2024年译林版九年级历年模拟选词填空集锦(14)
题号 一 二 总分
得分
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺:本大题共10小题,共100分
131.
spread deal with include pay attention to look
AI painters like Midjourney can create pictures.Simply type in what you want and the picture comes out in minutes.They have one thing in common—they are fake,but look like they are real.People have never been more worried than today about the(1) ______ of fake news.
AI painters are not perfect.News outlets(媒体)(2) ______ The Washington Post gave some tips on telling fake pictures.One way is to look at hands.AI often draws human hands incorrectly.Sometimes the number of fingers is wrong,and sometimes the shape(3) ______ strange.We can also(4) ______ the details.For example,people in an AI-made picture may miss an earring or a part of their glasses.AI is also terrible at(5) ______ the background.If there are too many people in the picture,people 's faces in the corner are usually not clear—or they don't have a face at all!
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132.
invent ,however,about ,one ,soon,he ,answer ,country ,give ,simple
Humans have been interested in intelligence for thousands of years.Today,we can(1) ______ take an IQ test to know how smart we are.But do you know the history of the IQ test?The first IQ test was(2) ______ by Alfred Binet.Binet was a French scientist.During the early 1900s,the French government(3) ______ him a task.It asked him to pick out kids who would have difficulties in study.Binet and his friends Theodore Simon designed some questions.These questions were(4) ______ attention,memory and problem-solving skills.Binet tested a group of kids with these questions.The kids were of the same age.(5) ______ ,some of them could only answer very simple questions.Others could answer much more difficult questions.Binet believed those who could only(6) ______ simple questions would probably have learning difficulties.
This was the world's(7) ______ intelligence test.It was called the Binet-Simon test.The test was(8) ______ brought to America.It became popular there.Lewis Terman,an American scientist,took the test and improved it.He published(9) ______ new test in 1916.
Over the years,the Binet-Simon test has been improved many times.Now it can be used for different ages.Scientists in different(10) ______ changed some questions in the Binet-Simon test to suit their own countries.So today,it is still popular around the world.
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133.
work;from;say;when;thing;slow;memory;he;poor;find
When you do not use your arms or your legs for some time,they will become weak. (1) ______ you start using them again,they (2) ______ become strong again.Everybody knows that.Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (3) ______ in the same way.
When someone says that he has a good (4) ______ , he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it.When someone else says that (5) ______ memory is poor,he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.
If a friend (6) ______ that his arms and legs are weak,we know that it is his own fault(过错).But if he tells us that he has a(7) ______ memory,many of us think that his parents may be blamed(责备),and few of us know that it is just his own fault.Have you ever (8) ______ that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories?This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember (9) ______ , they cannot write them down in a small notebook.They have to remember days,names,songs and stories,so their memory is being exercised the whole time.
So if you want to have a good memory,learn (10) ______ the people:practice remembering things in a way as other people do.
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134.
program look up manage instead of simple
CHATBOTS - What they do and why they matter
Chatbots are changing the way customers interact(互动) with businesses.
Think about this,(1) ______ clicking on link on a company's website,you could(2) ______ type a question and get an immediate answer.Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer(3) ______ that can communicate with human beings by phone,on messaging apps (应用软件) or on websites.
Chatbots can(4) ______ information,answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users.They can be used to(5) ______ payments for online shopping,to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments.
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135.
modern,write,among,use,successful,invent,quick,other,ancient,year
There were four great inventions in(1) ______ China.They all helped people a lot.But for us students,papermaking and printing are especially(2) ______ .They play an important part in our studies.
Paper was(3) ______ and improved by Cai Lun in Eastern Han Dynasty."Before that,people used bamboo pieces and some(4) ______ things to write on.Books made of bamboo pieces were very heavy."Later,silk and cotton were also used for(5) ______ but they were too expensive.Then after a lot of practice,Cai Lun(6) ______ made paper.
The earliest printing was woodblock printing.Around 1040,a man called Bi Sheng made the first known movable type.printing system.It was more convenient and(7) ______ than woodblock printing.Both the inventions made it easy for us to have lighter books to carry and,more information to read.
In recent(8) ______ a number of China's technological inventions have been making their moves in the world.(9) ______ them,Shared Bicycles,High-speed Rail,Alipay and E-commerce(网购)stand out with a reputation(名声) of China's "four great new inventions" in(10) ______ times ,which have made the daily life of the public more and more efficient(有效率的).
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136.
pay,grow,that ,develop,two ,how,wonderful ,health ,discover,they
When John was growing up,other kids felt sorry for him,His parents always had him clean the garden,carry out the rubbish and send newspapers.But when he(1) ______ up,he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction,a better marriage and was(2) ______ .Most of all,he was happier.Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more colorful lives than those who had not. "Boys who worked in the home or community got abilities and came to feel they were necessary members of society,said George Vaillant,the scientist who made the(3) ______ . "And because they felt good about(4) ______ ,others felt good about them. "
Vaillant's study followed these men in many ways at different ages.It shows those who had done the most boyhood activities were(5) ______ as likely to have warm relations with people around,five times as likely to be well(6) ______ and 16 times less likely to have been jobless.The researchers also found that IQ and family social class made no real difference in(7) ______ the boys turned out.
Working—at any age —is important.Childhood activities help a child(8) ______ independence,confidence and abilities一the basics of mental health.They also help him understand(9) ______ people must work together and work toward common goals.The most competent(有能力的)adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isn't everything.As Tolstoy once said, "One can live(10) ______ in this world if one knows how to work and how to love,to work for the person one loves and to love one's work. "
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137.
one give join her minute train finally and who excite
"Every day,we see the sunrise 16 times.Do you know why?Well,we circle the Earth every 90(1) ______ !"Do you still remember these words?It was June 20th,2013.Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping (2) ______ a science lesson in space.Millions of students and teachers across China listened to it.Were you one of them?On the afternoon of December 9th,2021,Ms.Wang gave her "Lesson Two"!
This time,Wang and her team will stay in space for 183 days.She has become the first woman (3) ______ completed the spacewalk.We also heard the first Chinese New Year's greetings coming from space.But perhaps the most (4) ______ part for us is Ms.Wang's "Lesson Two".
Wang's space dream began when Yang Liwei became China's(5) ______ man in space in 2003.
"When will our country have a spacewoman?" she thought to (6) ______ .Wang was a fighter pilot.Because of her excellent performance,in 2010,she was chosen to (7) ______ as an astronaut by the government.After lots of hard training,the woman (8) ______ realized her space dream in 2013.
Like many young Chinese people,Wang likes photography,music (9) ______ basketball.She said, "We are all students in facing the universe.We are looking forward to(10) ______ our young friends to learn and explore (探索) the beautiful universe."
138.
nobody ,which ,active,discover,brain ,bad,change ,laugh ,for,worry
Laugh with friends or laugh at a cartoon.It doesn't matter why you're(1) ______ — laughter is good for you,and that's no joke!Laughing helps you right away.When you laugh,(2) ______ happen in your body.For example,you take in more air.This is good for your heart.When you laugh,your(3) ______ also releases chemicals(释放化学物质) that make you feel happy.Laughing can also make you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes.
Laughing can also reduce(减少) pain.You probably don't want to laugh when you get hurt(4) ______ ,but laughter helps the body make its own natural pain medicine.Laughing is also great exercise!Research shows that laughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike(5) ______ 15 minutes.
Negative(消极的) thoughts can cause you to feel sad or(6) ______ .But when you laugh,your brain makes chemicals(7) ______ make these feelings go away.These chemicals also prevent some illnesses.Many scientists have also(8) ______ laughter helps people communicate better with each other.Anyway,(9) ______ dislikes laughing faces.
So why don't you try laughing every day?See how you feel.Do you feel more relaxed?Do you feel more(10) ______ ?That's laughter at work.
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139.
science send difference lead to real close one photo
The planet Mars is the(1) ______ and most similar planet to Earth.It is very interesting to(2) ______ .For example,Mars has seasons with(3) ______ weather,but other planets have the same temperatures all year round.Was there life on Mars?
To find out,scientists need to know if Mars ever had water.In 2004,two robot explores (探测器),or 'rovers',called Spirit and Opportunity were(4) ______ to look for signs of water.These rovers can drive over rocks and all kinds of rough ground.They can also use cameras and send(5) ______ back to Earth.(6) ______ of all,the two rovers found chemicals and patterns (图文) in the rocks that were probably made by water.Then,they moved to another area and found other rocks which may have been created by water.Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago.Today they are still not sure if there was life on the mars.They(7) ______ need more information to decide.The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions,but they also(8) ______ many new ones.
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140.
population less cows more enough water grown air feeding as invited better
In March 2017,about 25 people were (1) ______ to a kitchen in San Francisco,California,for a tasting event.What's on the menu?Fried chicken! "This is some of the best fried chicken I've ever had," one guest said.The compliment (赞美) was extra special considering the source of the meat.It had been (2) ______ in a lab by scientists from Memphis Meats.The company makes meat by safely extracting (提取) cells from animals such (3) ______ chickens,ducks,and cows.Then it feeds the cells nutrients (营养).Those cells grow and multiply (繁殖),forming muscle,which is meat.Memphis Meats is one of several companies in the United States and around the world making cellular (细胞的),or lab-grown,meat.Many people think it's (4) ______ for the planet than raising animals for food.Others aren't so sure.
Why Cellular Meat?
The world's (5) ______ expected to grow to nearly 10 billion by 2050,according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO联合国粮食与农业组织).That's almost 2 billion more people than there are today.Eric Schulze is a vice president at Memphis Meats.He thinks (6) ______ so many people will be difficult.FAO says people could eat 73% more meat in 2050. "With current (当前的)meat production methods,there aren't (7) ______ resources such as land and (8) ______ to meet that need," Schulze told TIME for Kids.
Traditional meat production also requires lots of (9) ______ .And cows release (释放) methane (甲烷),a gas which traps heat in the atmosphere,which contributes to climate change.
Raising cows and other livestock (家畜) takes up space,too.Currently,77% of the world's farmland is used to grow crops to feed livestock or for the animals to eat.Using more land for livestock will lead to deforestation (采伐森林).
But cellular-meat production requires fewer cows and (10) ______ land.Schulze says the cells taken during one extraction can make more meat than any single animal could ever produce.Just how much land is needed? "You only need the land required for the facility (设施) where the meat is made," Elliot Swartz told TFK.He's a scientist at the Good Food Institute,a group that promotes (促进) cellular meat and plant-based meat.
答案与解析
131.【答案】【小题1】spread
【小题2】including
【小题3】looks
【小题4】pay attention to
【小题5】dealing with
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:人们从未像今天这样担心假新闻的传播。the spread of ……的传播;此处应填名词spread,故填:spread。
(2)考查介词。句意:包括《华盛顿邮报》在内的新闻媒体一些关于辨别假照片的提示。由语境可知,此处应填动词的介词形式including,故填:including。
(3)考查动词第三人称单数。句意:有时手指的数量不对,有时形状看起来很奇怪。由空前频度副词 sometimes 及主语the shape(形状)可知,句子时态是一般现在时,此处应填动词第三人称单数形式looks,故填:looks。
(4)考查动词短语。句意:我们也可以注意细节。由空前的情态动词 can 及语境可知,此处应填动词短语的原形形式pay attention to,故填:pay attention to。
(5)考查动词短语。句意:人工智能也很可怕处理背景。由空前介词at及语境可知,此处应填动名词短语形式dealing with,故填:dealing with。
本文主要介绍了像Midtravel这样的人工智能画家可以创作图片,但它看起来像是真的,人们从未像今天这样担心假新闻的传播。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
132.【答案】【小题1】simply
【小题2】invented
【小题3】gave
【小题4】about
【小题5】However
【小题6】answer
【小题7】first
【小题8】soon
【小题9】his
【小题10】countries
【解析】(1)考查副词。句意:今天,我们可以简单地通过智商测试来了解自己有多聪明。空处修饰动词,应用副词,结合选词可知,此处应用simply"简单地",故填simply。
(2)考查动词。句意:第一个智商测试是由阿尔弗雷德 比奈发明的。分析句子结构可知,此处应填动词,结合语境及备选单词可知,此处指"发明",且此处主语和谓语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,此处应填动词的过去分词。故填invented。
(3)考查动词。句意:在20世纪初,法国政府给了他一项任务。根据语境及备选单词可知,此处表示"给",give符合语境,且由时间状语可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填gave。
(4)考查介词。句意:这些问题涉及注意力、记忆力和解决问题的能力。根据语境及选词可知,此处表示"关于"。故填about。
(5)考查副词。句意:然而,他们中的一些人只能回答非常简单的问题。空格前后句子表示转折,此处应用however表示,故填However。
(6)考查动词。句意:比奈认为,那些只能回答简单问题的人可能会有学习困难。根据语境及备选单词可知,此处表示"回答",answer符合语境。情态动词后用动词原形。故填answer。
(7)考查数词。句意:这是世界上第一次智力测试。根据语境修饰,结合备选单词可知,此处表示"第一个",应用one的序数词形式。故填first。
(8)考查副词。句意:这项测试很快被带到了美国。根据语境及备选单词可知,此处表示"很快,不久"。故填soon。
(9)考查代词。句意:他于1916年发表了他的新测试。分析句子结构可知,此处应填形容词,结合句意及备选单词可知,此处表示"他的"。所以用he的形容词性物主代词。故填his。
(10)考查名词。句意:不同国家的科学家改变了比奈-西蒙测试中的一些问题,以适合他们自己的国家。根据语境及备选单词可知,此处表示"国家",且不止一个国家,应用名词复数。故填countries。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了智力测试的发明及其发展历程。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
133.【答案】【小题1】When
【小题2】slowly
【小题3】works
【小题4】memory
【小题5】his
【小题6】says
【小题7】poor
【小题8】found
【小题9】things
【小题10】from
【解析】(1)考查连词。句意:当你再次使用它们时,它们会慢慢地再次变得强大。根据句意,可知为when"当......的时候"引导的时间状语从句,位于句首,首字母需要大写。故填When。
(2)考查副词。句意:当你再次使用它们时,它们会慢慢地再次变得强大。根据完整的句子,可知这里用形容词slow的副词形式slowly"慢慢地"。故填slowly。
(3)考查动词。句意:然而,许多人似乎不知道记忆的作用是一样的。work"起作用"符合题意,根据do,可知时态为一般现在时,主语为memory,故用work的第三人称单数形式works。故填works。
(4)考查名词。句意:当有人说他记忆力很好时,他实际上是指他通过使用记忆力来练习。memory"记忆"符合题意,前面有不定冠词a,故用其单数形式。故填memory。
(5)考查形容词性物主代词。句意:当别人说他的记忆力很差时,他其实是指他没有给足够的机会让记忆力变得强大。根据someone else和名词memory,可知这里用he的形容词性物主代词his"他的"。故填his。
(6)考查动词。句意:如果一个朋友说他的胳膊和腿很虚弱,我们知道这是他自己的错。say"说"符合题意,这里为if"如果"引导的时间状语从句,从句为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,故用say的第三人称单数形式says。故填says。
(7)考查形容词。句意:但是如果他告诉我们他记忆力不好,我们很多人认为他的父母可能会受到责备,而我们很少人知道这只是他的错。poor"不擅长的"符合题意,a poor memory"不好的记忆力"。故填poor。
(8)考查动词的过去分词。句意:你有没有发现有些人不会读或写,但通常他们的记忆力更好?find"发现"符合题意,根据句意和Have,可知为现在完成时的一般疑问句,Have后跟find的过去分词形式found。故填found。
(9)考查名词。句意:这是因为他们不会读或写,但他们必须记住一些事情,他们不能把它们写在小笔记本上。thing"事情"符合题意,这里用其复数形式表示泛指。故填things。
(10)考查介词。句意:所以,如果你想拥有一个好的记忆力,就要向别人学习:像其他人一样练习记忆。learn from"向......学习"符合题意。故填from。
本文讲述了如果你想拥有一个好的记忆力,就要向别人学习:像其他人一样练习记忆。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
134.【答案】【小题1】instead of
【小题2】simply
【小题3】programs
【小题4】look up
【小题5】manage
【解析】(1)考查副词。句意:想想看,与其点击公司网站上的链接,你可以简单地输入一个问题,然后立即得到答案。根据语境,表转折,用instead of,故填instead of。
(2)考查副词。句意:想想看,与其点击公司网站上的链接,你可以简单地输入一个问题,然后立即得到答案。根据 type a question (输入一个问题,)动词短语,应用副词修饰结合选项可知应该是直接地键入一个问题,simple是形容词,副词是simply,故填simply。
(3)考查名词。句意:聊天机器人是可以通过电话、信息应用程序或网站与人类交流的计算机程序。根据that can communicate with human beings by phone,on messaging apps (应用软件) or on websites.(可以通过电话、信息应用程序或网站与人类交流)由空前computer,可知应该是指计算机程序,用复数表类别,故填programs。
(4)考查动词短语。句意:聊天机器人可以查找信息,回答常见问题,并从用户那里收集信息。根据answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users.(回答常见问题,并从用户那里收集信息)结合选项可知应该是聊天机器人可以查找信息,can后面用动词原形,故填look up。
(5)考查动词。句意:它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款,帮助用户决定他们想买什么,并进行预约。根据payments for online shopping(网上购物的付款)结合选项应该是聊天机器人可以用来管理网上购物的付款,used to do sth习惯于做某事,故填manage。
文章主要介绍了聊天机器人。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
135.【答案】【小题1】ancient
【小题2】useful
【小题3】invented
【小题4】other
【小题5】writing
【小题6】successfully
【小题7】quicker
【小题8】years
【小题9】Among
【小题10】modern
【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意:中国古代有四大发明。根据There were four great inventions(有四大发明)可知,此处指中国古代,因此选ancient"古代的",修饰China。故填ancient。
(2)考查形容词。句意:但是对我们学生来说,造纸和印刷特别有用。根据for us students(对我们学生而言)可知,造纸和印刷特别有用,因此选use"用处",此处作表语,应该用形容词useful"有用的"。故填useful。
(3)考查动词。句意:纸是东汉蔡伦发明并改进的。根据Cai Lun可知,纸是东汉蔡伦发明并改进的,因此选invent"发明",与主语构成被动关系,前面有was,因此填过去分词。故填invented。
(4)考查形容词。句意:在那之前,人们用竹片和其他一些东西来写字。根据Before that,people used bamboo pieces(在那之前,人们用竹片)可知,此处指人们用竹片和其他一些东西来写字,因此选other"其他的",修饰可数名词复数things。故填other。
(5)考查动名词。句意:后来,丝绸和棉花也被用于书写,但是它们太贵了。根据also可知,丝绸和棉花也被用来写字,因此选write"写字",be used for doing sth"被用来做某事",因此填动名词形式。故填writing。
(6)考查副词。句意:然后经过大量的实践,蔡伦成功地造纸。根据after a lot of practice(通过大量的实践)可知,蔡伦成功地造纸,因此选successful"成功的",修饰动词made用副词形式。故填successfully。
(7)考查形容词。句意:它比木版印刷更方便快捷。根据It was more convenient(它更方便的)可知,应该是更方便快捷,因此选quick,与more convenient构成并列关系,因此用quick的比较级形式。故填quicker。
(8)考查名词。句意:最近几年,中国的许多科技发明在世界上大展身手。根据语境可知,此处指在最近几年,因此选year,结合语境,year表示泛指,前面没有不定冠词,因此用复数形式。故填years。
(9)考查介词。句意:其中,共享单车、高铁、支付宝和电子商务被誉为中国现代"新四大发明",它们使公众的日常生活变得越来越高效。根据a number of China's technological inventions(中国的许多技术发明)可知,其中,共享单车、高铁、支付宝和电子商务被誉为中国现代"新四大发明",因此选among"在......当中",位于句首首字母大写。故填Among。
(10)考查形容词。句意:其中,共享单车、高铁、支付宝和电子商务被誉为中国现代"新四大发明",它们使公众的日常生活变得越来越高效。根据China's"four great new inventions"(中国的"新四大发明")可知,指现代,因此选modern,in modern times"现代"。故填modern。
本文主要介绍了中国古代的发明创造和中国现代的"四大发明"对人们生活的重要作用。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
136.【答案】【小题1】grew
【小题2】healthier
【小题3】discovery
【小题4】themselves
【小题5】twice
【小题6】paid
【小题7】how
【小题8】develop
【小题9】that
【小题10】wonderfully
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:但是当他长大了,他比儿时的玩伴过得好。根据He had more job satisfaction,a better marriage and was(2)___.(他对工作更满意,婚姻更好,也更健康。)可知,当他长大了,他比儿时的玩伴过得好,因此选grow,结合had可知,grow用过去式。故填grew。
(2)考查形容词。句意:他对工作更满意,婚姻更好,也更健康。根据He had more job satisfaction,a better marriage(他对工作更满意,婚姻更好)可推测,他更健康,因此选health,用形容词作表语,结合better可知,此处用比较级形式。故填healthier。
(3)考查名词。句意:发现这一现象的科学家George Vaillant说,在家里或社区工作的男孩获得了能力,并逐渐觉得自己是社会必不可少的一员。根据上文的findings可知,此处指发现这一现象的科学家George Vaillant说的话,因此选discover,前面有the,因此用名词形式discovery"发现",此处是特指这一发现,用单数形式。故填discovery。
(4)考查代词。句意:因为他们自我感觉良好,别人也会对他们感觉良好。根据others felt good about them.(别人对他们感觉很好。)可知,他们自我感觉良好,因此选they,并用反身代词themselves"他们自己"。故填themselves。
(5)考查副词。句意:研究显示,那些在童年时参加过最多活动的人,与周围人关系融洽的可能性是常人的两倍,收入高的可能性是常人的五倍,失业的可能性要低16倍。根据five times(五倍)16 times(十六倍)和选项可知,此处表示倍数,因此选two,并用twice"两倍"。故填twice。
(6)考查动词。句意:研究显示,那些在童年时参加过最多活动的人,与周围人关系融洽的可能性是常人的两倍,收入高的可能性是常人的五倍,失业的可能性要低16倍。根据well和16 times less likely to have been jobless.(失业的可能性要低16倍。)可知,此处应该指收入高,因此选pay,主语和动词之间构成被动关系,前面有be,因此填pay的过去分词。故填paid。
(7)考查疑问词。句意:研究人员还发现,智商和家庭社会阶层对男孩的表现没有真正的影响。根据IQ and family social class made no real difference(智商和家庭社会阶层没有真正的差异)可知,此处指智商和家庭社会阶层对男孩的表现没有真正的影响,因此选how"如何"。故填how。
(8)考查动词。句意:儿童活动帮助孩子发展独立、自信和能力--这些都是心理健康的基础。根据句意可知,儿童活动帮助孩子发展独立、自信和能力,因此选develop,help sb do sth为固定搭配,意为"帮助某人做某事",因此填动词原形。故填develop。
(9)考查连词。句意:它们也帮助他理解人们必须一起工作,朝着共同的目标努力。分析句子可知,本句为宾语从句,从句不缺成分,因此选that为连接词。故填that。
(10)考查副词。句意:如果一个人知道如何工作,如何去爱,为自己所爱的人工作,并热爱自己的工作,那么他在这个世界上就能活得很精彩。根据if one knows how to work and how to love,to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.(如果一个人知道如何工作,如何去爱,为自己所爱的人工作,并热爱自己的工作。)可知,他在这个世界上就能活得很精彩,因此选wonderful,修饰动词live,应该用副词。故填wonderfully。
本文通过科学家的调查发现,那些小时候工作过的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更快乐、更丰富多彩,因此在任何年龄,工作都很重要。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
137.【答案】minutes
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:我们每90分钟绕地球一周。根据90可知,此空应填minute分钟的复数形式minutes,故填minutes。
(2)考查动词。句意:中国宇航员王亚平在太空上了一节科学课。固定短语give a lesson表示"上了一节课",描述过去发生的事情,动词用过去式,故填gave。
(3)考查代词。句意:她成为了第一个完成太空行走的女性。此处使定语从句,先行词woman是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故填who。
(4)考查形容词。句意:但也许对我们来说最令人兴奋的部分是王老师的"第二课"。修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词exciting令人兴奋的,故填exciting。
(5)考查数词。句意:2003年,杨利伟成为中国第一个进入太空的人时,王亚平的太空梦就开始了。根据常识可知,杨利伟是进入太空的第一人,用序数词first表示"第一",故填first。
(6)考查反身代词。句意:我们国家什么时候会有女宇航员?"她心里想。think to oneself"心里想",根据she可知,此空应填反身代词herself,故填herself。
(7)考查名词。句意:因为她的出色表现,在2010年,她被政府选中训练成为一名宇航员。train"训练",动词不定式符号to后接动词原形,故填train。
(8)考查副词。句意:经过艰苦的训练,她终于在2013年实现了自己的太空梦。finally"最终",副词,修饰动词realized,故填finally。
(9)考查连词。句意:和许多中国年轻人一样,王喜欢摄影、音乐和篮球。music与basketball是并列关系,用and连接,故填and。
(10)考查动词。句意:我们期待着与年轻的朋友们一起学习和探索美丽的宇宙。join"联合",look forward to doing sth"期待做某事",故填joining。
本文主要讲述了女宇航员——王亚平是如何实现自己的太空梦。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
138.【答案】【小题1】laughing
【小题2】changes
【小题3】brain
【小题4】badly
【小题5】for
【小题6】worried
【小题7】which
【小题8】discovered
【小题9】nobody
【小题10】active
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:你为什么笑并不要紧——笑对你有好处,这不是开玩笑!根据语境和备选词汇可知,你为什么笑并不要紧,但笑对你有好处。所以laugh"笑"符合语境,且are后加现在分词,构成现在进行时,故填laughing。
(2)考查名词。句意:当你笑的时候,你的身体会发生变化。根据语境可知,该空填复数名词作主语,且根据举例"For example,you take in more air."可知,吸入更多空气,是身体的变化,所以change"变化"符合语境,复数是changes。故填changes。
(3)考查名词。句意:当你笑的时候,你的大脑也会释放让你感到幸福的化学物质。根据语境和备选词汇可知,你的大脑也会释放让你感到幸福的化学物质。brain"大脑"符合语境。故填brain。
(4)考查副词。句意:当你受到严重伤害时,你可能不想笑,但笑有助于身体制造自己的天然止痛药。根据语境和备选词汇可知,当你受到严重伤害时,你可能不想笑。该空填副词,修饰动词get hurt,bad的副词是badly"严重地",故填badly。
(5)考查介词。句意:研究表明,笑100次和骑自行车15分钟一样好。根据语境和备选词汇可知,骑自行车15分钟。该空填介词for,"for+一段时间",表示动作持续的时长。故填for。
(6)考查形容词。句意:消极的想法会让你感到悲伤或担忧。根据语境和备选词汇可知,是指感到悲伤或担忧。该空填形容词,worry"担心",动词;worried"担心的",形容词。修饰人,故填worried。
(7)考查关系代词。句意:但当你笑的时候,你的大脑会产生使这些感觉消失的化学物质。根据语境和备选词汇可知,你的大脑会产生使这些感觉消失的化学物质。"which"符合语境,在句中作定语从句的关系代词,指代先行词chemicals。故填which。
(8)考查动词。句意:许多科学家还发现,笑有助于人们更好地相互交流。根据主语"Many scientists"和备选词汇可知,谓语动词是discover"发现",have后加过去分词构成现在完成时,discover的过去分词是discovered。故填discovered。
(9)考查代词。句意:不管怎样,没有人不喜欢笑脸。根据语境和备选词汇可知,没有人不喜欢笑脸。nobody"没有人"符合语境,故填nobody。
(10)考查形容词。句意:你觉得更活跃吗?根据语境和备选词汇可知,此处与"more relaxed"对应,指更活跃,active"活跃的"符合语境,more加原级构成比较级。故填active。
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了笑的好处。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
139.【答案】【小题1】closest
【小题2】scientists
【小题3】different
【小题4】sent
【小题5】photos
【小题6】First
【小题7】really
【小题8】led to
【解析】(1)考查形容词最高级。句意:火星是距离地球最近、最相似的行星。由并列连词and 可知,空缺处应填形容词最高级形式closest与形容词最高级most similar 并列,故填:closest。
(2)考查名词复数。句意:这对科学家来说很有趣。由下文提到的scientists可知,空缺处应填名词复数形式scientists,故填:scientists。
(3)考查形容词。句意:例如,火星有不同的季节,但其他行星一年四季的温度都相同。由空后名词weather可知,空缺处应填名词的形容词形式different,故填:different。
(4)考查动词过去分词。句意:2004年,两辆名为"勇气号"和"机遇号"的机器人探测器被派去寻找水的迹象。由语境可知,句子是一般过去时的被动语态,其结构是be done,结合空前were,空缺处应填动词过去分词形式sent,故填:sent。
(5)考查名词复数。句意:它们还可以使用相机并将照片发送回地球。由并列连词and 可知,空缺处应填名词复数形式photos与空前名词cameras相符,故填:photos。
(6)考查序数词。句意:首先,这两辆火星车在岩石中发现了可能由水形成的化学物质和图案。first of all首先;空缺处应填基数词的序数词形式first,作为句首首字母应大写,故填:First。
(7)考查副词。句意:他们真的需要更多的信息来决定。分析句子结构可知,空缺处应填形容词的副词形式really修饰谓语动词need,故填:really。
(8)考查动词过去式短语。句意:这两辆漫游车的发现回答了一些旧问题,但也带来了许多新问题。由上半句The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions,(这两辆漫游车的发现回答了一些旧问题,)可知,句子时态是一般过去时,空缺处应填动词过去式短语led to,故填:led to。
本文主要介绍火星是与地球最接近、最相似的行星,科学家对它非常感兴趣,为了弄清楚火星上是否存在生命,科学家发送了几个探索卫星去寻找答案,但是,今天还无法确定火星是否存在生命。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
140.【答案】invited
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:2017年3月,约25人被邀请到加利福尼亚州旧金山的一个厨房参加品尝活动。结合所给词,根据语境可知,此处为被动语态,表达"被邀请"。故填invited。
(2)考查动词。句意:它是由孟菲斯肉类公司的科学家在实验室里种植的。根据语可知此处为被动语态,表达"被种植",结合备选项词汇,故填grown。
(3)考查介词。句意:该公司通过安全地从鸡、鸭和牛等动物身上提取细胞来生产肉类。根据"such"可知,此处为固定短语such as"例如",结合备选项词汇,故填as。
(4)考查形容词。句意:许多人认为这比饲养动物作为食物对地球更好。根据"than "可知此处为比较级,表达跟饲养动物相比作为食物相比,故推断填空处应为"更好",结合备选项词汇,故填better。
(5)考查名词。句意:根据联合国粮食及农业组织的数据,到2050年,世界人口预计将增长到近100亿。根据"That's almost 2 billion more people than there are today."(这几乎比现在多了20亿人。)可知此处说的应为人口,结合备选项词汇,故填population。
(6)考查动词。句意:他认为养活这么多人会很困难。根据后文"FAO says people could eat 73% more meat in 2050."(粮农组织表示,到2050年,人们的肉类消费量将增加73%。)可推断前文应表达"养活这么多人很困难",结合备选项词汇,故填feeding。
(7)考查形容词。句意:按照目前的肉类生产方法,没有足够的土地和水资源来满足这一需求。根据语可知人口众多,对食物需求量太大,此处表达"没有足够的",结合备选项词汇,故填enough。
(8)考查名词。句意:按照目前的肉类生产方法,没有足够的土地和水资源来满足这一需求。根据前文可知,为满足人们对事物的需求,需要饲养更多的家畜,养家畜需要土地和水资源,结合空前"such as land and"可推断,此处应为"水",结合备选项词汇,故填water。
(9)考查名词。句意:传统的肉类生产也需要大量的牛。根据后文"And cows release methane ..."(奶牛会释放甲烷)可知,此处说的是"奶牛",结合备选项词汇,故填cows。
(10)考查形容词。句意:但是细胞肉生产需要更少的奶牛和更少的土地。根据"But cellular-meat production requires fewer cows"(但是细胞肉生产需要更少的奶牛)可知,细胞肉需要更少的奶牛,and为并列连词,前后内容并列,故此处为"更少的土地",结合备选项词汇,故填less。
本文讲述了世界人口急剧增长,对肉类食物需求持续增加,而饲养饲养奶牛和其他牲畜会影响气候变化,也会占用空间。孟菲斯肉类公司的专家在实验室里培育的细胞肉可以解决这些问题。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。