I ________________ you ________________my friend
【答案】1. be present at 2. presented her with 3. present; to
考点5.. reach out 伸出
Guona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface. 国纳湖离铁路那么近,近得让我想伸手去摸一下它淡蓝色的镜子般的湖面。
reach out to 把手伸向,表示愿意提供援助 reach out for 伸手去拿;急切寻求
reach for 伸手去拿
完成句子
我们要有足够的自信,向他们伸出我们的手。
We should be confident enough to ______________________ them.
他没有伸手去拿书。
He did not ______________________ a book.
【答案】1. reach out to 2. reach out for
考点6.. involve v. 包括，包含；牵涉，卷入；影响；需要
It encourages people to be responsible travelers and involves educating them about the natural world. 它鼓励人们成为负责任的旅行者,包括教育他们了解自然世界。
be involved in 参与;牵涉进;陷入;专注于 be/get involved with 参与;卷入
involve sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 使某人/物介入(做)某事
单句语法填空
I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students __________learning.
The operation involves __________ (put) a small tube into his heart.
He didn’t take his parents’ advice and was soon involved __________trouble.
Get involved __________someone else and your mind will take a turn as well.
【答案】1. in 2. putting 3. in 4. with
考点7.. be concerned about/for 担心;关心;挂念
As tourism develops, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment. 随着旅游业的发展,人们越来越关注环境。
(1) concern n. 关心;忧虑；vt. 涉及;使担忧;对……感兴趣
show/express (great) concern about... 对……表示(非常)关心/担心
concern oneself with/in/about sth 忙于某事;关心某事
(2) concerned adj. 担心的,不安的 as far as...be concerned 就……而言
be concerned with 与……有牵连
(3) concerning prep. 关于,至于
单句语法填空
We are now deeply concerned __________his safety.
I wrote to the head of the firm __________ (concern) Robert.
The measures are irrelevant as far __________inflation is concerned.
【答案】1. for/about 2. concerning 3. as
考点8.. lay v. 产卵;搁放;放置;铺放;涂,敷
...in particular the turtles which lay their eggs on White Beach. ……特别是那些在白沙滩上产卵的海龟。
put/lay the blame (for sth.) on sb. 把(某事的)责任推到某人身上
lay out 布置,设计;铺开,展开 lay aside 搁置;储蓄
lay off 解雇;停止使用 lay up 收集;贮存
lay down 放下;规定,制定;积存
完成句子
优质产品整齐地陈列在展览厅里。
The quality products were neatly ______________________ in the exhibition hall.
由于销售额下降,这家汽车厂将裁员约150人。
The car factory is going to ______________________ around 150 workers because of the drop in sales.
【答案】1. laid out 2. lay off
考点9.. admit v. 承认;允许……进入;接纳;招收
But they also admit that building the hotel will provide more jobs for people living in the area. 但他们也承认,建造这家酒店将为居住在这一地区的人们提供更多的工作。
admit (to) sth./doing sth. 承认某事/做过某事 admit + that从句 承认……
admit...to be... 承认……是…… admit sb. to/into sth. 准许某人进入;准许某人加入
be admitted to/into... 被……录取;被……接纳
admission n. 承认;接纳;进入许可
完成句子
他承认冤枉了她。
He ______________________ wrong to her.
每张票可供两人入场参加聚会。
Each ticket ______________________ the party.
自他出名后这所大学就录取了他。
He ______________________ the college since he became famous.
【答案】1. admitted having done 2. admits two people to 3. has been admitted to/into
考点10.. accommodation n. 住处,住宿,膳宿,处所;和解,调和
The working hours are flexible and accommodation is provided. 工作时间灵活,提供住宿。
(1) accommodation作“住宿,膳宿”讲时,常用复数形式。
(2) make accommodations for 为……提供膳宿
(3) accommodate vt. 容纳;提供……膳宿;使适应;调和,使和解
accommodate oneself to... 使自己适应…… accommodate...with... 向……提供……
完成句子
奥运村是为了给运动员提供住宿而建的。
The Olympic Village was built for athletes’ ______________________.
我们应该使自己适应改变了的形势。
We should ______________________ changed circumstances.
我可以供给你们两间卧室和一间起居室。
I can ________________you _______________two bedrooms and a sitting room.
【答案】1. accommodations 2. accommodate ourselves to 3. accommodate; with
考点11.. in addition to 除……之外,还……
考点12.. in favour of 赞同,支持;有利于
In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence. 除了写博客、拍照和写有关珊瑚礁的文章外,他还多次在电视上露面,为珊瑚礁进行辩护。
(1) in addition另外;而且(= besides = moreover = what’s more = furthermore)
in addition to/besides 除……以外,还…… except/except for/except that 除了……外
apart from 除了……外
(2) in place of 代替 in need of 需要
in praise of 赞扬 in face of 面临
in charge of 负责,管理 in search of 寻找
in honour of 为向……表示敬意 in memory of 为纪念……
完成句子
产品很好。另外,价格低廉。
The products are nice. ______________________, the price is low.
除了每周的薪水外,我还能得到不少小费。
______________________ my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
She set up the charity ______________________ (为了纪念) her father.
The police were ______________________ (寻找) the murderer.
He spoke ______________________ (赞扬) those who had passed the exam.
I’m all right but ______________________ (需要) rest.
【答案】1. In addition 2. In addition to 3. in memory of
4. in search of 5. in praise of 6. in need of
考点13.. become aware of 意识到,察觉到
The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area. 最重要的是,全世界的人们都意识到了这个地区的海洋之美。
(1) get/be aware of 意识到;觉察到 make sb. aware of 使某人意识到
be aware that/wh-clause 知道……;意识到……
(2) awareness n. 意识 raise awareness of 提高……意识
完成句子
她没有意识到做错了事。
She was not aware of ______________________.
我没注意到他的到来。
I didn’t ______________________ his arrival.
你知道是什么时候了吗
__________________________________________ the time
【答案】1. having done wrong 2. become aware of 3. Are you aware of
考点14.. Sitting back in my seat, I can’t quite believe that I’m about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”. 坐在座位上,我不敢相信我即将沿着曾被许多外国专家称作是“不可能(建成)的”铁路旅行。
动词-ing形式作状语
(1)动词-ing形式作状语时,可根据其意义在其前面加上相应的连词when/while/though/if/once/even if/as long as/unless/until/since等,表示更加明确的含义。
(2)在绝大多数情况下,动词-ing形式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
(3)有少数动词-ing形式(短语)并不表示句子主语的动作,而是表示说话人的态度,被称为分词的独立成分。常用的这类独立成分有:generally speaking; according to; judging from/by; considering; frankly speaking; taking...into consideration; seeing; supposing; providing that; assuming that。
完成句子
当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时,她像生了根一样站在那儿,不知道是走还是留。
When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ____________________________________________.
像古代的水手一样,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到它们的路。
Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ____________________________________________.
工作了两天,史蒂夫成功地按时完成了他的报告。
____________________________________________, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁,使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。
Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ____________________________________________.
【答案】1. wondering whether to stay or leave 2. using the sun and the stars
3. Having worked for two days 4. turning the old town into a dreamland
考点15.. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. 一群藏羚羊在桥下活动,有些在闲暇时停下来吃草。
with的复合结构的常见形式
with+名词 (代词)+动词-ing形式 with+名词 (代词)+过去分词
with+名词 (代词)+形容词 with+名词 (代词)+介词短语
with+名词 (代词)+副词 with+名词 (代词)+动词不定式
完成句子
因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出。
____________________________________________, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。
The boy stood there ____________________________________________.
我在房间坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板。
I sat in my room for a few minutes ____________________________________________.
由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起奢侈品。
____________________________________________, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于孩子们在上学,当我们想度假时却不能去。
____________________________________________, we can’t take our vacation when we want to.
【答案】1. With a lot of work to do 2. with his head down
3. with my eyes fixed on the ceiling 4. With prices going up so fast
5. With the children at school
考点16.. Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources. 尽管该公司的老板保证设计与优美的环境相协调,但当地人仍然担心该酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
even though = even if 即使,纵然;尽管,虽然
even now/then即使在现在/那时 even so即便如此;尽管这样
连接让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, while, whatever, whenever, wherever, whoever, whether...or...等。
完成句子
这篇文章有很多的拼写错误,即使这样,它也是一篇相当好的文章。
There are a lot of spelling mistakes; ___________________________it’s quite a good article.
他们中的很多人对他的建议置若罔闻,尽管他们知道他的建议很有价值。
Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ___________________________they knew it to be valuable.
尽管太阳高照,却不很暖和。
___________________________ the sun was shining, it wasn’t very warm.
不管孩子是生活在双亲家庭还是单亲家庭,这种情况都会发生。
This happens ________________the children are in two-parent _________________one-parent families.
【答案】1. even so 2. even though/if 3. Although/Though/While 4. whether; or
1．I have been reading the book.
2．I have been living here since 1988.
3．I have been waiting for two hours.
4．She is very tired. She has been working all morning.
5．We have all along been making mistakes like this.
1．所有画线部分都是由have/has＋been＋doing构成的，都属于现在完成进行时。
have/has＋been＋ving
表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，将来还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性。
I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn't come yet. 我都等了一个小时了，但是她还没来。
Tom has been working hard since the new term began. 自从新学期开始，汤姆一直在努力学习。
表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks. 两星期以来，她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。
You have been telling me not to be late all the way. 一路上你一直在告诉我不要迟到。
表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。
I have been playing pingpong all morning, so I'm sweating. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我浑身是汗。
I've been painting the door, so my hands are very dirty. 我一直在给门刷油漆，所以我的手很脏。
表示某种感彩。
You have been daydreaming but never make an effort. 你一直在做白日梦，但从不努力。(指责)
You have been lying to me. 你一直在对我说谎。(气愤)
单项选择/单句语法填空
—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for
—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.
A．waited B．wait C．would be waiting D．have been waiting
Dashan, who ________ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western standup tradition.
A．will be learning B．is learning C．had been learning D．has been learning
—Where is Peter I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________________ (write) his essay there ever since.
—Tony, why are your eyes red
—I __________________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. has been writing 4. have been cutting
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1．现在完成时强调的是某个刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果；现在完成进行时则强调动作的延续性：
I have thought it over. 我已经考虑过这件事了。
I have been thinking about it. 我一直在考虑这件事。
2．现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不表示反复性：
Have you been meeting him recently 你最近经常见他吗？
Have you met him recently 你最近见过他吗？
3．现在完成进行时有时含有感彩；现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙：
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work orderly. (含表扬的意味)
Henry has done his work orderly. (描述事实)
单项选择/单句语法填空
China's highspeed railways ________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A．are growing B．have grown C．will grow D．had grown
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ________ (make) over the years.
Since the time humankind started gardening, we ____________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
【答案】1. B 2. have made 3. have been trying
招聘广告是日常生活中的一种常见的应用文体。它以一种简洁的形式告知读者某个职位的工作内容、工作地点、招聘要求、职责及权益等。
学生在书写这类作文的时候，应注意如下三点：
1．开门见山，主题突出。
短文式的招聘广告大多在标题中就写明了招聘的职位。这就让有意向的读者能够发现关键信息，而不至于浪费时间去看自己并不感兴趣的招聘广告。
2．层次清楚，语言精练。
在正文部分，短文式的招聘广告要清楚地交代招聘的职位、工作内容、相关要求、应聘者的权益以及招聘方的联系方式。
3．应聘要求，切勿遗漏。
在最后一段，我们应写清楚应聘者的来信截止时间，并给出招聘方的联系方式。这些要点都是必不可少的，不可遗漏。
常用表达：
1．标题部分：
职位＋needed/wanted
2．正文部分：
...is a multiservice company.
Due to its rapid development, it needs to employ more staff.
Candidates should be aged from 25 to 35.
College/University graduates with 3 years' experience in... are needed.
You should possess a bachelor's/master's/doctor's degree majoring in...
We look for talent with...
Fluent English in both written and spoken communication is necessary.
You should be proficient in English and computer operation.
The salary is negotiable.
We provide summer and winter holidays with salary.
Accommodation and meals are provided.
3．结尾部分：
We provide you not only a job, but a career in...
Our address is...
Please contact our HR manager...
Tel：...
Mobile phone：...
We are always here honestly looking forward to your coming.
Next week, our school will hold an activity, and the activity is called “ The English Culture Festival”. 下周，我们学校将举行一个活动，这个活动叫作“英语文化节”。
10 student volunteers are needed to offer service in the activities. 需要10名学生志愿者在活动中提供服务。
The applicant should be in favour of the activities. 申请人要支持这些活动。
The applicant should be qualified for the job. 申请人要能胜任工作。
He must be good at communicating with others and have a strong organizational ability. 他必须擅长与别人沟通并且有很强的组织能力。
The volunteers are expected to work from 8 a. m. to 4 p. m. 预计志愿者们将从早上8点工作到下午4点。
假定你是李华，近期学校要组织“英语文化节”活动，需招募10名学生志愿者，为文化节的才艺秀、英语演讲比赛以及英语辩论赛等提供服务。请你以短文形式写一则招聘广告，内容包括：
1. 招聘岗位信息；
2. 应聘条件：支持学校的活动，能胜任工作；善于沟通，与同学相处融洽；
3. 工作时间：上午8点—下午4点；工作内容：具体任务可协商；
4. 联系人：李华(13885438888)；招聘截止日期：本周三。
注意：
1.词数80左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
用含有定语从句的句子改写第1句
Next week, our school will hold an activity which is called “The English Culture Festival”.
用“not only……but also…”的倒装结构合并第3句和第4句
Not only should the applicant be in favour of the activities, but also he should be qualified for the job.
Job advertisement
Next week, our school will hold an activity which is called “The English Culture Festival”. 10 student volunteers are needed to offer service in the activities such as Talent Show, English Speech Contest and English Debate Competition.
Not only should the applicant be in favour of the activities, but he also should be qualified for the job. What's more, he must be good at communicating with others and have a strong organizational ability. The volunteers are expected to work from 8a. m. to 4 p. m. Specific tasks are negotiable.
If you want to apply for the job, please contact Li Hua (phone number:13885438888) before this Wednesday.
Not a clean environment, then the living conditions favourable meaningless. 没有一个清洁的环境，再优裕的生活条件也无意义。
In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous. 自然界中的所有事物都蕴含着奇妙。
What we are doing to the forests of the world is but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to ourselves and to one another. 我们对待世界森林的方式只不过是我们对待自己和彼此方式的镜像反映。
The environment is where we all live, and it is in our interest, as well as the interest of our children and grandchildren, to protect it. 环境是我们共同生活的场所，保护它符合我们的利益，也符合我们子孙后代的利益。
The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. 成就伟业的唯一途径是热爱自己的事业。如果你还没有找到，请继续寻找。不要满足于现状。如同所有心灵上的事情，当你找到时，你会知道的。
The proper use of science is not to conquer nature but to live in harmony with it. 科学的正确用途不是征服自然，而是与之和谐相处。
Man must feel the earth, touch the earth, love the earth, honor the earth with his whole body and spirit, and his whole life. 人必须用全身心去感受地球，去触摸地球，去热爱地球，去尊敬地球。
Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has. 永远不要怀疑，一小群有思想且执着于目标的公民能够改变世界。事实上，这是唯一曾经做到过的事情。
In the end we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught. 最终，我们只会保护我们所热爱的，我们只会热爱我们所理解的，我们只会理解我们所被教导的。
The best way to predict the future is to create it. 预测未来最好的方式就是去创造它。Unit 6 Nurturing nature-2023-2024学年高二下册英语单元速记 巧练（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）
Unit 6 话题 保护自然环境和自然遗产
词汇 steadily, massive, delicate, splendid, leisure, wander, scenery, economy, disturb, operator, candidate, applicant, favour, advertise, genuine, salary, preference, qualification
短语 at one’s leisure, in favour of, overcome the challenges, among the top concerns, catch one’s eye, bring…to life, in harmony with, use up, highlight the importance of, be made up of, under threat, in addition to
句型 动词-ing形式作状语 with的复合结构的常见形式 even though = even if 即使,纵然;尽管,虽然
语法 现在完成进行时
写作 招聘广告
考点1.. wind v. 蜿蜒；缠绕；上发条；使喘不过气来；n. 风；弯曲
The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”. 当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“铁路如巨龙蜿蜒于山间”这句话显得格外生动。
wind up ____________________________________
wind sth. into a ball __________________
wind one’s way __________________
wind down __________________
单句语法填空
He ___________(wind) the bandage tightly round his ankle.
Before I wind ___________, I’d like to make one final point.
She wound ___________the driver’s window and called to him.
考点2.. protect v. 保护
How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
(1) protection n. __________________ protective adj. __________________
protect...from/against... __________________ under the protection of __________________
(2) 辨析：defend/guard/protect
defend指“__________________”,可指战争时候的防御阵地,也可指在体育比赛中的防守
guard指“__________________”,通常侧重指警惕性非常高的防卫或戒备潜在的危险
protect指“__________________”,强调“保护”作用
选词填空: defend, guard, protect
We should ___________our eyes from too strong sunlight.
They ___________very well in that game.
Several dogs ___________the house against strangers.
考点3.. located adj. 坐落在，位于
Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world. 这是世界上海拔最高的火车站,海拔5 000多米。
be located at __________________
locate v. __________________
location n. __________________ on location __________________
locational adj. __________________
完成句子
该山谷住宅可以建立在任何地方,即使很小的场地也能容得下。
The Valley House can ______________________any areas, constrained by a small site.
这部影片的外景完全是在意大利拍摄的。
The movie was shot entirely ______________________in Italy.
在农村地区创办企业享有税收减免。
There are tax breaks for businesses that ______________________rural areas.
考点4.. present v. 呈现；赠送；n. 现在，目前；礼物；adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的
In locations such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. 在这样的地方,稀薄的空气、多变的天气和高强度的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。
at the present time = at present = now __________________ be present at __________________
present sth. to sb. = present sb. with sth. __________________
present sb. to sb. __________________
完成句子
校规要求我们必须按时到校。
The school regulations require us to ______________________school on time.
他送给她一束用报纸包着的花。
He ______________________a bunch of flowers wrapped in newspaper.
我把你引见给我的朋友,好吗
May I ________________ you ________________my friend
考点5.. reach out 伸出
Guona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface. 国纳湖离铁路那么近,近得让我想伸手去摸一下它淡蓝色的镜子般的湖面。
reach out to __________________ reach out for __________________
reach for __________________
完成句子
我们要有足够的自信,向他们伸出我们的手。
We should be confident enough to ______________________ them.
他没有伸手去拿书。
He did not ______________________ a book.
考点6.. involve v. 包括，包含；牵涉，卷入；影响；需要
It encourages people to be responsible travelers and involves educating them about the natural world. 它鼓励人们成为负责任的旅行者,包括教育他们了解自然世界。
be involved in __________________ be/get involved with __________________
involve sb./sth. in (doing) sth. __________________
单句语法填空
I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students __________learning.
The operation involves __________ (put) a small tube into his heart.
He didn’t take his parents’ advice and was soon involved __________trouble.
Get involved __________someone else and your mind will take a turn as well.
考点7.. be concerned about/for 担心;关心;挂念
As tourism develops, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment. 随着旅游业的发展,人们越来越关注环境。
(1) concern n. __________________；vt. __________________
show/express (great) concern about... __________________
concern oneself with/in/about sth __________________
(2) concerned adj. __________________ as far as...be concerned __________________
be concerned with __________________
(3) concerning prep. __________________
单句语法填空
We are now deeply concerned __________his safety.
I wrote to the head of the firm __________ (concern) Robert.
The measures are irrelevant as far __________inflation is concerned.
考点8.. lay v. 产卵;搁放;放置;铺放;涂,敷
...in particular the turtles which lay their eggs on White Beach. ……特别是那些在白沙滩上产卵的海龟。
put/lay the blame (for sth.) on sb. __________________
lay out __________________ lay aside __________________
lay off __________________ lay up __________________
lay down __________________
完成句子
优质产品整齐地陈列在展览厅里。
The quality products were neatly ______________________ in the exhibition hall.
由于销售额下降,这家汽车厂将裁员约150人。
The car factory is going to ______________________ around 150 workers because of the drop in sales.
考点9.. admit v. 承认;允许……进入;接纳;招收
But they also admit that building the hotel will provide more jobs for people living in the area. 但他们也承认,建造这家酒店将为居住在这一地区的人们提供更多的工作。
admit (to) sth./doing sth. __________________ admit + that从句 __________________
admit...to be... __________________ admit sb. to/into sth. __________________
be admitted to/into... __________________
admission n. __________________
完成句子
他承认冤枉了她。
He ______________________ wrong to her.
每张票可供两人入场参加聚会。
Each ticket ______________________ the party.
自他出名后这所大学就录取了他。
He ______________________ the college since he became famous.
考点10.. accommodation n. 住处,住宿,膳宿,处所;和解,调和
The working hours are flexible and accommodation is provided. 工作时间灵活,提供住宿。
(1) accommodation作“住宿,膳宿”讲时,常用_________形式。
(2) make accommodations for __________________
(3) accommodate vt. ____________________________________
accommodate oneself to... __________________ accommodate...with... __________________
完成句子
奥运村是为了给运动员提供住宿而建的。
The Olympic Village was built for athletes’ ______________________.
我们应该使自己适应改变了的形势。
We should ______________________ changed circumstances.
我可以供给你们两间卧室和一间起居室。
I can ________________you _______________two bedrooms and a sitting room.
考点11.. in addition to 除……之外,还……
考点12.. in favour of 赞同,支持;有利于
In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence. 除了写博客、拍照和写有关珊瑚礁的文章外,他还多次在电视上露面,为珊瑚礁进行辩护。
(1) in addition另外;而且(= __________ = __________ = __________ = __________)
in addition to/besides __________________ except/except for/except that __________________
apart from __________________
(2) in place of __________________ in need of __________________
in praise of __________________ in face of __________________
in charge of __________________ in search of __________________
in honour of__________________ in memory of __________________
完成句子
产品很好。另外,价格低廉。
The products are nice. ______________________, the price is low.
除了每周的薪水外,我还能得到不少小费。
______________________ my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
She set up the charity ______________________ (为了纪念) her father.
The police were ______________________ (寻找) the murderer.
He spoke ______________________ (赞扬) those who had passed the exam.
I’m all right but ______________________ (需要) rest.
考点13.. become aware of 意识到,察觉到
The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area. 最重要的是,全世界的人们都意识到了这个地区的海洋之美。
(1) get/be aware of __________________ make sb. aware of __________________
be aware that/wh-clause __________________
(2) awareness n. __________________ raise awareness of __________________
完成句子
她没有意识到做错了事。
She was not aware of ______________________.
我没注意到他的到来。
I didn’t ______________________ his arrival.
你知道是什么时候了吗
__________________________________________ the time
考点14.. Sitting back in my seat, I can’t quite believe that I’m about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”. 坐在座位上,我不敢相信我即将沿着曾被许多外国专家称作是“不可能(建成)的”铁路旅行。
动词-ing形式作状语
(1)动词-ing形式作状语时,可根据其意义在其前面加上相应的连词when/while/though/if/once/even if/as long as/unless/until/since等,表示更加明确的含义。
(2)在绝大多数情况下,动词-ing形式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
(3)有少数动词-ing形式(短语)并不表示句子主语的动作,而是表示说话人的态度,被称为分词的独立成分。常用的这类独立成分有:generally speaking; according to; judging from/by; considering; frankly speaking; taking...into consideration; seeing; supposing; providing that; assuming that。
完成句子
当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时,她像生了根一样站在那儿,不知道是走还是留。
When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ____________________________________________.
像古代的水手一样,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到它们的路。
Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ____________________________________________.
工作了两天,史蒂夫成功地按时完成了他的报告。
____________________________________________, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁,使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。
Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ____________________________________________.
考点15.. A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. 一群藏羚羊在桥下活动,有些在闲暇时停下来吃草。
with的复合结构的常见形式
with+名词 (代词)+ __________________ with+名词 (代词)+ __________________
with+名词 (代词)+ __________________ with+名词 (代词)+ __________________
with+名词 (代词)+ __________________ with+名词 (代词)+ __________________
完成句子
因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出。
____________________________________________, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。
The boy stood there ____________________________________________.
我在房间坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板。
I sat in my room for a few minutes ____________________________________________.
由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起奢侈品。
____________________________________________, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于孩子们在上学,当我们想度假时却不能去。
____________________________________________, we can’t take our vacation when we want to.
考点16.. Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources. 尽管该公司的老板保证设计与优美的环境相协调,但当地人仍然担心该酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
even though = even if 即使,纵然;尽管,虽然
even now/then______________________ even so______________________
连接让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, while, whatever, whenever, wherever, whoever, whether...or...等。
完成句子
这篇文章有很多的拼写错误,即使这样,它也是一篇相当好的文章。
There are a lot of spelling mistakes; ___________________________it’s quite a good article.
他们中的很多人对他的建议置若罔闻,尽管他们知道他的建议很有价值。
Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ___________________________they knew it to be valuable.
尽管太阳高照,却不很暖和。
___________________________ the sun was shining, it wasn’t very warm.
不管孩子是生活在双亲家庭还是单亲家庭,这种情况都会发生。
This happens ________________the children are in two-parent _________________one-parent families.
1．I have been reading the book.
2．I have been living here since 1988.
3．I have been waiting for two hours.
4．She is very tired. She has been working all morning.
5．We have all along been making mistakes like this.
1．所有画线部分都是由have/has＋been＋doing构成的，都属于现在完成进行时。
______________________________
表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，将来还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性。
I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn't come yet. 我都等了一个小时了，但是她还没来。
Tom has been working hard since the new term began. 自从新学期开始，汤姆一直在努力学习。
表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks. 两星期以来，她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。
You have been telling me not to be late all the way. 一路上你一直在告诉我不要迟到。
表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。
I have been playing pingpong all morning, so I'm sweating. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我浑身是汗。
I've been painting the door, so my hands are very dirty. 我一直在给门刷油漆，所以我的手很脏。
表示某种感彩。
You have been daydreaming but never make an effort. 你一直在做白日梦，但从不努力。(指责)
You have been lying to me. 你一直在对我说谎。(气愤)
单项选择/单句语法填空
—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for
—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.
A．waited B．wait C．would be waiting D．have been waiting
Dashan, who ________ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western standup tradition.
A．will be learning B．is learning C．had been learning D．has been learning
—Where is Peter I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________________ (write) his essay there ever since.
—Tony, why are your eyes red
—I __________________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1．现在完成时强调的是某个刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果；现在完成进行时则强调动作的延续性：
I have thought it over. 我已经考虑过这件事了。
I have been thinking about it. 我一直在考虑这件事。
2．现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不表示反复性：
Have you been meeting him recently 你最近经常见他吗？
Have you met him recently 你最近见过他吗？
3．现在完成进行时有时含有感彩；现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙：
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work orderly. (含表扬的意味)
Henry has done his work orderly. (描述事实)
单项选择/单句语法填空
China's highspeed railways ________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A．are growing B．have grown C．will grow D．had grown
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ________ (make) over the years.
Since the time humankind started gardening, we ____________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
招聘广告是日常生活中的一种常见的应用文体。它以一种简洁的形式告知读者某个职位的工作内容、工作地点、招聘要求、职责及权益等。
学生在书写这类作文的时候，应注意如下三点：
1．开门见山，主题突出。
短文式的招聘广告大多在标题中就写明了招聘的职位。这就让有意向的读者能够发现关键信息，而不至于浪费时间去看自己并不感兴趣的招聘广告。
2．层次清楚，语言精练。
在正文部分，短文式的招聘广告要清楚地交代招聘的职位、工作内容、相关要求、应聘者的权益以及招聘方的联系方式。
3．应聘要求，切勿遗漏。
在最后一段，我们应写清楚应聘者的来信截止时间，并给出招聘方的联系方式。这些要点都是必不可少的，不可遗漏。
常用表达：
1．标题部分：
职位＋needed/wanted
2．正文部分：
...is a multiservice company.
Due to its rapid development, it needs to employ more staff.
Candidates should be aged from 25 to 35.
College/University graduates with 3 years' experience in... are needed.
You should possess a bachelor's/master's/doctor's degree majoring in...
We look for talent with...
Fluent English in both written and spoken communication is necessary.
You should be proficient in English and computer operation.
The salary is negotiable.
We provide summer and winter holidays with salary.
Accommodation and meals are provided.
3．结尾部分：
We provide you not only a job, but a career in...
Our address is...
Please contact our HR manager...
Tel：...
Mobile phone：...
We are always here honestly looking forward to your coming.
Next week, our school will hold an activity, and the activity __________________ “ The English Culture Festival”. 下周，我们学校将举行一个活动，这个活动叫作“英语文化节”。
10 student volunteers are needed ________________________________ in the activities. 需要10名学生志愿者在活动中提供服务。
The applicant should be ________________________ the activities. 申请人要支持这些活动。
The applicant should ________________________________ the job. 申请人要能胜任工作。
He must ______________________________________ and have a strong organizational ability. 他必须擅长与别人沟通并且有很强的组织能力。
The volunteers ________________________________________ from 8 a. m. to 4 p. m. 预计志愿者们将从早上8点工作到下午4点。
假定你是李华，近期学校要组织“英语文化节”活动，需招募10名学生志愿者，为文化节的才艺秀、英语演讲比赛以及英语辩论赛等提供服务。请你以短文形式写一则招聘广告，内容包括：
1. 招聘岗位信息；
2. 应聘条件：支持学校的活动，能胜任工作；善于沟通，与同学相处融洽；
3. 工作时间：上午8点—下午4点；工作内容：具体任务可协商；
4. 联系人：李华(13885438888)；招聘截止日期：本周三。
注意：
1.词数80左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
用含有定语从句的句子改写第1句
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
用“not only……but also…”的倒装结构合并第3句和第4句
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Job advertisement
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Not a clean environment, then the living conditions favourable meaningless. 没有一个清洁的环境，再优裕的生活条件也无意义。
In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous. 自然界中的所有事物都蕴含着奇妙。
What we are doing to the forests of the world is but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to ourselves and to one another. 我们对待世界森林的方式只不过是我们对待自己和彼此方式的镜像反映。
The environment is where we all live, and it is in our interest, as well as the interest of our children and grandchildren, to protect it. 环境是我们共同生活的场所，保护它符合我们的利益，也符合我们子孙后代的利益。
The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. 成就伟业的唯一途径是热爱自己的事业。如果你还没有找到，请继续寻找。不要满足于现状。如同所有心灵上的事情，当你找到时，你会知道的。
The proper use of science is not to conquer nature but to live in harmony with it. 科学的正确用途不是征服自然，而是与之和谐相处。
Man must feel the earth, touch the earth, love the earth, honor the earth with his whole body and spirit, and his whole life. 人必须用全身心去感受地球，去触摸地球，去热爱地球，去尊敬地球。
Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has. 永远不要怀疑，一小群有思想且执着于目标的公民能够改变世界。事实上，这是唯一曾经做到过的事情。
In the end we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught. 最终，我们只会保护我们所热爱的，我们只会热爱我们所理解的，我们只会理解我们所被教导的。
The best way to predict the future is to create it. 预测未来最好的方式就是去创造它。
