2024年译林版九年级历年模拟选词填空集锦(15)
题号 一 二 总分
得分
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺:本大题共10小题,共100分
141.
A.exactly B.look up C.manage D.programs E.simply
CHATBOIS-What they do and why they matter
Chatbots are changing the way customers interact with businesses.
Think about this,instead of clicking on link on a company's website,you could (1) ______ type a question and get an immediate customized answer.Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer(2) ______ that can communicate with human beings by phone,on messaging apps or on websites.
Chatbots can(3) ______ information,answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users.They can be used to(4) ______ payments for online shopping,to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments.
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142.
ancestor believe difficult do feel perfect
person shape true wise worry
Each nose is special in its own way.However,according to a study(1) ______ in 2013,the shape of your nose can show a number of things about your personality.The researchers studied almost 1,700 pictures of people's noses and put them into 14 groups.They examined the nose(2) ______ and posted their findings.
People with long noses have a strong wish to succeed in their professional lives and are hardworking.They want things to be done(3) ______ and spend much time on their work.And they usually put their professional life first and their(4) ______ life second.People with shorter noses(5) ______ about others and are true to friends.They value (6) ______ more than anything else and they would rather be happy in their family than have a successful professional life.People with pointy noses can give great advice on money.They usually use their money very(7) ______ .Big nostrils (鼻孔) are a sign that someone likes to spend money rather than save it.And small nostrils show a strong(8) ______ that relationships and family are important.
Apart from personality,the shape of one's nose can also show one's(9) ______ living place.For example,people from Africa usually have wider nostrils and a wider nose bridge,while people from Asia usually have a smaller nose bridge and narrower nostrils.The shape of one's nose can also influence their health.People with a deviated septum (偏曲中隔) may experience breathing(10) ______ .
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143.
have building look first they in enough finish but much
Do you know the differences between the new buildings and the old ones?
Old buildings(1) ______ brick and stone walls.The walls hold up the(2) ______ .In cities,many modern buildings(3) ______ as if they are made just of windows.Walls of dark glass reach high into the air.Many buildings are(4) ______ than 50 stories tall.
Are walls of glass strong(5) ______ to hold up the new buildings?No.The new glass walls do not hold up the buildings,( 6) ______ they only cover up the frame made of steel.Have you ever watched a new building going up?The steel frame is built(7) ______ .Then the glass walls are hung on the frame.When the building is(8) ______ the frame does not show.The outside looks like windows without walls.The glass walls shine(9) ______ the sun with no decoration.Many people find(10) ______ beautiful just as they are.
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144.
less than passes it at a time long-term memory remembers events
Some scientists believe that there are three types of memory-immediate,short-term and long-term.
Immediate memory holds information for (1) a second,e.g.the name of a road you have just seen.Then it either forgets it or (2) into short-term memory.
Short-term memory can hold about seven items of information (3) ,e.g.telephone numbers.It holds them for about 30 seconds.Then it either forgets them or passes them into (4) .
Long-term memory can hold information for the whole of our lives.Some scientists believe that there are two types of long-term memory.One type (5) ,e.g.the Beijing2008 Olympic Games.The other remembers knowledge,e.g.the names of countries or the meanings of words.
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145.
teach ,left,with ,however ,animal,call,they ,influence,small ,strong
Lots of humans and some animals count,or order numbers from left to right.This is(1) ______ the "mental number line".Scientists have long argued over whether mental number lines are learned or if they are a natural act.Recently,scientists did an experiment (实验)(2) ______ honeybees.They used sugar water and signs to(3) ______ bees to learn a certain number (one,three or five).Then they tested(4) ______ to see where they would place the numbers.The study found that bees can tell the difference between(5) ______ and larger numbers.Not only that,but from the way they did,most of the bees put smaller numbers to their(6) ______ and bigger numbers to their right.
Martin Giurfa says the study shows the(7) ______ answer that the mental number line could be natural.He says, "We are different from(8) ______ in some parts,but we are very similar in others."(9) ______ ,if this order is natural in animals,why do some people count from right to left?Giurfa says that what humans are taught often(10) ______ us.That means we learn to forget what's natural and instead pick up new ways of doing things.
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146.
wide without inventions what came
For hundreds of years,four great inventions greatly improved China's development.
These(1) ______ were gunpowder,the compass,printing,and paper.With gunpowder,the first modern wars were fought.With the compass,the seas became(2) ______ roads for trade and exploration.With printing,knowledge finally(3) ______ to common people.
Moreover,scientific discoveries could be shared.Printing would not have been possible(4) ______ paper.While in the past it was thought by many people in the West that these were European inventions,19th and 20th century research showed(5) ______ people in Asia had known all along,these world-changing inventions were all created in China.
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147.
A.effects B.unfortunately C.well D.special E.beat
All living cells(细胞) send out weak waves of electricity.As the heart starts to(1) ______ it sends out its records,which form an electrocardiogram(心电图).The brain,too,sends out brain waves of electricity.An electroencephalogram helps a doctor to tell how(2) ______ the brain is working.The electric waves are extremely small.They are so small that sensitive machines are needed.But in some animals,certain muscle(肌肉) cells are so(3) ______ that they do not work as most muscle cells at all.When large numbers of these cells are linked together,the(4) ______ can be very surprising.
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148.
A.tiny B.adventures C.various D.experiences E.extremely
When you think of great explorations,you might think of outer space.But you don't have to go to Mars to find (1) ______ .You can visit exciting places on Earth!Scientists have already worked deep in the ocean or on(2) ______ cold land,like Antarctica(南极洲).
Antarctica is at the South Pole.It's hard for people to get to because it's covered with ice all year round.Traveling across the ice is dangerous.Antarctica is the fifth largest continent in the world.It's bigger that Australia.But the human population in Antarctica is(3) ______ .Most of the people who visit it are scientists.Some study the mountain ranges under the ice.Others study glaciers,which are like rivers of ice.But there are still (4) ______ living things for scientists to study.
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149.
A.no longer B.physical C.correctly D.humorous E.worked out
*Meals in a pill:In 1894,Marcellin said,"Wheat fields will disappear from the face of the Earth,because flour will(1) ______ be produced from growing wheat,but from chemicals in labs." While we still rely on farms for food,scientists have(2) ______ how to make meat from plants and how to grow it from cells.
*Virtual reality(VR) everywhere:In 1999,Ray predicted that by 2019,we'd wear glasses that would project virtual images(投射虚拟图像) onto the(3) ______ world.He also thought the glasses might show a complete virtual reality that we could touch and communicate with.Virtual reality technology isn't nearly this good yet.To be fair,Ray(4) ______ predicted that AI would beat humans at chess and that we'd move to digital books,music and movies.
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150.
A.requires B.method C.publish D.operate E.tasks
Future in their eyes
*Rocket mail:In 1959,Arthur predicted that guided rockets would become the usual(1) ______ to deliver mail,and that would happen before a human reached the moon.We have email now,but still no rocket mail.
*Ape workers:Who (2) ______ robots if you can have monkeys?In 1951,a Nobel Prize winner predicted that we'd have apes that could drive cars and complete other(3) ______ for us by 2020.
*Nuclear vacuums:In 1955,the president of a vacuum cleaner company predicted that nuclear power(核能) would(4) ______ vacuums within 10 years.But he never said what people
would do with the nuclear waste.
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答案与解析
141.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】(1)考查副词。句意:想想看,你可以直接地键入一个问题并立即得到定制的答案,而不是点击公司网站上的链接。根据 type a question (输入一个问题,)动词短语,应用副词修饰结合选项可知应该是直接地键入一个问题,故选E。
(2)考查名词。句意:聊天机器人是可以通过电话、信息应用程序或网站与人类交流的计算机程序。根据that can communicate with human beings by phone,on messaging apps or on websites.(可以通过电话、信息应用程序或网站与人类交流)由空前computer,可知应该是指计算机程序,故选D。
(3)考查动词短语。句意:聊天机器人可以查找信息,回答常见问题,并从用户那里收集信息。根据answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users.(回答常见问题,并从用户那里收集信息)结合选项可知应该是聊天机器人可以查找信息,故选B。
(4)考查动词。句意:它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款,帮助用户决定他们想买什么,并进行预约。根据payments for online shopping(网上购物的付款)结合选项应该是聊天机器人可以用来管理网上购物的付款,故选C。
文章主要介绍了聊天机器人。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
142.【答案】【小题1】done
【小题2】shapes
【小题3】perfectly
【小题4】personal
【小题5】worry
【小题6】feelings
【小题7】wisely
【小题8】belief
【小题9】true
【小题10】difficulties
【解析】(1)考查动词过去分词。句意:然而,根据2013年的一项研究,鼻子的形状可以显示你的性格。分析句子结构可知,此处应填动词过去分词done作定语,故填:done。
(2)考查名词复数。句意:他们检查了鼻子的形状,并公布了他们的发现。由语境and posted their findings.(并公布了他们的发现。)可知,此处应填名词复数shapes与findings并列,故填:shapes。
(3)考查副词。句意:他们希望事情做得完美,并在工作上花费大量时间。分析句子结构可知,此处应填副词perfectly修饰动词done,故填:perfectly。
(4)考查形容词。句意:他们通常把职业生活放在第一位,把个人生活放在第二位。由空后名词life可知,此处应填形容词personal作定语,故填:personal。
(5)考查动词。句意:鼻子短的人担心他人,忠于朋友。由前后语境可知,句子时态是一般现在时,结合主语People,应填动词原形worry,worry about担心,故填:worry。
(6)考查名词复数。句意:他们把感受看得比任何事情都重要宁愿在家庭中幸福,也不愿拥有成功的职业生活。由语境They value ...more than anything else and they would rather be happy in their family than have a successful professional life.(他们把……看得比任何事情都重要宁愿在家庭中幸福,也不愿拥有成功的职业生活。)可知,此处是他们把感受看得比任何事情都重要,此处应填名词复数形式feelings,故填:feelings。
(7)考查副词。句意:他们通常非常明智地使用自己的钱。分析句子结构可知,此处应填副词wisely修饰动词use,故填:wisely。
(8)考查名词。句意:小鼻孔表明一种强烈的信念,即人际关系和家庭很重要。由空前a strong(一种强烈的)可知,此处应填单数名词belief,故填:belief。
(9)考查形容词。句意:除了个性之外,鼻子的形状还可以显示一个人的真实生活地点。由空后名词 place可知,此处应填形容词true,故填:true。
(10)考查名词复数。句意:鼻中隔偏曲的人可能会出现呼吸困难。由语境People with a deviated septum may experience breathing....(鼻中隔偏曲的人可能会出现呼吸……。)可知,此处是呼吸困难,结合主语People,应填名词复数形式difficulties,breathing difficulties呼吸困难,故填:difficulties。
本文主要介绍了各种形状的鼻子显示出的不同个性。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
143.【答案】【小题1】have
【小题2】buildings
【小题3】look
【小题4】more
【小题5】enough
【小题6】but
【小题7】first
【小题8】finished
【小题9】in
【小题10】them
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:老建筑有砖墙和石墙。have"有"符合题意,本文用一般现在时,复数名词后谓语动词用原形。故答案为have。
(2)考查名词。句意:这些墙支撑着这些建筑物。building"建筑物"符合题意,用可数名词复数表示类别。故答案为buildings。
(3)考查动词。句意:在城市里,许多现代建筑看起来好像只是由窗户组成的。look"看起来"符合题意,many modern buildings后谓语动词用原形。故答案为look。
(4)考查形容词比较级。句意:许多建筑物都超过50层楼高。more than多于,形容词短语。故答案为more。
(5)考查副词。句意:玻璃墙坚固到足以支撑起新建筑吗?enough"足够"符合题意,用副词修饰形容词strong。故答案为enough。
(6)考查连词。句意:新的玻璃墙并不能支撑建筑物,但它们只是覆盖了钢结构的框架。but"但是"符合题意,表示转折。故答案为but。
(7)考查数词。句意:首先建造钢架。first"首先"符合题意,用序数词表示顺序。故答案为first。
(8)考查动词。句意:当建筑完工时,框架没有显示出来。finish"完工"符合题意,is后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态的谓语动词。故答案为finished。
(9)考查介词。句意:没有装饰的玻璃墙在阳光下闪闪发光。in the sun在阳光下,介词短语。故答案为in。
(10)考查人称代词。句意:许多人发现它们本来就很美。they"它们"符合题意,动词后人称代词用宾格。故答案为them。
本文主要介绍了新的建筑和旧建筑之间的差别。
通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及选词判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
144.【答案】【小题1】less than
【小题2】passes it
【小题3】at a time
【小题4】long-term memory
【小题5】remembers events
【解析】短语辨析。
(1)句意:即时记忆保存信息的时间不到一秒钟,例如你刚刚看到的道路名称。根据Immediate memory"即时记忆",可知less than"少于"符合题意。故填less than。
(2)句意:然后要么忘记它,要么将它传递到短时记忆中。根据Immediate memory"即时记忆"和short-term memory"短时记忆"可知,passes it"传递"符合题意,根据forgets,可知用pass的单数形式passes。故填passes it。
(3)句意:短时记忆一次可存储大约七项信息,例如电话号码。at a time"一次"符合题意。故填at a time。
(4)句意:然后要么忘记它们,要么将它们传递到长期记忆中。根据short-term memory"短时记忆"和passes them into"把它们转化成"可知,long-term memory"长时记忆"符合题意。故填long-term memory。
(5)句意:有一种是记大事件,例如北京2008年奥运会。根据The other remembers knowledge(另一种是记忆知识)可知,有一种是记大事件,remembers events"记大事件",根据后文的remembers,可知时态为一般现在时,这里主语为one type,故也用remember的单数形式,event"大事件"为可数名词,这里用其复数表示泛指。故填remembers events。
本文讲述了一些科学家认为,有三种类型的即时记忆,短时记忆和长期记忆。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的短语,并填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整。
145.【答案】【小题1】called
【小题2】with
【小题3】teach
【小题4】them
【小题5】smaller
【小题6】left
【小题7】strong
【小题8】animals
【小题9】However
【小题10】influences
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:这被称为"心理数字线"。根据语境可知,此处是指称作"心理数字线",call"叫作"符合语境,主语与call之间是动宾关系,因此用过去分词called与is一起构成被动结构。故填called。
(2)考查介词。句意:最近,科学家们用蜜蜂做了一个实验。根据语境可知,是指用蜜蜂做实验,介词with符合语境。故填with。
(3)考查动词。句意:他们用糖水和符号来教蜜蜂学习特定的数字(一,三,或五)。根据语境可知,是教蜜蜂学习数字,teach"教"符合语境,空前to为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。故填teach。
(4)考查代词。句意:然后他们测试它们,看它们会把数字放在哪里。此处是指对蜜蜂进行的实验,空处用宾格代词them指代蜜蜂。故填them。
(5)考查形容词。句意:研究发现蜜蜂可以区分较小和较大数字的区别。根据空后的"larger"可知,设空处应填比较级,结合备选词可知,smaller"较小的"符合语境。故填smaller。
(6)考查名词。句意:不仅如此,从它们的做法来看,大多数蜜蜂把较小的数字放在左边,较大的数字放在右边。根据语境及备选词可知,此处是指把较小的数字放在左边,left"左边",名词。故填left。
(7)考查形容词。句意:Martin Giurfa说这项研究有力地证明了"心理数字线"是一种自然行为。根据语境及备选词汇可知,空处填形容词strong"强有力的",作定语。故填strong。
(8)考查名词。句意:我们在某些方面与动物不同,但在其他方面又非常相似。根据语境可知,此处是讲人与动物进行比较,空处填复数animals"动物"。故填animals。
(9)考查副词。句意:然而,如果这种顺序在动物中是自然的,为什么有些人会从右向左数呢?根据语境可知,此处与前面的研究表明从左到右是一种天生的行为,形成对比,应填however"然而",句首首字母大写。故填However。
(10)考查动词。句意:Giurfa说,人类被教导的东西往往会影响我们。此处与后一句解释了为什么一些人从右往左计数,这是因为我们被传授的东西影响着,结合备选词可知应选influence"影响"。从句的主语是"what",时态是一般现在时,应用第三人称单数influences。故填influences。
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对蜜蜂的实验,说明了"心理数字线"本身是一种自然行为。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
146.【答案】【小题1】inventions
【小题2】wide
【小题3】came
【小题4】without
【小题5】what
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:这些发明是火药、指南针、印刷术和纸张。根据句意,此处意为"这些发明",使用可数名词复数形式。故填inventions。
(2)考查形容词。句意:有了指南针,海洋成了贸易和探险的宽阔道路。根据句意可知,此处意为"宽阔的道路",使用形容词修饰名词。故填wide。
(3)考查动词。句意:有了印刷术,普通人终于获得了知识。根据句意,此处意为"人们获得了知识",句子为一般过去时,所以动词用过去式。故填came。
(4)考查介词。句意:没有纸,印刷是不可能的。根据句意,此处意为"没有"。故填without。
(5)考查引导词。句意:虽然过去许多西方人认为这些是欧洲的发明,但19世纪和20世纪的研究表明,亚洲人一直知道,这些改变世界的发明都是在中国创造的。此处使用what做从句中的宾语。故填what。
文章介绍了中国四大发明。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
147.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】A
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:当心脏开始跳动时,它会发出记录,形成心电图。start to do开始做某事,固定搭配,beat"跳动"符合题意。故选E。
(2)考查副词。句意:心电图可以帮助医生了解大脑运行良好。work为实义动词,用副词修饰,well"好地"符合题意。故选C。
(3)考查形容词。句意:但是在一些动物中,某些肌肉细胞是如此特殊,以至于它们根本不像大多数肌肉细胞那样起作用。are为系动词,后跟形容词,special"特殊的"符合题意。故选D。
(4)考查名词。句意:当大量的这些细胞连接在一起时,效果会非常惊人。the后跟名词,affects"效果"符合题意。故选A。
本文主要介绍了细胞的电波以及发挥的作用。
通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及选词判断空格处词义,选择正确的选项,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
148.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】E
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:但你不必去火星寻找冒险。根据When you think of great explorations,you might think of outer space.(当你想到伟大的探索时,你可能会想到外太空。)可知说的是冒险。故选B。
(2)考查副词。句意:科学家们已经在海洋深处或极冷的陆地上工作过,比如南极洲。根据like Antarctica(像南极洲).可知说的是很冷。故选E。
(3)考查形容词。句意:但南极洲的人口很少。根据Most of the people who visit it are scientists.(大多数参观它的人都是科学家。)可知说的是人口少。故选A。
(4)考查形容词。句意:但仍有各种各样的生物供科学家研究。根据living things(生物)可知说的是各种各样的生物。故选C。
短文介绍了南极洲的一些信息。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
149.【答案】【小题1】A
【小题2】E
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】(1)考查短语。句意:麦田将从地球上消失,因为面粉将不再从种植小麦中生产,而是从实验室的化学物质中生产。根据but from chemicals in labs."(而是从实验室的化学物质中生产。)结合选项可知面粉将不再从种植小麦中生产,故选A。
(2)考查动词短语。句意:虽然我们仍然依赖农场获取食物,但科学家们已经研究出如何用植物制作肉类以及如何用细胞种植。根据While we still rely on farms for food,(虽然我们仍然依赖农场获取食物)可知前后句之间表示转折关系,应该是科学家研究出了新的方法,故选E。
(3)考查形容词。句意:1999年,雷预测,到2019年,我们将戴上眼镜,将虚拟图像投射到自然世界。根据He also thought the glasses might show a complete virtual reality that we could touch and communicate with.(他还认为眼镜可能会显示一个完整的虚拟现实,我们可以触摸和交流。)结合选项可知这种特殊的眼镜可以将虚拟图像投射到自然世界,故选B。
(4)考查副词。句意:公平地说,雷正确地预测了人工智能将在国际象棋中击败人类,我们将转向数字图书、音乐和电影。根据In 1999,Ray predicted that by 2019,we'd wear glasses that would project virtual images(投射虚拟图像) onto the physical world.(1999年,雷预测,到2019年,我们将戴上眼镜,将虚拟图像投射到自然世界。)结合选项可知雷的预测是正确的,故选C。
文章主要介绍了未来的高科技。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
150.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】E
【小题4】D
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:1959年,亚瑟预测制导火箭将成为递送邮件的常用方法,这将在人类到达月球之前发生。to deliver mail(投递邮件)结合选项可知空处应指递送邮件的常用方法,故选B。
(2)考查动词。句意:如果你有猴子,谁还需要机器人?根据if you can have monkeys(如果你有猴子)结合选项可知应该是有了猴子谁还需要机器人,可知是在对客观事实提问。没有明确主语是谁时,主语是第三人称单数。谓语动词用第三人称单数,requires表示需要,是动词的第三人称单数,故选A。
(3)考查名词。句意:1951年,一位诺贝尔奖得主预测,到2020年,我们将拥有能够驾驶汽车和完成其他任务的猩猩。other表示其他的,后面加可数名词的复数,tasks表示任务,是可数名词的复数,故选E。
(4)考查动词。句意:1955年,一家真空吸尘器公司的总裁预测核能将在10年内操纵真空吸尘器。根据vacuums(真空吸尘器)结合选项可知空处应填动词:操纵;would do表示将会做,operate表示操纵,是动词原形,故选D。
文章主要介绍了未来的高科技。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。